Aliases for PTGS2 Gene
Aliases for PTGS2 Gene
External Ids for PTGS2 Gene
- HGNC: 9605
- Entrez Gene: 5743
- Ensembl: ENSG00000073756
- OMIM: 600262
- UniProtKB: P35354
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PTGS2 Gene
- GC01M184166
- GC01M182068
- GC01M183160
- GC01M183879
- GC01M183372
- GC01M184907
- GC01M157875
Summaries for PTGS2 Gene
-
Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. There are two isozymes of PTGS: a constitutive PTGS1 and an inducible PTGS2, which differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. This gene encodes the inducible isozyme. It is regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]
GeneCards Summary for PTGS2 Gene
PTGS2 (Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PTGS2 include Peptic Ulcer Disease and Bursitis. Among its related pathways are ERK Signaling and Ovarian steroidogenesis. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include protein homodimerization activity and lipid binding. An important paralog of this gene is PTGS1.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PTGS2 Gene
-
Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis (PubMed:26859324, PubMed:27226593). Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays important roles in modulating motility, proliferation and resistance to apoptosis.
-
Cyclooxygenase (also known as COX, Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase, Prostaglandin G/H synthase) is expressed in cells in three isoforms. COX-1 (constitutive) and COX-2 (inducible) isoforms catalyze the rate-limiting step of prostaglandin production.
Additional gene information for PTGS2 Gene
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for PTGS2 at DataMed
- Search for PTGS2 at HumanCyc
No data available for fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for PTGS2 Gene
Genomics for PTGS2 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for PTGS2 Gene
Promoters and enhancers for PTGS2 Gene
| GeneHancer (GH) Identifier | GH Type | GH Score |
GH Sources | Gene Association Score | Total Score | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites |
Gene Targets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GH01J186678 | Promoter/Enhancer | 2.1 | EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER | 650.7 | -0.5 | -487 | 4.1 | SIN3A BRCA1 GLIS2 ELK1 ZNF143 DEK SP3 GLIS1 STAT3 SP7 | PACERR PTGS2 TPR LOC102724919 ENSG00000228238 PLA2G4A | |
| GH01J186617 | Enhancer | 1.3 | FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE | 12.5 | +61.9 | 61926 | 1.4 | CTCF MAX BATF IRF4 RAD21 POLR3A POLR2A EED SMC3 ATF7 | PTGS2 ODR4 PACERR PLA2G4A GC01P186626 GC01P186627 LOC100131939 | |
| GH01J186643 | Enhancer | 0.7 | FANTOM5 | 15.8 | +36.6 | 36599 | 0.2 | SMARCC1 JUN CEBPB EP300 BRCA1 RFX5 JUND MAFF SMARCA4 STAT3 | GC01P186643 GC01P186644 PTGS2 PLA2G4A | |
| GH01J186655 | Enhancer | 0.7 | FANTOM5 ENCODE | 14.7 | +24.4 | 24350 | 0.4 | JUN ETV6 | PTGS2 PLA2G4A ODR4 GC01P186644 GC01P186643 | |
| GH01J186848 | Enhancer | 1 | FANTOM5 Ensembl | 9.3 | -169.0 | -168985 | 1.8 | FOXA2 ZSCAN4 BATF IRF4 FOS IKZF2 RUNX3 CREM ZNF114 ELF1 | ODR4 ENSG00000228238 PLA2G4A PTGS2 ERVMER61-1 LINC01036 |
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around PTGS2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PTGS2 gene promoter:
-
- CREB
- AP-1
- c-Jun
- ATF-2
- deltaCREB
- STAT5A
- FOXJ2 (long isoform)
- FOXJ2
- POU6F1 (c2)
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Locations for PTGS2 Gene
Genomic Locations for PTGS2 Gene
- chr1:186,671,791-186,680,427
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 8,637 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr1:186,640,923-186,649,559
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 8,637 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for PTGS2 Gene
Genes around PTGS2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 1q31.1 by Entrez Gene
- 1q31.1 by HGNC
- 1q31.1 by Ensembl
PTGS2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for PTGS2 Gene
Proteins for PTGS2 Gene
-
Protein details for PTGS2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P35354-PGH2_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
- Protein Accession:
- P35354
- A8K802
- Q16876
Protein attributes for PTGS2 Gene
- Size:
- 604 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 68996 Da
- Cofactor:
- Name=heme b; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:60344;
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Homodimer.
- Miscellaneous:
-
- The conversion of arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 is a 2 step reaction: a cyclooxygenase (COX) reaction which converts arachidonate to prostaglandin G2 (PGG2) and a peroxidase reaction in which PGG2 is reduced to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). The cyclooxygenase reaction occurs in a hydrophobic channel in the core of the enzyme. The peroxidase reaction occurs at a heme-containing active site located near the protein surface. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) binding site corresponds to the cyclooxygenase active site.
- Conversion of arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 is mediated by 2 different isozymes: the constitutive PTGS1 and the inducible PTGS2. PGHS1 is expressed constitutively and generally produces prostanoids acutely in response to hormonal stimuli to fine-tune physiological processes requiring instantaneous, continuous regulation (e.g. hemostasis). PGHS2 is inducible and typically produces prostanoids that mediate responses to physiological stresses such as infection and inflammation.
- PTGS1 and PTGS2 are the targets of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including aspirin and ibuprofen (PubMed:27710942, PubMed:26859324, PubMed:27226593). Aspirin is able to produce an irreversible inactivation of the enzyme through a serine acetylation (PubMed:26859324). Inhibition of the PGHSs with NSAIDs acutely reduces inflammation, pain, and fever, and long-term use of these drugs reduces fatal thrombotic events, as well as the development of colon cancer and Alzheimers disease. PTGS2 is the principal isozyme responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. New generation PTGSs inhibitors strive to be selective for PTGS2, to avoid side effects such as gastrointestinal complications and ulceration.
Protein Expression for PTGS2 Gene
Post-translational modifications for PTGS2 Gene
- S-nitrosylation by NOS2 (iNOS) activates enzyme activity. S-nitrosylation may take place on different Cys residues in addition to Cys-526.
- Glycosylation at Asn580, Asn396, posLast=130130, and Asn53
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
Other Protein References for PTGS2 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- R&D Systems Antibodies for PTGS2 (COX-2)
-
Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for PTGS2
- AM05211FC-N
- AM05211PU-N
- AM05213PU-N
- AP00118PU-N
- AP07624SU-N
- AP08507PU-N
- AP20194PU-N
- AP23344PU-N
- AP31178PU-N
- AP53500PU-N
- DP111
- DP111-05
- DRM006
- TA302755
- TA313292
- TA319280
- TA326006
- TA353760
- TA353761
- TA590771
- TA805224
- CF805224
- TA805286
- CF805286
- TA805287
- CF805287
- TA805307
- CF805307
- TA805310
- CF805310
- TA805311
- CF805311
- TA805365
- CF805365
- TA805370
- CF805370
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PTGS2
-
Abcam antibodies for PTGS2
- Invitrogen Antibodies for PTGS2
- antibodies-online: Search results for 234 available PTGS2 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PTGS2 Antibodies
-
Recommended
- 150 WB Antibodies (anti-human)
- 24 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 15 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 6 FACS Antibodies (anti-human)
- 6 IHC Antibodies (anti-human)
- 1 EIA Antibody (anti-human)
- 1 IF/ICC Antibody (anti-human)
- 72 WB Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 24 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 5 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 3 IHC Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 1 EIA Antibody (anti-mouse)
- 60 WB Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 24 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 7 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 4 IHC Antibodies (anti-rat)
- GeneTex PTGS2 Antibody for PTGS2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PTGS2
- Sino Biological Antibodies for PTGS2
Protein Products
- Search Origene for Purified Proteins, MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PTGS2
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PTGS2
- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for PTGS2
- Sino Biological Cell Lysates for PTGS2
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for PTGS2
-
Abcam proteins for PTGS2
Assay Products
- R&D Systems ELISAs, Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays, and other biochemical assays for PTGS2 (COX-2)
-
Abcam assays for PTGS2
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for PTGS2 Gene
Domains & Families for PTGS2 Gene
Gene Families for PTGS2 Gene
- IUPHAR :
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Cancer-related genes
- Enzymes
- FDA approved drug targets
- Predicted secreted proteins
Protein Domains for PTGS2 Gene
- Blocks:
- InterPro:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PTGS2 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
P35354- Family:
-
- Belongs to the prostaglandin G/H synthase family.
Function for PTGS2 Gene
Molecular function for PTGS2 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis (PubMed:26859324, PubMed:27226593). Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays important roles in modulating motility, proliferation and resistance to apoptosis.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
- Arachidonate + AH(2) + 2 O(2) = prostaglandin H(2) + A + H(2)O.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
- Inhibited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including aspirin, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen and celecoxib (PubMed:26859324). Inhibited by flufenamic acid, mefenamic acid and tolfenamic acid (PubMed:27226593).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot BiophysicochemicalProperties:
- Kinetic parameters: KM=16.2 uM for arachidonate (in absence of sodium nitroprusside NO donor) {ECO:0000269 PubMed:16373578}; KM=12 uM for arachidonic acid {ECO:0000269 PubMed:26859324}; KM=17.0 uM for arachidonate (in presence of sodium nitroprusside NO donor) {ECO:0000269 PubMed:16373578}; Vmax=81.3 nmol/min/mg enzyme (in absence of sodium nitroprusside NO donor) {ECO:0000269 PubMed:16373578}; Vmax=132 nmol/min/mg enzyme (in absence of sodium nitroprusside NO donor) {ECO:0000269 PubMed:16373578};
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
- By cytokines and mitogens.
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- prostaglandin G/H synthase 2,mitogen and cytokine inducible form (lipocalin family,Kernel group),monomer,potent mediator of inflammation,playing a minor role in colorectal carcinogenesis,overexpressed in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck,putatively involved in the tumor tissue response to necrosis
Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for PTGS2 Gene
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for PTGS2 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0004601 | peroxidase activity | TAS,IEA | -- |
| GO:0004666 | prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity | TAS,IEA | -- |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 24089527 |
| GO:0016491 | oxidoreductase activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0016702 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen | IEA | -- |
Phenotypes for PTGS2 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for PTGS2:
-
inferred from 13 alleles
- cardiovascular system phenotype
- respiratory system phenotype
- vision/eye phenotype
- digestive/alimentary phenotype
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- nervous system phenotype
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- no phenotypic analysis
- neoplasm
- integument phenotype
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- mortality/aging
- cellular phenotype
- muscle phenotype
- liver/biliary system phenotype
- reproductive system phenotype
- skeleton phenotype
- embryo phenotype
- normal phenotype
- renal/urinary system phenotype
- adipose tissue phenotype
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- immune system phenotype
- growth/size/body region phenotype
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PTGS2:
-
- Decreased viability ratio
- Decreased shRNA abundance (Z-score < -2)
- Effect on mitosis
- Dynamic nuclei (hole, folded or small irregular)
- Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)
- Reduced mammosphere formation
- Increased Nanog expression
- Decreased viability
- no effect
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- Resistant to vaccinia virus (VACV-A4L) infection
- Decreased NF-kappaB reporter expression
- Increased viability
Animal Models for PTGS2 Gene
Animal Model Products
-
Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for PTGS2
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for PTGS2
-
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PTGS2
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PTGS2
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials CRISPR for PTGS2
-
Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PTGS2
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for PTGS2
miRNA for PTGS2 Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target PTGS2
-
- hsa-mir-16-5p (MIRT001426)
- hsa-let-7b-5p (MIRT001603)
- hsa-mir-101-3p (MIRT004297)
- hsa-mir-26b-5p (MIRT004659)
- hsa-mir-137 (MIRT006329)
- hsa-mir-143-3p (MIRT006757)
- hsa-mir-335-5p (MIRT017755)
- hsa-mir-132-3p (MIRT021768)
- hsa-mir-128-3p (MIRT021956)
- hsa-mir-124-3p (MIRT022542)
- hsa-mir-181a-5p (MIRT025094)
- hsa-mir-199a-3p (MIRT052956)
- hsa-mir-199a-5p (MIRT054370)
- hsa-mir-146a-5p (MIRT437352)
- hsa-mir-589-5p (MIRT437360)
- hsa-mir-558 (MIRT437813)
- hsa-mir-379-3p (MIRT439871)
- hsa-mir-26a-5p (MIRT732182)
- hsa-mir-144-3p (MIRT732183)
- hsa-mir-204-5p (MIRT732465)
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PTGS2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PTGS2
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PTGS2
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
Clone Products
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PTGS2
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for PTGS2
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for PTGS2
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- Addgene plasmids for PTGS2
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PTGS2
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for PTGS2
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for PTGS2
No data available for Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PTGS2 Gene
Localization for PTGS2 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PTGS2 Gene
- Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| nucleus | 5 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 5 |
| plasma membrane | 4 |
| extracellular | 3 |
| mitochondrion | 3 |
| peroxisome | 3 |
| cytosol | 3 |
| cytoskeleton | 2 |
| lysosome | 1 |
- Endoplasmic reticulum (3)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA,ISS | -- |
| GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum | IEA,IDA | 24089527 |
| GO:0005788 | endoplasmic reticulum lumen | TAS | 24089527 |
| GO:0005789 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | TAS | -- |
| GO:0005901 | caveola | IEA | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for PTGS2 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PEDF Induced Signaling | ||
| 2 | Arachidonic acid metabolism | ||
| 3 | Metabolism |
.37
|
|
| 4 | aspirin triggered resolvin E biosynthesis | ||
| 5 | Cytokine Signaling in Immune system | ||
Pathways by source for PTGS2 Gene
18 BioSystems pathways for PTGS2 Gene
14 Reactome pathways for PTGS2 Gene
3 PharmGKB pathways for PTGS2 Gene
19 KEGG pathways for PTGS2 Gene
10 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathways for PTGS2 Gene
1 R&D Systems pathway for PTGS2 Gene
13 Qiagen pathways for PTGS2 Gene
3 Cell Signaling Technology pathways for PTGS2 Gene
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P35354-PGH2_HUMAN
- Pathway: Lipid metabolism; prostaglandin biosynthesis.
Interacting Proteins for PTGS2 Gene
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for PTGS2
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001516 | prostaglandin biosynthetic process | NAS | 20448152 |
| GO:0001525 | angiogenesis | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006629 | lipid metabolic process | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006631 | fatty acid metabolic process | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006633 | fatty acid biosynthetic process | IEA | -- |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for PTGS2 Gene
Drugs & Compounds for PTGS2 Gene
(207) Drugs for PTGS2 Gene - From: DrugBank, PharmGKB, ApexBio, DGIdb, FDA Approved Drugs, IUPHAR, HMDB, Tocris, and Novoseek
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ibuprofen | Approved | Pharma | Channel blocker, Inhibition, Inhibitor, inhibitor, Target, Enzyme | 547 | ||
| Rofecoxib | Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn | Pharma | Inhibition, Inhibitor, inhibitor, Target | COX-2 inhibitor | 31 | |
| Celecoxib | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Inhibition, Inhibitor, inhibitor, Target | Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor | 459 | |
| Lumiracoxib | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Inhibition, Inhibitor, inhibitor, Target | 17 | ||
| Valdecoxib | Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn | Pharma | Inhibition, Inhibitor, inhibitor, Target | COX-2 inhibitor | 30 |
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-Hydroxymethylantipyrine |
|
18125-49-0 |
|
|||
| 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac |
|
64118-84-9 | ||||
| 5'-Hydroxylornoxicam |
|
|
||||
| 5'-Hydroxypiroxicam |
|
77459-78-0 | ||||
| 6-Hydroxymethyletoricoxib |
|
(4) Tocris Compounds for PTGS2 Gene
| Compound | Action | Cas Number |
|---|---|---|
| NCX 4040 | NO-donating aspirin; anti-inflammatory and antitumor | 287118-97-2 |
| NCX 466 | Cyclooxygenase-inhibiting nitric oxide donor | 1262956-64-8 |
| Niflumic acid | Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor; GPR35 agonist | 4394-00-7 |
| Resveratrol | Cyclooxygenase inhibitor | 501-36-0 |
Drug Products
Transcripts for PTGS2 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for PTGS2 Gene
- (1) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (8) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (101) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (5) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
-
- ENST00000367468 4514 bps (uc001gsb.4)
- ENST00000490885 3690 bps (uc057nzm.1)
- ENST00000559627 1705 bps (uc057nzn.1)
- ENST00000466691 888 bps (uc057nzo.1)
- ENST00000559800 577 bps (uc057nzp.1)
Unigene Clusters for PTGS2 Gene
- Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase):
- Representative Sequences:
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PTGS2
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PTGS2
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials CRISPR for PTGS2
-
Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PTGS2
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for PTGS2
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PTGS2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PTGS2
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PTGS2
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
Clone Products
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PTGS2
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for PTGS2
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for PTGS2
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- Addgene plasmids for PTGS2
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PTGS2
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for PTGS2
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | · | 1c | · | 1d | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4a | · | 4b | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7 | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9a | · | 9b | ^ | 10a | · | 10b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP5: |
Expression for PTGS2 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
-
Ovary (Reproductive System)
- Cumulus Cells Antral Follicle
- Mural Granulosa Cells Antral Follicle
- Oviduct
-
Hair (Integumentary System)
- Outer Root Sheath Cells Outer Root Sheath
- human epithelial stem cells(Yang R et. al. 2014)
-
Blood (Hematopoietic System)
- Granulocytes Peripheral Blood
- Monocytes Peripheral Blood
-
Fibroblasts
- Cardiac Fibroblasts Myocardium
- Detroit 551
-
Epithelial Cells
- Outer Root Sheath Cells Outer Root Sheath
-
Peripheral Nervous System (Nervous System)
- Schwann Precursor Cells Peripheral Nerve Domain
-
Extraembryonic Mesoderm (Extraembryonic Tissues)
- Extraembryonic Angioblasts Extraembryonic Capillary Plexus
-
Endothelium (Cardiovascular System)
- Extraembryonic Angioblasts Extraembryonic Capillary Plexus
-
Heart (Cardiovascular System)
- Cardiac Fibroblasts Myocardium
- Bone (Muscoskeletal System)
- Dermis (Integumentary System)
- Epidermis (Integumentary System)
-
Prostate (Endocrine System)
-
Smooth Muscle (Muscoskeletal System)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for PTGS2 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Whole Blood (x5.5) and Stomach (x4.3).
This gene is overexpressed in Plasma (26.6), Islet of Langerhans (21.1), and Seminal vesicle (16.8).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, MaxQB, and MOPED for PTGS2 Gene
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of PTGS2 Gene:
PTGS2SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PTGS2 Gene:
Hs.196384Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PTGS2 Gene
- Blood(4.8)
- Lung(4.6)
- Heart(4.5)
- Intestine(3.4)
- Nervous system(3.3)
- Bone marrow(2.9)
- Liver(2.9)
- Stomach(2.9)
- Kidney(2.8)
- Muscle(2.7)
- Lymph node(2.6)
- Pancreas(2.5)
- Skin(2.5)
- Bone(2.2)
- Gall bladder(2.2)
- Adrenal gland(2)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for PTGS2
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PTGS2
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PTGS2 Gene
Orthologs for PTGS2 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PTGS2 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | COX-2 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| PTGS2 33 |
|
||||
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PGHS-2 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| PTGS2 33 |
|
||||
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | PTGS2 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Ptgs2 16 34 33 |
|
||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Ptgs2 33 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | PTGS2 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | PTGS2 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | PTGS2 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | ptgs2 33 |
|
||
| Str.16299 33 |
|
||||
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | Xl.33329 33 |
|
||
| zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | ptgs2b 34 33 |
|
OneToMany | |
| ptgs2a 34 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| ptgs2 33 |
|
||||
| rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) |
Actinopterygii | Omy.11687 33 |
|
||
| sea squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 34 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| CSA.3689 34 |
|
ManyToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for PTGS2 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Evolution for PTGS2 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for PTGS2 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for PTGS2 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for PTGS2: view image
Paralogs for PTGS2 Gene
Variants for PTGS2 Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 01 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs1000357628 | -- | 186,671,890(-) | G/A | 3_prime_UTR_variant | |
| rs1000395206 | -- | 186,679,521(-) | C/T | intron_variant | |
| rs1000781846 | -- | 186,680,425(-) | G/A | 5_prime_UTR_variant | |
| rs1000808915 | -- | 186,672,081(-) | A/T | 3_prime_UTR_variant | |
| rs1003511546 | -- | 186,681,943(-) | C/G | upstream_transcript_variant |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
24.6% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
2.39;
42.27% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for PTGS2 Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PTGS2 Gene
Disorders for PTGS2 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| peptic ulcer disease |
|
|
| bursitis |
|
|
| gastric ulcer |
|
|
| osteoid osteoma |
|
|
| stomach disease |
|
Search PTGS2 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for PTGS2
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for PTGS2 Gene
Publications for PTGS2 Gene
- Genetic polymorphisms in the cyclooxygenase-2 gene, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and breast cancer risk. (PMID: 17181859) Shen J … Santella RM (Breast cancer research : BCR 2006) 3 22 25 44 58
- Variation in eicosanoid genes, non-fatal myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. (PMID: 19046748) Lemaitre RN … Psaty BM (Atherosclerosis 2009) 3 22 44 58
- Cyclooxygenase-2 polymorphisms, aspirin treatment, and risk for colorectal adenoma recurrence--data from a randomized clinical trial. (PMID: 19755647) Barry EL … Baron JA (Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 2009) 3 22 44 58
- [Study on the association of cyclooxygenase-2 -765g>C and prostacyclin synthase C1117A polymorphisms and the risk of myocardial infarction in Uigur population of Xinjiang, China]. (PMID: 19040046) Xie X … Liu F (Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi 2008) 3 22 44 58
- Association of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease in Chinese. (PMID: 17234302) Ma SL … Lam LC (Neurobiology of aging 2008) 3 22 44 58
Products for PTGS2 Gene
- R&D Systems Antibodies for PTGS2 (COX-2)
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- R&D Systems ELISAs, Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays, and other biochemical assays for PTGS2 (COX-2)
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- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for PTGS2
- AM05211FC-N
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- DP111
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- DRM006
- TA302755
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- CF805224
- TA805286
- CF805286
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- CF805287
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- TA805365
- CF805365
- TA805370
- CF805370
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- High-throughput Antibody Production Service
- Protein Production Service
- Epitope Tag Antibodies & Reporter Protein Antibodies
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- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for PTGS2
- Novus Biologicals
- Novus Biologicals Tissue Microarrays
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- Abcam antibodies for PTGS2
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- Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for PTGS2
- Find your next knockout model in the Taconic Knockout Repository
- Genetically Engineered Models Available Immediately
- Humanized Mice
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- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for PTGS2
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for PTGS2
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for PTGS2
- VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- Addgene plasmids for PTGS2
- antibodies-online: Search results for 234 available PTGS2 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PTGS2 Antibodies
- Recommended
- 150 WB Antibodies (anti-human)
- 24 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 15 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 6 FACS Antibodies (anti-human)
- 6 IHC Antibodies (anti-human)
- 1 EIA Antibody (anti-human)
- 1 IF/ICC Antibody (anti-human)
- 72 WB Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 24 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 5 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 3 IHC Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 1 EIA Antibody (anti-mouse)
- 60 WB Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 24 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 7 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 4 IHC Antibodies (anti-rat)
- antibodies-online: Search results for 69 available PTGS2 Elisa Kits ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PTGS2 Elisa Kits
- antibodies-online: Search results for 10 available PTGS2 Proteins ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PTGS2 Proteins
- GeneTex PTGS2 Antibody for PTGS2
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for PTGS2
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PTGS2
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for PTGS2 siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PTGS2
- Horizon Cell Lines for PTGS2
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for available PTGS2 gene related products
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PTGS2
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Sources for PTGS2 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) ASD
- (29) ECgene
- (30) GeneAnnot
- (31) CGAP SAGE
- (32) SOURCE
- (33) HomoloGene
- (34) PanEnsembl
- (35) euGenes
- (36) SGD
- (37) FlyBase
- (38) WormBase
- (39) Pseudogene
- (40) DGV
- (41) dbSNP
- (42) GenAtlas
- (43) HGMD
- (44) GAD
- (45) BGMUT
- (46) HuGE
- (47) Atlas
- (48) Cell Signaling Technology
- (49) GenBank
- (50) H-invDB
- (51) HORDE
- (52) HUGE
- (53) IMGT
- (54) Leiden
- (55) miRBase
- (56) DME
- (57) OriGene
- (58) PubMed
- (59) R&D Systems
- (60) TGDB
- (61) Tocris
- (62) Abcam
- (63) Novus Biologicals
- (64) ProSpec
- (65) Sino Biological
- (66) GenScript
- (67) Qiagen
- (68) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (69) OCA
- (70) Proteopedia
- (71) MOPED
- (72) neXtProt
- (73) Reactome
- (74) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (75) fRNAdb
- (76) DISEASES
- (77) SIMAP
- (78) GenomeRNAi
- (79) LifeMap
- (80) miRTarBase
- (81) MalaCards
- (82) Invitrogen
- (83) BitterDB
- (84) Vector BioLabs
- (85) ESI-BIO
- (86) RefSeq
- (87) BioSystems
- (88) MaxQB
- (89) IUPHAR
- (90) BioGPS
- (91) Illumina
- (92) COMPARTMENTS
- (93) HOMER
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- (95) ApexBio
- (96) Addgene
- (97) antibodies-online
- (98) CYP
- (99) NONCODE
- (100) SwitchGear Genomics
- (101) TreeFam
- (102) PathCards
- (103) GeneReviews
- (104) GeneTex
- (105) Taconic Biosciences
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- (107) ProteomicsDB
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- (114) diseasecard
- (115) NIH Rare Diseases
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- (144) ProteoGenix
- (145) dbSUPER
- (146) TISSUES
- (147) Gene ORGANizer
- (148) abm
- (149) CrownBio
- (150) Human Protein Atlas
- (151) GWAS Catalog
- (152) Monarch Initiative
- (153) DataMed
- (154) HumanCyc
- (155) genomics-online
- (156) UCNEbase
- (157) EPDnew
- (158) Applied Biosystems
- (159) GlyConnect
- (160) Aminode
- (161) GeneCopoeia
- (162) GPS-Prot
- (163) RNACentral
- (164) LncRNADisease
- (165) LOVD
- (166) miR2Disease
- (167) DiseaseEnhancer
- (168) Boster Bio
- (169) Biorbyt