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The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21, a gene involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, as well as in chromatid cohesion during mitosis. This protein is a nuclear phospho-protein, which becomes hyperphosphorylated in cell cycle M phase. The highly regulated association of this protein with mitotic chr... See more...
Aliases for RAD21 Gene
Aliases for RAD21 Gene
External Ids for RAD21 Gene
- HGNC: 9811
- Entrez Gene: 5885
- Ensembl: ENSG00000164754
- OMIM: 606462
- UniProtKB: O60216
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for RAD21 Gene
- GC08M117919
- GC08M117526
- GC08M117814
- GC08M117927
- GC08M113184
- GC08M117858
Summaries for RAD21 Gene
-
The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21, a gene involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, as well as in chromatid cohesion during mitosis. This protein is a nuclear phospho-protein, which becomes hyperphosphorylated in cell cycle M phase. The highly regulated association of this protein with mitotic chromatin specifically at the centromere region suggests its role in sister chromatid cohesion in mitotic cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
GeneCards Summary for RAD21 Gene
RAD21 (RAD21 Cohesin Complex Component) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with RAD21 include Cornelia De Lange Syndrome 4 and Mungan Syndrome. Among its related pathways are Metabolism of proteins and Mitotic Telophase/Cytokinesis. An important paralog of this gene is RAD21L1.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for RAD21 Gene
-
[Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog]: As a member of the cohesin complex, involved in sister chromatid cohesion from the time of DNA replication in S phase to their segregation in mitosis, a function that is essential for proper chromosome segregation, post-replicative DNA repair, and the prevention of inappropriate recombination between repetitive regions (PubMed:11509732). The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis (PubMed:11590136). In interphase, cohesins may function in the control of gene expression by binding to numerous sites within the genome (By similarity). May control RUNX1 gene expression (Probable). Binds to and represses APOB gene promoter (PubMed:25575569). May play a role in embryonic gut development, possibly through the regulation of enteric neuron development (By similarity).
-
[64-kDa C-terminal product]: May promote apoptosis.
Additional gene information for RAD21 Gene
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for RAD21 at DataMed
- Search for RAD21 at HumanCyc
No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for RAD21 Gene
Genomics for RAD21 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for RAD21 Gene
Promoters and enhancers for RAD21 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around RAD21 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for RAD21
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the RAD21 gene promoter:
-
- Evi-1
- FOXF2
- FOXJ2
- FOXJ2 (long isoform)
- POU2F1
- POU2F1a
- PPAR-alpha
- RFX1
Genomic Locations for RAD21 Gene
Genomic Locations for RAD21 Gene
- chr8:116,845,934-116,874,866
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 28,933 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr8:117,858,173-117,887,105
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 28,933 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for RAD21 Gene
Genes around RAD21 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 8q24.11 by HGNC
- 8q24.11 by Entrez Gene
- 8q24.11 by Ensembl
RAD21 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for RAD21 Gene
Proteins for RAD21 Gene
-
Protein details for RAD21 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- O60216-RAD21_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog
- Protein Accession:
- O60216
- A8K0E0
- Q15001
- Q99568
Protein attributes for RAD21 Gene
- Size:
- 631 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 71690 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Component of the cohesin complex, which consists of an SMC1A/B and SMC3 heterodimer core and 2 non-Smc subunits RAD21 and STAG1/SA1, STAG2/SA2 or STAG3/SA3 (PubMed:10931856, PubMed:11590136, PubMed:22628566, PubMed:25575569). The cohesin complex interacts with NUMA1 (PubMed:11590136). The cohesin complex also interacts with CDCA5, PDS5A and PDS5B; this interaction might regulate the ability of the cohesin complex to mediate sister chromatid cohesion (PubMed:15837422). The interaction with PDS5B is direct and is stimulated by STAG1/SA1 (PubMed:19696148). The cohesin complex interacts with the cohesin loading complex subunits NIPBL/Scc2 (via HEAT repeats) and MAU2/Scc4 (PubMed:22628566). The cohesin complex interacts with DDX11/ChIR1 (PubMed:17105772). Directly interacts with WAPL; this interaction is stimulated by STAG1/SA1 (PubMed:19696148).
- SequenceCaution:
-
- Sequence=BAA07554.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Extended N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
Protein Expression for RAD21 Gene
Post-translational modifications for RAD21 Gene
- Cleaved by separase/ESPL1 at the onset of anaphase; this cleavage is required for sister chromatid separation and cytokinesis (PubMed:11509732). Cleaved by caspase-3/CASP3 or caspase-7/CASP7 at the beginning of apoptosis (PubMed:12417729, PubMed:11875078).
- Phosphorylated; becomes hyperphosphorylated in M phase of cell cycle. The large dissociation of cohesin from chromosome arms during prophase may be partly due to its phosphorylation by PLK1.
-
Ubiquitination at Lys70, Lys72, Lys86, Lys364, Lys371, Lys387, Lys573, and Lys605
- NX_O60216 (NX_O60216-1)
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
Other Protein References for RAD21 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- LifeSpan BioSciences RAD21 Monoclonal Antibody and RAD21 Antibody
- Creative Diagnostics Anti-RAD21 monoclonal antibody, clone 63B422
- Creative Biolabs Recombinant Anti-Human RAD21 Antibody
- GeneTex Anti-Rad21 antibody
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for RAD21
-
Abcam antibodies for RAD21
- Invitrogen Antibodies for RAD21 (AFLGC-RAD21)
- antibodies-online: Show 22 available RAD21 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top RAD21 Antibodies
-
Recommended
- 74 WB Antibodies (anti-human)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 2 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 1 IHC Antibody (anti-human)
- 1 IP Antibody (anti-human)
- 51 WB Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 1 IHC Antibody (anti-mouse)
- 1 IP Antibody (anti-mouse)
- 22 WB Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 1 IHC Antibody (anti-rat)
-
Biorbyt antibodies for RAD21
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for RAD21
Protein Products
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for RAD21
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for RAD21
- Origene Custom Protein Services for RAD21
-
Abcam proteins for RAD21
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for RAD21 Gene
Domains & Families for RAD21 Gene
Gene Families for RAD21 Gene
- HGNC:
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Cancer-related genes
- Disease related genes
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein Domains for RAD21 Gene
- InterPro:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for RAD21 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- cDNA FLJ40596 fis, clone THYMU2010831, highly similar to Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog (B3KUT8_HUMAN)
- SCC1 homolog (RAD21_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
O60216UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
RAD21_HUMAN :- The C-terminal part associates with the head of SMC1A, while the N-terminal part binds to the head of SMC3.
- Belongs to the rad21 family.
- Domain:
-
- The C-terminal part associates with the head of SMC1A, while the N-terminal part binds to the head of SMC3.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the rad21 family.
Function for RAD21 Gene
Molecular function for RAD21 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- [Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog]: As a member of the cohesin complex, involved in sister chromatid cohesion from the time of DNA replication in S phase to their segregation in mitosis, a function that is essential for proper chromosome segregation, post-replicative DNA repair, and the prevention of inappropriate recombination between repetitive regions (PubMed:11509732). The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis (PubMed:11590136). In interphase, cohesins may function in the control of gene expression by binding to numerous sites within the genome (By similarity). May control RUNX1 gene expression (Probable). Binds to and represses APOB gene promoter (PubMed:25575569). May play a role in embryonic gut development, possibly through the regulation of enteric neuron development (By similarity).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- [64-kDa C-terminal product]: May promote apoptosis.
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- yeast (S pombe),RAD21 homolog,highly expressed in testis,thymus,involved in nucleotide excision repair of ionizing radiation induced DNA double-strand break
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for RAD21 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003682 | chromatin binding | IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IEA,IPI | 12672959 |
Phenotypes for RAD21 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for RAD21:
- inferred from 3 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for RAD21:
-
- Effect on mitosis
- Dynamic nuclei (hole, folded or small irregular)
- Decreased HIV-1 infection
- Increased ID2::GFP protein expression
- Negative genetic interaction between PTEN-/- and PTEN+/+
- Upregulation of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway after WNT3A stimulation
- Decreased viability of wild-type and TP53 knockout cells, decreased TP53 protein expression ratio (wild-type / TP53 knockout cells)
- Decreased TP53 protein expression ratio (wild-type / TP53 knockout cells)
- Reduced mammosphere formation
- Decreased viability
- no effect
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- Increased cell death in breast cancer cell lines (MCF10A, MDA-MB-435)
- Decreased viability after Maraba virus infection
- Increased viability
- Increased transferrin (TF) endocytosis
- Synthetic lethal with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)
- Increased viability with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)
- Lamellipodia cells
- Increased replication of vaccinia virus (VACV)
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for RAD21 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * RAD21 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for RAD21
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for RAD21
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search for available RAD21 gRNA products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for RAD21
miRNA for RAD21 Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target RAD21
-
- hsa-mir-215-5p (MIRT024779)
- hsa-mir-192-5p (MIRT026196)
- hsa-mir-191-5p (MIRT045808)
- hsa-let-7a-5p (MIRT052491)
- hsa-mir-143-5p (MIRT469620)
- hsa-mir-3944-5p (MIRT469621)
- hsa-mir-4683 (MIRT469622)
- hsa-mir-6124 (MIRT469623)
- hsa-mir-3148 (MIRT469624)
- hsa-mir-107 (MIRT469625)
- hsa-mir-103a-3p (MIRT469626)
- hsa-mir-574-5p (MIRT469627)
- hsa-mir-875-3p (MIRT469628)
- hsa-mir-665 (MIRT469629)
- hsa-mir-4433a-3p (MIRT469630)
- hsa-mir-383-3p (MIRT469631)
- hsa-mir-6715a-3p (MIRT469632)
- hsa-mir-648 (MIRT469633)
- hsa-mir-4433b-3p (MIRT469634)
- hsa-mir-6888-5p (MIRT469635)
- hsa-mir-383-5p (MIRT469636)
- hsa-mir-122-5p (MIRT469637)
- hsa-mir-4428 (MIRT513723)
- hsa-mir-92b-3p (MIRT726796)
- hsa-mir-32-5p (MIRT726797)
- hsa-mir-92a-3p (MIRT726798)
- hsa-mir-17-5p (MIRT734736)
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for RAD21
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For RAD21
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for RAD21
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search for available RAD21 shRNA products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for RAD21 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * RAD21 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for RAD21
- Addgene plasmids for RAD21
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for RAD21
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search for available RAD21 CDNA products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
- orf clones - Search for available RAD21 ORF products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Animal Models , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for RAD21 Gene
Localization for RAD21 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for RAD21 Gene
- [Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog]: Nucleus. Nucleus matrix. Chromosome. Chromosome, centromere. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle pole. Note=Associates with chromatin (PubMed:11590136, PubMed:11073952). Before prophase, scattered along chromosome arms (PubMed:11073952). During prophase and prometaphase, most cohesins dissociate from the arms of condensing chromosome, possibly through PLK1-mediated phosphorylation (PubMed:11931760). A small amount of cohesin remains in centromeric regions and is removed from chromosomes only at the onset of anaphase. At anaphase, cleavage by separase/ESPL1 leads to the dissociation of cohesin from chromosomes and chromosome separation (PubMed:11073952, PubMed:11509732). {ECO:0000269 PubMed:11073952, ECO:0000269 PubMed:11509732, ECO:0000269 PubMed:11590136, ECO:0000269 PubMed:11931760}.
- [64-kDa C-terminal product]: Cytoplasm, cytosol. Nucleus.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| nucleus | 5 |
| cytoskeleton | 4 |
| cytosol | 4 |
| plasma membrane | 1 |
| extracellular | 1 |
| mitochondrion | 1 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 1 |
| lysosome | 1 |
- Nucleoplasm (4)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000775 | chromosome, centromeric region | TAS | -- |
| GO:0000785 | chromatin | IEA | -- |
| GO:0000794 | condensed nuclear chromosome | IEA | -- |
| GO:0000922 | spindle pole | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | IEA | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for RAD21 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cell Cycle, Mitotic |
.83
|
.60
|
| 2 | Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase |
.94
|
|
| 3 | SUMOylation |
.95
|
|
| 4 | Mitotic Telophase/Cytokinesis | ||
| 5 | CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 |
.78
|
|
Pathways by source for RAD21 Gene
19 Reactome pathways for RAD21 Gene
1 KEGG pathway for RAD21 Gene
1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathway for RAD21 Gene
- Cell cycle_Spindle assembly and chromosome separation
2 Cell Signaling Technology pathways for RAD21 Gene
Interacting Proteins for RAD21 Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
O60216-RAD21_HUMAN
ENSP00000297338
for RAD21 Gene via
UniProtKB
MINT
STRING
IID
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for RAD21
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006281 | DNA repair | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006302 | double-strand break repair | TAS,IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0006310 | DNA recombination | TAS | 8812457 |
| GO:0006357 | regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | IDA | 19468298 |
| GO:0006915 | apoptotic process | IEA | -- |
Transcripts for RAD21 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for RAD21 Gene
- 1 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 9 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 10 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000297338 3749 bps (ENST00000297338.6)
- ENST00000517485 874 bps (ENST00000517485.5)
- ENST00000517749 1003 bps (ENST00000517749.1)
- ENST00000518055 896 bps (ENST00000518055.1)
- ENST00000519469 549 bps (ENST00000519469.1)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for RAD21 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * RAD21 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for RAD21
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for RAD21
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search for available RAD21 gRNA products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for RAD21
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for RAD21
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For RAD21
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for RAD21
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search for available RAD21 shRNA products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for RAD21 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * RAD21 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for RAD21
- Addgene plasmids for RAD21
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for RAD21
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search for available RAD21 CDNA products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
- orf clones - Search for available RAD21 ORF products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
| ExUns: | 1 | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3a | · | 3b | · | 3c | · | 3d | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5 | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | · | 7c | ^ | 8a | · | 8b | ^ | 9a | · | 9b | · | 9c | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11 | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13 | ^ | 14a | · | 14b | · | 14c | ^ | 15a | · | 15b | ^ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP5: | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP6: | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP7: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP8: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP9: |
| ExUns: | 16a | · | 16b | ^ | 17a | · | 17b | · | 17c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | |||||||||
| SP2: | |||||||||
| SP3: | |||||||||
| SP4: | - | ||||||||
| SP5: | |||||||||
| SP6: | |||||||||
| SP7: | |||||||||
| SP8: | |||||||||
| SP9: |
Relevant External Links for RAD21 Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- RAD21
Expression for RAD21 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (14.2), Blymphocyte (11.3), and Tlymphocyte (6.6).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, MaxQB, and MOPED for RAD21 Gene
- Elite partner
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for RAD21
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for RAD21 Gene:
Hs.81848mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for RAD21 Gene:
O60216-RAD21_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Expressed in the gut (at protein level).
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for RAD21 Gene
- Nervous system(5)
- Liver(4.5)
- Bone marrow(4.4)
- Kidney(3)
- Intestine(2.9)
- Blood(2.3)
- Lung(2.3)
- Eye(2.2)
- Heart(2)
- Spleen(2)
Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for RAD21 Gene
Germ Layers:
- ectoderm
- endoderm
- mesoderm
Systems:
- cardiovascular
- digestive
- integumentary
- nervous
- reproductive
- respiratory
- skeletal muscle
- skeleton
- urinary
Regions:
Head and neck:
- brain
- chin
- cranial nerve
- ear
- eye
- eyelid
- face
- forehead
- head
- inner ear
- jaw
- larynx
- lip
- mandible
- maxilla
- middle ear
- mouth
- neck
- nose
- outer ear
- pharynx
- scalp
- skull
- tooth
- vocal cord
Thorax:
- breast
- chest wall
- clavicle
- diaphragm
- esophagus
- heart
- lung
- rib
- rib cage
- scapula
- sternum
Abdomen:
- abdominal wall
- intestine
- kidney
- large intestine
- liver
- small intestine
- stomach
Pelvis:
- pelvis
- penis
- testicle
- ureter
- urethra
- urinary bladder
- uterus
- vulva
Limb:
- ankle
- arm
- digit
- elbow
- femur
- fibula
- finger
- foot
- forearm
- hand
- hip
- humerus
- knee
- lower limb
- radius
- shin
- shoulder
- thigh
- tibia
- toe
- ulna
- upper limb
- wrist
General:
- blood
- blood vessel
- coagulation system
- hair
- peripheral nervous system
- skin
- spinal column
- vertebrae
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for RAD21
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for RAD21
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search for available RAD21 Primer products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery and mRNA differential expression in normal tissues for RAD21 Gene
Orthologs for RAD21 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | RAD21 31 30 |
|
OneToOne | |
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | RAD21 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | RAD21 31 30 |
|
OneToOne | |
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | RAD21 31 30 |
|
OneToOne | |
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Rad21 30 |
|
||
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Rad21 17 31 30 |
|
||
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | RAD21 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | RAD21 31 30 |
|
OneToOne | |
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | RAD21 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | rad21 30 |
|
||
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | Xl.6046 30 |
|
||
| zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | rad21a 31 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| rad21b 31 30 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| rad21 30 |
|
||||
| African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | AgaP_AGAP004560 30 |
|
||
| fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | vtd 31 30 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Rad21 32 |
|
|
|||
| worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | scc-1 31 32 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| coh-1 31 32 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| sea squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Cin.2469 30 |
|
||||
| sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis) |
Ascidiacea | Cin.2469 30 |
|
- Species where no ortholog for RAD21 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Evolution for RAD21 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for RAD21 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for RAD21 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for RAD21: view image
Paralogs for RAD21 Gene
(2) SIMAP similar genes for RAD21 Gene using alignment to 8 proteins:
- RAD21_HUMAN
- E5RFV8_HUMAN
- E5RFZ5_HUMAN
- E5RG18_HUMAN
- E5RI01_HUMAN
- E5RIN7_HUMAN
- E5RJK5_HUMAN
- E5RJW1_HUMAN
Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for RAD21 Gene
Variants for RAD21 Gene
Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for RAD21 Gene
| SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 08 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 668613 | Benign: not provided | 116,858,136(-) | A/G | INTRON_VARIANT | |
| 669106 | Benign: not provided | 116,849,277(-) | T/C | INTRON_VARIANT | |
| 669108 | Benign: not provided | 116,847,913(-) | T/C | INTRON_VARIANT | |
| 670486 | Benign: not provided | 116,866,452(-) | C/T | INTRON_VARIANT | |
| 675063 | Benign: not provided | 116,857,221(-) | A/G | INTRON_VARIANT |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
8.31% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
1.82;
34.21% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for RAD21 Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for RAD21 Gene
Disorders for RAD21 Gene
(17) MalaCards diseases for RAD21 Gene - From: UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, OMIM, ClinVar, GTR, Orphanet, DISEASES, and GeneCards
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| cornelia de lange syndrome 4 |
|
|
| mungan syndrome |
|
|
| cornelia de lange syndrome |
|
|
| cornelia de lange syndrome 1 |
|
|
| tl antigen |
|
|
Search RAD21 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
RAD21_HUMAN- Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 (CDLS4) [MIM:614701]: A form of Cornelia de Lange syndrome, a clinically heterogeneous developmental disorder associated with malformations affecting multiple systems. It is characterized by facial dysmorphisms, abnormal hands and feet, growth delay, cognitive retardation, hirsutism, gastroesophageal dysfunction and cardiac, ophthalmologic and genitourinary anomalies. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:22633399}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
- Mungan syndrome (MGS) [MIM:611376]: An autosomal recessive disease characterized by visceral neuromyopathy, intestinal dysmotility and chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction, megaduodenum, long-segment Barrett esophagus, and a variety of cardiac valve or septal defects such as membranous ventricular septal defect, pulmonary and tricuspid valve regurgitation. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:25575569}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Additional Disease Information for RAD21
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
No data available for Genatlas for RAD21 Gene
Publications for RAD21 Gene
- Cohesin cleavage by separase required for anaphase and cytokinesis in human cells. (PMID: 11509732) Hauf S … Peters JM (Science (New York, N.Y.) 2001) 3 4 23 54
- Human chromatid cohesin component hRad21 is phosphorylated in M phase and associated with metaphase centromeres. (PMID: 11073952) Hoque MT … Ishikawa F (The Journal of biological chemistry 2001) 3 4 23 54
- Novel DNA sequence variants in the hHR21 DNA repair gene in radiosensitive cancer patients. (PMID: 11483345) Severin DM … McKay M (International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics 2001) 3 4 23 54
- Sequence conservation of the rad21 Schizosaccharomyces pombe DNA double-strand break repair gene in human and mouse. (PMID: 8812457) McKay MJ … Hoeijmakers JH (Genomics 1996) 2 3 4 54
- Mutations in RAD21 disrupt regulation of APOB in patients with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. (PMID: 25575569) Bonora E … De Giorgio R (Gastroenterology 2015) 3 4 54
ExternalLinks
Products for RAD21 Gene
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for RAD21
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- OriGene Purified Proteins for RAD21
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for RAD21
- Origene Custom Protein Services for RAD21
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for RAD21
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For RAD21
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for RAD21
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for RAD21
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for RAD21
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Browse OriGene miRNA Products For RAD21
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for RAD21
- Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
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- Browse CRO Services
- High-throughput Antibody Production Service
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- Epitope Tag Antibodies & Reporter Protein Antibodies
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- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for RAD21
- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for RAD21
- Browse Antibodies
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- Abcam proteins for RAD21
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- Invitrogen Antibodies for RAD21 (AFLGC-RAD21)
- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for RAD21 (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for RAD21 (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder CRISPR vectors for RAD21 (ie. knockout, knockin, CRISPRa, CRISPRi)
- VectorBuilder Virus packaging for RAD21 CRISPR vectors (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder Stable cell line generation for RAD21
- Addgene plasmids for RAD21
- antibodies-online: Show 22 available RAD21 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top RAD21 Antibodies
- Recommended
- 74 WB Antibodies (anti-human)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 2 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 1 IHC Antibody (anti-human)
- 1 IP Antibody (anti-human)
- 51 WB Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 1 IHC Antibody (anti-mouse)
- 1 IP Antibody (anti-mouse)
- 22 WB Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 1 IHC Antibody (anti-rat)
- antibodies-online: Search results for available RAD21 related products ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Show 3 available RAD21 Proteins ranked by validation data
- Compare Top RAD21 Proteins
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for RAD21
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for RAD21 siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for RAD21
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search for available RAD21 CDNA products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
- orf clones - Search for available RAD21 ORF products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search for available RAD21 gRNA products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search for available RAD21 Primer products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search for available RAD21 shRNA products
- Overview of 117 available RAD21 gene related products
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for RAD21
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for RAD21
- Search GeneCopoeia for miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for RAD21
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for RAD21
- Biorbyt antibodies for RAD21
Sources for RAD21 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
- (45) GenBank
- (46) H-invDB
- (47) HORDE
- (48) HUGE
- (49) IMGT
- (50) Leiden
- (51) miRBase
- (52) DME
- (53) OriGene
- (54) PubMed
- (55) R&D Systems
- (56) TGDB
- (57) Tocris
- (58) Abcam
- (59) Novus Biologicals
- (60) ProSpec
- (61) Sino Biological
- (62) GenScript
- (63) Qiagen
- (64) OCA
- (65) Proteopedia
- (66) MOPED
- (67) neXtProt
- (68) Reactome
- (69) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (70) DISEASES
- (71) SIMAP
- (72) GenomeRNAi
- (73) LifeMap
- (74) miRTarBase
- (75) MalaCards
- (76) Invitrogen
- (77) BitterDB
- (78) ESI-BIO
- (79) RefSeq
- (80) BioSystems
- (81) MaxQB
- (82) IUPHAR
- (83) BioGPS
- (84) Illumina
- (85) COMPARTMENTS
- (86) HOMER
- (87) PaxDb
- (88) ApexBio
- (89) Addgene
- (90) antibodies-online
- (91) CYP
- (92) NONCODE
- (93) TreeFam
- (94) PathCards
- (95) GeneReviews
- (96) GeneTex
- (97) Taconic Biosciences
- (98) GTEx
- (99) ProteomicsDB
- (100) SCBT
- (101) DGIdb
- (102) ClinicalTrials
- (103) RVIS
- (104) SIGNOR
- (105) diseasecard
- (106) NIH Rare Diseases
- (107) Orphanet
- (108) UMLS
- (109) GTR
- (110) Disease Ontology
- (111) Genetics Home Reference
- (112) MeSH
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- (114) CDC
- (115) NINDS
- (116) NCBI Bookshelf
- (117) ClinVar
- (118) Gene Damage Index
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- (123) ENCODE
- (124) ProSci
- (125) Horizon
- (126) The Signaling Pathways Project (SPP)
- (127) IID
- (128) VectorBuilder
- (129) SNPedia
- (130) BRCA Exchange
- (131) CIViC
- (132) ProteoGenix
- (133) dbSUPER
- (134) TISSUES
- (135) Gene ORGANizer
- (136) abm
- (137) Human Protein Atlas
- (138) GWAS Catalog
- (139) Monarch Initiative
- (140) DataMed
- (141) HumanCyc
- (142) genomics-online
- (143) UCNEbase
- (144) EPDnew
- (145) Applied Biosystems
- (146) GlyConnect
- (147) Aminode
- (148) GeneCopoeia
- (149) GPS-Prot
- (150) RNACentral
- (151) LncRNADisease
- (152) LOVD
- (153) miR2Disease
- (154) DiseaseEnhancer
- (155) Boster Bio
- (156) Biorbyt
- (157) Biocompare
- (158) Mastermind
- (159) CTD^2 Dashboard
- (160) CraniofacialAtlas
- (161) GeneImprint
- (162) Synthego
- (163) Bio Basic
- (164) ENA
- (165) GtRNAdb
- (166) LncBase
- (167) LncBook
- (168) LNCipedia
- (169) LncRNAdb
- (170) Modomics
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- (173) SILVA
- (174) snOPY
- (175) SRPDB
- (176) GENCODE
- (177) TarBase
- (178) MyBioSource
- (179) Signalway Antibody