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Aliases for SLC31A2 Gene
Aliases for SLC31A2 Gene
External Ids for SLC31A2 Gene
- HGNC: 11017
- Entrez Gene: 1318
- Ensembl: ENSG00000136867
- OMIM: 603088
- UniProtKB: O15432
Previous HGNC Symbols for SLC31A2 Gene
- COPT2
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for SLC31A2 Gene
- GC09P106711
- GC09P107645
- GC09P109366
- GC09P111289
- GC09P112992
- GC09P114953
- GC09P115913
- GC09P085521
Summaries for SLC31A2 Gene
GeneCards Summary for SLC31A2 Gene
SLC31A2 (Solute Carrier Family 31 Member 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with SLC31A2 include Cone-Rod Dystrophy 2 and Noonan Syndrome 3. Among its related pathways are Copper homeostasis. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include copper ion transmembrane transporter activity. An important paralog of this gene is SLC31A1.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for SLC31A2 Gene
-
Involved in low-affinity copper uptake.
Additional gene information for SLC31A2 Gene
- HGNC(11017)
- Entrez Gene(1318)
- Ensembl(ENSG00000136867)
- OMIM(603088)
- UniProtKB(O15432)
- Open Targets Platform(ENSG00000136867)
- Search for SLC31A2 at DataMed
- Search for SLC31A2 at HumanCyc
No data available for Entrez Gene Summary , CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for SLC31A2 Gene
Genomics for SLC31A2 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs
Promoters and enhancers for SLC31A2 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around SLC31A2 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for SLC31A2
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the SLC31A2 gene promoter:
-
- AML1a
- ATF6
- CREB
- deltaCREB
- MRF-2
- NF-kappaB
- NF-kappaB1
- Olf-1
- PPAR-gamma1
- RP58
Genomic Locations for SLC31A2 Gene
Genomic Locations for SLC31A2 Gene
- chr9:113,150,976-113,164,140
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 13,165 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
- chr9:115,913,222-115,926,422
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 13,201 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for SLC31A2 Gene
Genes around SLC31A2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 9q32 by HGNC
- 9q32 by Entrez Gene
- 9q32 by Ensembl
SLC31A2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for SLC31A2 Gene
Proteins for SLC31A2 Gene
-
Protein details for SLC31A2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- O15432-COPT2_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Probable low affinity copper uptake protein 2
- Protein Accession:
- O15432
Protein attributes for SLC31A2 Gene
- Size:
- 143 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 15681 Da
- Quaternary structure:
- No Data Available
Post-translational modifications for SLC31A2 Gene
Other Protein References for SLC31A2 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- Creative Diagnostics Rabbit anti-Human SLC31A2 Polyclonal antibody
- Creative Biolabs Mouse Anti-SLC31A2 Recombinant Antibody (11BA31)
-
Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for SLC31A2
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for SLC31A2
-
Abcam antibodies for SLC31A2
- Invitrogen Antibodies for SLC31A2 (AFLGC-SLC31A2)
-
Biorbyt antibodies for SLC31A2
- Sino Biological Antibodies for SLC31A2
Protein Products
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for SLC31A2
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for SLC31A2
- Origene Custom Protein Services for SLC31A2
- Novus Biologicals proteins for SLC31A2
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for SLC31A2 Gene
Domains & Families for SLC31A2 Gene
Gene Families for SLC31A2 Gene
- HGNC:
- IUPHAR :
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Predicted membrane proteins
- Transporters
Protein Domains for SLC31A2 Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
-
- Ctr copper transporter
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for SLC31A2 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- Solute carrier family 31 member 2 (COPT2_HUMAN)
- Solute carrier family 31 (Copper transporters), member 2 (Q53X94_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
O15432UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
COPT2_HUMAN :- Belongs to the copper transporter (Ctr) (TC 1.A.56) family. SLC31A subfamily.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the copper transporter (Ctr) (TC 1.A.56) family. SLC31A subfamily.
Function for SLC31A2 Gene
Molecular function for SLC31A2 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Involved in low-affinity copper uptake.
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- solute carrier family 31,copper uptake transport,low affinity,homolog to yeast ctr2,with an alternatively spliced form CTR2X,ubiquitously expressed
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for SLC31A2 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005375 | copper ion transmembrane transporter activity | TAS,IEA | -- |
Phenotypes for SLC31A2 Gene
Animal Model Products
-
Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for SLC31A2
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for SLC31A2 - Select products 50% OFF >
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-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for SLC31A2
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for SLC31A2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for SLC31A2
miRNA for SLC31A2 Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target SLC31A2
-
- mmu-miR-425-5p (MIRT008676)
- mmu-miR-34b-5p (MIRT012757)
- mmu-miR-9-5p (MIRT015415)
- hsa-miR-124-3p (MIRT022361)
- mmu-miR-669a-5p (MIRT580925)
- mmu-miR-669l-5p (MIRT580926)
- mmu-miR-669f-5p (MIRT580927)
- mmu-miR-669p-5p (MIRT580928)
- mmu-miR-466n-5p (MIRT580929)
- mmu-miR-466d-5p (MIRT580930)
- mmu-miR-466k (MIRT580931)
- mmu-miR-466l-5p (MIRT580932)
- mmu-miR-466i-5p (MIRT580933)
- mmu-miR-881-3p (MIRT580934)
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for SLC31A2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For SLC31A2
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for SLC31A2
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for SLC31A2 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * SLC31A2 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for SLC31A2
- Addgene plasmids for SLC31A2
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for SLC31A2
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for SLC31A2
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for SLC31A2 Gene
Localization for SLC31A2 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for SLC31A2 Gene
- Membrane. Multi-pass membrane protein.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| plasma membrane | 5 |
| nucleus | 3 |
| endosome | 3 |
| cytosol | 3 |
| extracellular | 2 |
| cytoskeleton | 2 |
| mitochondrion | 2 |
| lysosome | 2 |
| golgi apparatus | 2 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 1 |
- Intermediate filaments (2)
- Nuclear speckles (2)
- Plasma membrane (2)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005623 | cell | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005770 | late endosome | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0005887 | integral component of plasma membrane | TAS | 9207117 |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | IEA | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for SLC31A2 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Copper homeostasis | ||
Pathways by source for SLC31A2 Gene
1 BioSystems pathway for SLC31A2 Gene
Interacting Proteins for SLC31A2 Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
O15432-COPT2_HUMAN
ENSP00000259392
for SLC31A2 Gene via
UniProtKB
STRING
IID
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for SLC31A2
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006811 | ion transport | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006825 | copper ion transport | TAS | 9207117 |
| GO:0006878 | cellular copper ion homeostasis | IEA,IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0035434 | copper ion transmembrane transport | IEA | -- |
| GO:1902311 | regulation of copper ion transmembrane transport | IEA | -- |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for SLC31A2 Gene
Drugs & Compounds for SLC31A2 Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Copper | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Transporter | 249 | ||
| Carboplatin | Approved | Pharma | Transporter, substrate | Antitumor agent that forms platinum-DNA adducts., Platinum | 2588 | |
| Cisplatin | Approved | Pharma | Transporter, substrate | Inhibits DNA synthesis,chemotherapy drug, Potent pro-apoptotic anticancer agent; activates caspase-3, Platinum | 3412 |
Transcripts for SLC31A2 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for SLC31A2 Gene
- 1 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 9 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000259392 1723 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000374220 1750 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000490809 771 nts (view in UCSC)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for SLC31A2 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * SLC31A2 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for SLC31A2
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for SLC31A2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for SLC31A2
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for SLC31A2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For SLC31A2
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for SLC31A2
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for SLC31A2 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * SLC31A2 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for SLC31A2
- Addgene plasmids for SLC31A2
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for SLC31A2
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | · | 1c | · | 1d | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | ^ | 8a | · | 8b | · | 8c | ^ | 9a | · | 9b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP5: | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP6: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP7: | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP8: | - | - | - |
Relevant External Links for SLC31A2 Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- SLC31A2
Expression for SLC31A2 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
-
Blood (Hematopoietic System)
- Monocytes Peripheral Blood
-
Eye (Sensory Organs)
- Mature Rod Cells Outer Nuclear Layer
-
Neurons
- Mature Rod Cells Outer Nuclear Layer
- Kidney (Urinary System)
- Epidermis (Integumentary System)
- Hair
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for SLC31A2 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Whole Blood (x9.5) and Brain - Spinal cord (cervical c-1) (x4.3).
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for SLC31A2
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for SLC31A2 Gene:
Hs.24030mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for SLC31A2 Gene:
O15432-COPT2_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Ubiquitous.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for SLC31A2 Gene
- Nervous system(4.3)
- Skin(2.5)
- Kidney(2.4)
- Blood(2.4)
- Intestine(2.3)
- Liver(2.2)
- Heart(2.1)
- Muscle(2)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for SLC31A2
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for SLC31A2
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for Protein differential expression in normal tissues , Protein expression , Protein tissue co-expression partners and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for SLC31A2 Gene
Orthologs for SLC31A2 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | SLC31A2 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | SLC31A2 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | SLC31A2 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Slc31a2 30 |
|
||
| Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Slc31a2 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | SLC31A2 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | SLC31A2 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | SLC31A2 30 |
|
||
| Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | slc31a2 30 |
|
||
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | slc31a2 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | Ctr1B 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| Ctr1C 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| Ctr1A 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 31 |
|
OneToOne |
- Species where no ortholog for SLC31A2 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- Corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- Lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
- Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
- Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa)
- Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
- Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
- Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- Soybean (Glycine max)
- Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Evolution for SLC31A2 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for SLC31A2 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for SLC31A2 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for SLC31A2: view image
Paralogs for SLC31A2 Gene
Variants for SLC31A2 Gene
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| esv2759710 | CNV | gain | 17122850 |
| esv3621538 | CNV | loss | 21293372 |
| esv3891716 | CNV | loss | 25118596 |
| esv3891717 | CNV | loss | 25118596 |
| nsv1051654 | CNV | gain | 25217958 |
| nsv466507 | CNV | loss | 19166990 |
| nsv615212 | CNV | gain | 21841781 |
| nsv615213 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| nsv831691 | CNV | loss | 17160897 |
| nsv8563 | CNV | gain | 18304495 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
75.7% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
0.30;
6.68% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for SLC31A2 Gene
- SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
- SLC31A2
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for SLC31A2 Gene
Disorders for SLC31A2 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| cone-rod dystrophy 2 |
|
|
| noonan syndrome 3 |
|
|
Search SLC31A2 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for SLC31A2
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
- Open Targets Platform
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for SLC31A2 Gene
Publications for SLC31A2 Gene
- hCTR1: a human gene for copper uptake identified by complementation in yeast. (PMID: 9207117) Zhou B … Gitschier J (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997) 2 3 4 23
- Copper transporter 2 regulates the cellular accumulation and cytotoxicity of Cisplatin and Carboplatin. (PMID: 19509135) Blair BG … Howell SB (Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 2009) 3 23 26
- Ctr2 is partially localized to the plasma membrane and stimulates copper uptake in COS-7 cells. (PMID: 17944601) Bertinato J … L'abbé MR (The Biochemical journal 2008) 3 23
- Human copper transporter 2 is localized in late endosomes and lysosomes and facilitates cellular copper uptake. (PMID: 17617060) van den Berghe PV … Klomp LW (The Biochemical journal 2007) 3 23
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PMID: 15489334) Gerhard DS … MGC Project Team (Genome research 2004) 3 4
ExternalLinks
Products for SLC31A2 Gene
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for SLC31A2
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- High-throughput Antibody Production Service
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- Lentiviral ORF Clones
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for SLC31A2
- Novus Biologicals proteins for SLC31A2
- Browse Antibodies
- Browse Peptides and Proteins
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- Abcam antibodies for SLC31A2
- Find your target
- Browse Primary Antibodies
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- Browse ELISA Kits
- Browse Matched Antibody Pairs
- Browse Proteins and Peptides
- Search Knockout (KO) Validated Antibodies
- Browse Monoclonal Antibodies
- Browse Recombinant Antibodies
- Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for SLC31A2
- Find your next knockout model in the Taconic Knockout Repository
- Genetically Engineered Models Available Immediately
- Humanized Mice
- Invitrogen Antibodies for SLC31A2 (AFLGC-SLC31A2)
- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for SLC31A2 (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for SLC31A2 (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder CRISPR vectors for SLC31A2 (ie. knockout, knockin, CRISPRa, CRISPRi)
- VectorBuilder Virus packaging for SLC31A2 CRISPR vectors (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
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- antibodies-online: Show 27 available SLC31A2 Antibodies ranked by validation data
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- antibodies-online: Search results for available SLC31A2 related products ranked by validation data
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- Biorbyt antibodies for SLC31A2
Sources for SLC31A2 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
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