STING1 Gene (Protein Coding)

Stimulator Of Interferon Response CGAMP Interactor 1

GC05M139476
GIFtS:
34
This gene encodes a five transmembrane protein that functions as a major regulator of the innate immune response to viral and bacterial infections. The encoded protein is a pattern recognition receptor that detects cytosolic nucleic acids and transmits signals that activate type I interferon responses. The encoded protein has also been shown to play a role in apoptotic signalin... See more...

Aliases for STING1 Gene

Aliases for STING1 Gene

  • Stimulator Of Interferon Response CGAMP Interactor 1 2 3 5
  • Transmembrane Protein 173 2 3 4
  • ERIS 2 3 4
  • MITA 2 3 4
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Interferon Stimulator 3 4
  • Stimulator Of Interferon Genes Protein 3 4
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum IFN Stimulator 2 3
  • TMEM173 3 4
  • HSTING 3 4
  • NET23 2 3
  • STING 2 3
  • HMITA 3 4
  • MPYS 2 3
  • N-Terminal Methionine-Proline-Tyrosine-Serine Plasma Membrane Tetraspanner 3
  • Mitochondrial Mediator Of IRF3 Activation 3
  • Stimulator Of Interferon Protein 3
  • Stimulator Of Interferon Genes 2
  • Mediator Of IRF3 Activation 4
  • STING-Beta 3
  • FLJ38577 2
  • STING1 5
  • SAVI 3

External Ids for STING1 Gene

Previous HGNC Symbols for STING1 Gene

  • TMEM173

Summaries for STING1 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for STING1 Gene

  • This gene encodes a five transmembrane protein that functions as a major regulator of the innate immune response to viral and bacterial infections. The encoded protein is a pattern recognition receptor that detects cytosolic nucleic acids and transmits signals that activate type I interferon responses. The encoded protein has also been shown to play a role in apoptotic signaling by associating with type II major histocompatibility complex. Mutations in this gene are the cause of infantile-onset STING-associated vasculopathy. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]

GeneCards Summary for STING1 Gene

STING1 (Stimulator Of Interferon Response CGAMP Interactor 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with STING1 include Sting-Associated Vasculopathy, Infantile-Onset and Familial Chilblain Lupus. Among its related pathways are Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA and RIG-I/MDA5 mediated induction of IFN-alpha/beta pathways.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for STING1 Gene

  • Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) (PubMed:18724357, PubMed:18818105, PubMed:19433799, PubMed:19776740, PubMed:23027953, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:23747010, PubMed:30842659). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm (PubMed:26300263). Acts by binding cyclic dinucleotides: recognizes and binds cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced by CGAS in response to DNA virus in the cytosol (PubMed:21947006, PubMed:23258412, PubMed:23707065, PubMed:23722158, PubMed:26229117, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:23747010, PubMed:30842659). Upon binding of c-di-GMP or cGAMP, STING1 oligomerizes, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum and is phosphorylated by TBK1 on the pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment and subsequent activation of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti-viral state (PubMed:22394562, PubMed:25636800, PubMed:30842653). In addition to promote the production of type I interferons, plays a direct role in autophagy (PubMed:30568238, PubMed:30842662). Following cGAMP-binding, STING1 buds from the endoplasmic reticulum into COPII vesicles, which then form the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) (PubMed:30842662). The ERGIC serves as the membrane source for WIPI2 recruitment and LC3 lipidation, leading to formation of autophagosomes that target cytosolic DNA or DNA viruses for degradation by the lysosome (PubMed:30842662). The autophagy- and interferon-inducing activities can be uncoupled and autophagy induction is independent of TBK1 phosphorylation (PubMed:30568238, PubMed:30842662). Autophagy is also triggered upon infection by bacteria: following c-di-GMP-binding, which is produced by live Gram-positive bacteria, promotes reticulophagy (By similarity). Exhibits 2',3' phosphodiester linkage-specific ligand recognition: can bind both 2'-3' linked cGAMP (2'-3'-cGAMP) and 3'-3' linked cGAMP but is preferentially activated by 2'-3' linked cGAMP (PubMed:26300263, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:23747010). The preference for 2'-3'-cGAMP, compared to other linkage isomers is probably due to the ligand itself, whichs adopts an organized free-ligand conformation that resembles the STING1-bound conformation and pays low energy costs in changing into the active conformation (PubMed:26150511). May be involved in translocon function, the translocon possibly being able to influence the induction of type I interferons (PubMed:18724357). May be involved in transduction of apoptotic signals via its association with the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) (By similarity).
  • (Microbial infection) Antiviral activity is antagonized by oncoproteins, such as papillomavirus (HPV) protein E7 and adenovirus early E1A protein (PubMed:26405230). Such oncoproteins prevent the ability to sense cytosolic DNA (PubMed:26405230).

Additional gene information for STING1 Gene

No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for STING1 Gene

Genomics for STING1 Gene

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs

Download GeneHancer 2017 data
Promoters and enhancers for STING1 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around STING1 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path

Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for STING1

Genomic Locations for STING1 Gene

Latest Assembly
chr5:139,475,533-139,482,935
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
7,403 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

Previous Assembly
chr5:138,855,118-138,862,343
(GRCh37/hg19 by Entrez Gene)
Size:
7,226 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

chr5:138,855,119-138,862,520
(GRCh37/hg19 by Ensembl)
Size:
7,402 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

Alternative Locations (GRCh38/hg38)

  • chr5(PATCHES):65,328-72,553 (-)

Genomic View for STING1 Gene

Genes around STING1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
STING1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for STING1 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for STING1 Gene

Proteins for STING1 Gene

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  • Protein details for STING1 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    Q86WV6-STING_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Stimulator of interferon genes protein
    Protein Accession:
    Q86WV6
    Secondary Accessions:
    • A8K3P6
    • B6EB35
    • D6RBX0
    • D6RE01
    • D6RID9

    Protein attributes for STING1 Gene

    Size:
    379 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    42193 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • Homodimer; forms a homodimer in absence of cyclic nucleotide (c-di-GMP or cGAMP); 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination at Lys-150 is required for homodimerization (PubMed:22579474, PubMed:22705373, PubMed:22728658, PubMed:22728660, PubMed:22728659, PubMed:19285439, PubMed:30842659). Homotetramer; in presence of cyclic nucleotide (c-di-GMP or cGAMP), forms tetramers and higher-order oligomers through side-by-side packing (Probable). Interacts (when phosphorylated) with IRF3; following activation and phosphorylation on the pLxIS motif by TBK1, recruits IRF3 (PubMed:22394562, PubMed:25636800, PubMed:28331227, PubMed:27302953). Interacts with DDX58/RIG-I, MAVS and SSR2 (PubMed:18818105, PubMed:18724357). Interacts with RNF5 and TRIM56 (PubMed:19285439, PubMed:21074459). Interacts with TBK1; when homodimer, leading to subsequent production of IFN-beta (PubMed:19416887). Interacts with IFIT1 and IFIT2 (PubMed:19416887). Interacts with TRIM29; this interaction induces STING1 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (PubMed:29038422). Associates with the MHC-II complex (By similarity). Interacts with SEC24C; promoting translocation to the COPII vesicles (PubMed:30842662). Interacts (when ubiquitinated) with SQSTM1; leading to relocalization to autophagosomes (By similarity). Interacts with SURF4 (PubMed:29251827). Interacts with HNRNPA2B1 (PubMed:31320558). Interacts with ZDHHC1; ZDHHC1 constitutively interacts with STING1 and in presence of DNA viruses activates it by promoting its cGAMP-induced oligomerization and the recruitment of downstream signaling components (PubMed:25299331). Interacts with ZDHHC11; in presence of DNA viruses promotes the recruitment of IRF3 to STING1 (PubMed:28331227). Interacts with TOMM70 (PubMed:20628368).
    • (Microbial infection) Interacts with human papillomavirus (HPV) protein E7.
    • (Microbial infection) Interacts with adenovirus early E1A protein.
    • (Microbial infection) Interacts with herpes simplex virus 1 protein ICP34.5; this interaction inhibits the intracellular DNA sensing pathway.

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for STING1 Gene

neXtProt entry for STING1 Gene

Post-translational modifications for STING1 Gene

  • Phosphorylation by TBK1 leads to activation and production of IFN-beta (PubMed:18818105, PubMed:19433799, PubMed:25636800, PubMed:30842659, PubMed:30842653, PubMed:27302953). Following cyclic nucleotide (c-di-GMP or cGAMP)-binding, activation and translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum, STING1 is phosphorylated by TBK1 at Ser-366 in the pLxIS motif (PubMed:25636800). The phosphorylated pLxIS motif constitutes an IRF3-binding motif, leading to recruitment of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce type-I interferons and other cytokines (PubMed:25636800). Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon MHC-II aggregation (By similarity).
  • Ubiquitinated (PubMed:19285439, PubMed:19433799, PubMed:21074459, PubMed:25254379). Ubiquitinated via 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in response to double-stranded DNA treatment, leading to relocalization to autophagosomes and subsequent degradation; this process is dependent on SQSTM1 (By similarity). 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination mediated by TRIM56 at Lys-150 promotes homodimerization and recruitment of the antiviral kinase TBK1 and subsequent production of IFN-beta (PubMed:21074459). 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination at Lys-150 occurring after viral infection is mediated by RNF5 and leads to proteasomal degradation (PubMed:19285439). 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination at Lys-150 by RNF26 leads to stabilize STING1: it protects STING1 from RNF5-mediated 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination (PubMed:25254379).
  • Ubiquitination at Lys150
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

Other Protein References for STING1 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Antibodies for research

  • Abcam antibodies for STING1

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for STING1 Gene

Domains & Families for STING1 Gene

Gene Families for STING1 Gene

Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Disease related genes
  • Predicted membrane proteins

Protein Domains for STING1 Gene

InterPro:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for STING1 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
  • Stimulator of interferon genes protein (TM173_HUMAN)

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

Q86WV6

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

STING_HUMAN :
  • In absence of cGAMP, the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions interact to form an integrated, domain-swapped dimeric assembly (By similarity). In absence of cyclic nucleotide (c-di-GMP or cGAMP), the protein is autoinhibited by an intramolecular interaction between the cyclic dinucleotide-binding domain (CBD) and the C-terminal tail (CTT) (PubMed:22579474, PubMed:22705373, PubMed:22728658, PubMed:22728660, PubMed:22728659). Following cGAMP-binding, the cyclic dinucleotide-binding domain (CBD) is closed, leading to a 180 degrees rotation of the CBD domain relative to the transmembrane domain. This rotation is coupled to a conformational change in a loop on the side of the CBD dimer, which leads to the formation of the STING1 tetramer and higher-order oligomers through side-by-side packing (By similarity). The N-terminal part of the CBD region was initially though to contain a fifth transmembrane region (TM5) but is part of the folded, soluble CBD (PubMed:22579474, PubMed:22705373, PubMed:22728658, PubMed:22728660, PubMed:22728659).
  • Belongs to the STING family.
Domain:
  • In absence of cGAMP, the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions interact to form an integrated, domain-swapped dimeric assembly (By similarity). In absence of cyclic nucleotide (c-di-GMP or cGAMP), the protein is autoinhibited by an intramolecular interaction between the cyclic dinucleotide-binding domain (CBD) and the C-terminal tail (CTT) (PubMed:22579474, PubMed:22705373, PubMed:22728658, PubMed:22728660, PubMed:22728659). Following cGAMP-binding, the cyclic dinucleotide-binding domain (CBD) is closed, leading to a 180 degrees rotation of the CBD domain relative to the transmembrane domain. This rotation is coupled to a conformational change in a loop on the side of the CBD dimer, which leads to the formation of the STING1 tetramer and higher-order oligomers through side-by-side packing (By similarity). The N-terminal part of the CBD region was initially though to contain a fifth transmembrane region (TM5) but is part of the folded, soluble CBD (PubMed:22579474, PubMed:22705373, PubMed:22728658, PubMed:22728660, PubMed:22728659).
  • The pLxIS motif constitutes an IRF3-binding motif: following phosphorylation by TBK1, the phosphorylated pLxIS motif of STING1 recruits IRF3 (PubMed:25636800). IRF3 is then phosphorylated and activated by TBK1 to induce type-I interferons and other cytokines (PubMed:25636800).
Family:
  • Belongs to the STING family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with STING1: view

Function for STING1 Gene

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Molecular function for STING1 Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Facilitator of innate immune signaling that acts as a sensor of cytosolic DNA from bacteria and viruses and promotes the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) (PubMed:18724357, PubMed:18818105, PubMed:19433799, PubMed:19776740, PubMed:23027953, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:23747010, PubMed:30842659). Innate immune response is triggered in response to non-CpG double-stranded DNA from viruses and bacteria delivered to the cytoplasm (PubMed:26300263). Acts by binding cyclic dinucleotides: recognizes and binds cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP), a second messenger produced by bacteria, and cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a messenger produced by CGAS in response to DNA virus in the cytosol (PubMed:21947006, PubMed:23258412, PubMed:23707065, PubMed:23722158, PubMed:26229117, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:23747010, PubMed:30842659). Upon binding of c-di-GMP or cGAMP, STING1 oligomerizes, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum and is phosphorylated by TBK1 on the pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment and subsequent activation of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent anti-viral state (PubMed:22394562, PubMed:25636800, PubMed:30842653). In addition to promote the production of type I interferons, plays a direct role in autophagy (PubMed:30568238, PubMed:30842662). Following cGAMP-binding, STING1 buds from the endoplasmic reticulum into COPII vesicles, which then form the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) (PubMed:30842662). The ERGIC serves as the membrane source for WIPI2 recruitment and LC3 lipidation, leading to formation of autophagosomes that target cytosolic DNA or DNA viruses for degradation by the lysosome (PubMed:30842662). The autophagy- and interferon-inducing activities can be uncoupled and autophagy induction is independent of TBK1 phosphorylation (PubMed:30568238, PubMed:30842662). Autophagy is also triggered upon infection by bacteria: following c-di-GMP-binding, which is produced by live Gram-positive bacteria, promotes reticulophagy (By similarity). Exhibits 2',3' phosphodiester linkage-specific ligand recognition: can bind both 2'-3' linked cGAMP (2'-3'-cGAMP) and 3'-3' linked cGAMP but is preferentially activated by 2'-3' linked cGAMP (PubMed:26300263, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:23747010). The preference for 2'-3'-cGAMP, compared to other linkage isomers is probably due to the ligand itself, whichs adopts an organized free-ligand conformation that resembles the STING1-bound conformation and pays low energy costs in changing into the active conformation (PubMed:26150511). May be involved in translocon function, the translocon possibly being able to influence the induction of type I interferons (PubMed:18724357). May be involved in transduction of apoptotic signals via its association with the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) (By similarity).
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
(Microbial infection) Antiviral activity is antagonized by oncoproteins, such as papillomavirus (HPV) protein E7 and adenovirus early E1A protein (PubMed:26405230). Such oncoproteins prevent the ability to sense cytosolic DNA (PubMed:26405230).
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
Activated upon binding to the hydrolysis-resistant 2'3'-cG(s)A(s)MP, an analog of cGAMP, in which phosphodiester linkages are replaced by phosphothioate linkages (PubMed:25344812). In contrast to mouse protein, not activated by anticancer molecule 5,6-dimethylxanthenone 4-acetic acid (DMXAA) (PubMed:26669264, PubMed:23910378, PubMed:25199835). Inhibited by compound 18 ([(3s,4s)-2-(4-Tert-Butyl-3-Chlorophenyl)-3-(2,3- Dihydro-1,4-Benzodioxin-6-Yl)-7-Fluoro-1-Oxo-1,2,3,4- Tetrahydroisoquinolin-4-Yl]acetate), a competitive inhibitor with slow dissociation kinetics and good oral bioavailability (PubMed:30655953).

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for STING1 Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for STING1 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0000166 nucleotide binding IEA --
GO:0005515 protein binding IPI 18724357
GO:0008134 transcription factor binding IDA 18818105
GO:0019901 protein kinase binding IDA,IPI 21074459
GO:0031625 ubiquitin protein ligase binding IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with STING1: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with STING1: view

Human Phenotype Ontology for STING1 Gene

HPO Id HPO Name Alternative Ids Definition Synonyms

Animal Models for STING1 Gene

MGI Knock Outs for STING1:

Animal Models for research

Inhibitory RNAs for research

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for STING1

Clone products for research

No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for STING1 Gene

Localization for STING1 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for STING1 Gene

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Multi-pass membrane protein. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane. Multi-pass membrane protein. Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome membrane. Multi-pass membrane protein. Mitochondrion outer membrane. Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell membrane. Multi-pass membrane protein. Note=In response to double-stranded DNA stimulation, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum through the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment and Golgi to post-Golgi vesicles, where the kinase TBK1 is recruited (PubMed:19433799, PubMed:30842659, PubMed:30842653, PubMed:29694889). Upon cGAMP-binding, translocates to the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) in a process that is dependent on COPII vesicles; STING1-containing ERGIC serves as a membrane source for LC3 lipidation, which is a key step in autophagosome biogenesis (PubMed:30842662). {ECO:0000269 PubMed:19433799, ECO:0000269 PubMed:29694889, ECO:0000269 PubMed:30842653, ECO:0000269 PubMed:30842659, ECO:0000269 PubMed:30842662}.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for STING1 gene
Compartment Confidence
plasma membrane 5
endosome 5
mitochondrion 4
nucleus 4
cytosol 4
peroxisome 3
golgi apparatus 3
extracellular 2
endoplasmic reticulum 2
lysosome 2
cytoskeleton 1

Subcellular locations from the

Human Protein Atlas (HPA)
  • Cytosol (3)
  • Nucleoplasm (1)
See all subcellular structures

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for STING1 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0000421 autophagosome membrane IEA --
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm IDA --
GO:0005737 cytoplasm IEA --
GO:0005739 mitochondrion IEA --
GO:0005741 mitochondrial outer membrane IEA,IDA 18818105
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with STING1: view

Pathways & Interactions for STING1 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with STING1: view

SIGNOR curated interactions for STING1 Gene

Activates:
Is activated by:

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for STING1 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0000045 autophagosome assembly IBA,IDA 30568238
GO:0002218 activation of innate immune response IEA,IMP 18818105
GO:0002230 positive regulation of defense response to virus by host IMP 18818105
GO:0002376 immune system process IEA --
GO:0006914 autophagy IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with STING1: view

Drugs & Compounds for STING1 Gene

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No Compound Related Data Available

Transcripts for STING1 Gene

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mRNA/cDNA for STING1 Gene

3 REFSEQ mRNAs :
18 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
23 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :

Inhibitory RNAs for research

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for STING1

Clone products for research

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for STING1 Gene

No ASD Table

Relevant External Links for STING1 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
STING1

Expression for STING1 Gene

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Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for STING1

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for STING1 Gene:

Hs.379754

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for STING1 Gene:

Q86WV6-STING_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Ubiquitously expressed. Expressed in skin endothelial cells, alveolar type 2 pneumocytes, bronchial epithelium and alveolar macrophages.

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for STING1 Gene

  • Lung(4.6)
  • Liver(4.4)
  • Spleen(2.9)
  • Nervous system(2.9)
  • Lymph node(2.8)
  • Blood(2.8)
  • Bone marrow(2.6)
  • Heart(2.6)
  • Intestine(2.5)
  • Kidney(2.4)
  • Muscle(2.4)
  • Skin(2.2)

Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for STING1 Gene

Germ Layers:
  • ectoderm
  • endoderm
  • mesoderm
Systems:
  • cardiovascular
  • immune
  • integumentary
  • lymphatic
  • nervous
  • respiratory
Regions:
Head and neck:
  • brain
  • head
Thorax:
  • lung
Limb:
  • digit
  • finger
  • foot
  • hand
  • lower limb
  • nail
  • toe
  • upper limb
General:
  • blood
  • blood vessel
  • bone marrow
  • coagulation system
  • hair
  • red blood cell
  • skin
  • sweat gland
  • white blood cell

Primer products for research

No data available for mRNA expression in normal human tissues , mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery , mRNA differential expression in normal tissues , Protein differential expression in normal tissues , Protein expression and Protein tissue co-expression partners for STING1 Gene

Orthologs for STING1 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for STING1 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia TMEM173 29 30
  • 99.38 (n)
 OneToOne
Cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia TMEM173 29 30
  • 85.46 (n)
 OneToOne
Dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia TMEM173 29 30
  • 84.05 (n)
 OneToOne
Rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Tmem173 29
  • 77.25 (n)
Mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Tmem173 29 30
  • 76.92 (n)
 OneToOne
Sting1 16
Oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia TMEM173 30
  • 62 (a)
 OneToOne
Platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia TMEM173 30
  • 40 (a)
 OneToOne
Chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves TMEM173 29 30
  • 56.33 (n)
 OneToOne
Lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia TMEM173 30
  • 39 (a)
 OneToOne
Tropical Clawed Frog
(Silurana tropicalis)
 Amphibia tmem173 29
  • 51.46 (n)
Zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii tmem173 29 30
  • 47.85 (n)
 OneToOne
Species where no ortholog for STING1 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • Corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
  • Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
  • Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • Pig (Sus scrofa)
  • Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • Rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
  • Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • Soybean (Glycine max)
  • Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
  • Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)

Evolution for STING1 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for STING1 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for STING1 (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for STING1: view image
Alliance of Genome Resources:
Additional Orthologs for STING1

Paralogs for STING1 Gene

No data available for Paralogs for STING1 Gene

Variants for STING1 Gene

Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for STING1 Gene

SNP ID Clinical significance and condition Chr 05 pos Variation AA Info Type
1003690 Uncertain Significance: Sting-associated vasculopathy, infantile-onset 139,477,390(-) A/T
NM_198282.4(STING1):c.885T>A (p.Leu295=) 		SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT,INTRON
1004421 Uncertain Significance: Sting-associated vasculopathy, infantile-onset 139,478,482(-) T/G
NM_198282.4(STING1):c.547A>C (p.Asn183His) 		MISSENSE
1006128 Uncertain Significance: Sting-associated vasculopathy, infantile-onset 139,478,340(-) CC/GA
NM_198282.4(STING1):c.688_689delinsTC (p.Gly230Ser) 		MISSENSE
1007660 Uncertain Significance: Sting-associated vasculopathy, infantile-onset 139,481,234(-) C/T
NM_198282.4(STING1):c.336G>A (p.Ala112=) 		SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT,FIVE_PRIME_UTR
1009095 Uncertain Significance: Sting-associated vasculopathy, infantile-onset 139,481,703(-) A/G
NM_198282.4(STING1):c.2T>C (p.Met1Thr) 		INITIATIOR_CODON_VARIANT,MISSENSE_VARIANT,INTRON

dbSNP identifiers (rs#s) for variants without ClinVar clinical significance for STING1 Gene

All consequence types are included: molecular consequences (e.g. missense, synonymous), and location-based (e.g. intron, upstream).

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for STING1 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
nsv516200 CNV loss 19592680
nsv519808 CNV loss 19592680

Variation tolerance for STING1 Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 81.6% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 12.88; 94.85% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for STING1 Gene

SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
STING1
Leiden Open Variation Database (LOVD)
STING1

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for STING1 Gene

Disorders for STING1 Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(11) MalaCards diseases for STING1 Gene - From: OMI, CVR, GTR, ORP, SWI, COP, and GCD

- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

STING_HUMAN
  • STING-associated vasculopathy, infantile-onset (SAVI) [MIM:615934]: An autoinflammatory disease characterized by early-onset systemic inflammation and cutaneous vasculopathy, resulting in severe skin lesions. Violaceous, scaling lesions of fingers, toes, nose, cheeks and ears progress to acral necrosis in most of the patients. Some patients have severe interstitial lung disease. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:25029335, ECO:0000269 PubMed:25401470, ECO:0000269 PubMed:30842659}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Additional Disease Information for STING1

Atlas
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Open Targets Platform
Open Targets Platform
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with STING1: view

No data available for Genatlas for STING1 Gene

Publications for STING1 Gene

  1. Activated STING in a vascular and pulmonary syndrome. (PMID: 25029335) Liu Y … Goldbach-Mansky R (The New England journal of medicine 2014) 3 4 72
  2. STING is a direct innate immune sensor of cyclic di-GMP. (PMID: 21947006) Burdette DL … Vance RE (Nature 2011) 2 3 4
  3. Autophagy induction via STING trafficking is a primordial function of the cGAS pathway. (PMID: 30842662) Gui X … Chen ZJ (Nature 2019) 3 4
  4. STING directly activates autophagy to tune the innate immune response. (PMID: 30568238) Liu D … Chen Q (Cell death and differentiation 2019) 3 4
  5. Cryo-EM structures of STING reveal its mechanism of activation by cyclic GMP-AMP. (PMID: 30842659) Shang G … Zhang X (Nature 2019) 3 4

ExternalLinks

View latest publications for STING1 gene in Mastermind

Products for STING1 Gene

Sources for STING1 Gene