Aliases for SYN3 Gene
External Ids for SYN3 Gene
- HGNC: 11496
- Entrez Gene: 8224
- Ensembl: ENSG00000185666
- OMIM: 602705
- UniProtKB: O14994
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for SYN3 Gene
- GC22M029604
- GC22M031233
- GC22M032908
- GC22M015865
Summaries for SYN3 Gene
-
This gene is a member of the synapsin gene family. Synapsins encode neuronal phosphoproteins which associate with the cytoplasmic surface of synaptic vesicles. Family members are characterized by common protein domains, and they are implicated in synaptogenesis and the modulation of neurotransmitter release, suggesting a potential role in several neuropsychiatric diseases. The protein encoded by this gene shares the synapsin family domain model, with domains A, C, and E exhibiting the highest degree of conservation. The protein contains a unique domain J, located between domains C and E. Based on this gene's localization to 22q12.3, a possible schizophrenia susceptibility locus, and the established neurobiological roles of the synapsins, this family member may represent a candidate gene for schizophrenia. The TIMP3 gene is located within an intron of this gene and is transcribed in the opposite direction. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple splice variants that encode different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
GeneCards Summary for SYN3 Gene
SYN3 (Synapsin III) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with SYN3 include Visual Epilepsy and Seizure Disorder. Among its related pathways are Transmission across Chemical Synapses and Neurotransmitter Release Cycle. An important paralog of this gene is SYN1.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for SYN3 Gene
-
May be involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release and synaptogenesis.
Additional gene information for SYN3 Gene
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for SYN3 at DataMed
- Search for SYN3 at HumanCyc
No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for SYN3 Gene
Genomics for SYN3 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for SYN3 Gene
Promoters and enhancers for SYN3 Gene
| GeneHancer (GH) Identifier | GH Type | GH Score |
GH Sources | Gene Association Score | Total Score | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites |
Gene Targets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GH22I033057 | Promoter/Enhancer | 1.3 | EPDnew ENCODE | 550.8 | +0.1 | 78 | 1 | SIN3A DMAP1 ZNF335 GLIS2 EGR1 SCRT2 ZNF143 CREM EGR2 USF2 | SYN3 GC22M033050 | |
| GH22I032799 | Promoter/Enhancer | 2.3 | EPDnew FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER | 5.4 | +255.8 | 255849 | 5.8 | ZSCAN4 ARID4B KLF17 ZNF76 SIN3A DMAP1 YY1 ZNF335 GLIS2 SCRT2 | TIMP3 SYN3 GC22M032814 | |
| GH22I032796 | Enhancer | 1.1 | Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER | 6.4 | +261.3 | 261322 | 0.7 | CTCF RB1 RAD21 CC2D1A ZFHX2 PATZ1 ZNF143 SMC3 PRDM10 ZNF444 | GC22P032796 SYN3 TIMP3 | |
| GH22I033018 | Enhancer | 0.6 | ENCODE | 11.3 | +40.0 | 39950 | 0.2 | CTCF ZNF654 HLF TRIM22 RAD21 ZSCAN5C SMC3 ZNF143 SMAD4 RUNX3 | SYN3 ENSG00000232073 ENSG00000228194 GC22M033050 | |
| GH22I032819 | Enhancer | 0.7 | ENCODE dbSUPER | 9.6 | +238.1 | 238090 | 0.9 | ZFHX2 POLR2A ZSCAN4 EGR2 | ENSG00000229673 SYN3 GC22M032814 TIMP3 GC22P032840 GC22P032841 |
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data dump
GeneHancers around SYN3 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Locations for SYN3 Gene
Genomic Locations for SYN3 Gene
- chr22:32,508,022-33,058,391
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 550,370 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr22:32,908,539-33,454,377
- (GRCh37/hg19)
Genomic View for SYN3 Gene
Genes around SYN3 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 22q12.3 by Ensembl
- 22q12.3 by Entrez Gene
- 22q12.3 by HGNC
SYN3 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for SYN3 Gene
Proteins for SYN3 Gene
-
Protein details for SYN3 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- O14994-SYN3_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Synapsin-3
- Protein Accession:
- O14994
- B1B1F9
Protein attributes for SYN3 Gene
- Size:
- 580 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 63303 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Interacts with CAPON.
- Miscellaneous:
-
- Regulated by calcium. Calcium inhibits ATP binding to the C-domain.
Protein Expression for SYN3 Gene
Post-translational modifications for SYN3 Gene
- Phosphorylation at Ser-9 dissociates synapsins from synaptic vesicles.
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
- Modification sites at neXtProt
Other Protein References for SYN3 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
-
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No data available for DME Specific Peptides for SYN3 Gene
Domains & Families for SYN3 Gene
Gene Families for SYN3 Gene
- HGNC:
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Plasma proteins
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein Domains for SYN3 Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for SYN3 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
O14994UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
SYN3_HUMAN :- The A region binds phospholipids with a preference for negatively charged species.
- Belongs to the synapsin family.
- Domain:
-
- The A region binds phospholipids with a preference for negatively charged species.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the synapsin family.
Function for SYN3 Gene
Molecular function for SYN3 Gene
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- synapsin IIIa,synaptic vesicle-associated phosphoprotein,involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release,synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity,with six transcripts (SYN3A to SYN3F),SYN3A,3B,3C deleted in fetal and adult brain,SYN30 only in fetal CNS,SYN3E and 3F non neuronal
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- May be involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter release and synaptogenesis.
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for SYN3 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003824 | catalytic activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005524 | ATP binding | TAS | 15217342 |
Phenotypes for SYN3 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for SYN3:
- inferred from 2 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for SYN3:
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-
-
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-
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- Search ViGene Biosciences for SYN3
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miRNA for SYN3 Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target SYN3
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-
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- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
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- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
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No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for SYN3 Gene
Localization for SYN3 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for SYN3 Gene
- Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Note=Peripheral membrane protein localized to the cytoplasmic surface of synaptic vesicles.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| cytosol | 3 |
| nucleus | 2 |
| mitochondrion | 1 |
| peroxisome | 1 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0008021 | synaptic vesicle | IEA,TAS | 9539796 |
| GO:0014069 | postsynaptic density | IEA | -- |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | IEA | -- |
| GO:0030054 | cell junction | IEA | -- |
| GO:0030672 | synaptic vesicle membrane | IEA | -- |
No data available for Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for SYN3 Gene
Pathways & Interactions for SYN3 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Neurotransmitter Release Cycle | ||
| 2 | Transmission across Chemical Synapses |
.62
|
|
| 3 | MAPK-Erk Pathway | ||
| 4 | Synaptic vesicle cycle | ||
Pathways by source for SYN3 Gene
1 Sino Biological pathway for SYN3 Gene
1 BioSystems pathway for SYN3 Gene
Interacting Proteins for SYN3 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0007269 | neurotransmitter secretion | IEA | -- |
| GO:0032228 | regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic | TAS | 15217342 |
Drugs & Compounds for SYN3 Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| calcium | Approved | Nutra | 0 |
Transcripts for SYN3 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for SYN3 Gene
- (15) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (9) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (40) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (13) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for SYN3 Gene
- Synapsin III:
- Representative Sequences:
CRISPR Products
-
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-
Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
-
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Inhibitory RNA Products
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Clone Products
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-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- Addgene plasmids for SYN3
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available SYN3 gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available SYN3 gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for SYN3
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4a | · | 4b | ^ | 5 | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7 | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11 | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13 | ^ | 14a | · | 14b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: |
Expression for SYN3 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
- Inner Cell Mass (Early Embryonic Tissues)
-
Blood (Hematopoietic System)
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Hematopoietic Bone Marrow
- NULL (Uncategorized)
- Motor Neurons (Nervous System)
- Spinal Cord (Nervous System)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for SYN3 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Brain - Frontal Cortex (BA9) (x5.9), Brain - Cortex (x4.8), and Brain - Anterior cingulate cortex (BA24) (x4.5).
This gene is overexpressed in Frontal cortex (31.7), Brain (25.9), and Fetal Brain (6.6).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for SYN3 Gene
- Elite partner
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of SYN3 Gene:
SYN3SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for SYN3 Gene:
Hs.608750mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for SYN3 Gene:
O14994-SYN3_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Neuron specific. Detected predominantly in brain.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for SYN3 Gene
- Nervous system(4.8)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for SYN3
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Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for SYN3 Gene
Orthologs for SYN3 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | SYN3 33 |
|
||
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | -- 34 |
|
OneToMany | |
| SYN3 33 |
|
||||
| -- 34 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | SYN3 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Syn3 16 34 33 |
|
||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Syn3 33 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | SYN3 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | -- 34 |
|
OneToMany | |
| -- 34 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| -- 34 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | SYN3 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | SYN3 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | syn3 33 |
|
||
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | syn3-A 33 |
|
||
| zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | SYN3 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | Syn 35 33 34 |
|
||
| African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | AgaP_AGAP003318 33 |
|
||
| worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | snn-1 33 34 |
|
||
| sea squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 34 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| -- 34 |
|
ManyToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for SYN3 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Paralogs for SYN3 Gene
(3) SIMAP similar genes for SYN3 Gene using alignment to 4 proteins:
Variants for SYN3 Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 22 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs1011302671 | uncertain-significance, Pseudoinflammatory fundus dystrophy | 32,862,859(-) | C/T | genic_upstream_transcript_variant, intron_variant | |
| rs1031426000 | uncertain-significance, Pseudoinflammatory fundus dystrophy | 32,862,221(-) | C/T | genic_upstream_transcript_variant, intron_variant | |
| rs1034054502 | uncertain-significance, Pseudoinflammatory fundus dystrophy | 32,860,172(-) | A/G | genic_upstream_transcript_variant, intron_variant | |
| rs1039341802 | uncertain-significance, Pseudoinflammatory fundus dystrophy | 32,801,672(-) | C/G/T | genic_upstream_transcript_variant, intron_variant | |
| rs1057519444 | pathogenic, Cerebellar vermis atrophy, Generalized hypotonia, Global developmental delay, Seizures, Visual impairment | 32,518,208(-) | GG/AA | coding_sequence_variant, intron_variant, missense_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
45.9% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
5.61;
72.53% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for SYN3 Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for SYN3 Gene
Disorders for SYN3 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| visual epilepsy |
|
|
| seizure disorder |
|
|
| schizophrenia |
|
|
| attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder |
|
|
Search SYN3 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for SYN3
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for SYN3 Gene
Publications for SYN3 Gene
- Association between synapsin III gene promoter SNPs and multiple sclerosis in Basque patients. (PMID: 18755822) Otaegui D … Lopez de Munain A (Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) 2009) 3 22 44 58
- Association and expression study of synapsin III and schizophrenia. (PMID: 19766700) Chen Q … Chen X (Neuroscience letters 2009) 3 22 44 58
- A third member of the synapsin gene family. (PMID: 9539796) Kao HT … Greengard P (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1998) 2 3 4 58
- Identification, replication, and fine-mapping of Loci associated with adult height in individuals of african ancestry. (PMID: 21998595) N'Diaye A … Haiman CA (PLoS genetics 2011) 3 44 58
- Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score. (PMID: 20379614) Rose JE … Uhl GR (Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 2010) 3 44 58
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- Compare Top SYN3 Elisa Kits
- Quality Products:
- antibodies-online: Search results for 5 available SYN3 Proteins ranked by validation data
- Compare Top SYN3 Proteins
- Quality Products:
- Search GeneTex for Antibodies for SYN3
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for SYN3
- ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for SYN3 gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for SYN3 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for SYN3 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for SYN3
- Horizon Cell Lines for SYN3
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available SYN3 gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available SYN3 gene related products
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for available SYN3 gene related products
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search results for available SYN3 gene related products
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for available SYN3 gene related products
Sources for SYN3 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) ASD
- (29) ECgene
- (30) GeneAnnot
- (31) CGAP SAGE
- (32) SOURCE
- (33) HomoloGene
- (34) PanEnsembl
- (35) euGenes
- (36) SGD
- (37) FlyBase
- (38) WormBase
- (39) Pseudogene
- (40) DGV
- (41) dbSNP
- (42) GenAtlas
- (43) HGMD
- (44) GAD
- (45) BGMUT
- (46) HuGE
- (47) Atlas
- (48) Cell Signaling Technology
- (49) GenBank
- (50) H-invDB
- (51) HORDE
- (52) HUGE
- (53) IMGT
- (54) Leiden
- (55) miRBase
- (56) DME
- (57) OriGene
- (58) PubMed
- (59) R&D Systems
- (60) TGDB
- (61) Tocris
- (62) Abcam
- (63) Novus Biologicals
- (64) ProSpec
- (65) Sino Biological
- (66) GenScript
- (67) Qiagen
- (68) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (69) OCA
- (70) Proteopedia
- (71) MOPED
- (72) neXtProt
- (73) Reactome
- (74) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (75) fRNAdb
- (76) DISEASES
- (77) SIMAP
- (78) GenomeRNAi
- (79) LifeMap
- (80) miRTarBase
- (81) MalaCards
- (82) Invitrogen
- (83) BitterDB
- (84) Vector BioLabs
- (85) ESI-BIO
- (86) RefSeq
- (87) BioSystems
- (88) MaxQB
- (89) IUPHAR
- (90) BioGPS
- (91) Illumina
- (92) COMPARTMENTS
- (93) HOMER
- (94) PaxDb
- (95) ApexBio
- (96) Addgene
- (97) antibodies-online
- (98) CYP
- (99) NONCODE
- (100) SwitchGear Genomics
- (101) TreeFam
- (102) PathCards
- (103) GeneReviews
- (104) GeneTex
- (105) Taconic Biosciences
- (106) GTEx
- (107) ProteomicsDB
- (108) SCBT
- (109) DGIdb
- (110) ClinicalTrials
- (111) FDA Approved Drugs
- (112) RVIS
- (113) SIGNOR
- (114) diseasecard
- (115) NIH Rare Diseases
- (116) Orphanet
- (117) UMLS
- (118) GTR
- (119) Disease Ontology
- (120) Genetics Home Reference
- (121) MeSH
- (122) MedlinePlus
- (123) CDC
- (124) NINDS
- (125) NCBI Bookshelf
- (126) ClinVar
- (127) Gene Damage Index
- (128) ViGene Biosciences
- (129) HPO
- (130) UDN
- (131) VISTA
- (132) FANTOM5
- (133) ENCODE
- (134) ProSci
- (135) Horizon
- (136) NURSA
- (137) IID
- (138) Cyagen
- (139) VectorBuilder
- (140) SNPedia
- (141) BRCA Exchange
- (142) St John's Lab
- (143) CIViC
- (144) ProteoGenix
- (145) dbSUPER
- (146) TISSUES
- (147) Gene ORGANizer
- (148) abm
- (149) CrownBio
- (150) Human Protein Atlas
- (151) GWAS Catalog
- (152) Monarch Initiative
- (153) DataMed
- (154) HumanCyc
- (155) genomics-online
- (156) UCNEbase
- (157) EPDnew
- (158) Applied Biosystems