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Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play a distinct role in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. This kinase has been shown to be involved in many different cellular functions, such as neuron channel activation, apoptosis, cardioprotection from ischemia, heat shock response, as well as insulin exocytosis. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this kinase is important for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated signaling in activated macrophages and may also play a role in controlling anxiety-like behavior. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
PRKCE (Protein Kinase C Epsilon) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PRKCE include Short Syndrome and Anxiety. Among its related pathways are Adenylate cyclase inhibitory pathway and DAG and IP3 signaling. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups and protein tyrosine kinase activity. An important paralog of this gene is PRKCH.
Protein kinase C (PKC) refers to a family of serine/threonine protein kinases grouped by their activation mechanism. Conventional PKCs (cPKC alpha-, betaI- , betaII- and gamma-) are activated by phosphatidylserine in a calcium dependent manner and can bind diacylglycerol.
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0000166 | nucleotide binding | IEA | -- |
GO:0003785 | actin monomer binding | IEA,ISS | -- |
GO:0004672 | protein kinase activity | IEA | -- |
GO:0004674 | protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IBA,IDA | 15695813 |
GO:0004697 | protein kinase C activity | IDA | 18556656 |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0005634 | nucleus | IEA | -- |
GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA,IDA | 15632189 |
GO:0005739 | mitochondrion | IEA | -- |
GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum | IDA | 18556656 |
GO:0005794 | colocalizes_with Golgi apparatus | IEA,ISS | -- |
SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | IL-2 Pathway |
ErbB Family Pathway
.59
ErbB4 Pathway
.59
Prolactin Signaling
.54
Thrombopoietin Pathway
.51
Growth Hormone Signaling
.49
|
ErbB2-ErbB3 Heterodimers
.49
IL-2 Pathway
.48
LPS Stimulated MAPK Signaling
.47
UVC-Induced MAPK Signaling
.44
PACAP Signaling
.37
|
2 | RET signaling |
.92
|
|
3 | fMLP Pathway |
CCR3 Pathway in Eosinophils
.44
VEGF and S-1P Signaling
.44
fMLP Pathway
.43
Signal transduction Activation of PKC via G-Protein coupled receptor
.42
|
CXCR4 Pathway
.39
Alpha-Adrenergic Signaling
.38
Huntington's Disease Pathway
.31
|
4 | Development Angiotensin activation of ERK |
Development ACM2 and ACM4 activation of ERK
.73
Development Angiotensin signaling via PYK2
.68
Development G-Proteins mediated regulation MARK-ERK signaling
.65
Development EDNRB signaling
.54
|
Development EPO-induced MAPK pathway
.48
Cell adhesion Integrin inside-out signaling
.45
Signal transduction IP3 signaling
.40
|
5 | VEGF Signaling |
.38
|
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0002281 | macrophage activation involved in immune response | IEA | -- |
GO:0002376 | immune system process | IEA | -- |
GO:0006468 | protein phosphorylation | IEA,IDA | 18556656 |
GO:0006915 | apoptotic process | TAS | 10438519 |
GO:0007049 | cell cycle | IEA | -- |
Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fostamatinib | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Target, inhibitor | Kinase Inhibitors | 0 | |
Tamoxifen | Approved | Pharma | Agonist, Antagonist, Target, inhibitor | TGF-β modulatory and PKC inhibitory effects, ER antagonist, Anti-Estrogens | 451 | |
Ingenol mebutate | Approved | Pharma | 0 | |||
Staurosporine | Experimental | Pharma | Allosteric regulator, Positive, Neutral | Protein kinase inhibitor,potent and cell permeable | 9 | |
KAI-1455 | Investigational | Pharma | Target, activator | 0 |
Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADP |
|
Agonist, Full agonist, Partial agonist, Gating inhibitor, Antagonist | 58-64-0 |
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Diglycerides Group A |
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Diglycerides Group B |
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Diglycerides Group C |
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Diglycerides Group D |
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Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
Calphostin C | Potent, selective and photo-dependent PKC inhibitor | 121263-19-2 |
CGP 53353 | Selective inhibitor of PKCbetaII | 145915-60-2 |
GF 109203X | Protein kinase C inhibitor | 133052-90-1 |
Oncrasin 1 | Induces abnormal nuclear aggregation of PKCiota; proapoptotic | 75629-57-1 |
Rottlerin | Reported PKCdelta inhibitor | 82-08-6 |
Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) | Antioxidant, antiangiogenic and antitumor agent | 989-51-5 |
Chelerythrine Chloride | PKC antagonist | 34316-15-9 |
Dequalinium Chloride | 522-51-0 | |
Enzastaurin (LY317615) | PKC beta inhibitor,potent and selective | 170364-57-5 |
GF 109203X | Protein kinase C,MLCK,PKG and PKA inhibitor | 133052-90-1 |
Go 6976 | PKCα/PKCβ1 inhibitor | 136194-77-9 |
Go 6983 | pan-PKC inhibitor | 133053-19-7 |
K-252c | Protein kinase inhibitor | 85753-43-1 |
Ro 31-8220 Mesylate | Pan-PKC inhibitor | 138489-18-6 |
Sotrastaurin (AEB071) | PKC inhibitor | 425637-18-9 |
Staurosporine | Protein kinase inhibitor,potent and cell permeable | 62996-74-1 |
ZIP | PKMζ inhibitor | 863987-12-6 |
ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5 | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7 | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11 | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13 | ^ | 14 | ^ | 15 | ^ | 16 | ^ | 17 | ^ | 18 | ^ | 19a | · | 19b | ^ | 20 | ^ | 21a | · | 21b | ^ | 22a | · | 22b | ^ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SP1: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP2: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP3: | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP4: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP5: |
ExUns: | 23 |
---|---|
SP1: | |
SP2: | |
SP3: | |
SP4: | |
SP5: |
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals and fungi.
Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PRKCE 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | PRKCE 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | PRKCE 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PRKCE 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Prkce 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Prkce 30 |
|
||
Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | PRKCE 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | PRKCE 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | prkce 30 |
|
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Str.13025 30 |
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Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | prkcea 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
prkceb 30 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
Dr.12470 30 |
|
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Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | Pkc98E 30 31 32 |
|
OneToMany | |
African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | AgaP_AGAP002748 30 |
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Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | pkc-1 30 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
F48G7.10 32 |
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R12G8.1 32 |
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tpa-1 32 |
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A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii) |
Saccharomycetes | AGOS_ACR191C 30 |
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Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) |
Saccharomycetes | PKC1 30 |
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K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis) |
Saccharomycetes | KLLA0E06447g 30 |
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Bread mold (Neurospora crassa) |
Ascomycetes | NCU06544 30 |
|
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Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | CSA.2703 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) |
Schizosaccharomycetes | pck2 30 |
|
||
Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis) |
Ascidiacea | Cin.9021 30 |
|
SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 02 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
720098 | Benign: not provided | 46,010,445(+) | A/G | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT | |
770339 | Benign: not provided | 46,007,502(+) | A/G | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT | |
771697 | Benign: not provided | 46,010,391(+) | G/A | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT | |
780348 | Benign: not provided | 46,159,645(+) | G/A | MISSENSE_VARIANT | |
795885 | Likely Benign: not provided | 45,976,482(+) | C/A | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT |