Free for academic non-profit institutions. Other users need a Commercial license
The Ser/Thr protein kinase encoded by this gene belongs to the CDC5/Polo subfamily. It is highly expressed during mitosis and elevated levels are found in many different types of cancer. Depletion of this protein in cancer cells dramatically inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis; hence, it is a target for cancer therapy. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015] See more...
Aliases for PLK1 Gene
Aliases for PLK1 Gene
External Ids for PLK1 Gene
- HGNC: 9077
- Entrez Gene: 5347
- Ensembl: ENSG00000166851
- OMIM: 602098
- UniProtKB: P53350
Previous HGNC Symbols for PLK1 Gene
- PLK
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PLK1 Gene
- GC16P023657
- GC16P023658
- GC16P023597
- GC16P023690
- GC16P021779
- GC16P023691
- GC16P023698
- GC16P023706
- GC16P023712
- GC16P023719
- GC16P023726
- GC16P023833
- GC16P023844
- GC16P023850
- GC16P023869
- GC16P023737
- GC16P023748
- GC16P023760
- GC16P023772
- GC16P023788
- GC16P023799
- GC16P023810
- GC16P023822
Summaries for PLK1 Gene
-
The Ser/Thr protein kinase encoded by this gene belongs to the CDC5/Polo subfamily. It is highly expressed during mitosis and elevated levels are found in many different types of cancer. Depletion of this protein in cancer cells dramatically inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis; hence, it is a target for cancer therapy. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
GeneCards Summary for PLK1 Gene
PLK1 (Polo Like Kinase 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PLK1 include Gonococcal Keratitis and Brain Glioma. Among its related pathways are Organelle biogenesis and maintenance and Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups and protein tyrosine kinase activity. An important paralog of this gene is PLK2.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for PLK1 Gene
-
Serine/threonine-protein kinase that performs several important functions throughout M phase of the cell cycle, including the regulation of centrosome maturation and spindle assembly, the removal of cohesins from chromosome arms, the inactivation of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) inhibitors, and the regulation of mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Polo-like kinase proteins acts by binding and phosphorylating proteins are that already phosphorylated on a specific motif recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates BORA, BUB1B/BUBR1, CCNB1, CDC25C, CEP55, ECT2, ERCC6L, FBXO5/EMI1, FOXM1, KIF20A/MKLP2, CENPU, NEDD1, NINL, NPM1, NUDC, PKMYT1/MYT1, KIZ, PPP1R12A/MYPT1, PRC1, RACGAP1/CYK4, SGO1, STAG2/SA2, TEX14, TOPORS, p73/TP73, TPT1, WEE1 and HNRNPU. Plays a key role in centrosome functions and the assembly of bipolar spindles by phosphorylating KIZ, NEDD1 and NINL. NEDD1 phosphorylation promotes subsequent targeting of the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gTuRC) to the centrosome, an important step for spindle formation. Phosphorylation of NINL component of the centrosome leads to NINL dissociation from other centrosomal proteins. Involved in mitosis exit and cytokinesis by phosphorylating CEP55, ECT2, KIF20A/MKLP2, CENPU, PRC1 and RACGAP1. Recruited at the central spindle by phosphorylating and docking PRC1 and KIF20A/MKLP2; creates its own docking sites on PRC1 and KIF20A/MKLP2 by mediating phosphorylation of sites subsequently recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates RACGAP1, thereby creating a docking site for the Rho GTP exchange factor ECT2 that is essential for the cleavage furrow formation. Promotes the central spindle recruitment of ECT2. Plays a central role in G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle by phosphorylating CCNB1, CDC25C, FOXM1, CENPU, PKMYT1/MYT1, PPP1R12A/MYPT1 and WEE1. Part of a regulatory circuit that promotes the activation of CDK1 by phosphorylating the positive regulator CDC25C and inhibiting the negative regulators WEE1 and PKMYT1/MYT1. Also acts by mediating phosphorylation of cyclin-B1 (CCNB1) on centrosomes in prophase. Phosphorylates FOXM1, a key mitotic transcription regulator, leading to enhance FOXM1 transcriptional activity. Involved in kinetochore functions and sister chromatid cohesion by phosphorylating BUB1B/BUBR1, FBXO5/EMI1 and STAG2/SA2. PLK1 is high on non-attached kinetochores suggesting a role of PLK1 in kinetochore attachment or in spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) regulation. Required for kinetochore localization of BUB1B. Regulates the dissociation of cohesin from chromosomes by phosphorylating cohesin subunits such as STAG2/SA2. Phosphorylates SGO1: required for spindle pole localization of isoform 3 of SGO1 and plays a role in regulating its centriole cohesion function. Mediates phosphorylation of FBXO5/EMI1, a negative regulator of the APC/C complex during prophase, leading to FBXO5/EMI1 ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. Acts as a negative regulator of p53 family members: phosphorylates TOPORS, leading to inhibit the sumoylation of p53/TP53 and simultaneously enhance the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of p53/TP53. Phosphorylates the transactivation domain of the transcription factor p73/TP73, leading to inhibit p73/TP73-mediated transcriptional activation and pro-apoptotic functions. Phosphorylates BORA, and thereby promotes the degradation of BORA. Contributes to the regulation of AURKA function. Also required for recovery after DNA damage checkpoint and entry into mitosis. Phosphorylates MISP, leading to stabilization of cortical and astral microtubule attachments required for proper spindle positioning (PubMed:8991084, PubMed:11202906, PubMed:12207013, PubMed:12447691, PubMed:12524548, PubMed:12738781, PubMed:12852856, PubMed:12939256, PubMed:14532005, PubMed:14734534, PubMed:15070733, PubMed:15148369, PubMed:15469984, PubMed:16198290, PubMed:16247472, PubMed:16980960, PubMed:17081991, PubMed:17351640, PubMed:17376779, PubMed:17617734, PubMed:18174154, PubMed:18331714, PubMed:18418051, PubMed:18477460, PubMed:18521620, PubMed:18615013, PubMed:19160488, PubMed:19351716, PubMed:19468300, PubMed:19468302, PubMed:19473992, PubMed:19509060, PubMed:19597481, PubMed:23455478, PubMed:23509069). Together with MEIKIN, acts as a regulator of kinetochore function during meiosis I: required both for mono-orientation of kinetochores on sister chromosomes and protection of centromeric cohesin from separase-mediated cleavage (By similarity). Phosphorylates CEP68 and is required for its degradation (PubMed:25503564). Regulates nuclear envelope breakdown during prophase by phosphorylating DCTN1 resulting in its localization in the nuclear envelope (PubMed:20679239). Phosphorylates the heat shock transcription factor HSF1, promoting HSF1 nuclear translocation upon heat shock (PubMed:15661742). Phosphorylates HSF1 also in the early mitotic period; this phosphorylation regulates HSF1 localization to the spindle pole, the recruitment of the SCF(BTRC) ubiquitin ligase complex induicing HSF1 degradation, and hence mitotic progression (PubMed:18794143). Regulates mitotic progression by phosphorylating RIOK2 (PubMed:21880710).
-
Polo-like kinases (PLKs) are a family of four serine/threonine protein kinases that are critical regulators of cell cycle progression, mitosis, cytokinesis, and the DNA damage response. PLK1, -2 and -3 are ubiquitously expressed, whereas PLK4 is restricted to a few tissues.
Additional gene information for PLK1 Gene
- HGNC(9077)
- Entrez Gene(5347)
- Ensembl(ENSG00000166851)
- OMIM(602098)
- UniProtKB(P53350)
- Open Targets Platform(ENSG00000166851)
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for PLK1 at DataMed
- Search for PLK1 at HumanCyc
No data available for PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for PLK1 Gene
Genomics for PLK1 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs
Promoters and enhancers for PLK1 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around PLK1 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PLK1
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PLK1 gene promoter:
-
- AP-2alpha
- AP-2alphaA
- AP-2beta
- AP-2gamma
- E4BP4
- FOXD1
- LCR-F1
- STAT5A
Genomic Locations for PLK1 Gene
Genomic Locations for PLK1 Gene
- chr16:23,677,656-23,690,367
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 12,712 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
- chr16:23,688,977-23,701,688
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 12,712 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for PLK1 Gene
Genes around PLK1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 16p12.2 by HGNC
- 16p12.2 by Entrez Gene
- 16p12.2 by Ensembl
PLK1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for PLK1 Gene
Proteins for PLK1 Gene
-
Protein details for PLK1 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P53350-PLK1_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1
- Protein Accession:
- P53350
- Q15153
- Q99746
Protein attributes for PLK1 Gene
- Size:
- 603 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 68255 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Interacts with CEP170 and EVI5. Interacts and phosphorylates ERCC6L. Interacts with FAM29A. Interacts with SLX4/BTBD12 and TTDN1. Interacts with BUB1B. Interacts (via POLO-box domain) with the phosphorylated form of BUB1, CENPU and CDC25C. Interacts with isoform 3 of SGO1. Interacts with BORA, KIF2A and AURKA. Interacts with TOPORS and CYLD. Interacts with ECT2; the interaction is stimulated upon phosphorylation of ECT2 on 'Thr-444'. Interacts with PRC1. Interacts with KIF20A/MKLP2 (when phosphorylated), leading to the recruitment at the central spindle. Interacts (via POLO box domains) with PPP1R12A/MYPT1 (when previously phosphorylated by CDK1). Part of an astrin (SPAG5)-kinastrin (SKAP) complex containing KNSTRN, SPAG5, PLK1, DYNLL1 and SGO2. Interacts with BIRC6/bruce. Interacts with CDK1-phosphorylated FRY; this interaction occurs in mitotic cells, but not in interphase cells. FRY interaction facilitates AURKA-mediated PLK1 phosphorylation. Interacts with CDK1-phosphorylated DCTN6 during mitotic prometaphase; the interaction facilitates recruitment to kinetochores. Interacts with CEP68; the interaction phosphorylates CEP68 (PubMed:25503564). Interacts (via POLO-box domain) with DCTN1 (PubMed:20679239). Interacts with CEP20 in later G1, S, G2 and M phases of the cell cycle; this interaction recruits PLK1 to centrosomes, a step required for S phase progression (PubMed:24018379). Interacts with HSF1; this interaction increases upon heat shock but does not modulate neither HSF1 homotrimerization nor DNA-binding activities (PubMed:15661742, PubMed:18794143). Interacts with HNRNPU; this interaction induces phosphorylation of HNRNPU in mitosis (PubMed:25986610). Interacts (via its N-terminus) to RIOK2 (PubMed:21880710). Interacts with KLHL22 (PubMed:24067371, PubMed:23455478).
Protein Expression for PLK1 Gene
Selected DME Specific Peptides for PLK1 Gene
- P53350:
-
- TPREGDELARLP
- WSIGCIMYTLLVGKPPFETSCLKETY
- GHSFEVD
- VVLELCRRRSLLELHKRRKA
- TEPEARY
- LLNDEFFT
- LGKGGFA
- ESYLTVSSHPNSL
- KLGNLFLN
- GRFLGKGGFA
- HRDLKLGN
- VFAGKIV
- PPRFSIAPS
- KPHQREK
- LVGKPPFE
- RIKKNEYS
- NEYSIPKHINPVA
- YIAPEVL
- MVDKLLSSRSA
- VIHRDLK
- GYQLCDNSVGVLFND
- KELASRLRYAR
- RQEEAEDPA
- CGTPNYIAPE
Post-translational modifications for PLK1 Gene
- Catalytic activity is enhanced by phosphorylation of Thr-210. Phosphorylation at Thr-210 is first detected on centrosomes in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, peaks in prometaphase and gradually disappears from centrosomes during anaphase. Dephosphorylation at Thr-210 at centrosomes is probably mediated by protein phosphatase 1C (PP1C), via interaction with PPP1R12A/MYPT1. Autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of Ser-137 may not be significant for the activation of PLK1 during mitosis, but may enhance catalytic activity during recovery after DNA damage checkpoint. Phosphorylated in vitro by STK10.
- Ubiquitinated by the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) in anaphase and following DNA damage, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Ubiquitination is mediated via its interaction with FZR1/CDH1. Ubiquitination and subsequent degradation prevents entry into mitosis and is essential to maintain an efficient G2 DNA damage checkpoint. Monoubiquitination at Lys-492 by the BCR(KLHL22) ubiquitin ligase complex does not lead to degradation: it promotes PLK1 dissociation from phosphoreceptor proteins and subsequent removal from kinetochores, allowing silencing of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and chromosome segregation.
-
Ubiquitination at Lys9, Lys19, Lys272, Lys480, and Lys492
- NX_P53350 (NX_P53350-1)
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
Other Protein References for PLK1 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- G Biosciences Immunotag™ PLK1 Antibody and Immunotag™ Phospho-PLK1 (Thr210) Antibody
- NSJ Bioreagents PLK1 Antibody
-
Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for PLK1
- AP07487PU-N
- AP20264PU-N
- AP23177PU-N
- AP31885PU-N
- AP32818PU-N
- CF500383
- CF500388
- CF500389
- CF500393
- CF500395
- CF500396
- CF500401
- TA300014
- TA309215
- TA309216
- TA319250
- TA327377
- TA328019
- TA328020
- TA336437
- TA349604
- TA353386L
- TA500383
- TA500383S
- TA500388
- TA500388S
- TA500389
- TA500389S
- TA500393
- TA500393S
- TA500395
- TA500395S
- TA500396
- TA500396S
- TA500401
- TA500401S
- TA600111
- TA700111
- TA700137
- TA700138
- TA700139
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PLK1
-
Abcam antibodies for PLK1
- Invitrogen Antibodies for PLK1 (AFLGC-Plk1)
- antibodies-online: Show 89 available PLK1 Antibodies ranked by validation data
-
Boster Bio Antibodies for PLK1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PLK1
- Sino Biological Antibodies for PLK1
Protein Products
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PLK1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PLK1
- Sino Biological Cell Lysates for PLK1
- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for PLK1
- antibodies-online: Search results for available PLK1 related products ranked by validation data
-
Abcam proteins for PLK1
Assay Products
- antibodies-online: Search results for available PLK1 related products ranked by validation data
-
Signalway ELISA kits for PLK1
Domains & Families for PLK1 Gene
Gene Families for PLK1 Gene
- IUPHAR :
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Cancer-related genes
- Disease related genes
- Enzymes
- Potential drug targets
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein Domains for PLK1 Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
-
- POLO box duplicated region
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PLK1 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- cDNA FLJ51423, highly similar to Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 (EC 2.7.11.21) (B4E083_HUMAN)
- Polo-like kinase 1 (Drosophila), isoform CRA_b (D3DWF3_HUMAN)
- Serine/threonine-protein kinase 13 (PLK1_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
P53350UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
PLK1_HUMAN :- The POLO box domains act as phosphopeptide-binding module that recognize and bind serine-[phosphothreonine/phosphoserine]-(proline/X) motifs. PLK1 recognizes and binds docking proteins that are already phosphorylated on these motifs, and then phosphorylates them. PLK1 can also create its own docking sites by mediating phosphorylation of serine-[phosphothreonine/phosphoserine]-(proline/X) motifs subsequently recognized by the POLO box domains.
- Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC5/Polo subfamily.
- Domain:
-
- The POLO box domains act as phosphopeptide-binding module that recognize and bind serine-[phosphothreonine/phosphoserine]-(proline/X) motifs. PLK1 recognizes and binds docking proteins that are already phosphorylated on these motifs, and then phosphorylates them. PLK1 can also create its own docking sites by mediating phosphorylation of serine-[phosphothreonine/phosphoserine]-(proline/X) motifs subsequently recognized by the POLO box domains.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC5/Polo subfamily.
Function for PLK1 Gene
Molecular function for PLK1 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Serine/threonine-protein kinase that performs several important functions throughout M phase of the cell cycle, including the regulation of centrosome maturation and spindle assembly, the removal of cohesins from chromosome arms, the inactivation of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) inhibitors, and the regulation of mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Polo-like kinase proteins acts by binding and phosphorylating proteins are that already phosphorylated on a specific motif recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates BORA, BUB1B/BUBR1, CCNB1, CDC25C, CEP55, ECT2, ERCC6L, FBXO5/EMI1, FOXM1, KIF20A/MKLP2, CENPU, NEDD1, NINL, NPM1, NUDC, PKMYT1/MYT1, KIZ, PPP1R12A/MYPT1, PRC1, RACGAP1/CYK4, SGO1, STAG2/SA2, TEX14, TOPORS, p73/TP73, TPT1, WEE1 and HNRNPU. Plays a key role in centrosome functions and the assembly of bipolar spindles by phosphorylating KIZ, NEDD1 and NINL. NEDD1 phosphorylation promotes subsequent targeting of the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gTuRC) to the centrosome, an important step for spindle formation. Phosphorylation of NINL component of the centrosome leads to NINL dissociation from other centrosomal proteins. Involved in mitosis exit and cytokinesis by phosphorylating CEP55, ECT2, KIF20A/MKLP2, CENPU, PRC1 and RACGAP1. Recruited at the central spindle by phosphorylating and docking PRC1 and KIF20A/MKLP2; creates its own docking sites on PRC1 and KIF20A/MKLP2 by mediating phosphorylation of sites subsequently recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates RACGAP1, thereby creating a docking site for the Rho GTP exchange factor ECT2 that is essential for the cleavage furrow formation. Promotes the central spindle recruitment of ECT2. Plays a central role in G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle by phosphorylating CCNB1, CDC25C, FOXM1, CENPU, PKMYT1/MYT1, PPP1R12A/MYPT1 and WEE1. Part of a regulatory circuit that promotes the activation of CDK1 by phosphorylating the positive regulator CDC25C and inhibiting the negative regulators WEE1 and PKMYT1/MYT1. Also acts by mediating phosphorylation of cyclin-B1 (CCNB1) on centrosomes in prophase. Phosphorylates FOXM1, a key mitotic transcription regulator, leading to enhance FOXM1 transcriptional activity. Involved in kinetochore functions and sister chromatid cohesion by phosphorylating BUB1B/BUBR1, FBXO5/EMI1 and STAG2/SA2. PLK1 is high on non-attached kinetochores suggesting a role of PLK1 in kinetochore attachment or in spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) regulation. Required for kinetochore localization of BUB1B. Regulates the dissociation of cohesin from chromosomes by phosphorylating cohesin subunits such as STAG2/SA2. Phosphorylates SGO1: required for spindle pole localization of isoform 3 of SGO1 and plays a role in regulating its centriole cohesion function. Mediates phosphorylation of FBXO5/EMI1, a negative regulator of the APC/C complex during prophase, leading to FBXO5/EMI1 ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. Acts as a negative regulator of p53 family members: phosphorylates TOPORS, leading to inhibit the sumoylation of p53/TP53 and simultaneously enhance the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of p53/TP53. Phosphorylates the transactivation domain of the transcription factor p73/TP73, leading to inhibit p73/TP73-mediated transcriptional activation and pro-apoptotic functions. Phosphorylates BORA, and thereby promotes the degradation of BORA. Contributes to the regulation of AURKA function. Also required for recovery after DNA damage checkpoint and entry into mitosis. Phosphorylates MISP, leading to stabilization of cortical and astral microtubule attachments required for proper spindle positioning (PubMed:8991084, PubMed:11202906, PubMed:12207013, PubMed:12447691, PubMed:12524548, PubMed:12738781, PubMed:12852856, PubMed:12939256, PubMed:14532005, PubMed:14734534, PubMed:15070733, PubMed:15148369, PubMed:15469984, PubMed:16198290, PubMed:16247472, PubMed:16980960, PubMed:17081991, PubMed:17351640, PubMed:17376779, PubMed:17617734, PubMed:18174154, PubMed:18331714, PubMed:18418051, PubMed:18477460, PubMed:18521620, PubMed:18615013, PubMed:19160488, PubMed:19351716, PubMed:19468300, PubMed:19468302, PubMed:19473992, PubMed:19509060, PubMed:19597481, PubMed:23455478, PubMed:23509069). Together with MEIKIN, acts as a regulator of kinetochore function during meiosis I: required both for mono-orientation of kinetochores on sister chromosomes and protection of centromeric cohesin from separase-mediated cleavage (By similarity). Phosphorylates CEP68 and is required for its degradation (PubMed:25503564). Regulates nuclear envelope breakdown during prophase by phosphorylating DCTN1 resulting in its localization in the nuclear envelope (PubMed:20679239). Phosphorylates the heat shock transcription factor HSF1, promoting HSF1 nuclear translocation upon heat shock (PubMed:15661742). Phosphorylates HSF1 also in the early mitotic period; this phosphorylation regulates HSF1 localization to the spindle pole, the recruitment of the SCF(BTRC) ubiquitin ligase complex induicing HSF1 degradation, and hence mitotic progression (PubMed:18794143). Regulates mitotic progression by phosphorylating RIOK2 (PubMed:21880710).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
- Reaction=ATP + L-seryl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:17989, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9863, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11604, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29999, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:83421, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.11.21; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11202906, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12207013, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21880710};.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
- Reaction=ATP + L-threonyl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:46608, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11060, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11605, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30013, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:61977, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.11.21; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11202906, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12207013, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21880710};.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
- By growth-stimulating agents.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
- Activated by phosphorylation of Thr-210 by AURKA; phosphorylation by AURKA is enhanced by BORA. Once activated, activity is stimulated by binding target proteins. Binding of target proteins has no effect on the non-activated kinase. Several inhibitors targeting PLKs are currently in development and are under investigation in a growing number of clinical trials, such as BI 2536, an ATP-competitive PLK1 inhibitor or BI 6727, a dihydropteridinone that specifically inhibits the catalytic activity of PLK1.
Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for PLK1 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000166 | nucleotide binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0000287 | magnesium ion binding | IMP | 17461553 |
| GO:0004672 | protein kinase activity | IEA,IMP | 17461553 |
| GO:0004674 | protein serine/threonine kinase activity | IEA,TAS | -- |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 12493754 |
Phenotypes for PLK1 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for PLK1:
- inferred from 2 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PLK1:
-
- no effect
- Decreased viability
- Increased cell death HMECs cells
- Increased viability with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)
- Increased cell number in G2M, increased nuclei size in G2M
- Synthetic lethal with Ras
- Increased gamma-H2AX phosphorylation
- Negative genetic interaction between KRASG13D/+ and KRAS+/-
- Reduced mammosphere formation
- Decreased shRNA abundance
- Decreased Hepatitis C virus replication
- Decreased viability of wild-type and TP53 knockout cells, decreased TP53 protein expression ratio (wild-type / TP53 knockout cells)
- Inconclusive
- Increased Salmonella enterica Typhimurium invasion
- Increased Nanog expression
- Decreased IL-8 secretion
- Cell division defect
- Decreased viability in colon lineage
- Mitotic spindle defects
- Increased cell death in HCC-1954 cells
- Decreased substrate adherent cell growth
- Increased number of mitotic cells
- Abundance of large cells with protrusions and bright nuclei
- Misorientated spindle
- Increased cell death in DLD-1 cells
- Increased number of cells in monopolar arrest with EMD534085 (a Kinesin-5 inhibitor)
- Decreased HIV-1 infection
- Decreased BBC3 mRNA expression
- Decreased cell number, increased G2M DNA content, increased 8N DNA content
- Increased cell death in HCT116 cells
- Decreased viability after gemcitabine stimulation
- Decreased vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection
- Increased simian virus 40 (SV40) infection
- Decreased Hepatitis C Virus pseudoparticles (HCVpp; H77; genotype 1a) infection
- Decreased cell–culture–derived Hepatitis C virus (HCVcc; Luc–Jc1) infection
- Many micronuclei (grape)
- Decreased cell proliferation
- Decreased TP53 mRNA expression
- Decreased viability with poly (ADP‐ribose)‐polymerase‐1 (PARP) inhibitor
- Increased mitotic delay (prometaphase or metaphase alignment problems, MAP), decreased viability (cell death)
- Decreased CDKN1A mRNA expression
- Transferrin accumulation in enlarged cytoplasmic structures
Animal Models for PLK1 Gene
- MGI Knock Outs for PLK1:
-
- Plk1 Plk1<tm1b(EUCOMM)Hmgu>
Animal Model Products
-
Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for PLK1
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for PLK1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PLK1 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PLK1
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PLK1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PLK1
miRNA for PLK1 Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target PLK1
-
- hsa-miR-100-5p (MIRT000382)
- hsa-miR-16-5p (MIRT001430)
- hsa-miR-593-5p (MIRT006042)
- hsa-miR-155-5p (MIRT020615)
- hsa-miR-877-5p (MIRT037217)
- hsa-miR-874-3p (MIRT037761)
- hsa-miR-92a-1-5p (MIRT038920)
- hsa-let-7b-5p (MIRT051975)
- hsa-miR-10b-3p (MIRT053537)
- hsa-miR-1224-3p (MIRT194895)
- hsa-miR-2276-3p (MIRT194900)
- hsa-miR-3120-3p (MIRT194901)
- hsa-miR-886-3p (MIRT437846)
- hsa-miR-5047 (MIRT504614)
- hsa-miR-1301-3p (MIRT504615)
- hsa-miR-4660 (MIRT504616)
- hsa-miR-4708-3p (MIRT504617)
- hsa-miR-1322 (MIRT504618)
- hsa-miR-296-5p (MIRT732109)
- hsa-miR-509-3-5p (MIRT733590)
- hsa-miR-210-3p (MIRT734944)
- hsa-miR-22-3p (MIRT734983)
- hsa-let-7e-5p (MIRT734984)
- hsa-miR-3686 (MIRT735037)
- hsa-miR-1233-5p (MIRT736258)
- hsa-miR-183-5p (MIRT738182)
- hsa-miR-3150b-3p (MIRT740324)
- hsa-miR-3616-3p (MIRT741680)
- hsa-miR-3665 (MIRT742062)
- hsa-miR-4689 (MIRT747037)
- hsa-miR-4779 (MIRT748757)
- hsa-miR-4784 (MIRT748841)
- hsa-miR-505-5p (MIRT749587)
- hsa-miR-5189-3p (MIRT749869)
- hsa-miR-657 (MIRT753503)
- hsa-miR-6778-5p (MIRT755454)
- hsa-miR-6827-5p (MIRT757062)
- hsa-miR-6858-5p (MIRT757794)
- hsa-miR-874-5p (MIRT760341)
- hsa-miR-942-3p (MIRT760858)
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PLK1
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PLK1
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PLK1
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for PLK1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PLK1 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PLK1
- Addgene plasmids for PLK1
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PLK1
No data available for Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PLK1 Gene
Localization for PLK1 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PLK1 Gene
- Nucleus. Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle. Midbody. Note=localization at the centrosome starts at the G1/S transition (PubMed:24018379). During early stages of mitosis, the phosphorylated form is detected on centrosomes and kinetochores. Localizes to the outer kinetochore. Presence of SGO1 and interaction with the phosphorylated form of BUB1 is required for the kinetochore localization. Localizes onto the central spindle by phosphorylating and docking at midzone proteins KIF20A/MKLP2 and PRC1. Colocalizes with FRY to separating centrosomes and spindle poles from prophase to metaphase in mitosis, but not in other stages of the cell cycle. Localization to the centrosome is required for S phase progression (PubMed:24018379). Colocalizes with HSF1 at the spindle poles during prometaphase (PubMed:18794143). {ECO:0000269 PubMed:18794143, ECO:0000269 PubMed:24018379}.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| cytoskeleton | 5 |
| nucleus | 5 |
| cytosol | 5 |
| plasma membrane | 2 |
| extracellular | 2 |
| mitochondrion | 2 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 2 |
| endosome | 2 |
| lysosome | 2 |
| golgi apparatus | 2 |
| peroxisome | 1 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000775 | chromosome, centromeric region | IEA | -- |
| GO:0000776 | kinetochore | IEA,IDA | 17617734 |
| GO:0000777 | condensed chromosome kinetochore | IEA | -- |
| GO:0000780 | condensed nuclear chromosome, centromeric region | IEA | -- |
| GO:0000785 | chromatin | IEA | -- |
No data available for Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for PLK1 Gene
Pathways & Interactions for PLK1 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition |
.50
|
|
| 2 | Regulation of activated PAK-2p34 by proteasome mediated degradation | ||
| 3 | Cell Cycle, Mitotic |
.83
|
.60
|
| 4 | Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase |
.94
|
|
| 5 | PLK1 signaling events | ||
Pathways by source for PLK1 Gene
9 BioSystems pathways for PLK1 Gene
40 Reactome pathways for PLK1 Gene
- Activation of APC/C and APC/C-Cdc20 mediated degradation of mitotic proteins
- Activation of NIMA Kinases NEK9, NEK6, NEK7
- Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane
- APC/C-Cdh1 mediated degradation of Cdc20 and other APC/C-Cdh1 targeted proteins in late mitosis/early G1
- APC/C-mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins
4 KEGG pathways for PLK1 Gene
2 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathways for PLK1 Gene
- Cell cycle Role of SCF complex in cell cycle regulation
- Cell cycle_Role of APC in cell cycle regulation
2 Qiagen pathways for PLK1 Gene
- BRCA1 Pathway
- Mitotic Roles of Polo Like Kinases
1 Cell Signaling Technology pathway for PLK1 Gene
1 GeneTex pathway for PLK1 Gene
Interacting Proteins for PLK1 Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
P53350-PLK1_HUMAN
ENSP00000300093
for PLK1 Gene via
UniProtKB
MINT
STRING
IID
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for PLK1
SIGNOR curated interactions for PLK1 Gene
- Activates:
- Inactivates:
- Is activated by:
- Is inactivated by:
- Other effect:
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000070 | mitotic sister chromatid segregation | IMP | 23455478 |
| GO:0000086 | G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle | IDA,TAS | -- |
| GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | IMP | 18174154 |
| GO:0000132 | establishment of mitotic spindle orientation | IDA | 23509069 |
| GO:0000278 | mitotic cell cycle | TAS,IMP | 18477460 |
Drugs & Compounds for PLK1 Gene
(59) Drugs for PLK1 Gene - From: DrugBank, ClinicalTrials, ApexBio, DGIdb, HMDB, Tocris, and Novoseek
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fostamatinib | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Target, inhibitor | Kinase Inhibitors | 0 | |
| Cytarabine | Approved, Experimental, Investigational | Pharma | 1335 | |||
| Decitabine | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | DNA methyltransferase inhibitor | 388 | ||
| Prednisone | Approved, Vet_approved | Pharma | 1738 | |||
| Wortmannin | Experimental | Pharma | Target | PI3K inhibitor,selective and irreversible, Potent, irreversible inhibitor of PI 3-kinase. Also inhibitor of PLK1 | 0 |
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADP |
|
Agonist, Full agonist, Partial agonist, Gating inhibitor, Antagonist | 58-64-0 |
|
||
| SBE 13 hydrochloride |
|
1052532-15-6 |
|
|
(5) Tocris Compounds for PLK1 Gene
| Compound | Action | Cas Number |
|---|---|---|
| Cyclapolin 9 | Selective, ATP-competitive PLK1 inhibitor | 40533-25-3 |
| GW 843682X | Selective inhibitor of PLK1 and PLK3 | 660868-91-7 |
| Ro 3280 | Potent and selective PLK1 inhibitor | 1062243-51-9 |
| SBE 13 hydrochloride | Potent and selective PLK1 inhibitor | 1052532-15-6 |
| TC-S 7005 | Potent and selective PLK2 inhibitor | 1082739-92-1 |
(17) ApexBio Compounds for PLK1 Gene
| Compound | Action | Cas Number |
|---|---|---|
| Bendamustine HCl | Cytostatic agent for non-Hodgkin lymphomas | 3543-75-7 |
| BI 2536 | Plk1 inhibitor,potent and ATP-competitive | 755038-02-9 |
| BI6727 (Volasertib) | Plk inhibitor,highly potent | 755038-65-4 |
| Cyclapolin 9 | 40533-25-3 | |
| GSK461364 | Plk1 inhibitor | 929095-18-1 |
| GW843682X | PLK1/PLK3 inhibitor,potent and selective | 660868-91-7 |
| HMN-214 | Plk inhibitor,broad-spectrum anti-tumor agent | 173529-46-9 |
| MLN0905 | Potent PLK1 inhibitor | 1228960-69-7 |
| NMS-1286937 | 1034616-18-6 | |
| Poloxime | 17302-61-3 | |
| Poloxin | PLK1 inhibitor | 321688-88-4 |
| Rigosertib | PI3K/PLK1 inhibitor | 592542-59-1 |
| Rigosertib (ON-01910,Estybon) | Plk1 inhibitor | 1225497-78-8 |
| Ro3280 | PLK1 inhibitor,potent and highly selective | 1062243-51-9 |
| SBE 13 HCl | Inactive Plk1 inhibitor | 1052532-15-6 |
| TAK960 | Oral and selective PLK1 inhibitor | 1137868-52-0 |
| TC-S 7005 | 1082739-92-1 |
Transcripts for PLK1 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for PLK1 Gene
- 1 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 13 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 9 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000300093 2160 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000562272 4135 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000562407 540 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000564202 584 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000564794 683 nts (view in UCSC)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for PLK1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PLK1 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PLK1
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PLK1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PLK1
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PLK1
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PLK1
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PLK1
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for PLK1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PLK1 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PLK1
- Addgene plasmids for PLK1
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PLK1
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | · | 1c | · | 1d | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | · | 7c | ^ | 8a | · | 8b | · | 8c | ^ | 9a | · | 9b | · | 9c | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11a | · | 11b | ^ | 12a | · | 12b | · | 12c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP5: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP6: | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP7: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP8: | - |
Relevant External Links for PLK1 Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- PLK1
Expression for PLK1 Gene
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for PLK1 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Testis (x6.2).
This gene is overexpressed in Breast (68.9).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, MaxQB, and MOPED for PLK1 Gene
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PLK1
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PLK1 Gene:
Hs.592049mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for PLK1 Gene:
P53350-PLK1_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Placenta and colon.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PLK1 Gene
- Intestine(4.7)
- Lung(4.7)
- Blood(4.5)
- Nervous system(4.5)
- Skin(3.9)
- Liver(3.8)
- Kidney(3)
- Eye(2.9)
- Lymph node(2.7)
- Bone marrow(2.6)
- Pancreas(2.6)
- Heart(2.4)
- Muscle(2.3)
- Stomach(2.3)
- Bone(2.2)
- Spleen(2.1)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PLK1
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for PLK1
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PLK1 Gene
Orthologs for PLK1 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals and fungi.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PLK1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PLK1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | PLK1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Plk1 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Plk1 30 |
|
||
| Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | PLK1 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | PLK1 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | PLK1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | PLK1 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | plk1 30 |
|
||
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | plk-prov 30 |
|
||
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | plk1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | polo 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | AgaP_AGAP004239 30 |
|
||
| Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | plk-1 30 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| plk-2 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| plk-3 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii) |
Saccharomycetes | AGOS_ACL006W 30 |
|
||
| Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) |
Saccharomycetes | CDC5 30 31 33 |
|
OneToMany | |
| K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis) |
Saccharomycetes | KLLA0C06138g 30 |
|
||
| Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | CSA.5715 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis) |
Ascidiacea | Cin.2496 30 |
|
- Species where no ortholog for PLK1 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- Corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
- Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
- Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa)
- Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
- Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- Soybean (Glycine max)
- Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Evolution for PLK1 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for PLK1 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for PLK1 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for PLK1: view image
Paralogs for PLK1 Gene
(7) SIMAP similar genes for PLK1 Gene using alignment to 5 proteins:
- PLK1_HUMAN
- D3DWF3_HUMAN
- I3L2H5_HUMAN
- I3L309_HUMAN
- I3L387_HUMAN
Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for PLK1 Gene
Variants for PLK1 Gene
Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for PLK1 Gene
| SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 16 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 791333 | Benign: not provided | 23,680,095(+) | G/A | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT | |
| VAR_041018 | A lung squamous cell carcinoma sample | p.Arg12Leu | |||
| rs16972799 | - | p.Asn297Asp | |||
| rs34001032 | - | p.Ser595Leu | |||
| rs34954545 | - | p.Arg599His |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
31.1% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
2.13;
38.79% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for PLK1 Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for PLK1 Gene
Disorders for PLK1 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| gonococcal keratitis |
|
|
| brain glioma |
|
|
| polyploidy |
|
|
| squamous cell carcinoma |
|
|
| breast cancer |
|
Search PLK1 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PLK1_HUMAN- Note=Defects in PLK1 are associated with some cancers, such as gastric, thyroid or B-cell lymphomas. Expression is cancer increased in tumor tissues with a poor prognosis, suggesting a role in malignant transformations and carcinogenesis.
Additional Disease Information for PLK1
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
- Open Targets Platform
No data available for Genatlas for PLK1 Gene
Publications for PLK1 Gene
- Induction and down-regulation of PLK, a human serine/threonine kinase expressed in proliferating cells and tumors. (PMID: 8127874) Holtrich U … Strebhardt K (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994) 2 3 4 23
- Sequential phosphorylation of Nedd1 by Cdk1 and Plk1 is required for targeting of the gammaTuRC to the centrosome. (PMID: 19509060) Zhang X … Zhang C (Journal of cell science 2009) 3 4 23
- Polo-like kinase 1 directs assembly of the HsCyk-4 RhoGAP/Ect2 RhoGEF complex to initiate cleavage furrow formation. (PMID: 19468300) Wolfe BA … Glotzer M (PLoS biology 2009) 3 4 23
- Plk1 self-organization and priming phosphorylation of HsCYK-4 at the spindle midzone regulate the onset of division in human cells. (PMID: 19468302) Burkard ME … Jallepalli PV (PLoS biology 2009) 3 4 23
- Plk1-mediated phosphorylation of Topors regulates p53 stability. (PMID: 19473992) Yang X … Liu X (The Journal of biological chemistry 2009) 3 4 23
ExternalLinks
Products for PLK1 Gene
- View all 2 R&D Systems PLK1 (PLK1) Products
- View all R&D Systems PLK1 (PLKK) Products
- View all R&D Systems PLK1 (PLK1) Proteins and Enzymes
- View all R&D Systems PLK1 (PLK1) Primary Antibodies
- View all R&D Systems PLK1 (PLKK) Primary Antibodies
- Learn more about R&D Systems custom PLK1 antibody, protein, and immunoassay development services
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for PLK1
- AP07487PU-N
- AP20264PU-N
- AP23177PU-N
- AP31885PU-N
- AP32818PU-N
- CF500383
- CF500388
- CF500389
- CF500393
- CF500395
- CF500396
- CF500401
- TA300014
- TA309215
- TA309216
- TA319250
- TA327377
- TA328019
- TA328020
- TA336437
- TA349604
- TA353386L
- TA500383
- TA500383S
- TA500388
- TA500388S
- TA500389
- TA500389S
- TA500393
- TA500393S
- TA500395
- TA500395S
- TA500396
- TA500396S
- TA500401
- TA500401S
- TA600111
- TA700111
- TA700137
- TA700138
- TA700139
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PLK1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PLK1
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PLK1
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PLK1
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PLK1
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for PLK1
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PLK1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Browse OriGene miRNA Products For PLK1
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PLK1
- Sino Biological Cell Lysates for PLK1
- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for PLK1
- Sino Biological Antibodies for PLK1
- Browse Sino Biological Assays
- Browse Recombinant Proteins
- Browse Antibodies
- Browse cDNA Clones
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Browse CRO Services
- High-throughput Antibody Production Service
- Protein Production Service
- Epitope Tag Antibodies & Reporter Protein Antibodies
- Lentiviral ORF Clones
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PLK1
- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for PLK1
- Browse Antibodies
- Browse Peptides and Proteins
- Browse Lysates
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Abcam antibodies for PLK1
- Abcam proteins for PLK1
- Find your target
- Browse Primary Antibodies
- Browse Conjugated Primary Antibodies
- Browse Secondary Antibodies
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Browse Matched Antibody Pairs
- Browse Proteins and Peptides
- Search Knockout (KO) Validated Antibodies
- Browse Monoclonal Antibodies
- Browse Recombinant Antibodies
- Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for PLK1
- Find your next knockout model in the Taconic Knockout Repository
- Genetically Engineered Models Available Immediately
- Humanized Mice
- Invitrogen Antibodies for PLK1 (AFLGC-Plk1)
- ApexBio compounds for PLK1
- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for PLK1 (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for PLK1 (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder CRISPR vectors for PLK1 (ie. knockout, knockin, CRISPRa, CRISPRi)
- VectorBuilder Virus packaging for PLK1 CRISPR vectors (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder Stable cell line generation for PLK1
- Addgene plasmids for PLK1
- antibodies-online: Show 89 available PLK1 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Search results for available PLK1 related products ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Search results for available PLK1 related products ranked by validation data
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PLK1
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for PLK1 siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PLK1
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PLK1
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PLK1
- Search GeneCopoeia for miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for PLK1
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PLK1
- Boster Bio Antibodies for PLK1
Sources for PLK1 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
- (45) GenBank
- (46) HORDE
- (47) HUGE
- (48) IMGT
- (49) Leiden
- (50) miRBase
- (51) DME
- (52) OriGene
- (53) PubMed
- (54) R&D Systems
- (55) TGDB
- (56) Tocris
- (57) Abcam
- (58) Novus Biologicals
- (59) ProSpec
- (60) Sino Biological
- (61) GenScript
- (62) Qiagen
- (63) OCA
- (64) Proteopedia
- (65) MOPED
- (66) neXtProt
- (67) Reactome
- (68) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (69) DISEASES
- (70) SIMAP
- (71) GenomeRNAi
- (72) LifeMap
- (73) miRTarBase
- (74) MalaCards
- (75) Invitrogen
- (76) BitterDB
- (77) ESI-BIO
- (78) RefSeq
- (79) BioSystems
- (80) MaxQB
- (81) IUPHAR
- (82) BioGPS
- (83) Illumina
- (84) COMPARTMENTS
- (85) HOMER
- (86) PaxDb
- (87) ApexBio
- (88) Addgene
- (89) antibodies-online
- (90) CYP
- (91) NONCODE
- (92) TreeFam
- (93) PathCards
- (94) GeneReviews
- (95) GeneTex
- (96) Taconic Biosciences
- (97) GTEx
- (98) ProteomicsDB
- (99) SCBT
- (100) DGIdb
- (101) ClinicalTrials
- (102) RVIS
- (103) SIGNOR
- (104) diseasecard
- (105) NIH Rare Diseases
- (106) Orphanet
- (107) UMLS
- (108) GTR
- (109) Disease Ontology
- (110) Genetics Home Reference
- (111) MeSH
- (112) MedlinePlus
- (113) CDC
- (114) NINDS
- (115) NCBI Bookshelf
- (116) ClinVar
- (117) Gene Damage Index
- (118) HPO
- (119) UDN
- (120) VISTA
- (121) FANTOM5
- (122) ENCODE
- (123) ProSci
- (124) Horizon
- (125) The Signaling Pathways Project (SPP)
- (126) IID
- (127) VectorBuilder
- (128) SNPedia
- (129) BRCA Exchange
- (130) CIViC
- (131) ProteoGenix
- (132) dbSUPER
- (133) TISSUES
- (134) Gene ORGANizer
- (135) abm
- (136) Human Protein Atlas
- (137) GWAS Catalog
- (138) Monarch Initiative
- (139) DataMed
- (140) HumanCyc
- (141) UCNEbase
- (142) EPDnew
- (143) Applied Biosystems
- (144) GlyConnect
- (145) Aminode
- (146) GeneCopoeia
- (147) GPS-Prot
- (148) RNACentral
- (149) LncRNADisease
- (150) LOVD
- (151) miR2Disease
- (152) DiseaseEnhancer
- (153) Boster Bio
- (154) Biorbyt
- (155) Biocompare
- (156) Mastermind
- (157) CTD^2 Dashboard
- (158) CraniofacialAtlas
- (159) GeneImprint
- (160) Synthego
- (161) ENA
- (162) GtRNAdb
- (163) LncBase
- (164) LncBook
- (165) LNCipedia
- (166) Modomics
- (167) PDBe
- (168) Rfam
- (169) SILVA
- (170) snOPY
- (171) SRPDB
- (172) GENCODE
- (173) TarBase
- (174) Signalway Antibody
- (175) Open Targets Platform
- (176) 5SRRNADB
- (177) snoDB
- (178) MirGeneDB