Aliases for PRLR Gene
Aliases for PRLR Gene
External Ids for PRLR Gene
- HGNC: 9446
- Entrez Gene: 5618
- Ensembl: ENSG00000113494
- OMIM: 176761
- UniProtKB: P16471
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PRLR Gene
- GC05M035082
- GC05M036075
- GC05M035094
Summaries for PRLR Gene
-
This gene encodes a receptor for the anterior pituitary hormone, prolactin, and belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Prolactin-dependent signaling occurs as the result of ligand-induced dimerization of the prolactin receptor. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different membrane-bound and soluble isoforms have been described for this gene, which may function to modulate the endocrine and autocrine effects of prolactin in normal tissue and cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
GeneCards Summary for PRLR Gene
PRLR (Prolactin Receptor) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PRLR include Hyperprolactinemia and Multiple Fibroadenomas Of The Breast. Among its related pathways are Adipogenesis and TGF-Beta Pathway. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include protein homodimerization activity and peptide hormone binding. An important paralog of this gene is GHR.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PRLR Gene
-
This is a receptor for the anterior pituitary hormone prolactin (PRL). Acts as a prosurvival factor for spermatozoa by inhibiting sperm capacitation through suppression of SRC kinase activation and stimulation of AKT. Isoform 4 is unable to transduce prolactin signaling. Isoform 6 is unable to transduce prolactin signaling.
Additional gene information for PRLR Gene
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for PRLR at DataMed
- Search for PRLR at HumanCyc
No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for PRLR Gene
Genomics for PRLR Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for PRLR Gene
Promoters and enhancers for PRLR Gene
| GeneHancer (GH) Identifier | GH Type | GH Score |
GH Sources | Gene Association Score | Total Score | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites |
Gene Targets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GH05J035228 | Promoter/Enhancer | 1.9 | EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE | 656.4 | +0.8 | 812 | 2.8 | HDGF PKNOX1 SIN3A YY1 ZNF143 ATF7 RXRA REST MIER3 ETV4 | PRLR PIR44028 PIR49347 | |
| GH05J035193 | Promoter/Enhancer | 1.5 | EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE | 669.7 | +35.1 | 35111 | 3.3 | PKNOX1 ARID4B BMI1 DMAP1 IRF4 ZNF48 ATF7 ETV6 IKZF2 MIXL1 | PRLR PIR49347 ENSG00000250886 | |
| GH05J035237 | Promoter/Enhancer | 1.3 | EPDnew ENCODE | 650.4 | -7.5 | -7522 | 1.2 | FOXA2 ARID4B RAD21 RARA CREM IKZF2 MIXL1 RXRA PPARG ZNF592 | PRLR GC05P035369 | |
| GH05J035212 | Enhancer | 1.1 | FANTOM5 ENCODE | 8.8 | +16.6 | 16598 | 3.6 | SMAD1 NEUROD1 SIN3A BMI1 BATF RAD21 RFX5 ATF7 FOS RCOR1 | PRLR PIR44028 PIR49347 | |
| GH05J035134 | Enhancer | 1.2 | FANTOM5 ENCODE dbSUPER | 7.4 | +94.7 | 94740 | 2.2 | ELF3 ZNF48 RAD21 RARA YY1 FOS MIXL1 NFKBIZ RXRA REST | PRLR ENSG00000250886 PIR49347 |
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around PRLR on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PRLR gene promoter:
-
- IRF-1
- GR-alpha
- GR
- HNF-4alpha2
- HNF-4alpha1
- COUP-TF1
- COUP-TF
- COUP
- CREB
- deltaCREB
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Locations for PRLR Gene
Genomic Locations for PRLR Gene
- chr5:35,048,756-35,230,589
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 181,834 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr5:35,048,861-35,230,823
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 181,963 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for PRLR Gene
Genes around PRLR on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 5p13.2 by Entrez Gene
- 5p13.2 by HGNC
- 5p13.2 by Ensembl
PRLR Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for PRLR Gene
Proteins for PRLR Gene
-
Protein details for PRLR Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P16471-PRLR_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Prolactin receptor
- Protein Accession:
- P16471
- B2R882
- D1MDP1
- Q16354
- Q8TD75
- Q8TD78
- Q96P35
- Q96P36
- Q9BX87
- Q9UHJ5
Protein attributes for PRLR Gene
- Size:
- 622 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 69506 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Homodimer upon hormone binding. Interacts with SMARCA1. Interacts with GH1. Interacts with CSH. Interacts with NEK3 and VAV2 and this interaction is prolactin-dependent.
Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for PRLR Gene
Protein Expression for PRLR Gene
Post-translational modifications for PRLR Gene
Other Protein References for PRLR Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
-
- ENSP00000441813
- ENSP00000479077
- ENSP00000424841
- ENSP00000422556
- ENSP00000482954
- ENSP00000427236
- ENSP00000422935
- ENSP00000311613
- ENSP00000425300
- ENSP00000231423
- ENSP00000422385
- ENSP00000380546
- ENSP00000421864
- ENSP00000482689
- ENSP00000422867
- ENSP00000423493
- ENSP00000309008
- ENSP00000427060
- ENSP00000484768
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- R&D Systems Antibodies for PRLR (Prolactin R)
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PRLR
- Invitrogen Antibodies for PRLR (AFLGC-PRLR)
- antibodies-online: Search results for 237 available Prolactin Receptor Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top Prolactin Receptor Antibodies
-
Recommended
- 149 WB Antibodies (anti-human)
- 15 IHC Antibodies (anti-human)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 12 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 6 FACS Antibodies (anti-human)
- 1 CC Antibody (anti-human)
- 1 IF/ICC Antibody (anti-human)
- 49 WB Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 2 FACS Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 21 WB Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 2 FACS Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- GeneTex Prlr Antibody for PRLR
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PRLR
- Sino Biological Antibodies for PRLR
Protein Products
- R&D Systems Proteins and Enzymes for PRLR (Prolactin R)
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for PRLR
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PRLR
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PRLR
- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for PRLR
- Sino Biological Cell Lysates for PRLR
- ProSpec Recombinant Proteins for PRLR
- GeneTex Proteins for PRLR
-
ProSci Proteins for PRLR
-
Abcam proteins for PRLR
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for PRLR Gene
Domains & Families for PRLR Gene
Gene Families for PRLR Gene
- IUPHAR :
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Disease related genes
- FDA approved drug targets
- Predicted membrane proteins
- Predicted secreted proteins
Protein Domains for PRLR Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PRLR Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
P16471UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
PRLR_HUMAN :- The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
- Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 1 subfamily.
- Domain:
-
- The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
- The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 1 subfamily.
Function for PRLR Gene
Molecular function for PRLR Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- This is a receptor for the anterior pituitary hormone prolactin (PRL). Acts as a prosurvival factor for spermatozoa by inhibiting sperm capacitation through suppression of SRC kinase activation and stimulation of AKT. Isoform 4 is unable to transduce prolactin signaling. Isoform 6 is unable to transduce prolactin signaling.
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- prolactin receptor with two alternatively spliced isoforms,expressed in breast cancer,breast normal tissue,gonad and liver
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for PRLR Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0004925 | prolactin receptor activity | NAS,TAS | 10585417 |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 12819209 |
| GO:0017046 | peptide hormone binding | IPI | 7984244 |
| GO:0042803 | protein homodimerization activity | NAS | 10585417 |
| GO:0042978 | ornithine decarboxylase activator activity | NAS | 10585417 |
Phenotypes for PRLR Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for PRLR:
-
inferred from 1 alleles
- limbs/digits/tail phenotype
- vision/eye phenotype
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- nervous system phenotype
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- neoplasm
- integument phenotype
- taste/olfaction phenotype
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- cellular phenotype
- reproductive system phenotype
- skeleton phenotype
- embryo phenotype
- adipose tissue phenotype
- growth/size/body region phenotype
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PRLR:
-
- Decreased viability ratio
- Dynamic nuclei (hole, folded or small irregular)
- Decreased shRNA abundance
- Decreased viability
- no effect
- Synthetic lethal with Ras
- Decreased NF-kappaB reporter expression
- Increased viability with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)
- Synthetic lethal with vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
Animal Models for PRLR Gene
- MGI Knock Outs for PRLR:
-
- Prlr Prlr<tm1Cnp>
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for PRLR
-
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PRLR
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PRLR
- Applied Biological Materials CRISPR for PRLR
-
Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PRLR
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for PRLR
miRNA for PRLR Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target PRLR
-
- hsa-mir-181a-5p (MIRT025183)
- hsa-mir-218-5p (MIRT449869)
- hsa-mir-1273e (MIRT449870)
- hsa-mir-6807-5p (MIRT449871)
- hsa-mir-5701 (MIRT449872)
- hsa-mir-636 (MIRT449873)
- hsa-mir-2277-3p (MIRT449874)
- hsa-mir-7157-5p (MIRT449875)
- hsa-mir-4310 (MIRT449876)
- hsa-mir-760 (MIRT496392)
- hsa-mir-518c-5p (MIRT496393)
- hsa-mir-4496 (MIRT496394)
- hsa-mir-587 (MIRT497553)
- hsa-mir-5585-3p (MIRT497554)
- hsa-mir-5581-3p (MIRT497555)
- hsa-mir-6720-3p (MIRT497556)
- hsa-mir-668-5p (MIRT497557)
- hsa-mir-6872-3p (MIRT497558)
- hsa-mir-4787-3p (MIRT497559)
- hsa-mir-5582-3p (MIRT497560)
- hsa-mir-548f-3p (MIRT497561)
- hsa-mir-548e-3p (MIRT497562)
- hsa-mir-548az-3p (MIRT497563)
- hsa-mir-548ar-3p (MIRT497564)
- hsa-mir-548a-3p (MIRT497565)
- hsa-mir-4279 (MIRT529566)
- hsa-mir-3925-3p (MIRT529567)
- hsa-mir-554 (MIRT529568)
- hsa-mir-205-5p (MIRT529569)
- hsa-mir-770-5p (MIRT529570)
- hsa-mir-4712-5p (MIRT529571)
- hsa-mir-4753-3p (MIRT654730)
- hsa-mir-6873-3p (MIRT654731)
- hsa-mir-130b-5p (MIRT654732)
- hsa-mir-6817-3p (MIRT654733)
- hsa-mir-7110-3p (MIRT654734)
- hsa-mir-6769b-3p (MIRT654735)
- hsa-mir-4723-3p (MIRT654736)
- hsa-mir-3183 (MIRT654737)
- hsa-mir-4719 (MIRT654738)
- hsa-mir-6800-3p (MIRT654739)
- hsa-mir-548e-5p (MIRT654740)
- hsa-mir-6726-3p (MIRT666804)
- hsa-mir-211-5p (MIRT666805)
- hsa-mir-204-5p (MIRT666806)
- hsa-mir-584-5p (MIRT666807)
- hsa-mir-4290 (MIRT666808)
- hsa-mir-4685-3p (MIRT666809)
- hsa-mir-4287 (MIRT666810)
- hsa-mir-1181 (MIRT666811)
- hsa-mir-1249-3p (MIRT666812)
- hsa-mir-6832-3p (MIRT666813)
- hsa-mir-5579-5p (MIRT666814)
- hsa-mir-5680 (MIRT666815)
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PRLR
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PRLR
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PRLR
Clone Products
-
OriGene ORF clones in human for PRLR
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PRLR
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PRLR
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Overview of 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Overview of 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for PRLR
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for PRLR
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PRLR Gene
Localization for PRLR Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PRLR Gene
- Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
- Isoform 7: Secreted.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| plasma membrane | 5 |
| extracellular | 5 |
| endosome | 4 |
| peroxisome | 2 |
| nucleus | 2 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 1 |
| cytosol | 1 |
| lysosome | 1 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005576 | extracellular region | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | TAS | -- |
| GO:0009986 | cell surface | IDA | 10585417 |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | IEA | -- |
| GO:0016021 | integral component of membrane | IEA | -- |
No data available for Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for PRLR Gene
Pathways & Interactions for PRLR Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Prolactin Signaling Pathway | ||
| 2 | Growth hormone receptor signaling | ||
| 3 | PEDF Induced Signaling | ||
| 4 | Jak-STAT signaling pathway (KEGG) | ||
| 5 | Peptide ligand-binding receptors | ||
Pathways by source for PRLR Gene
5 BioSystems pathways for PRLR Gene
4 Reactome pathways for PRLR Gene
2 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathways for PRLR Gene
2 Qiagen pathways for PRLR Gene
1 Cell Signaling Technology pathway for PRLR Gene
Interacting Proteins for PRLR Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006694 | steroid biosynthetic process | NAS | 10585417 |
| GO:0007166 | cell surface receptor signaling pathway | NAS | 10585417 |
| GO:0007171 | activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity | IDA | 10585417 |
| GO:0007566 | embryo implantation | TAS | 9009200 |
| GO:0007595 | lactation | TAS,NAS | 10585417 |
Drugs & Compounds for PRLR Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Somatotropin | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | binder, Target | 0 | ||
| Fluoxymesterone | Approved, Illicit | Pharma | Target, antagonist | 0 | ||
| choriomammotropin | Pharma | Agonist | 0 | |||
| chorionic somatomammotropin hormone-like 1 | Pharma | Agonist | 0 | |||
| prolactin | Pharma | Agonist | 0 |
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs |
|---|
Drug Products
Transcripts for PRLR Gene
mRNA/cDNA for PRLR Gene
- (12) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (18) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (188) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (20) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
-
- ENST00000619676 1402 bps (uc021xxl.1)
- ENST00000620785 11063 bps (uc032uql.1)
- ENST00000509140 1610 bps (uc003jjh.3)
- ENST00000542609 1764 bps (uc003jjg.3)
- ENST00000514088 1440 bps (uc003jjj.3)
Unigene Clusters for PRLR Gene
- Prolactin receptor:
- Representative Sequences:
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PRLR
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PRLR
- Applied Biological Materials CRISPR for PRLR
-
Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PRLR
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for PRLR
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PRLR
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PRLR
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PRLR
Clone Products
-
OriGene ORF clones in human for PRLR
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PRLR
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PRLR
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Overview of 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Overview of 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for PRLR
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | · | 1c | ^ | 2a | · | 2b | ^ | 3a | · | 3b | · | 3c | ^ | 4a | · | 4b | ^ | 5 | ^ | 6a | · | 6b | ^ | 7 | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11a | · | 11b | · | 11c | ^ | 12a | · | 12b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP5: | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP6: | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP7: | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP8: | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP9: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP10: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP11: |
Expression for PRLR Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
-
Brain (Nervous System)
- Mature Choroid Plexus Cells Choroid Plexus
- Hypothalamus
- Medulla Oblongata
- Neural Tube (Nervous System)
-
Hair (Integumentary System)
- Zigzag Dermal Papilla Cells Dermal Papilla
- Guard Dermal Papilla Cells Dermal Papilla
-
Dermis (Integumentary System)
- Zigzag Dermal Papilla Cells Dermal Papilla
- Guard Dermal Papilla Cells Dermal Papilla
-
Ovary (Reproductive System)
- Granulosa Cells Primary Follicle
- Mature follicles(Skory RM et. al. 2012)
-
Liver (Hepatobiliary System)
- Mature Mesothelial Cells Liver Lobule
-
Epithelial Cells
- Mature Choroid Plexus Cells Choroid Plexus
-
Testis (Reproductive System)
- Testicular Interstitial Cells Testis Interstitium
- Gut Tube (Gastrointestinal Tract)
- Adipose (Muscoskeletal System)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for PRLR Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Cervix - Ectocervix (x7.9), Adrenal Gland (x6.3), Uterus (x5.7), and Cervix - Endocervix (x4.5).
This gene is overexpressed in Urine (62.1).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for PRLR Gene
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of PRLR Gene:
PRLRSOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PRLR Gene:
Hs.368587mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for PRLR Gene:
P16471-PRLR_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Expressed in breast, placenta, kidney, liver and pancreas.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PRLR Gene
- Nervous system(2.8)
- Kidney(2.3)
- Liver(2.1)
- Thyroid gland(2.1)
Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PRLR Gene
Germ Layers:
- ectoderm
- mesoderm
Systems:
- endocrine
- nervous
- reproductive
- skeleton
Regions:
Head and neck:
- brain
- head
- jaw
- mandible
- maxilla
- mouth
- neck
- pituitary gland
- skull
Thorax:
- breast
- chest wall
- clavicle
- rib
- rib cage
- scapula
- sternum
Pelvis:
- ovary
- pelvis
- penis
- testicle
- uterus
- vagina
Limb:
- ankle
- arm
- digit
- elbow
- femur
- fibula
- finger
- foot
- forearm
- hand
- hip
- humerus
- knee
- lower limb
- radius
- shin
- shoulder
- thigh
- tibia
- toe
- ulna
- upper limb
- wrist
General:
- spinal column
- vertebrae
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PRLR
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for PRLR
Gene Expression Assay Products
Orthologs for PRLR Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PRLR 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | PRLR 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PRLR 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Prlr 33 |
|
||
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Gm21973 34 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Prlr 16 34 33 |
|
||||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | PRLR 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | PRLR 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | PRLR 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | PRLR 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | prlr 33 |
|
||
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | prlr-B 33 |
|
||
| zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | prlra 34 33 |
|
OneToMany | |
| prlrb 34 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) |
Actinopterygii | Omy.8049 33 |
|
- Species where no ortholog for PRLR was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
- sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Evolution for PRLR Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for PRLR (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for PRLR (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for PRLR: view image
Paralogs for PRLR Gene
Variants for PRLR Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 05 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs398122522 | pathogenic, Hyperprolactinemia, Hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) [MIM:615555] | 35,070,174(-) | T/C | coding_sequence_variant, missense_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant | |
| rs72478580 | pathogenic, Multiple fibroadenomas of the breast, Multiple fibroadenomas of the breast (MFAB) [MIM:615554] | 35,072,610(-) | T/G | coding_sequence_variant, missense_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant | |
| rs1000003658 | -- | 35,098,890(-) | A/C | genic_upstream_transcript_variant, intron_variant | |
| rs1000004965 | -- | 35,054,632(-) | G/A | genic_downstream_transcript_variant, intron_variant | |
| rs1000016688 | -- | 35,078,478(-) | C/G/T | intron_variant |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
78.8% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
3.95;
59.75% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for PRLR Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PRLR Gene
Disorders for PRLR Gene
(14) MalaCards diseases for PRLR Gene - From: HGMD, OMIM, ClinVar, GTR, Orphanet, Swiss-Prot, DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| hyperprolactinemia |
|
|
| multiple fibroadenomas of the breast |
|
|
| breast disease |
|
|
| cerebral meningioma |
|
|
| postmenopausal atrophic vaginitis |
|
|
Search PRLR in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PRLR_HUMAN- Multiple fibroadenomas of the breast (MFAB) [MIM:615554]: A benign breast disease marked by lobuloalveolar growth with abnormally high proliferation of the epithelium, and characterized by the presence of more than 3 fibroadenomas in one breast. Fibroadenomas are adenomas containing fibrous tissue. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:18779591}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
- Hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) [MIM:615555]: A disorder characterized by increased levels of prolactin in the blood not associated with gestation or the puerperium. HPRL may result in infertility, hypogonadism, and galactorrhea. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:24195502}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Additional Disease Information for PRLR
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
No data available for Genatlas for PRLR Gene
Publications for PRLR Gene
- Identification of a gain-of-function mutation of the prolactin receptor in women with benign breast tumors. (PMID: 18779591) Bogorad RL … Benign Breast Diseases Study Group (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008) 3 4 22 44 58
- A comprehensive analysis of common genetic variation in prolactin (PRL) and PRL receptor (PRLR) genes in relation to plasma prolactin levels and breast cancer risk: the multiethnic cohort. (PMID: 18053149) Lee SA … Stram DO (BMC medical genetics 2007) 3 22 44 58
- Association of prolactin and its receptor gene regions with familial breast cancer. (PMID: 16434456) Vaclavicek A … Försti A (The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2006) 3 22 44 58
- Could prolactin receptor gene polymorphism play a role in pathogenesis of breast carcinoma? (PMID: 15119991) Canbay E … Bardakci F (Current medical research and opinion 2004) 3 22 44 58
- Functional characterization of the intermediate isoform of the human prolactin receptor. (PMID: 10585417) Kline JB … Clevenger CV (The Journal of biological chemistry 1999) 3 4 22 58
Products for PRLR Gene
- R&D Systems Antibodies for PRLR (Prolactin R)
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- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for PRLR
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- antibodies-online: Search results for 237 available Prolactin Receptor Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top Prolactin Receptor Antibodies
- Recommended
- 149 WB Antibodies (anti-human)
- 15 IHC Antibodies (anti-human)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 12 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 6 FACS Antibodies (anti-human)
- 1 CC Antibody (anti-human)
- 1 IF/ICC Antibody (anti-human)
- 49 WB Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 2 FACS Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 21 WB Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 2 FACS Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- antibodies-online: Search results for 11 available Prolactin Receptor Elisa Kits ranked by validation data
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- antibodies-online: Search results for 62 available Prolactin Receptor Proteins ranked by validation data
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- GeneTex Prlr Antibody for PRLR
- GeneTex Proteins for PRLR
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PRLR
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for PRLR siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PRLR
- Horizon Cell Lines for PRLR
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Overview of 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Overview of 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Overview of 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search results for 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Overview of 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Overview of 171 available Prolactin Receptor gene related products
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PRLR
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- GeneCopoeia miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for PRLR
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PRLR
Sources for PRLR Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) ASD
- (29) ECgene
- (30) GeneAnnot
- (31) CGAP SAGE
- (32) SOURCE
- (33) HomoloGene
- (34) PanEnsembl
- (35) euGenes
- (36) SGD
- (37) FlyBase
- (38) WormBase
- (39) Pseudogene
- (40) DGV
- (41) dbSNP
- (42) GenAtlas
- (43) HGMD
- (44) GAD
- (45) BGMUT
- (46) HuGE
- (47) Atlas
- (48) Cell Signaling Technology
- (49) GenBank
- (50) H-invDB
- (51) HORDE
- (52) HUGE
- (53) IMGT
- (54) Leiden
- (55) miRBase
- (56) DME
- (57) OriGene
- (58) PubMed
- (59) R&D Systems
- (60) TGDB
- (61) Tocris
- (62) Abcam
- (63) Novus Biologicals
- (64) ProSpec
- (65) Sino Biological
- (66) GenScript
- (67) Qiagen
- (68) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (69) OCA
- (70) Proteopedia
- (71) MOPED
- (72) neXtProt
- (73) Reactome
- (74) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (75) fRNAdb
- (76) DISEASES
- (77) SIMAP
- (78) GenomeRNAi
- (79) LifeMap
- (80) miRTarBase
- (81) MalaCards
- (82) Invitrogen
- (83) BitterDB
- (84) Vector BioLabs
- (85) ESI-BIO
- (86) RefSeq
- (87) BioSystems
- (88) MaxQB
- (89) IUPHAR
- (90) BioGPS
- (91) Illumina
- (92) COMPARTMENTS
- (93) HOMER
- (94) PaxDb
- (95) ApexBio
- (96) Addgene
- (97) antibodies-online
- (98) CYP
- (99) NONCODE
- (100) SwitchGear Genomics
- (101) TreeFam
- (102) PathCards
- (103) GeneReviews
- (104) GeneTex
- (105) Taconic Biosciences
- (106) GTEx
- (107) ProteomicsDB
- (108) SCBT
- (109) DGIdb
- (110) ClinicalTrials
- (111) FDA Approved Drugs
- (112) RVIS
- (113) SIGNOR
- (114) diseasecard
- (115) NIH Rare Diseases
- (116) Orphanet
- (117) UMLS
- (118) GTR
- (119) Disease Ontology
- (120) Genetics Home Reference
- (121) MeSH
- (122) MedlinePlus
- (123) CDC
- (124) NINDS
- (125) NCBI Bookshelf
- (126) ClinVar
- (127) Gene Damage Index
- (128) ViGene Biosciences
- (129) HPO
- (130) UDN
- (131) VISTA
- (132) FANTOM5
- (133) ENCODE
- (134) ProSci
- (135) Horizon
- (136) NURSA
- (137) IID
- (138) Cyagen
- (139) VectorBuilder
- (140) SNPedia
- (141) BRCA Exchange
- (142) St John's Lab
- (143) CIViC
- (144) ProteoGenix
- (145) dbSUPER
- (146) TISSUES
- (147) Gene ORGANizer
- (148) abm
- (149) CrownBio
- (150) Human Protein Atlas
- (151) GWAS Catalog
- (152) Monarch Initiative
- (153) DataMed
- (154) HumanCyc
- (155) genomics-online
- (156) UCNEbase
- (157) EPDnew
- (158) Applied Biosystems
- (159) GlyConnect
- (160) Aminode
- (161) GeneCopoeia
- (162) GPS-Prot
- (163) RNACentral
- (164) LncRNADisease
- (165) LOVD
- (166) miR2Disease
- (167) DiseaseEnhancer
- (168) Boster Bio
- (169) Biorbyt