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This gene encodes a retinoic acid receptor that belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) act as ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators. When bound to ligands, RARs activate transcription by binding as heterodimers to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) found in the promoter regions of the target genes. In their unbound form, RARs repress transcription of their target genes. RARs are involved in various biological processes, including limb bud development, skeletal growth, and matrix homeostasis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
RARG (Retinoic Acid Receptor Gamma) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with RARG include Embryonal Carcinoma and Exfoliative Ichthyosis. Among its related pathways are Signaling by GPCR and Apoptotic Pathways in Synovial Fibroblasts. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include DNA-binding transcription factor activity and RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding. An important paralog of this gene is RARB.
Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) are nuclear hormone receptors of the NR1B class, which function as heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs). There are three distinct RAR subtypes: RARalpha, present in most tissue types; and RARbeta and RARgamma, with more selective expression.
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0000978 | RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding | IBA | 21873635 |
GO:0000981 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific | ISA | -- |
GO:0003677 | DNA binding | ISS | -- |
GO:0003682 | chromatin binding | IEA | -- |
GO:0003700 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity | ISS | -- |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0000785 | chromatin | IDA,ISA | -- |
GO:0005634 | nucleus | IDA,ISS | -- |
GO:0005654 | nucleoplasm | TAS | -- |
GO:0005667 | transcription factor complex | ISS | -- |
GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA | -- |
SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | PEDF Induced Signaling |
all-trans-Retinoic Acid Signaling in Brain
.71
|
RAR-Gamma-RXR-Alpha Degradation
.62
|
2 | Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 | ||
3 | Gene Expression |
.48
|
|
4 | Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway | ||
5 | Mesodermal Commitment Pathway |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | ISS | -- |
GO:0001843 | neural tube closure | IEA | -- |
GO:0002063 | chondrocyte development | IEA | -- |
GO:0002068 | glandular epithelial cell development | IEA | -- |
GO:0003417 | growth plate cartilage development | IEA | -- |
Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adapalene | Approved | Pharma | Target, agonist, binder | RAR尾 and RAR纬 agonist | 90 | |
Tazarotene | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Target, agonist, binder | Topical retinoid;antiproliferative;inducer of TIG3 tumor suppressor | 49 | |
Tretinoin | Approved, Investigational | Nutra | Agonist, Target, binder | 286 | ||
Acitretin | Approved | Pharma | Target, agonist | Metabolite of etretinate | 33 | |
Alitretinoin | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Agonist, Target | 18 |
Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
retinoic acid |
|
302-79-4 |
|
|||
EC 23 |
|
104561-41-3 |
|
|
||
Liarozole dihydrochloride |
|
|
|
Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
EC 23 | Synthetic retinoid; induces differentiation of stem cells | 104561-41-3 |
Isotretinoin | Endogenous agonist for retinoic acid receptors; inducer of neuronal differentiation | 4759-48-2 |
Liarozole dihydrochloride | Blocks retinoic acid metabolism | |
Retinoic acid | Endogenous retinoic acid receptor agonist | 302-79-4 |
TTNPB | Retinoic acid analog; RAR agonist | 71441-28-6 |
Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
Acitretin | Metabolite of etretinate | 55079-83-9 |
Acitretin sodium | 925701-88-8 | |
Adapalene | RAR尾 and RAR纬 agonist | 106685-40-9 |
Adarotene | Apoptosis inducer/DNA damage agent | 496868-77-0 |
AGN 194310 | pan-RAR antagonist | 229961-45-9 |
BMS 453 | RAR agonist | 166977-43-1 |
BMS 493 | Pan-RAR inverse agonist | 215030-90-3 |
BMS 961 | Selective RARγ agonist | 185629-22-5 |
CD 1530 | RARγ receptor agonist,potent and selective | 107430-66-0 |
CD 2665 | Selective RARβ/γ antagonist | 170355-78-9 |
CD 437 | RARγ-selective agonist,potent and cell-permeable | 125316-60-1 |
Ch 55 | 110368-33-7 | |
ER 50891 | 187400-85-7 | |
LE 135 | 155877-83-1 | |
MM 11253 | 345952-44-5 | |
Palovarotene | 410528-02-8 | |
Talarozole | Cytochrome P450 inhibitor | 201410-53-9 |
Tazarotene | Topical retinoid;antiproliferative;inducer of TIG3 tumor suppressor | 118292-40-3 |
Tretinoin (Aberela) | 302-79-4 | |
TTNPB (Arotinoid Acid) | Potent RAR agonist | 71441-28-6 |
Vitamin A Acetate | Unsaturated nutritional hydrocarbons | 127-47-9 |
ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | · | 1c | · | 1d | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4a | · | 4b | · | 4c | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | · | 5c | · | 5d | · | 5e | ^ | 6a | · | 6b | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | ^ | 8a | · | 8b | · | 8c | ^ | 9a | · | 9b | ^ | 10a | · | 10b | · | 10c | ^ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SP1: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP2: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP3: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP4: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP5: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP6: | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP7: | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP8: | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP9: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP10: | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP11: | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP12: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP13: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP14: |
ExUns: | 11 | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13a | · | 13b |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SP1: | |||||||
SP2: | |||||||
SP3: | |||||||
SP4: | |||||||
SP5: | |||||||
SP6: | |||||||
SP7: | |||||||
SP8: | |||||||
SP9: | |||||||
SP10: | |||||||
SP11: | |||||||
SP12: | |||||||
SP13: | |||||||
SP14: |
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | RARG 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | RARG 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | RARG 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Rarg 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Rarg 30 |
|
||
Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | RARG 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | RARG 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | LOC100485387 30 |
|
||
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | rargb 30 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
rarga 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | Eip75B 32 |
|
|
|
Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | sex-1 32 |
|
|
|
Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | CSA.8261 31 |
|
OneToMany |
SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 12 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs769476878 | Likely Benign: Irido-corneo-trabecular dysgenesis | 53,215,734(-) |
G/A NM_000966.6(RARG):c.245C>T (p.Pro82Leu) |
MISSENSE_VARIANT,INTRON | |
VAR_036061 | A breast cancer sample |
p.Gly430Ser |
|||
rs2229774 | - |
p.Ser427Leu |
Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|
embryonal carcinoma |
|
|
exfoliative ichthyosis |
|
|
rubella |
|
|
diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma |
|
|
nephrotic syndrome, type 3 |
|
|