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Aliases for PTMS Gene
External Ids for PTMS Gene
- HGNC: 9629
- Entrez Gene: 5763
- Ensembl: ENSG00000159335
- OMIM: 168440
- UniProtKB: P20962
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PTMS Gene
- GC12M006676
- GC12M006801
- GC12P006753
- GC12P006745
- GC12P006746
- GC12P006875
Summaries for PTMS Gene
GeneCards Summary for PTMS Gene
PTMS (Parathymosin) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PTMS include Macular Dystrophy, Patterned, 3 and Noonan Syndrome 1.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for PTMS Gene
-
Parathymosin may mediate immune function by blocking the effect of prothymosin alpha which confers resistance to certain opportunistic infections.
No data available for Entrez Gene Summary , CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for PTMS Gene
Genomics for PTMS Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for PTMS Gene
Promoters and enhancers for PTMS Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around PTMS on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PTMS
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PTMS gene promoter:
-
- AP-2alpha
- AP-2alpha isoform 2
- AP-2alpha isoform 3
- AP-2alpha isoform 4
- AP-2alphaA
- AREB6
- deltaCREB
- FOXO4
- p53
- TBP
Genomic Locations for PTMS Gene
Genomic Locations for PTMS Gene
- chr12:6,765,516-6,770,952
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 5,437 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
- chr12:6,874,682-6,880,118
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 5,437 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for PTMS Gene
Genes around PTMS on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 12p13.31 by HGNC
- 12p13.31 by Entrez Gene
- 12p13.31 by Ensembl
PTMS Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for PTMS Gene
Proteins for PTMS Gene
-
Protein details for PTMS Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P20962-PTMS_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Parathymosin
- Protein Accession:
- P20962
Protein attributes for PTMS Gene
- Size:
- 102 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 11530 Da
- Quaternary structure:
- No Data Available
Protein Expression for PTMS Gene
Post-translational modifications for PTMS Gene
Other Protein References for PTMS Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- Creative Diagnostics Anti-PTMS polyclonal antibody
- Creative Biolabs Recombinant Mouse anti-Human PTMS Monoclonal antibody (2D3)
-
Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for PTMS
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PTMS
- Invitrogen Antibodies for PTMS (AFLGC-PTMS)
- antibodies-online: Show 22 available PTMS Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PTMS Antibodies
-
Quality Products:
Protein Products
- Creative Biomart Recombinant Human PTMS
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for PTMS
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PTMS
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PTMS
- ProSpec Recombinant Proteins for PTMS
- antibodies-online: Search results for available PTMS related products ranked by validation data
-
Abcam proteins for PTMS
Assay Products
- antibodies-online: Search results for available PTMS related products ranked by validation data
-
Signalway ELISA kits for PTMS
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for PTMS Gene
Domains & Families for PTMS Gene
Gene Families for PTMS Gene
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein Domains for PTMS Gene
- Blocks:
-
- Prothymosin/parathymosin
- InterPro:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PTMS Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- PTMS protein (A2VCM6_HUMAN)
- Parathymosin (O15256_HUMAN)
- Parathymosin (PTMS_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
P20962- Family:
-
- Belongs to the pro/parathymosin family.
Function for PTMS Gene
Molecular function for PTMS Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Parathymosin may mediate immune function by blocking the effect of prothymosin alpha which confers resistance to certain opportunistic infections.
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- parathymosin,highly homolog to prothymosin,mainly expressed in liver,kidney,brain,formerly assigned to 17q12-q22
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for PTMS Gene
Phenotypes for PTMS Gene
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for PTMS - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PTMS CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PTMS
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PTMS
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PTMS
miRNA for PTMS Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target PTMS
-
- hsa-mir-22-3p (MIRT006467)
- hsa-mir-193b-3p (MIRT016446)
- hsa-mir-155-5p (MIRT020881)
- hsa-mir-34a-5p (MIRT025517)
- hsa-mir-30a-5p (MIRT028559)
- hsa-mir-296-3p (MIRT038470)
- hsa-mir-423-3p (MIRT042551)
- hsa-mir-1249-5p (MIRT736456)
- hsa-mir-1286 (MIRT737061)
- hsa-mir-135a-3p (MIRT737513)
- hsa-mir-363-5p (MIRT741842)
- hsa-mir-3675-5p (MIRT742137)
- hsa-mir-4269 (MIRT743538)
- hsa-mir-4436a (MIRT744439)
- hsa-mir-4514 (MIRT745715)
- hsa-mir-4692 (MIRT747122)
- hsa-mir-4742-5p (MIRT748137)
- hsa-mir-4772-5p (MIRT748690)
- hsa-mir-486-3p (MIRT749125)
- hsa-mir-5000-3p (MIRT749326)
- hsa-mir-5191 (MIRT749929)
- hsa-mir-5197-5p (MIRT750104)
- hsa-mir-5586-3p (MIRT750992)
- hsa-mir-6515-5p (MIRT753296)
- hsa-mir-6715b-5p (MIRT753692)
- hsa-mir-6721-5p (MIRT753826)
- hsa-mir-6745 (MIRT754469)
- hsa-mir-6757-5p (MIRT754848)
- hsa-mir-6797-5p (MIRT756217)
- hsa-mir-6804-5p (MIRT756442)
- hsa-mir-6808-5p (MIRT756592)
- hsa-mir-6819-5p (MIRT756863)
- hsa-mir-6880-5p (MIRT758326)
- hsa-mir-6893-5p (MIRT758737)
- hsa-mir-759 (MIRT759421)
- hsa-mir-7847-3p (MIRT759863)
- hsa-mir-940 (MIRT760833)
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PTMS
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PTMS
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PTMS
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for PTMS - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PTMS as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PTMS
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PTMS
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for PTMS
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function , Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PTMS Gene
Localization for PTMS Gene
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| nucleus | 5 |
| extracellular | 3 |
| cytoskeleton | 3 |
| mitochondrion | 3 |
| cytosol | 3 |
| plasma membrane | 2 |
| peroxisome | 2 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 2 |
| endosome | 2 |
| lysosome | 2 |
| golgi apparatus | 2 |
- Nucleoli (2)
- Nucleoplasm (2)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | TAS | 10854063 |
No data available for Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PTMS Gene
Pathways & Interactions for PTMS Gene
Interacting Proteins for PTMS Gene
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for PTMS
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0002376 | immune system process | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006260 | DNA replication | TAS | 10854063 |
No data available for Pathways by source and SIGNOR curated interactions for PTMS Gene
Drugs & Compounds for PTMS Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|
Drug Products
- Creative Biomart Recombinant Human PTMS
Transcripts for PTMS Gene
mRNA/cDNA for PTMS Gene
- 2 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 10 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 7 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000309083 1181 bps (ENST00000309083.7)
- ENST00000389462 773 bps (ENST00000389462.8)
- ENST00000538057 976 bps (ENST00000538057.2)
- ENST00000540667 820 bps (ENST00000540667.5)
- ENST00000540828 644 bps (ENST00000540828.6)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for PTMS - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PTMS CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PTMS
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PTMS
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PTMS
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PTMS
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PTMS
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PTMS
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for PTMS - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PTMS as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PTMS
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PTMS
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
Relevant External Links for PTMS Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- PTMS
Expression for PTMS Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
- Brain (Nervous System)
- Intestine (Gastrointestinal Tract)
-
Uterus (Reproductive System)
-
Colon (Gastrointestinal Tract)
-
Prostate (Endocrine System)
-
Placenta (Extraembryonic Tissues)
-
Spleen (Hematopoietic System)
-
Thyroid (Endocrine System)
-
Gall Bladder (Hepatobiliary System)
-
Lung (Respiratory System)
-
Kidney (Urinary System)
-
Adrenal Gland (Endocrine System)
-
Esophagus (Gastrointestinal Tract)
-
Liver (Hepatobiliary System)
-
Ovary (Reproductive System)
-
Adipose (Muscoskeletal System)
This gene is overexpressed in Fetal Brain (15.2) and Uterus (6.9).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, MaxQB, and MOPED for PTMS Gene
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PTMS
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PTMS Gene:
Hs.504613Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PTMS Gene
- Liver(4.8)
- Kidney(4.7)
- Nervous system(3.4)
- Spleen(2.8)
- Intestine(2.6)
- Muscle(2.6)
- Eye(2.4)
- Lung(2.4)
- Heart(2.3)
- Stomach(2.2)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PTMS
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for PTMS
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for mRNA differential expression in normal tissues , mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PTMS Gene
Orthologs for PTMS Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of mammals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PTMS 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PTMS 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | PTMS 31 30 |
|
OneToOne |
- Species where no ortholog for PTMS was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- chicken (Gallus gallus)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- mouse (Mus musculus)
- oppossum (Monodelphis domestica)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rat (Rattus norvegicus)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
- sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Evolution for PTMS Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for PTMS (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for PTMS (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for PTMS: view image
Paralogs for PTMS Gene
No data available for Paralogs for PTMS Gene
Variants for PTMS Gene
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| dgv2323n54 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| esv27720 | CNV | loss | 19812545 |
| esv3580394 | CNV | gain | 25503493 |
| nsv1071006 | CNV | deletion | 25765185 |
| nsv1126309 | CNV | deletion | 24896259 |
| nsv557257 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| nsv557258 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| nsv832323 | CNV | loss | 17160897 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
51.8% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
0.06;
1.27% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for PTMS Gene
- SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
- PTMS
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for PTMS Gene
Disorders for PTMS Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| macular dystrophy, patterned, 3 |
|
|
| noonan syndrome 1 |
|
|
Search PTMS in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for PTMS
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for PTMS Gene
Publications for PTMS Gene
- Parathymosin affects the binding of linker histone H1 to nucleosomes and remodels chromatin structure. (PMID: 15716277) Martic G … Papamarcaki T (The Journal of biological chemistry 2005) 2 3 23 54
- Transcriptomic and genetic studies identify IL-33 as a candidate gene for Alzheimer's disease. (PMID: 19204726) Chapuis J … Lambert JC (Molecular psychiatry 2009) 3 41 54
- Association between genetic variants in VEGF, ERCC3 and occupational benzene haematotoxicity. (PMID: 19773279) Hosgood HD … Lan Q (Occupational and environmental medicine 2009) 3 41 54
- The thymosins. Prothymosin alpha, parathymosin, and beta-thymosins: structure and function. (PMID: 12852257) Hannappel E … Huff T (Vitamins and hormones 2003) 3 23 54
- Nuclear distribution of prothymosin alpha and parathymosin: evidence that prothymosin alpha is associated with RNA synthesis processing and parathymosin with early DNA replication. (PMID: 10854063) Vareli K … van Driel R (Experimental cell research 2000) 3 23 54
ExternalLinks
Products for PTMS Gene
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for PTMS
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- OriGene Purified Proteins for PTMS
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PTMS
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PTMS
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PTMS
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PTMS
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PTMS
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for PTMS
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PTMS
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Browse OriGene miRNA Products For PTMS
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PTMS
- Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
- Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
- Browse Sino Biological Antibodies
- Browse Sino Biological Assays
- Browse cDNA Clones
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Browse CRO Services
- High-throughput Antibody Production Service
- Protein Production Service
- Epitope Tag Antibodies & Reporter Protein Antibodies
- Lentiviral ORF Clones
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PTMS
- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for PTMS
- Browse Antibodies
- Browse Peptides and Proteins
- Browse Lysates
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Abcam proteins for PTMS
- Find your target
- Browse Primary Antibodies
- Browse Conjugated Primary Antibodies
- Browse Secondary Antibodies
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Browse Matched Antibody Pairs
- Browse Proteins and Peptides
- Search Knockout (KO) Validated Antibodies
- Browse Monoclonal Antibodies
- Browse Recombinant Antibodies
- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for PTMS (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for PTMS (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder CRISPR vectors for PTMS (ie. knockout, knockin, CRISPRa, CRISPRi)
- VectorBuilder Virus packaging for PTMS CRISPR vectors (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder Stable cell line generation for PTMS
- antibodies-online: Show 22 available PTMS Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PTMS Antibodies
- Quality Products:
- antibodies-online: Search results for available PTMS related products ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Search results for available PTMS related products ranked by validation data
- Horizon Cell Lines for PTMS
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for available PTMS gene related products
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PTMS
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PTMS
- Search GeneCopoeia for miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for PTMS
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PTMS
- Signalway ELISA kits for PTMS
- Search for PTMS Proteins at Signalway
Sources for PTMS Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
- (45) GenBank
- (46) H-invDB
- (47) HORDE
- (48) HUGE
- (49) IMGT
- (50) Leiden
- (51) miRBase
- (52) DME
- (53) OriGene
- (54) PubMed
- (55) R&D Systems
- (56) TGDB
- (57) Tocris
- (58) Abcam
- (59) Novus Biologicals
- (60) ProSpec
- (61) Sino Biological
- (62) GenScript
- (63) Qiagen
- (64) OCA
- (65) Proteopedia
- (66) MOPED
- (67) neXtProt
- (68) Reactome
- (69) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (70) DISEASES
- (71) SIMAP
- (72) GenomeRNAi
- (73) LifeMap
- (74) miRTarBase
- (75) MalaCards
- (76) Invitrogen
- (77) BitterDB
- (78) ESI-BIO
- (79) RefSeq
- (80) BioSystems
- (81) MaxQB
- (82) IUPHAR
- (83) BioGPS
- (84) Illumina
- (85) COMPARTMENTS
- (86) HOMER
- (87) PaxDb
- (88) ApexBio
- (89) Addgene
- (90) antibodies-online
- (91) CYP
- (92) NONCODE
- (93) TreeFam
- (94) PathCards
- (95) GeneReviews
- (96) GeneTex
- (97) Taconic Biosciences
- (98) GTEx
- (99) ProteomicsDB
- (100) SCBT
- (101) DGIdb
- (102) ClinicalTrials
- (103) RVIS
- (104) SIGNOR
- (105) diseasecard
- (106) NIH Rare Diseases
- (107) Orphanet
- (108) UMLS
- (109) GTR
- (110) Disease Ontology
- (111) Genetics Home Reference
- (112) MeSH
- (113) MedlinePlus
- (114) CDC
- (115) NINDS
- (116) NCBI Bookshelf
- (117) ClinVar
- (118) Gene Damage Index
- (119) HPO
- (120) UDN
- (121) VISTA
- (122) FANTOM5
- (123) ENCODE
- (124) ProSci
- (125) Horizon
- (126) The Signaling Pathways Project (SPP)
- (127) IID
- (128) VectorBuilder
- (129) SNPedia
- (130) BRCA Exchange
- (131) CIViC
- (132) ProteoGenix
- (133) dbSUPER
- (134) TISSUES
- (135) Gene ORGANizer
- (136) abm
- (137) Human Protein Atlas
- (138) GWAS Catalog
- (139) Monarch Initiative
- (140) DataMed
- (141) HumanCyc
- (142) genomics-online
- (143) UCNEbase
- (144) EPDnew
- (145) Applied Biosystems
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- (158) Mastermind
- (159) CTD^2 Dashboard
- (160) CraniofacialAtlas
- (161) GeneImprint
- (162) Synthego
- (163) Bio Basic
- (164) ENA
- (165) GtRNAdb
- (166) LncBase
- (167) LncBook
- (168) LNCipedia
- (169) LncRNAdb
- (170) Modomics
- (171) PDBe
- (172) Rfam
- (173) SILVA
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- (176) GENCODE
- (177) TarBase
- (178) MyBioSource
- (179) Signalway Antibody