POSTN Gene (Protein Coding)

Periostin

GC13M037562
GIFtS:
43
This gene encodes a secreted extracellular matrix protein that functions in tissue development and regeneration, including wound healing, and ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction. The encoded protein binds to integrins to support adhesion and migration of epithelial cells. This protein plays a role in cancer stem cell maintenance and metastasis. Mice lacking t... See more...

Aliases for POSTN Gene

Aliases for POSTN Gene

  • Periostin 2 2 3 4 5
  • OSF-2 2 3 4
  • PN 2 3 4
  • Periostin, Osteoblast Specific Factor 2 3
  • OSF2 3 4
  • Osteoblast Specific Factor 2 (Fasciclin I-Like) 3
  • Periodontal Ligament-Specific Periostin 3
  • Osteoblast Specific Factor 2 2
  • Osteoblast-Specific Factor 2 4
  • PDLPOSTN 3
  • POSTN 5

External Ids for POSTN Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for POSTN Gene

  • GC13M035934
  • GC13M037034
  • GC13M038136
  • GC13M018936

Summaries for POSTN Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for POSTN Gene

  • This gene encodes a secreted extracellular matrix protein that functions in tissue development and regeneration, including wound healing, and ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction. The encoded protein binds to integrins to support adhesion and migration of epithelial cells. This protein plays a role in cancer stem cell maintenance and metastasis. Mice lacking this gene exhibit cardiac valve disease, and skeletal and dental defects. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

GeneCards Summary for POSTN Gene

POSTN (Periostin) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with POSTN include Melorheostosis and Myocardial Infarction. Among its related pathways are Amplification and Expansion of Oncogenic Pathways as Metastatic Traits and Hypothesized Pathways in Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include heparin binding and cell adhesion molecule binding. An important paralog of this gene is TGFBI.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for POSTN Gene

  • Induces cell attachment and spreading and plays a role in cell adhesion (PubMed:12235007). Enhances incorporation of BMP1 in the fibronectin matrix of connective tissues, and subsequent proteolytic activation of lysyl oxidase LOX (By similarity).

Gene Wiki entry for POSTN Gene

Additional gene information for POSTN Gene

No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for POSTN Gene

Genomics for POSTN Gene

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs

Download GeneHancer 2017 data
Promoters and enhancers for POSTN Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Identifier GH Type GH
Score		 GH Sources Gene Association Score Total Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor
Binding Sites		 Gene Targets
GH13J037594 Promoter/Enhancer 1.8 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE CraniofacialAtlas dbSUPER 605.4 +1.8 1788 6.1 MNT JUND CEBPB POLR2A SMARCA4 NANOG POU5F1 POSTN HSALNG0096438 TRPC4 MN298678-021 CSNK1A1L
GH13J037491 Enhancer 1 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 9.1 +105.7 105743 3 ATF7 SMARCA4 ATF2 POSTN LINC01048 piR-53029-031 CSNK1A1L
GH13J037526 Enhancer 0.9 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 8.7 +71.6 71646 1.2 PRDM1 ZNF366 SMARCA4 POSTN LINC00547 piR-31311-008 CSNK1A1L
GH13J037445 Enhancer 0.8 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE 6.6 +151.4 151382 3.7 FOS BHLHE40 MAFK POSTN lnc-POSTN-3 piR-51137-033 lnc-EXOSC8-1 CSNK1A1L
GH13J037530 Promoter/Enhancer 1.1 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 4.2 +65.9 65878 4.5 CEBPB FOS MAFK NFE2L2 LINC00547 POSTN MN298678-021 piR-31311-008 CSNK1A1L
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around POSTN on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path

Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for POSTN

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the POSTN gene promoter:
  • E2F
  • E2F-1
  • Evi-1
  • GATA-3
  • HOXA5
  • Lhx3a
  • LHX3b
  • Lmo2
  • Nkx2-2
  • SRY

Genomic Locations for POSTN Gene

Genomic Locations for POSTN Gene
chr13:37,562,582-37,598,844
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
36,263 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand
chr13:38,136,719-38,172,981
(GRCh37/hg19)
Size:
36,263 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

Genomic View for POSTN Gene

Genes around POSTN on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
POSTN Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for POSTN Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for POSTN Gene

Proteins for POSTN Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for POSTN Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    Q15063-POSTN_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Periostin
    Protein Accession:
    Q15063
    Secondary Accessions:
    • B1ALD8
    • C0IMJ1
    • C0IMJ2
    • C0IMJ4
    • D2KRH7
    • F5H628
    • Q15064
    • Q29XZ0
    • Q3KPJ5
    • Q5VSY5
    • Q8IZF9

    Protein attributes for POSTN Gene

    Size:
    836 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    93314 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • Interacts with BMP1 and fibronectin.

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for POSTN Gene

    Alternative splice isoforms for POSTN Gene

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

neXtProt entry for POSTN Gene

Protein Expression for POSTN Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Post-translational modifications for POSTN Gene

  • Gamma-carboxylation is controversial. Gamma-carboxyglutamated; gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation; this may be required for calcium binding (PubMed:18450759). According to a more recent report, does not contain vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxyglutamate residues (PubMed:26273833).
  • Glycosylation at Asn599
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
  • Glycosylation from GlyConnect
    • POSTN_HUMAN (1599)

Other Protein References for POSTN Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Antibody Products

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for POSTN Gene

Domains & Families for POSTN Gene

Gene Families for POSTN Gene

HGNC:
Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Cancer-related genes
  • Plasma proteins
  • Predicted secreted proteins

Protein Domains for POSTN Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
  • EMI
  • Beta-Ig-H3/Fasciclin domain
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for POSTN Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
  • Osteoblast-specific factor 2 (POSTN_HUMAN)
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with POSTN: view

No data available for Graphical View of Domain Structure and UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for POSTN Gene

Function for POSTN Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line

Molecular function for POSTN Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Induces cell attachment and spreading and plays a role in cell adhesion (PubMed:12235007). Enhances incorporation of BMP1 in the fibronectin matrix of connective tissues, and subsequent proteolytic activation of lysyl oxidase LOX (By similarity).

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for POSTN Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for POSTN Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005201 extracellular matrix structural constituent RCA 20551380
GO:0005515 protein binding IPI 19478074
GO:0008201 heparin binding ISS --
GO:0046872 metal ion binding IDA 18450759
GO:0050839 cell adhesion molecule binding IBA 21873635
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with POSTN: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with POSTN: view

Animal Models for POSTN Gene

MGI Knock Outs for POSTN:

Animal Model Products

  • Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for POSTN

CRISPR Products

miRNA for POSTN Gene

miRTarBase miRNAs that target POSTN

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for POSTN

Clone Products

No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for POSTN Gene

Localization for POSTN Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for POSTN Gene

Golgi apparatus. Secreted. Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. Note=Colocalizes with BMP1 in the Golgi. {ECO:0000250 UniProtKB:Q62009}.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for POSTN gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 5
golgi apparatus 4
plasma membrane 3
cytoskeleton 3
endoplasmic reticulum 3
mitochondrion 2
nucleus 2
cytosol 2
peroxisome 1
endosome 1
lysosome 1

Subcellular locations from the

Human Protein Atlas (HPA)
  • Golgi apparatus (3)
  • Nucleoplasm (2)
See all subcellular structures

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for POSTN Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005576 extracellular region IEA --
GO:0005615 extracellular space IBA 21873635
GO:0005737 cytoplasm IEA --
GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus IEA --
GO:0005802 trans-Golgi network IDA 19478074
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with POSTN: view

Pathways & Interactions for POSTN Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with POSTN: view

SIGNOR curated interactions for POSTN Gene

Is inactivated by:

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for POSTN Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0001666 response to hypoxia IEA --
GO:0001953 negative regulation of cell-matrix adhesion IEA --
GO:0003073 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure IEA --
GO:0007155 cell adhesion IBA,IDA 12235007
GO:0008593 regulation of Notch signaling pathway IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with POSTN: view

Drugs & Compounds for POSTN Gene

Products:

  1. Drug

(2) Drugs for POSTN Gene - From: HMDB and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Calcium Nutra 6556

(1) Additional Compounds for POSTN Gene - From: Novoseek

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with POSTN: view

Transcripts for POSTN Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone

mRNA/cDNA for POSTN Gene

8 REFSEQ mRNAs :
22 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
10 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for POSTN

Clone Products

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for POSTN Gene

ExUns: 1 ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14 ^ 15 ^ 16a · 16b ^ 17 ^ 18a · 18b · 18c ^ 19a · 19b · 19c ^ 20a · 20b ^
SP1: - - -
SP2: - - - - - -
SP3: - - - -
SP4: - - - - - -
SP5: - - - - - - - -
SP6: -
SP7: -
SP8: -
SP9:

ExUns: 21a · 21b ^ 22 ^ 23a · 23b · 23c · 23d
SP1: -
SP2: -
SP3:
SP4: - -
SP5: - -
SP6: - -
SP7:
SP8:
SP9:

Relevant External Links for POSTN Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
POSTN

Expression for POSTN Gene

Products:

  1. Primer
  2. Gene Expression Assay

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and SAGE for POSTN Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for POSTN Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for POSTN GenemRNA expression by GTEx for POSTN Gene

mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for POSTN Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Artery - Coronary (x4.6), Artery - Aorta (x4.4), and Heart - Atrial Appendage (x4.2).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for POSTN Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Breast (37.1).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for POSTN Gene



Protein tissue co-expression partners for POSTN Gene

- Elite partner

Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for POSTN

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for POSTN Gene:

Hs.136348

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for POSTN Gene:

Q15063-POSTN_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Widely expressed with highest levels in aorta, stomach, lower gastrointestinal tract, placenta, uterus, thyroid tissue and breast. Up-regulated in epithelial ovarian tumors. Not expressed in normal ovaries. Also highly expressed at the tumor periphery of lung carcinoma tissue but not within the tumor. Overexpressed in breast cancers.

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for POSTN Gene

  • Liver(4.6)
  • Bone marrow(4.5)
  • Heart(3.7)
  • Skin(3.5)
  • Muscle(3.5)
  • Pancreas(3.5)
  • Bone(3.2)
  • Lung(3.1)
  • Eye(3.1)
  • Intestine(2.9)
  • Blood(2.9)
  • Stomach(2.8)
  • Kidney(2.8)
  • Lymph node(2.7)
  • Nervous system(2.5)
  • Thyroid gland(2.3)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with POSTN: view

No data available for Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for POSTN Gene

Orthologs for POSTN Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for POSTN Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia POSTN 30 31
  • 99.6 (n)
 OneToOne
Dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia POSTN 30 31
  • 92.88 (n)
 OneToOne
Cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia POSTN 30 31
  • 91.36 (n)
 OneToOne
Oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia POSTN 31
  • 89 (a)
 OneToOne
Platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia POSTN 31
  • 86 (a)
 OneToOne
Mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Postn 30 17 31
  • 85.17 (n)
 OneToOne
Rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Postn 30
  • 85.02 (n)
Chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves POSTN 30
  • 74.71 (n)
OSF-2 31
  • 74 (a)
 OneToOne
Lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia POSTN 31
  • 71 (a)
 OneToOne
Tropical Clawed Frog
(Silurana tropicalis)
 Amphibia postn 30
  • 69.74 (n)
Zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii postnb 30 31
  • 60.67 (n)
 OneToMany
postna 31
  • 42 (a)
 OneToMany
Fruit Fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta Fas1 31
  • 19 (a)
 ManyToMany
mfas 31
  • 16 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG43333 31
  • 7 (a)
 ManyToMany
Worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans)
 Secernentea F26E4.7 31
  • 19 (a)
 OneToMany
Species where no ortholog for POSTN was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • Corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
  • Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • Pig (Sus scrofa)
  • Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • Rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
  • Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • Soybean (Glycine max)
  • Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Evolution for POSTN Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for POSTN (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for POSTN (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for POSTN: view image

Paralogs for POSTN Gene

Paralogs for POSTN Gene

(1) SIMAP similar genes for POSTN Gene using alignment to 4 proteins:

  • POSTN_HUMAN
  • B1ALD8_HUMAN
  • B1ALD9_HUMAN
  • F5H628_HUMAN
genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with POSTN: view

Variants for POSTN Gene

Products:

  1. SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay

Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for POSTN Gene

SNP ID Clinical significance and condition Chr 13 pos Variation AA Info Type
709654 Benign: not provided 37,592,110(-) G/A SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT
722406 Benign: not provided 37,584,822(-) G/A SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT
757603 Likely Benign: not provided 37,584,738(-) A/G SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT
779644 Benign: not provided 37,590,444(-) C/T SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT
782576 Benign: not provided 37,569,335(-) A/G MISSENSE_VARIANT,INTRON_VARIANT

Additional dbSNP identifiers (rs#s) for POSTN Gene

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for POSTN Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
esv34109 CNV loss 18971310
esv3892331 CNV gain 25118596
nsv818956 CNV gain 17921354
nsv832583 CNV loss 17160897

Variation tolerance for POSTN Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 12% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 6.17; 75.83% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for POSTN Gene

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
POSTN
SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
POSTN

SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for POSTN Gene

Disorders for POSTN Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(25) MalaCards diseases for POSTN Gene - From: DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards

Disorder Aliases PubMed IDs
melorheostosis
  • melorheostosis, isolated
myocardial infarction
  • myocardial infarction, susceptibility to
esophagus carcinoma in situ
  • carcinoma in situ of esophagus
esophagitis
  • acute esophagitis
fibrous dysplasia
  • fibrous dysplasia of bone
- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards
Search POSTN in MalaCards View complete list of genes associated with diseases

Additional Disease Information for POSTN

Genetic Association Database
(GAD)
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Open Targets Platform
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with POSTN: view

No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for POSTN Gene

Publications for POSTN Gene

  1. Periostin secreted by epithelial ovarian carcinoma is a ligand for alpha(V)beta(3) and alpha(V)beta(5) integrins and promotes cell motility. (PMID: 12235007) Gillan L … Chang DD (Cancer research 2002) 2 3 4 23
  2. Osteoblast-specific factor 2: cloning of a putative bone adhesion protein with homology with the insect protein fasciclin I. (PMID: 8363580) Takeshita S … Amann E (The Biochemical journal 1993) 2 3 4 23
  3. Periostin, a member of a novel family of vitamin K-dependent proteins, is expressed by mesenchymal stromal cells. (PMID: 18450759) Coutu DL … Galipeau J (The Journal of biological chemistry 2008) 3 4 23
  4. Polymorphisms in the KDR and POSTN genes: association with breast cancer susceptibility and prognosis. (PMID: 16807673) Försti A … Hemminki K (Breast cancer research and treatment 2007) 3 23 41
  5. Acquired expression of periostin by human breast cancers promotes tumor angiogenesis through up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 expression. (PMID: 15082792) Shao R … Wang XF (Molecular and cellular biology 2004) 3 4 23

ExternalLinks

View latest publications for POSTN gene in Mastermind

Products for POSTN Gene

  • Signalway ELISA kits for POSTN
  • Signalway Proteins for POSTN

Sources for POSTN Gene