PLA2G6 Gene (Protein Coding)

Phospholipase A2 Group VI

GC22M046185
GIFtS:
47
The protein encoded by this gene is an A2 phospholipase, a class of enzyme that catalyzes the release of fatty acids from phospholipids. The encoded protein may play a role in phospholipid remodelling, arachidonic acid release, leukotriene and prostaglandin synthesis, fas-mediated apoptosis, and transmembrane ion flux in glucose-stimulated B-cells. Several transcript variants e... See more...

Aliases for PLA2G6 Gene

Aliases for PLA2G6 Gene

  • Phospholipase A2 Group VI 2 3 5
  • PNPLA9 2 3 4
  • Intracellular Membrane-Associated Calcium-Independent Phospholipase A2 Beta 3 4
  • Phospholipase A2, Group VI (Cytosolic, Calcium-Independent) 2 3
  • Patatin-Like Phospholipase Domain-Containing Protein 9 3 4
  • Neurodegeneration With Brain Iron Accumulation 2 2 3
  • 85/88 KDa Calcium-Independent Phospholipase A2 3 4
  • IPLA2-Beta 3 4
  • IPLA2beta 2 3
  • CaI-PLA2 3 4
  • GVI PLA2 3 4
  • PARK14 2 3
  • NBIA2 2 3
  • IPLA2 2 3
  • 85 KDa Calcium-Independent Phospholipase A2 3
  • 2-Lysophosphatidylcholine Acylhydrolase 4
  • Group VI Phospholipase A2 4
  • Palmitoyl-CoA Hydrolase 4
  • EC 3.1.1.4 4
  • EC 3.1.1.5 4
  • EC 3.1.2.2 4
  • IPLA2-VIA 3
  • NBIA2A 3
  • NBIA2B 3
  • PLA2G6 5
  • PLPLA9 4
  • INAD1 3
  • PLA2 3
  • GVI 3

External Ids for PLA2G6 Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PLA2G6 Gene

  • GC22M035122
  • GC22M036750
  • GC22M036827
  • GC22M038507
  • GC22M021473
  • GC22M038395
  • GC22M038519
  • GC22M043817
  • GC22M044196
  • GC22M044490
  • GC22M045345
  • GC22M038829
  • GC22M039967
  • GC22M040657
  • GC22M041106
  • GC22M041510
  • GC22M041920
  • GC22M042359
  • GC22M043445

Summaries for PLA2G6 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for PLA2G6 Gene

  • The protein encoded by this gene is an A2 phospholipase, a class of enzyme that catalyzes the release of fatty acids from phospholipids. The encoded protein may play a role in phospholipid remodelling, arachidonic acid release, leukotriene and prostaglandin synthesis, fas-mediated apoptosis, and transmembrane ion flux in glucose-stimulated B-cells. Several transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been described, but the full-length nature of only three of them have been determined to date. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

GeneCards Summary for PLA2G6 Gene

PLA2G6 (Phospholipase A2 Group VI) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PLA2G6 include Neurodegeneration With Brain Iron Accumulation 2A and Parkinson Disease 14, Autosomal Recessive. Among its related pathways are Sweet Taste Signaling and Acyl chain remodelling of PE. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include calmodulin binding and ATP-dependent protein binding. An important paralog of this gene is TONSL.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for PLA2G6 Gene

  • Calcium-independent phospholipase involved in phospholipid remodeling with implications in cellular membrane homeostasis, mitochondrial integrity and signal transduction. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-1 or sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A1 and A2 activity respectively), producing lysophospholipids that are used in deacylation-reacylation cycles (PubMed:9417066, PubMed:10092647, PubMed:10336645, PubMed:20886109). Hydrolyzes both saturated and unsaturated long fatty acyl chains in various glycerophospholipid classes such as phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidates, with a preference for hydrolysis at sn-2 position (PubMed:10092647, PubMed:10336645, PubMed:20886109). Can further hydrolyze lysophospholipids carrying saturated fatty acyl chains (lysophospholipase activity) (PubMed:20886109). Upon oxidative stress, contributes to remodeling of mitochondrial phospholipids in pancreatic beta cells, in a repair mechanism to reduce oxidized lipid content (PubMed:23533611). Preferentially hydrolyzes oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains from cardiolipins, yielding monolysocardiolipins that can be reacylated with unoxidized fatty acyls to regenerate native cardiolipin species (By similarity). Hydrolyzes oxidized glycerophosphoethanolamines present in pancreatic islets, releasing oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids such as hydroxyeicosatetraenoates (HETEs) (By similarity). Has thioesterase activity toward fatty-acyl CoA releasing CoA-SH known to facilitate fatty acid transport and beta-oxidation in mitochondria particularly in skeletal muscle (PubMed:20886109). Plays a role in regulation of membrane dynamics and homeostasis. Selectively hydrolyzes sn-2 arachidonoyl group in plasmalogen phospholipids, structural components of lipid rafts and myelin (By similarity). Regulates F-actin polymerization at the pseudopods, which is required for both speed and directionality of MCP1/CCL2-induced monocyte chemotaxis (PubMed:18208975). Targets membrane phospholipids to produce potent lipid signaling messengers. Generates lysophosphatidate (LPA, 1-acyl-glycerol-3-phosphate), which acts via G-protein receptors in various cell types (By similarity). Has phospholipase A2 activity toward platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), likely playing a role in inactivation of this potent proinflammatory signaling lipid (By similarity). In response to glucose, amplifies calcium influx in pancreatic beta cells to promote INS secretion (By similarity).
  • [Isoform Ankyrin-iPLA2-1]: Lacks the catalytic domain and may act as a negative regulator of the catalytically active isoforms.
  • [Isoform Ankyrin-iPLA2-2]: Lacks the catalytic domain and may act as a negative regulator of the catalytically active isoforms.

Tocris Summary for PLA2G6 Gene

  • Phospholipases are a group of enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic molecules. There are four major classes; phospholipase A, phospholipase B, phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and phospholipase D.

Gene Wiki entry for PLA2G6 Gene

Additional gene information for PLA2G6 Gene

No data available for CIViC Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for PLA2G6 Gene

Genomics for PLA2G6 Gene

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs

Download GeneHancer 2017 data
Promoters and enhancers for PLA2G6 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around PLA2G6 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path

Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PLA2G6

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PLA2G6 gene promoter:
  • ATF-2
  • c-Jun
  • CREB
  • deltaCREB

Genomic Locations for PLA2G6 Gene

Genomic Locations for PLA2G6 Gene
chr22:38,111,495-38,214,778
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
103,284 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand
chr22:38,507,502-38,601,697
(GRCh37/hg19)
Size:
94,196 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

Genomic View for PLA2G6 Gene

Genes around PLA2G6 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
PLA2G6 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for PLA2G6 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for PLA2G6 Gene

Proteins for PLA2G6 Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for PLA2G6 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    O60733-PLPL9_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    85/88 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2
    Protein Accession:
    O60733
    Secondary Accessions:
    • A8K597
    • B0QYE8
    • O75645
    • Q8N452
    • Q9UG29
    • Q9UIT0
    • Q9Y671

    Protein attributes for PLA2G6 Gene

    Size:
    806 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    89903 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • Homodimer formed by catalytic domains tightly interacting through a large hydrophobic interface. The contact area involves 3 alpha helices, several loops and a part of the beta sheet from each monomer. Both active sites of the dimer are in close proximity adopting an open conformation that provide sufficient space for phospholipid access and favoring cooperativity in deacylation-reacylation reactions. Each monomer has 9 ankyrin repeats stacked side-by-side in an elongated structure oriented outwards from the catalytic core.

    Alternative splice isoforms for PLA2G6 Gene

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

neXtProt entry for PLA2G6 Gene

Protein Expression for PLA2G6 Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Post-translational modifications for PLA2G6 Gene

  • Ubiquitination at Lys719
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

Other Protein References for PLA2G6 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for PLA2G6 Gene

Domains & Families for PLA2G6 Gene

Gene Families for PLA2G6 Gene

HGNC:
IUPHAR :
Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Disease related genes
  • Enzymes
  • FDA approved drug targets
  • Predicted intracellular proteins
  • Predicted membrane proteins

Protein Domains for PLA2G6 Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
  • Ankyrin repeat signature
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PLA2G6 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
  • Phospholipase A2, group VI (Cytosolic, calcium-independent) (B0QYE3_HUMAN)
  • Phospholipase A2, group VI (Cytosolic, calcium-independent) (B0QYE4_HUMAN)
  • Phospholipase A2, group VI (Cytosolic, calcium-independent) (B0QYE5_HUMAN)
  • Phospholipase A2, group VI (Cytosolic, calcium-independent) (B0QYE6_HUMAN)
  • Phospholipase A2, group VI (Cytosolic, calcium-independent) (B0QYE7_HUMAN)

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

O60733

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

PLPL9_HUMAN :
  • Has two putative calmodulin binding domains, the 1-9-14 and IQ motifs. One calmodulin molecule interacts with PLA2G6 dimer, likely through 1-9-14 motif on each monomer (By similarity). Binds calmodulin in a calcium-dependent way (By similarity).
Domain:
  • Has two putative calmodulin binding domains, the 1-9-14 and IQ motifs. One calmodulin molecule interacts with PLA2G6 dimer, likely through 1-9-14 motif on each monomer (By similarity). Binds calmodulin in a calcium-dependent way (By similarity).
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with PLA2G6: view

Function for PLA2G6 Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line

Molecular function for PLA2G6 Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Calcium-independent phospholipase involved in phospholipid remodeling with implications in cellular membrane homeostasis, mitochondrial integrity and signal transduction. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-1 or sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A1 and A2 activity respectively), producing lysophospholipids that are used in deacylation-reacylation cycles (PubMed:9417066, PubMed:10092647, PubMed:10336645, PubMed:20886109). Hydrolyzes both saturated and unsaturated long fatty acyl chains in various glycerophospholipid classes such as phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidates, with a preference for hydrolysis at sn-2 position (PubMed:10092647, PubMed:10336645, PubMed:20886109). Can further hydrolyze lysophospholipids carrying saturated fatty acyl chains (lysophospholipase activity) (PubMed:20886109). Upon oxidative stress, contributes to remodeling of mitochondrial phospholipids in pancreatic beta cells, in a repair mechanism to reduce oxidized lipid content (PubMed:23533611). Preferentially hydrolyzes oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains from cardiolipins, yielding monolysocardiolipins that can be reacylated with unoxidized fatty acyls to regenerate native cardiolipin species (By similarity). Hydrolyzes oxidized glycerophosphoethanolamines present in pancreatic islets, releasing oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids such as hydroxyeicosatetraenoates (HETEs) (By similarity). Has thioesterase activity toward fatty-acyl CoA releasing CoA-SH known to facilitate fatty acid transport and beta-oxidation in mitochondria particularly in skeletal muscle (PubMed:20886109). Plays a role in regulation of membrane dynamics and homeostasis. Selectively hydrolyzes sn-2 arachidonoyl group in plasmalogen phospholipids, structural components of lipid rafts and myelin (By similarity). Regulates F-actin polymerization at the pseudopods, which is required for both speed and directionality of MCP1/CCL2-induced monocyte chemotaxis (PubMed:18208975). Targets membrane phospholipids to produce potent lipid signaling messengers. Generates lysophosphatidate (LPA, 1-acyl-glycerol-3-phosphate), which acts via G-protein receptors in various cell types (By similarity). Has phospholipase A2 activity toward platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), likely playing a role in inactivation of this potent proinflammatory signaling lipid (By similarity). In response to glucose, amplifies calcium influx in pancreatic beta cells to promote INS secretion (By similarity).
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
[Isoform Ankyrin-iPLA2-1]: Lacks the catalytic domain and may act as a negative regulator of the catalytically active isoforms.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
[Isoform Ankyrin-iPLA2-2]: Lacks the catalytic domain and may act as a negative regulator of the catalytically active isoforms.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a fatty acid + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15801, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:28868, ChEBI:CHEBI:57643, ChEBI:CHEBI:58168; EC=3.1.1.4; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20886109};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+) + hexadecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:41223, ChEBI:CHEBI:7896, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:72998, ChEBI:CHEBI:72999; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A3L7I2I8};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38779, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:72998, ChEBI:CHEBI:73001; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20886109};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40811, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30245, ChEBI:CHEBI:72998, ChEBI:CHEBI:73002; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A3L7I2I8, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P97819};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40427, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:72998, ChEBI:CHEBI:73003; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10092647, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23533611};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40519, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:73858, ChEBI:CHEBI:74965; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A3L7I2I8};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40431, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:73004, ChEBI:CHEBI:73009; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A3L7I2I8, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P97819};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a fatty acid + H(+) + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15177, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:16870, ChEBI:CHEBI:28868, ChEBI:CHEBI:58168; EC=3.1.1.5; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20886109};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = H(+) + hexadecanoate + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40435, ChEBI:CHEBI:7896, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:16870, ChEBI:CHEBI:72998; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20886109};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+) + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40831, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:16870, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:74344; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A3L7I2I8};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+) + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40827, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:16870, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:76079; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A3L7I2I8};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-O-hexadecyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:41067, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:55430, ChEBI:CHEBI:64496; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A3L7I2I8};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40479, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30089, ChEBI:CHEBI:44811, ChEBI:CHEBI:64496; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A3L7I2I8};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=H2O + hexadecanoyl-CoA = CoA + H(+) + hexadecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:16645, ChEBI:CHEBI:7896, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:57287, ChEBI:CHEBI:57379; EC=3.1.2.2; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20886109};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1',3'-bis[1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1'-[1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-3'-[1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40463, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:77253, ChEBI:CHEBI:77259; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:23533611};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1'-[1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-3'-[1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1',3'-bis-[1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:40467, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:77256, ChEBI:CHEBI:77259; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:23533611};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1',3'-bis-[1,2-di-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 1'-[1,2-di-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-3'-[1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:52812, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30245, ChEBI:CHEBI:83580, ChEBI:CHEBI:83581; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P97819};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=1-octadecanoyl-2-(15-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H2O = 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 15-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63256, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:75036, ChEBI:CHEBI:78832, ChEBI:CHEBI:146277; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P97570};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
Activated by ATP (PubMed:10092647). Inhibited by calcium-activated calmodulin (By similarity). Inhibited by bromoenol lactone (BEL) (By similarity).
GENATLAS Biochemistry:
phospholipase A2,Ca2+independent,group VI,expressed as oligomeric complex in bone,brain and other tissues,involved in the remodeling of membranes allowing arachidonic acid to be placed in the proper position in phospholipids for stimulated release

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for PLA2G6 Gene

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for PLA2G6 Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for PLA2G6 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0003847 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase activity ISS --
GO:0004622 lysophospholipase activity IDA 20886109
GO:0004623 phospholipase A2 activity TAS 9417066
GO:0005515 protein binding IEA --
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PLA2G6: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with PLA2G6: view

Human Phenotype Ontology for PLA2G6 Gene

HPO Id HPO Name Alternative Ids Definition Synonyms

Animal Models for PLA2G6 Gene

MGI Knock Outs for PLA2G6:

Animal Model Products

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PLA2G6

Clone Products

No data available for miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PLA2G6 Gene

Localization for PLA2G6 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PLA2G6 Gene

Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Mitochondrion. Cell projection, pseudopodium. Note=Recruited to the membrane-enriched pseudopods upon MCP1/CCL2 stimulation in monocytes. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:18208975}.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for PLA2G6 gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 5
cytoskeleton 5
cytosol 5
mitochondrion 4
plasma membrane 3
peroxisome 2
nucleus 2
endoplasmic reticulum 2
endosome 2
lysosome 2
golgi apparatus 2

Subcellular locations from the

Human Protein Atlas (HPA)
  • Centriolar satellite (2)
  • Cytosol (2)
See all subcellular structures

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for PLA2G6 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005615 extracellular space IDA 18714013
GO:0005623 cell IEA --
GO:0005737 cytoplasm IEA --
GO:0005739 mitochondrion IEA --
GO:0005829 cytosol TAS --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PLA2G6: view

Pathways & Interactions for PLA2G6 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with PLA2G6: view

Pathways by source for PLA2G6 Gene

2 BioSystems pathways for PLA2G6 Gene
1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathway for PLA2G6 Gene
  • Immune response CD16 signaling in NK cells
8 Qiagen pathways for PLA2G6 Gene
  • all-trans-Retinoic Acid Signaling in Brain
  • Antioxidant Action of Vitamin-C
  • cAMP Pathway
  • Chemokine Signaling
  • DHA Signaling

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for PLA2G6 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0001934 positive regulation of protein phosphorylation IEA --
GO:0006629 lipid metabolic process IEA --
GO:0006935 chemotaxis IEA --
GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration IEA --
GO:0007613 memory IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PLA2G6: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for PLA2G6 Gene

Drugs & Compounds for PLA2G6 Gene

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  1. Drug

(75) Drugs for PLA2G6 Gene - From: DrugBank, ClinicalTrials, ApexBio, HMDB, Tocris, and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Iron Approved, Experimental Pharma 1560
linoleic acid Approved, Experimental Pharma Agonist, Full agonist, Activator, Pore Blocker, Channel blocker 0
Stearic acid Approved, Experimental Pharma 0
Desipramine Approved, Investigational Pharma 42
Palmitic Acid Approved Pharma Agonist, Full agonist 27

(96) Additional Compounds for PLA2G6 Gene - From: HMDB, Novoseek, and Tocris

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
Arachidic acid
  • Arachidinic acid
  • Arachinsaeure
  • C20:0
  • CH3-[CH2]18-COOH
  • Eicosanoic acid
 506-30-9
Heptadecanoic acid
  • 17:0
  • C17:0
  • CH3-[CH2]15-COOH
  • Heptadecoic acid
  • Heptadecylic acid
 506-12-7
Heptadecanoyl CoA
  • Heptadecanoyl-coenzyme A
  • Heptadecanoate
  • Heptadecanoic acid
  • Heptadecanoic acid CoA
  • Heptadecanoyl coenzyme A
 3546-17-6
LysoPC(14:0/0:0)
  • 1-C14:0-Lysophosphatidylcholine betaine
  • 1-Myristoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  • 1-Myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine
  • 1-Tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  • 1-Tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine
 20559-16-4
LysoPC(14:1(9Z))
  • 1-(9Z-Tetradecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  • 1-Myristoleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  • LPC 14:1(9Z)/0:0
  • LPC(14:1(9Z)/0:0)
  • LysoPC 14:1(9Z)/0:0

(5) Tocris Compounds for PLA2G6 Gene

Compound Action Cas Number
AACOCF3 Phospholipase A2 inhibitor 149301-79-1
Edelfosine Selective PI-PLC inhibitor, also PAF receptor agonist 77286-66-9
m-3M3FBS Phospholipase C activator 200933-14-8
o-3M3FBS Inactive analog of m-3M3FBS (Cat. No. 1941) 313981-55-4
U 73122 Phospholipase C inhibitor 112648-68-7

(3) ApexBio Compounds for PLA2G6 Gene

Compound Action Cas Number
Anti-Inflammatory Peptide 1 PLA2 inhibitor 118850-71-8
Halobetasol Propionate 66852-54-8
Quercetin dihydrate PLA2 and PI 3-kinase inhibitor 6151-25-3
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with PLA2G6: view

Drug Products

Transcripts for PLA2G6 Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone

mRNA/cDNA for PLA2G6 Gene

9 REFSEQ mRNAs :
23 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
39 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PLA2G6

Clone Products

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PLA2G6 Gene

ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c · 1d ^ 2a · 2b · 2c ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b · 5c ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8a · 8b ^ 9a · 9b · 9c · 9d · 9e · 9f ^ 10 ^ 11a · 11b · 11c ^
SP1: - - - - - - - - - -
SP2: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SP3: - - - - - - - - -
SP4:
SP5: - - - - - - - - - - - -
SP6:
SP7:
SP8:
SP9:
SP10: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SP11: - - - - -
SP12: - - - - - - -
SP13: - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SP14: - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SP15: - - - - - - - - - -
SP16: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SP17: - - - - - - - -
SP18: - - - - - - - - -
SP19: - - - - - - -
SP20: - - - - - - - - - -
SP21: - - - - - - - - - - -
SP22: - - - - - -
SP23:
SP24: - - - - - - - - -
SP25:
SP26:
SP27:
SP28: - - - - -
SP29:

ExUns: 12a · 12b ^ 13a · 13b ^ 14a · 14b ^ 15a · 15b ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18a · 18b ^ 19a · 19b · 19c ^ 20 ^ 21a · 21b · 21c ^ 22 ^ 23a · 23b ^ 24a · 24b · 24c · 24d ^
SP1: - - - - - - - - -
SP2: - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SP3: - - - - - - - - - - -
SP4: - - - - -
SP5:
SP6: - - - - - -
SP7:
SP8: - -
SP9:
SP10: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SP11:
SP12:
SP13:
SP14:
SP15:
SP16: - -
SP17:
SP18:
SP19:
SP20:
SP21:
SP22:
SP23: -
SP24:
SP25: - - -
SP26:
SP27:
SP28:
SP29:

ExUns: 25 ^ 26a · 26b ^ 27 ^ 28a · 28b ^ 29 ^ 30a · 30b
SP1: - -
SP2: - -
SP3: - -
SP4:
SP5:
SP6:
SP7:
SP8:
SP9: -
SP10:
SP11:
SP12:
SP13:
SP14:
SP15:
SP16:
SP17:
SP18:
SP19:
SP20:
SP21:
SP22:
SP23:
SP24:
SP25:
SP26: -
SP27:
SP28:
SP29:

Relevant External Links for PLA2G6 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
PLA2G6

Expression for PLA2G6 Gene

Products:

  1. Primer
  2. Gene Expression Assay

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and SAGE for PLA2G6 Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for PLA2G6 Gene
mRNA expression by GTEx for PLA2G6 GenemRNA expression by BioGPS for PLA2G6 Gene

mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for PLA2G6 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Ovary (28.4), Frontal cortex (19.0), Retina (7.9), and Testis (7.5).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, MaxQB, and MOPED for PLA2G6 Gene



Protein tissue co-expression partners for PLA2G6 Gene

Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PLA2G6

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PLA2G6 Gene:

Hs.170479

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for PLA2G6 Gene:

O60733-PLPL9_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Four different transcripts were found to be expressed in a distinct tissue distribution.

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PLA2G6 Gene

  • Nervous system(4.9)
  • Pancreas(4.5)
  • Skin(2.8)
  • Muscle(2.6)
  • Kidney(2.5)
  • Heart(2.5)
  • Intestine(2.5)
  • Lung(2.4)
  • Liver(2.3)
  • Spleen(2.3)
  • Blood(2.3)
  • Thyroid gland(2.3)
  • Eye(2.2)
  • Lymph node(2.2)
  • Adrenal gland(2.2)
  • Stomach(2)

Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PLA2G6 Gene

Germ Layers:
  • ectoderm
  • endoderm
  • mesoderm
Systems:
  • digestive
  • nervous
  • skeletal muscle
  • skeleton
Regions:
Head and neck:
  • brain
  • cerebellum
  • chin
  • cranial nerve
  • ear
  • eye
  • face
  • forehead
  • head
  • jaw
  • mandible
  • maxilla
  • mouth
  • nose
  • pharynx
  • skull
Thorax:
  • esophagus
Abdomen:
  • stomach
Limb:
  • foot
  • lower limb
  • upper limb
General:
  • peripheral nerve
  • peripheral nervous system
  • spinal cord
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with PLA2G6: view

No data available for mRNA differential expression in normal tissues for PLA2G6 Gene

Orthologs for PLA2G6 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for PLA2G6 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia PLA2G6 30 31
  • 99.55 (n)
 OneToOne
Dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia PLA2G6 30 31
  • 89.87 (n)
 OneToOne
Cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia PLA2G6 30 31
  • 88.82 (n)
 OneToOne
Mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Pla2g6 30 17 31
  • 87.06 (n)
 OneToOne
Rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Pla2g6 30
  • 86.48 (n)
Oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia PLA2G6 31
  • 69 (a)
 OneToOne
Platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia PLA2G6 31
  • 53 (a)
 OneToOne
Chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves PLA2G6 30 31
  • 69.7 (n)
 OneToOne
Lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia PLA2G6 31
  • 58 (a)
 OneToOne
Tropical Clawed Frog
(Silurana tropicalis)
 Amphibia pla2g6 30
  • 59.95 (n)
Zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii pla2g6 30 31
  • 59.35 (n)
 OneToOne
Rainbow Trout
(Oncorhynchus mykiss)
 Actinopterygii Omy.1493 30
Fruit Fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta CG6718 32
  • 51 (a)
iPLA2-VIA 30 31
  • 49.17 (n)
 OneToOne
African malaria mosquito
(Anopheles gambiae)
 Insecta AgaP_AGAP004812 30
  • 46.96 (n)
Worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans)
 Secernentea F47A4.5 30 31 32
  • 42.09 (n)
 OneToMany
C45B2.6 32
  • 27 (a)
T04B2.5 31
  • 26 (a)
 OneToMany
H23L24.2 31 32
  • 25 (a)
 OneToMany
D1037.5 31 32
  • 24 (a)
 OneToMany
W07A8.2 31
  • 13 (a)
 OneToMany
Sea Squirt
(Ciona savignyi)
 Ascidiacea -- 31
  • 36 (a)
 OneToOne
Species where no ortholog for PLA2G6 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • Corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
  • Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • Pig (Sus scrofa)
  • Rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
  • Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • Soybean (Glycine max)
  • Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Evolution for PLA2G6 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for PLA2G6 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for PLA2G6 (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for PLA2G6: view image

Paralogs for PLA2G6 Gene

Paralogs for PLA2G6 Gene

(33) SIMAP similar genes for PLA2G6 Gene using alignment to 13 proteins:

  • PLPL9_HUMAN
  • B0QYE9_HUMAN
  • E7EX67_HUMAN
  • F2Z3G2_HUMAN
  • F8WEN3_HUMAN
  • F8WEQ9_HUMAN
  • H0Y4M7_HUMAN
  • H0Y6T3_HUMAN
  • H0Y6W2_HUMAN
  • H0Y7G5_HUMAN
  • H7C3P5_HUMAN
  • M0R1Q9_HUMAN
  • M0R3D9_HUMAN
genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with PLA2G6: view

Variants for PLA2G6 Gene

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  1. SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay

Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for PLA2G6 Gene

SNP ID Clinical significance and condition Chr 22 pos Variation AA Info Type
584440 Pathogenic: Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy 38,179,733(-) ATTGCATTCCAGCCTG
647168 Uncertain Significance: Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy 38,123,170(-) C/T MISSENSE_VARIANT
652932 Pathogenic: Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy 38,128,354(-) GA/G FRAMESHIFT_VARIANT,INTRON_VARIANT
655580 Uncertain Significance: Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy 38,115,683(-) TA/T INTRON_VARIANT
659115 Uncertain Significance: Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy 38,113,584(-) G/C MISSENSE_VARIANT

Additional dbSNP identifiers (rs#s) for PLA2G6 Gene

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for PLA2G6 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
esv2661596 CNV deletion 23128226
esv2724224 CNV deletion 23290073
esv996111 CNV insertion 20482838
nsv1059531 CNV loss 25217958
nsv3623 CNV insertion 18451855
nsv471198 CNV loss 18288195
nsv508732 CNV insertion 20534489
nsv519015 CNV loss 19592680
nsv834193 CNV loss 17160897
nsv834194 CNV loss 17160897

Variation tolerance for PLA2G6 Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 63.9% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 2.66; 45.79% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for PLA2G6 Gene

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
PLA2G6
SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
PLA2G6

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PLA2G6 Gene

Disorders for PLA2G6 Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(44) MalaCards diseases for PLA2G6 Gene - From: UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, OMIM, ClinVar, GTR, Orphanet, DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards

- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

PLPL9_HUMAN
  • Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 2B (NBIA2B) [MIM:610217]: A neurodegenerative disorder associated with iron accumulation in the brain, primarily in the basal ganglia. It is characterized by progressive extrapyramidal dysfunction leading to rigidity, dystonia, dysarthria and sensorimotor impairment. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:16783378}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
  • Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 2A (NBIA2A) [MIM:256600]: A neurodegenerative disease characterized by pathologic axonal swelling and spheroid bodies in the central nervous system. Onset is within the first 2 years of life with death by age 10 years. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:16783378, ECO:0000269 PubMed:17033970, ECO:0000269 PubMed:23749988}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
  • Parkinson disease 14 (PARK14) [MIM:612953]: An adult-onset progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by parkinsonism, dystonia, severe cognitive decline, cerebral and cerebellar atrophy and absent iron in the basal ganglia on magnetic resonance imaging. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:18570303}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Additional Disease Information for PLA2G6

Genetic Association Database
(GAD)
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Open Targets Platform
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with PLA2G6: view

No data available for Genatlas for PLA2G6 Gene

Publications for PLA2G6 Gene