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Protein phosphatase 2A is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases and is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. Protein phosphatase 2A holoenzymes are heterotrimeric proteins composed of a structural subunit A, a catalytic subunit C, and a regulatory subunit B. The regulatory subunit is encoded by a diverse set of genes that have been grouped into the B/PR55, B'/PR61, and B''/PR72 families. These different regulatory subunits confer distinct enzymatic specificities and intracellular localizations to the holozenzyme. The product of this gene belongs to the B' family. This gene encodes a specific phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activator of the dimeric form of protein phosphatase 2A. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
PTPA (Protein Phosphatase 2 Phosphatase Activator) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PTPA include Leukodystrophy, Hypomyelinating, 12 and Breast Disease. Among its related pathways are Beta-Adrenergic Signaling and ERK Signaling.
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0000166 | nucleotide binding | IEA | -- |
GO:0003755 | peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity | IEA,IBA | 21873635 |
GO:0005102 | signaling receptor binding | IPI | 10830164 |
GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 25416956 |
GO:0005524 | ATP binding | IDA | 16916641 |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0000159 | protein phosphatase type 2A complex | IDA | 10318862 |
GO:0005634 | nucleus | IBA,IDA | 17333320 |
GO:0005654 | nucleoplasm | IDA | -- |
GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA,IDA | 17333320 |
GO:0034704 | calcium channel complex | IDA | 10830164 |
SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | Beta-Adrenergic Signaling |
Beta-Adrenergic Signaling
.37
Erythropoietin Pathway
.37
|
CDK5 Pathway
.36
|
2 | p70S6K Signaling |
p70S6K Signaling
.60
Renin-Angiotensin Pathway
.60
|
mTOR Pathway
.54
|
3 | Cyclins and Cell Cycle Regulation |
Cyclins and Cell Cycle Regulation
.67
|
Cell Cycle Control by BTG Proteins
.36
|
4 | ERK Signaling |
ERK Signaling
.61
|
ILK Signaling
.49
|
5 | TGF-Beta Pathway |
TGF-Beta Pathway
.60
|
Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K
.43
|
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0000413 | protein peptidyl-prolyl isomerization | IEA | -- |
GO:0007052 | mitotic spindle organization | IBA | 21873635 |
GO:0032515 | negative regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity | IDA | 16916641 |
GO:0032516 | positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity | IDA | 16916641 |
GO:0035307 | positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation | IDA | 16916641 |
Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cantharidin | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1/2A | 16 | ||
Calyculin A | Experimental | Pharma | Protein phosphatase inhibitor | 0 | ||
Okadaic acid | Experimental | Pharma | Protein phosphatase 1 inhibitor | 0 | ||
GLYCYLALANYL-N-2-NAPHTHYL-L-PROLINEAMIDE | Experimental | Pharma | Target | 0 | ||
Ceramide | Pharma | Protein phosphatase and CAPP modulator | 0 |
Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs |
---|
Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
Calyculin A | Protein phosphatase inhibitor | 101932-71-2 |
Cantharidin | Inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1/2A | 56-25-7 |
Ceramide | Protein phosphatase and CAPP modulator | 3102-57-6 |
Fostriecin sodium salt | Antitumor antibiotic | 87860-39-7 |
Fumonisin B1 | PP5/PP2Cα/PP2A/PP1γ2/PP2B inhibitor | 116355-83-0 |
Okadaic acid | Protein phosphatase 1 inhibitor | 78111-17-8 |
Tautomycetin | 119757-73-2 |
This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.
Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PPP2R4 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | PPP2R4 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PPP2R4 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | PPP2R4 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | PPP2R4 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Ppp2r4 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Ptpa 17 |
|
||||
Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Ppp2r4 30 |
|
||
Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | PPP2R4 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | PPP2R4 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | ppp2r4 30 |
|
||
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | Xl.8828 30 |
|
||
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | ppp2r4 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
wufc23d07 30 |
|
||||
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) |
Actinopterygii | Omy.8890 30 |
|
||
Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | Ptpa 30 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
CG2104 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
CG8509 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | AgaP_AGAP008652 30 |
|
||
Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | Y71H2AM.20 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii) |
Saccharomycetes | AGOS_ACR139C 30 |
|
||
Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) |
Saccharomycetes | RRD2 30 33 33 |
|
||
RRD1 31 |
|
OneToOne | |||
K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis) |
Saccharomycetes | KLLA0F11187g 30 |
|
||
Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) |
eudicotyledons | AT4G08960 30 |
|
||
Soybean (Glycine max) |
eudicotyledons | Gma.5058 30 |
|
||
Rice (Oryza sativa) |
Liliopsida | Os06g0219800 30 |
|
||
Bread mold (Neurospora crassa) |
Ascomycetes | NCU03269 30 |
|
||
Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) |
Schizosaccharomycetes | SPAC1782.05 30 |
|
||
Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis) |
Ascidiacea | Cin.6463 30 |
|
SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 09 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs11554659 | Benign: not provided | 129,142,498(+) |
C/T NM_178000.3(PTPA):c.840C>T (p.Ala280=) |
SYNONYMOUS | |
rs138155879 | Benign: not provided | 129,134,882(+) |
A/C NM_178000.3(PTPA):c.548A>C (p.Lys183Thr) |
MISSENSE | |
rs146867459 | Likely Benign: not provided | 129,142,436(+) |
C/G NM_178000.3(PTPA):c.787-9C>G |
INTRON | |
rs147044679 | Benign: not provided | 129,123,135(+) |
C/T NM_178000.3(PTPA):c.213C>T (p.Ser71=) |
SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT,INTRON | |
rs17508881 | Benign: not provided | 129,136,522(+) |
C/T NM_178000.3(PTPA):c.612C>T (p.Ala204=) |
SYNONYMOUS |
Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|
leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 12 |
|
|
breast disease |
|
|
fragile x syndrome |
|
|
alzheimer disease |
|
|
crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans |
|
|