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Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play distinct roles in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. This protein kinase is expressed solely in the brain and spinal cord and its localization is restricted to neurons. It has been demonstrated that several neuronal functions, including long term potentiation (LTP) and long term depression (LTD), specifically require this kinase. Knockout studies in mice also suggest that this kinase may be involved in neuropathic pain development. Defects in this protein have been associated with neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia-14 (SCA14). Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]
PRKCG (Protein Kinase C Gamma) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PRKCG include Spinocerebellar Ataxia 14 and Autosomal Dominant Cerebellar Ataxia. Among its related pathways are Role of Calcineurin-dependent NFAT signaling in lymphocytes and Wnt Signaling Pathway and Pluripotency. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups and protein tyrosine kinase activity. An important paralog of this gene is PRKCA.
Protein kinase C (PKC) refers to a family of serine/threonine protein kinases grouped by their activation mechanism. Conventional PKCs (cPKC alpha-, betaI- , betaII- and gamma-) are activated by phosphatidylserine in a calcium dependent manner and can bind diacylglycerol.
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0004672 | protein kinase activity | IDA | 15808853 |
GO:0004674 | protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IBA | 21873635 |
GO:0004697 | protein kinase C activity | TAS | 3755548 |
GO:0004698 | calcium-dependent protein kinase C activity | IEA | -- |
GO:0004712 | protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity | IDA | 22797923 |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0005634 | nucleus | IEA | -- |
GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA | -- |
GO:0005829 | cytosol | TAS,IEA | -- |
GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | ISS | -- |
GO:0005911 | cell-cell junction | IEA | -- |
SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | DAG and IP3 signaling |
.93
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2 | IL-2 Pathway |
ErbB Family Pathway
.59
ErbB4 Pathway
.59
Prolactin Signaling
.54
Thrombopoietin Pathway
.51
Growth Hormone Signaling
.49
|
ErbB2-ErbB3 Heterodimers
.49
IL-2 Pathway
.48
LPS Stimulated MAPK Signaling
.47
UVC-Induced MAPK Signaling
.44
PACAP Signaling
.37
|
3 | fMLP Pathway |
CCR3 Pathway in Eosinophils
.44
VEGF and S-1P Signaling
.44
fMLP Pathway
.43
|
CXCR4 Pathway
.39
Alpha-Adrenergic Signaling
.38
Huntington's Disease Pathway
.30
|
4 | RET signaling |
.92
|
|
5 | Aldosterone synthesis and secretion |
.41
|
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0006468 | protein phosphorylation | TAS | 3755548 |
GO:0007268 | chemical synaptic transmission | IEA | -- |
GO:0007611 | learning or memory | IEA | -- |
GO:0007635 | chemosensory behavior | IEA | -- |
GO:0016310 | phosphorylation | IDA | 15808853 |
Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium | Approved | Nutra | 7773 | |||
fostamatinib | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Target, inhibitor | Kinase Inhibitors | 0 | |
Tamoxifen | Approved | Pharma | Antagonist, Target, inhibitor | TGF-β modulatory and PKC inhibitory effects, ER antagonist, Anti-Estrogens | 446 | |
Ingenol mebutate | Approved | Pharma | 0 | |||
Staurosporine | Experimental | Pharma | Neutral, Allosteric regulator, Positive | Protein kinase inhibitor,potent and cell permeable | 60 |
Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
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ADP |
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Full agonist, Agonist, Partial agonist, Antagonist, Gating inhibitor | 58-64-0 |
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Diglycerides Group A |
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Diglycerides Group B |
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Diglycerides Group C |
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Diglycerides Group D |
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Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
Calphostin C | Potent, selective and photo-dependent PKC inhibitor | 121263-19-2 |
CGP 53353 | Selective inhibitor of PKCbetaII | 145915-60-2 |
GF 109203X | Protein kinase C inhibitor | 133052-90-1 |
Oncrasin 1 | Induces abnormal nuclear aggregation of PKCiota; proapoptotic | 75629-57-1 |
Rottlerin | Reported PKCdelta inhibitor | 82-08-6 |
Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) | Antioxidant, antiangiogenic and antitumor agent | 989-51-5 |
[Ser25] Protein Kinase C (19-31) | PKC substrate | 136795-05-6 |
Chelerythrine Chloride | PKC antagonist | 34316-15-9 |
Dequalinium Chloride | 522-51-0 | |
Enzastaurin (LY317615) | PKC beta inhibitor,potent and selective | 170364-57-5 |
GF 109203X | Protein kinase C,MLCK,PKG and PKA inhibitor | 133052-90-1 |
Go 6976 | PKCα/PKCβ1 inhibitor | 136194-77-9 |
Go 6983 | pan-PKC inhibitor | 133053-19-7 |
K-252c | Protein kinase inhibitor | 85753-43-1 |
Midostaurin (PKC412) | PKC inhibitor | 120685-11-2 |
Ro 31-8220 | pan-PKC inhibitor | 125314-64-9 |
Ro 31-8220 Mesylate | Pan-PKC inhibitor | 138489-18-6 |
Sotrastaurin (AEB071) | PKC inhibitor | 425637-18-9 |
Staurosporine | Protein kinase inhibitor,potent and cell permeable | 62996-74-1 |
ZIP | PKMζ inhibitor | 863987-12-6 |
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PRKCG 33 32 |
|
OneToOne | |
dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | -- 33 |
|
OneToMany | |
-- 33 |
|
OneToMany | |||
LOC100855828 32 |
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platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | PRKCG 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PRKCG 33 32 |
|
OneToOne | |
rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Prkcg 32 |
|
||
mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Prkcg 17 33 32 |
|
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lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | PRKCG 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | prkcg 32 |
|
||
zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | prkcg 33 32 |
|
OneToOne | |
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | Pkc53E 33 34 |
|
ManyToMany | |
inaC 33 34 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | pkc-2 33 34 |
|
OneToMany | |
R12G8.1 34 |
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