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This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of... See more...
Aliases for PPARG Gene
Aliases for PPARG Gene
External Ids for PPARG Gene
- HGNC: 9236
- Entrez Gene: 5468
- Ensembl: ENSG00000132170
- OMIM: 601487
- UniProtKB: P37231
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PPARG Gene
- GC03P012258
- GC03P012304
- GC03P012305
- GC03P012263
- GC03P012328
Summaries for PPARG Gene
-
This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
GeneCards Summary for PPARG Gene
PPARG (Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PPARG include Lipodystrophy, Familial Partial, Type 3 and Carotid Intimal Medial Thickness 1. Among its related pathways are Transcriptional misregulation in cancer and Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins.. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include DNA-binding transcription factor activity and chromatin binding. An important paralog of this gene is PPARA.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for PPARG Gene
-
Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses. Plays a role in the regulation of cardiovascular circadian rhythms by regulating the transcription of ARNTL/BMAL1 in the blood vessels (By similarity).
-
(Microbial infection) Upon treatment with M.tuberculosis or its lipoprotein LpqH, phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and IL-6 production are modulated, probably via this protein.
-
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a member of the nuclear receptor family of ligand-activated transcription factors that heterodimerize with the retinoic X receptor (RXR) to regulate gene expression.
Additional gene information for PPARG Gene
- HGNC(9236)
- Entrez Gene(5468)
- Ensembl(ENSG00000132170)
- OMIM(601487)
- UniProtKB(P37231)
- Open Targets Platform(ENSG00000132170)
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for PPARG at DataMed
- Search for PPARG at HumanCyc
No data available for CIViC Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for PPARG Gene
Genomics for PPARG Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs
Promoters and enhancers for PPARG Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around PPARG on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PPARG
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PPARG gene promoter:
-
- C/EBPalpha
- CREB
- deltaCREB
Genomic Locations for PPARG Gene
Genomic Locations for PPARG Gene
- chr3:12,287,368-12,434,356
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 146,989 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
- chr3:12,328,867-12,475,855
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 146,989 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for PPARG Gene
Genes around PPARG on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 3p25.2 by HGNC
- 3p25.2 by Entrez Gene
- 3p25.2 by Ensembl
PPARG Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for PPARG Gene
Proteins for PPARG Gene
-
Protein details for PPARG Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P37231-PPARG_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
- Protein Accession:
- P37231
- A8K3G6
- B5BUA1
- O00684
- O00710
- O14515
- Q0QJH8
- Q15178
- Q15179
- Q15180
- Q15832
- Q86U60
- Q96J12
Protein attributes for PPARG Gene
- Size:
- 505 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 57620 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Interacts with FOXO1 (acetylated form) (By similarity). Heterodimer with other nuclear receptors, such as RXRA. The heterodimer with the retinoic acid receptor RXRA is called adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6. Interacts with NCOA6 coactivator, leading to a strong increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with coactivator PPARBP, leading to a mild increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with NOCA7 in a ligand-inducible manner. Interacts with NCOA1 and NCOA2 LXXLL motifs. Interacts with ASXL1, ASXL2, DNTTIP2, FAM120B, MAP2K1/MEK1, NR0B2, PDPK1, PRDM16, PRMT2 and TGFB1I1. Interacts (when activated by agonist) with PPP5C. Interacts with HELZ2 and THRAP3; the interaction stimulates the transcriptional activity of PPARG. Interacts with PER2, the interaction is ligand dependent and blocks PPARG recruitment to target promoters. Interacts with NOCT. Interacts with ACTN4. Interacts (when in the liganded conformation) with GPS2 (By similarity). Interacts with CRY1 and CRY2 in a ligand-dependent manner (By similarity). In the absence of hormonal ligand, interacts with TACC1 (PubMed:20078863).
- SequenceCaution:
-
- Sequence=AAN38992.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=BAA23354.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=BAF83270.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=CAA62153.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
- Miscellaneous:
-
- [Isoform 3]: Exhibits dominant negative activity over isoform 1.
Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for PPARG Gene
Protein Expression for PPARG Gene
Post-translational modifications for PPARG Gene
- O-GlcNAcylation at Thr-84 reduces transcriptional activity in adipocytes.
- Phosphorylated in basal conditions and dephosphorylated when treated with the ligand. May be dephosphorylated by PPP5C. The phosphorylated form may be inactive and dephosphorylation at Ser-112 induces adipogenic activity (By similarity).
-
Glycosylation at Thr84
- NX_P37231 (NX_P37231-1)
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
Other Protein References for PPARG Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
-
- ENSP00000380205
- ENSP00000380224
- ENSP00000312472
- ENSP00000380210
- ENSP00000494934
- ENSP00000495840
- ENSP00000494873
- ENSP00000411931
- ENSP00000498500
- ENSP00000498717
- ENSP00000498300
- ENSP00000498313
- ENSP00000380221
- ENSP00000392285
- ENSP00000380196
- ENSP00000287820
- ENSP00000380218
- ENSP00000380195
- ENSP00000498354
- ENSP00000499004
- ENSP00000380207
- ENSP00000498420
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- NSJ Bioreagents PPARG Antibody
- Creative Diagnostics Anti-PPARG monoclonal antibody, clone 9E2I9G5
- BioLegend PPARgamma Antibody
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PPARG
-
Abcam antibodies for PPARG
- Invitrogen Antibodies for PPARG (AFLGC-PPARG)
- antibodies-online: Show 112 available PPARG Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PPARG Antibodies
-
Recommended
- 121 WB Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 46 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 4 IP Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 1 EIA Antibody (anti-mouse)
- 1 FACS Antibody (anti-mouse)
- 1 IHC Antibody (anti-mouse)
- 251 WB Antibodies (anti-human)
- 46 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 4 IP Antibodies (anti-human)
- 2 IHC Antibodies (anti-human)
- 2 RIA Antibodies (anti-human)
- 1 EIA Antibody (anti-human)
- 1 FACS Antibody (anti-human)
- 1 IF Antibody (anti-human)
- 89 WB Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 46 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 4 IP Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 1 EIA Antibody (anti-rat)
- 1 FACS Antibody (anti-rat)
-
Boster Bio Antibodies for PPARG
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PPARG
Protein Products
- Creative Biomart Recombinant Human PPARG, 209-477 aa, His-tagged
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PPARG
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PPARG
- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for PPARG
- Sino Biological Cell Lysates for PPARG
- ProSpec Recombinant Proteins for PPARG
-
ProSci Proteins for PPARG
-
Abcam proteins for PPARG
Assay Products
- antibodies-online: Show 99 available PPARG Elisa Kits ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PPARG Elisa Kits
-
Quality Products:
- ABIN6574233
- ABIN1116429
- ABIN5690762
- ABIN366589
- ABIN414461
- ABIN1571974
- ABIN5522374
- ABIN5668920
- ABIN5593133
- ABIN771145
- ABIN1116432
- ABIN367893
- ABIN415421
- ABIN1571975
- ABIN5522375
- ABIN5669991
- ABIN773551
- ABIN773690
- ABIN1380254
- ABIN456119
- ABIN1116431
- ABIN416144
- ABIN368258
- ABIN1571976
- ABIN5522376
- ABIN579910
- ABIN5670652
- ABIN5593135
- ABIN772352
- ABIN994514
- ABIN994523
- ABIN1147554
-
Abcam assays for PPARG
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for PPARG Gene
Domains & Families for PPARG Gene
Gene Families for PPARG Gene
- HGNC:
- IUPHAR :
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Cancer-related genes
- Disease related genes
- FDA approved drug targets
- Nuclear receptors
- Plasma proteins
- Predicted intracellular proteins
- Transcription factors
Protein Domains for PPARG Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
-
- Steroid hormone receptor signature
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (1C nuclear receptor) signature
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma signature
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PPARG Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (B6ZGS2_HUMAN)
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptor gamma variant 1 (D2KUA6_HUMAN)
- Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 3 (PPARG_HUMAN)
- Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma (Q4W4C6_HUMAN)
- Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma (Q4W4C7_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
P37231UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
PPARG_HUMAN :- The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
- Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
- Domain:
-
- The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
Function for PPARG Gene
Molecular function for PPARG Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses. Plays a role in the regulation of cardiovascular circadian rhythms by regulating the transcription of ARNTL/BMAL1 in the blood vessels (By similarity).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- (Microbial infection) Upon treatment with M.tuberculosis or its lipoprotein LpqH, phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and IL-6 production are modulated, probably via this protein.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
- (Microbial infection) Expression increases when incubated with M.tuberculosis or its lipoprotein LpqH; induction is TLR2-dependent (at protein level).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
- PDPK1 activates its transcriptional activity independently of its kinase activity.
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor,steroid/thyroid hormone coactivator receptor superfamily,heterodimerizing with RXR*,coactivated by SRCO1,expressed (isoform 1) in the diploid trophoblast lineages and required for placental development,expressed at low levels in preadipocytes,induced by CEBPB and CEBPD,coexpressed with and coregulated by PPARG,jointly required for full adipocyte differentiation and fat deposition with variability influencing plasma leptin levels in obese humans,modulator of insulin sensitivity and control of glucose homostasis and blood pressure and activation of antidiabetic effect of thiazolidinediones,negative regulator of macrophage activation,inhibiting production of monocyte inflammatory cytokines,increasing PAI1 expression in endothelial cells.
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for PPARG Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000976 | transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | IBA,ISS | -- |
| GO:0000977 | RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0000981 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific | ISM | 19274049 |
| GO:0001103 | RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor binding | IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0001227 | DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific | IBA | 21873635 |
Phenotypes for PPARG Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for PPARG:
-
inferred from 29 alleles
- nervous system phenotype
- immune system phenotype
- normal phenotype
- cardiovascular system phenotype
- cellular phenotype
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- mortality/aging
- muscle phenotype
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- growth/size/body region phenotype
- liver/biliary system phenotype
- renal/urinary system phenotype
- neoplasm
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- reproductive system phenotype
- vision/eye phenotype
- hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype
- skeleton phenotype
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- integument phenotype
- embryo phenotype
- adipose tissue phenotype
- no phenotypic analysis
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PPARG:
-
- Mildly decreased CFP-tsO45G cell surface transport
- no effect
- Decreased viability
- Decreased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- Decreased shRNA abundance (Z-score < -2)
- Increased endosome-nucleus distance (endosomes dispersed in the cell periphery)
- Reduced mammosphere formation
- Decreased viability in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) lineage
- Decreased shRNA abundance
- Decreased human papilloma virus 16 (HPV16) pseudovirus infection
- Increased ionizing radiation sensitivity
- Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)
- Decreased ionizing radiation sensitivity
- Decreased viability in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) lineage; decreased viability in pancreas lineage
Animal Models for PPARG Gene
Animal Model Products
-
Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for PPARG
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for PPARG - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PPARG CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PPARG
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PPARG
miRNA for PPARG Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target PPARG
-
- mmu-miR-27a-3p (MIRT003259)
- hsa-miR-20b-5p (MIRT004000)
- hsa-miR-27b-3p (MIRT005023)
- hsa-miR-138-5p (MIRT005489)
- hsa-miR-130a-3p (MIRT005957)
- hsa-miR-130b-3p (MIRT005958)
- mmu-miR-27b-3p (MIRT006159)
- hsa-miR-20a-5p (MIRT006754)
- hsa-miR-1-3p (MIRT023678)
- hsa-miR-215-5p (MIRT024414)
- hsa-miR-192-5p (MIRT026368)
- hsa-miR-27a-3p (MIRT054499)
- ssc-miR-130b (MIRT437363)
- hsa-miR-218-5p (MIRT439927)
- mmu-miR-146a-5p (MIRT732709)
- ssc-miR-27b-3p (MIRT732785)
- rno-miR-27a-5p (MIRT735018)
Targeted motifs for PPARG Gene
HOMER Transcription Factor Regulatory Elements motif PPARG
- Consensus sequence: TGACCTTTGCCCCA Submotif: DR1 Cell Type: 3T3L1 GEO ID: GSE13511
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PPARG
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PPARG
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PPARG
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for PPARG - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PPARG as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
- MG208132
- MG227473
- MR208132
- MR208132L3
- MR208132L4
- MR227473
- MR227473L3
- MR227473L4
- RC201538
- RC201538L3
- RC201538L4
- RC212181
- RC212181L1
- RC212181L2
- RC212181L3
- RC212181L4
- RC212449
- RC212449L1
- RC212449L2
- RC212449L3
- RC212449L4
- RC212502
- RC212502L1
- RC212502L2
- RC212502L3
- RC212502L4
- RG201538
- RG212181
- RG212449
- RG212502
- RR200398
- RR200398L1
- RR200398L2
- RR200398L3
- RR200398L4
- RR200399
- RR200399L1
- RR200399L2
- RR200399L3
- RR200399L4
- RR216752
- MR208132L3V
- MR208132L4V
- MR227473L3V
- MR227473L4V
- RC201538L3V
- RC201538L4V
- RC212181L1V
- RC212181L2V
- RC212181L3V
- RC212181L4V
- RC212449L1V
- RC212449L2V
- RC212449L3V
- RC212449L4V
- RC212502L1V
- RC212502L2V
- RC212502L3V
- RC212502L4V
- RR200398L1V
- RR200398L2V
- RR200398L3V
- RR200398L4V
- RR200399L1V
- RR200399L2V
- RR200399L3V
- RR200399L4V
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PPARG
- Addgene plasmids for PPARG
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PPARG
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for PPARG
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) and Transcription Factor Targets for PPARG Gene
Localization for PPARG Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PPARG Gene
- Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Note=Redistributed from the nucleus to the cytosol through a MAP2K1/MEK1-dependent manner. NOCT enhances its nuclear translocation.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| nucleus | 5 |
| peroxisome | 4 |
| cytosol | 4 |
| plasma membrane | 3 |
| extracellular | 3 |
| cytoskeleton | 3 |
| mitochondrion | 3 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 3 |
| endosome | 2 |
| lysosome | 2 |
| golgi apparatus | 2 |
- Nucleoplasm (4)
- Vesicles (4)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000790 | nuclear chromatin | ISA | -- |
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | IBA,IDA | 9568716 |
| GO:0005654 | nucleoplasm | TAS | -- |
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005829 | cytosol | ISS | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for PPARG Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) | ||
| 2 | Gene Expression |
.48
|
|
| 3 | Metabolism |
.40
|
|
| 4 | Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway | ||
| 5 | Glucose / Energy Metabolism | ||
Pathways by source for PPARG Gene
1 Sino Biological pathway for PPARG Gene
13 BioSystems pathways for PPARG Gene
10 Reactome pathways for PPARG Gene
1 PharmGKB pathway for PPARG Gene
9 KEGG pathways for PPARG Gene
3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathways for PPARG Gene
- Development Beta-adrenergic receptors signaling via cAMP
- Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via MAPK in human cells
- Transcription PPAR Pathway
2 R&D Systems pathways for PPARG Gene
1 Tocris pathway for PPARG Gene
1 Qiagen pathway for PPARG Gene
- PPAR Pathway
1 Cell Signaling Technology pathway for PPARG Gene
Interacting Proteins for PPARG Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
P37231-PPARG_HUMAN
ENSP00000287820
for PPARG Gene via
UniProtKB
STRING
IID
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for PPARG
SIGNOR curated interactions for PPARG Gene
- Activates:
- Inactivates:
- Is activated by:
- Is inactivated by:
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | ISS | -- |
| GO:0001890 | placenta development | ISS | -- |
| GO:0002674 | negative regulation of acute inflammatory response | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006355 | regulation of transcription, DNA-templated | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006357 | regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | ISS | -- |
Drugs & Compounds for PPARG Gene
(209) Drugs for PPARG Gene - From: DrugBank, PharmGKB, ApexBio, DGIdb, IUPHAR, HMDB, Tocris, and Novoseek
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pioglitazone | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Agonist, Full agonist, Channel blocker, Target, agonist | 477 | ||
| Rosiglitazone | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Agonist, Full agonist, Activator, Activation, Channel blocker, Target, agonist | Potent PPARγ agonist, Potent and selective PPARgamma agonist; antidiabetic agent. | 226 | |
| Troglitazone | Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn | Pharma | Agonist, Full agonist, Channel blocker, Target, agonist | Selective PPARγ agonist, Selective PPARgamma agonist; antidiabetic agent | 8 | |
| Indomethacin | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Agonist, Partial agonist, Full agonist, Inhibitor, Inhibition, Target, activator, inhibitor | Cox inhibitor | 150 | |
| Bezafibrate | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Agonist, Target, agonist | 16 |
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15-deoxy-δ 12 14-prostaglandin J2 |
|
Agonist, Full agonist |
|
|||
| CDDO |
|
Agonist, Partial agonist |
|
|||
| thiazolidinone |
|
Agonist, Partial agonist |
|
|||
| (2E)-Decenoyl-CoA |
|
10018-95-8 |
|
|||
| (2E)-Dodecenoyl-CoA |
|
1066-12-2 |
|
(5) Tocris Compounds for PPARG Gene
| Compound | Action | Cas Number |
|---|---|---|
| Ciglitazone | Selective PPARgamma agonist | 74772-77-3 |
| GW 1929 hydrochloride | Selective PPARgamma agonist. Orally active | 1217466-21-1 |
| nTZDpa | Potent, selective PPARgamma partial agonist | 118414-59-8 |
| Rosiglitazone | Potent and selective PPARgamma agonist; antidiabetic agent. | 122320-73-4 |
| Troglitazone | Selective PPARgamma agonist; antidiabetic agent | 97322-87-7 |
(27) ApexBio Compounds for PPARG Gene
| Compound | Action | Cas Number |
|---|---|---|
| 15-deoxy-Δ-12,14-Prostaglandin J2 | 87893-55-8 | |
| AUDA | 479413-70-2 | |
| BADGE | 1675-54-3 | |
| Balaglitazone | PPAR-γ partial agonist | 199113-98-9 |
| Bezafibrate | 41859-67-0 | |
| Ciglitazone | 74772-77-3 | |
| Ciprofibrate | 52214-84-3 | |
| CP 775146 | 702680-17-9 | |
| Fenofibrate | 49562-28-9 | |
| Gemfibrozil | 25812-30-0 | |
| GSK 0660 | 1014691-61-2 | |
| GW 7647 | 265129-71-3 | |
| GW1929 | Potent PPARγ agonist | 196808-24-9 |
| GW9662 | PPARγ antagonist | 22978-25-2 |
| Inolitazone | PPARgamma agonist | 223132-37-4 |
| Inolitazone dihydrochloride | PPARγ agonist,high-affinity and novel | 223132-38-5 |
| Pioglitazone | 111025-46-8 | |
| Pioglitazone HCl | PPARγ agonist | 112529-15-4 |
| Rosiglitazone | Potent PPARγ agonist | 122320-73-4 |
| Rosiglitazone HCl | 302543-62-0 | |
| Rosiglitazone maleate | PPARγ agonist,high-affinity and selective,potent insulin sensitizer | 155141-29-0 |
| S26948 | 353280-43-0 | |
| SR 1664 | 1338259-05-4 | |
| SR 202 | PPAR antagonist | 76541-72-5 |
| T0070907 | Human PPARγ antagonist,potent and selective | 313516-66-4 |
| Tesaglitazar | 251565-85-2 | |
| Troglitazone | Selective PPARγ agonist | 97322-87-7 |
Drug Products
- Creative Biomart Recombinant Human PPARG, 209-477 aa, His-tagged
- ApexBio compounds for PPARG
Transcripts for PPARG Gene
mRNA/cDNA for PPARG Gene
- 16 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 36 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 24 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000287820 1850 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000309576 1870 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000396999 1335 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000397000 1122 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000397010 2017 nts (view in UCSC)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for PPARG - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PPARG CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
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-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PPARG
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
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Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for PPARG - Select products 50% OFF >
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- MG208132
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- MR208132
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- RC201538
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- RG201538
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- RR200398
- RR200398L1
- RR200398L2
- RR200398L3
- RR200398L4
- RR200399
- RR200399L1
- RR200399L2
- RR200399L3
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- RR216752
- MR208132L3V
- MR208132L4V
- MR227473L3V
- MR227473L4V
- RC201538L3V
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- RC212181L1V
- RC212181L2V
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- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PPARG
- Addgene plasmids for PPARG
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PPARG
| ExUns: | 1 | ^ | 2a | · | 2b | ^ | 3a | · | 3b | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5 | ^ | 6a | · | 6b | ^ | 7 | ^ | 8a | · | 8b | · | 8c | ^ | 9a | · | 9b | · | 9c | ^ | 10a | · | 10b | ^ | 11 | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13a | · | 13b | · | 13c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP5: | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP6: | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP7: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP8: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP9: | - | - | - | - | - |
Relevant External Links for PPARG Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- PPARG
Expression for PPARG Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
-
Adipose (Muscoskeletal System)
- Subcutaneous White Preadipocytes Subcutaneous White Adipose
- Subcutaneous White Preadipocytes Facial Subcutaneous White Adipose
- Preadipocytes Cranial Subcutaneous White Adipose
- Subcutaneous White Adipocytes Subcutaneous White Adipose
- Lumbar Brown Adipocyte Cells Lumbar Brown Adipose Depot
- Bone (Muscoskeletal System)
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells
-
Epidermis (Integumentary System)
- Granular Keratinocytes Stratified Epidermis
- Spinous Keratinocytes Stratified Epidermis
- Intermediate Keratinocytes Embryonic Epidermis
-
Epithelial Cells
- Granular Keratinocytes Stratified Epidermis
- Spinous Keratinocytes Stratified Epidermis
- Intermediate Keratinocytes Embryonic Epidermis
- Cartilage (Muscoskeletal System)
- Blood (Hematopoietic System)
- Kidney (Urinary System)
-
Limb (Muscoskeletal System)
- Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Pelvic Girdle
-
Hair (Integumentary System)
- Sebocytes Sebaceous Gland
-
Dermis (Integumentary System)
- Dermal Fibroblasts Dorsal Dermis
-
Fibroblasts
- Dermal Fibroblasts Dorsal Dermis
- Neural Crest (Gastrulation Derivatives)
- Paraxial Mesoderm (Gastrulation Derivatives)
- Umbilical Cord (Extraembryonic Tissues)
- NULL (Uncategorized)
-
Placenta (Extraembryonic Tissues)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for PPARG Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Adipose - Visceral (Omentum) (x9.0), Adipose - Subcutaneous (x8.6), and Breast - Mammary Tissue (x5.0).
This gene is overexpressed in Placenta (69.0).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for PPARG Gene
- Elite partner
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PPARG
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PPARG Gene:
Hs.162646mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for PPARG Gene:
P37231-PPARG_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Highest expression in adipose tissue. Lower in skeletal muscle, spleen, heart and liver. Also detectable in placenta, lung and ovary.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PPARG Gene
- Heart(4.7)
- Bone marrow(4.6)
- Liver(3.8)
- Intestine(3.8)
- Muscle(3.7)
- Kidney(3.5)
- Blood(3.5)
- Nervous system(3.4)
- Skin(3.3)
- Thyroid gland(3.2)
- Spleen(3.2)
- Lung(3.1)
- Stomach(3.1)
- Pancreas(3.1)
- Bone(3)
- Lymph node(2.8)
- Adrenal gland(2.7)
- Eye(2.6)
- Urine(2.5)
- Gall bladder(2.3)
Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PPARG Gene
Germ Layers:
- ectoderm
- endoderm
- mesoderm
Systems:
- cardiovascular
- digestive
- endocrine
- immune
- integumentary
- lymphatic
- nervous
- reproductive
- respiratory
- skeletal muscle
- skeleton
- urinary
Regions:
Head and neck:
- brain
- ear
- eye
- face
- forehead
- head
- jaw
- larynx
- mandible
- maxilla
- mouth
- neck
- pituitary gland
- salivary gland
- skull
- thyroid
- tooth
Thorax:
- breast
- chest wall
- clavicle
- diaphragm
- esophagus
- heart
- heart valve
- lung
- rib
- rib cage
- scapula
- sternum
Abdomen:
- abdominal wall
- duodenum
- intestine
- kidney
- liver
- pancreas
- small intestine
- spleen
- stomach
Pelvis:
- fallopian tube
- ovary
- pelvis
- penis
- placenta
- prostate
- testicle
- uterus
- vagina
- vas deferens
- vulva
Limb:
- ankle
- arm
- digit
- elbow
- femur
- fibula
- finger
- foot
- forearm
- hand
- hip
- humerus
- knee
- lower limb
- nail
- radius
- shin
- shoulder
- thigh
- tibia
- toe
- ulna
- upper limb
- wrist
General:
- blood
- blood vessel
- coagulation system
- hair
- peripheral nerve
- peripheral nervous system
- red blood cell
- skin
- spinal column
- sweat gland
- vertebrae
- white blood cell
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PPARG
Gene Expression Assay Products
Orthologs for PPARG Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PPARG 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | PPARG 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | PPARG 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PPARG 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Pparg 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Pparg 30 |
|
||
| Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | PPARG 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | PPARG 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | PPARG 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | PPARg 30 |
|
||
| Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | Str.16633 30 |
|
||
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | pparg 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | Eip75B 32 |
|
|
|
| Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | sex-1 32 |
|
|
|
| Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis) |
Ascidiacea | Cin.186 30 |
|
- Species where no ortholog for PPARG was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- Corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
- Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa)
- Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
- Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- Soybean (Glycine max)
- Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Evolution for PPARG Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for PPARG (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for PPARG (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for PPARG: view image
Paralogs for PPARG Gene
Paralogs for PPARG Gene
(36) SIMAP similar genes for PPARG Gene using alignment to 12 proteins:
- PPARG_HUMAN
- D2KUA6_HUMAN
- E7EU07_HUMAN
- E7EUD1_HUMAN
- E9PFJ1_HUMAN
- E9PFV2_HUMAN
- E9PFV3_HUMAN
- E9PFX5_HUMAN
- Q4W448_HUMAN
- Q4W4C6_HUMAN
- Q4W4C7_HUMAN
- Q6L9M1_HUMAN
Variants for PPARG Gene
Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PPARG Gene
- PPARG_HUMAN-P37231
- Genetic variations in PPARG define the body mass index quantitative trait locus 1 (BMIQ1) [MIM:606641]. The body max index (BMI) reflects the amount of fat, lean mass, and body build.
- PPARG_HUMAN-P37231
- Genetic variations in PPARG influence the carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) [MIM:609338]. CIMT is a measure of atherosclerosis that is independently associated with traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors and coronary atherosclerotic burden. 35 to 45% of the variability in multivariable-adjusted CIMT is explained by genetic factors.
Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for PPARG Gene
| SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 03 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 709025 | Likely Benign: not provided | 12,416,835(+) | C/T | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT,INTRON_VARIANT | |
| 712679 | Benign: not provided | 12,416,868(+) | C/A | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT,INTRON_VARIANT | |
| 717269 | Benign: not provided | 12,434,052(+) | G/A | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT,THREE_PRIME_UTR_VARIANT | |
| 720030 | Likely Benign: not provided | 12,379,774(+) | C/T | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT,FIVE_PRIME_UTR_VARIANT | |
| 728652 | Likely Benign: not provided | 12,434,133(+) | G/A | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT,THREE_PRIME_UTR_VARIANT |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| dgv763e201 | CNV | deletion | 23290073 |
| dgv850e199 | CNV | deletion | 23128226 |
| esv2661678 | CNV | deletion | 23128226 |
| esv2669014 | CNV | deletion | 23128226 |
| esv2724933 | CNV | deletion | 23290073 |
| esv3561485 | CNV | deletion | 23714750 |
| esv3595320 | CNV | loss | 21293372 |
| esv3595321 | CNV | loss | 21293372 |
| esv3595322 | CNV | gain | 21293372 |
| esv3595323 | CNV | gain | 21293372 |
| esv4138 | CNV | loss | 18987735 |
| esv7808 | CNV | loss | 19470904 |
| nsv1000995 | CNV | gain | 25217958 |
| nsv1073206 | CNV | deletion | 25765185 |
| nsv1112379 | CNV | deletion | 24896259 |
| nsv1131682 | CNV | deletion | 24896259 |
| nsv1147269 | CNV | deletion | 26484159 |
| nsv3702 | CNV | deletion | 18451855 |
| nsv589700 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| nsv7351 | OTHER | inversion | 18451855 |
| nsv979804 | CNV | duplication | 23825009 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
15.7% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
4.88;
67.52% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for PPARG Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
Disorders for PPARG Gene
(121) MalaCards diseases for PPARG Gene - From: UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, OMIM, ClinVar, GTR, Orphanet, DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| lipodystrophy, familial partial, type 3 |
|
|
| carotid intimal medial thickness 1 |
|
|
| body mass index quantitative trait locus 11 |
|
|
| leptin deficiency or dysfunction |
|
|
| berardinelli-seip congenital lipodystrophy |
|
|
Search PPARG in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PPARG_HUMAN- Note=Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin-resistant diabetes and hyptertension. PPARG mutations may be associated with colon cancer. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:10394368}.
- Obesity (OBESITY) [MIM:601665]: A condition characterized by an increase of body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:9753710}. Note=Disease susceptibility may be associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
- Lipodystrophy, familial partial, 3 (FPLD3) [MIM:604367]: A form of lipodystrophy characterized by marked loss of subcutaneous fat from the extremities. Facial adipose tissue may be increased, decreased or normal. Affected individuals show an increased preponderance of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:11788685, ECO:0000269 PubMed:12453919}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
- Glioma 1 (GLM1) [MIM:137800]: Gliomas are benign or malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells. They comprise astrocytomas and glioblastoma multiforme that are derived from astrocytes, oligodendrogliomas derived from oligodendrocytes and ependymomas derived from ependymocytes. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:10851250}. Note=Disease susceptibility may be associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Polymorphic PPARG alleles have been found to be significantly over-represented among a cohort of American patients with sporadic glioblastoma multiforme suggesting a possible contribution to disease susceptibility.
Genatlas disease for PPARG Gene
marked obesity with a high body-mass index and a defect in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation associated with type 2 diabetes
Additional Disease Information for PPARG
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
- Open Targets Platform
Publications for PPARG Gene
- Association of the PPARGC1A gene polymorphism with diabetic nephropathy in an Asian Indian population (CURES-41). (PMID: 19900151) Gayathri SB … Mohan V (Metabolic syndrome and related disorders 2010) 3 23 41
- Relationship of five type 2 diabetes candidate gene polymorphisms to the age at diagnosis of diabetes in the Slovakian population. (PMID: 20437825) Kozarova M … Tkac I (Bratislavske lekarske listy 2010) 3 23 41
- PPARgamma gene C161T substitution alters lipid profile in Chinese patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. (PMID: 20334678) Wan J … Roy S (Cardiovascular diabetology 2010) 3 23 41
- C-reactive protein -717C>T genetic polymorphism associates with esophagectomy-induced stress hyperglycemia. (PMID: 20145925) Motoyama S … Ogawa J (World journal of surgery 2010) 3 23 41
- PPARG and ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms increase type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in Asian Indian Sikhs: Pro12Ala still remains as the strongest predictor. (PMID: 19846176) Sanghera DK … Kamboh IM (Metabolism: clinical and experimental 2010) 3 23 41
ExternalLinks
Products for PPARG Gene
- OriGene Antibodies for PPARG