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PKLR Gene(Protein Coding)

Pyruvate Kinase L/R

GCID:
GC01M155289
GIFtS:
58
Genes Participants
UDN Logo

Aliases for PKLR Gene

Aliases for PKLR Gene

  • Pyruvate Kinase L/R 2 3 5
  • Pyruvate Kinase, Liver And RBC 2 3
  • Red Cell/Liver Pyruvate Kinase 3 4
  • R-Type/L-Type Pyruvate Kinase 3 4
  • Pyruvate Kinase Isozymes L/R 3 4
  • Pyruvate Kinase 1 3 4
  • EC 2.7.1.40 4 56
  • PKL 3 4
  • PK1 3 4
  • Pyruvate Kinase, Liver And Blood Cell 3
  • Pyruvate Kinase Isozymes R/L 3
  • Pyruvate Kinase Isozyme R/L 3
  • Pyruvate Kinase Type L 3
  • Pyruvate Kinase PKLR 3
  • PKRL 3
  • PKR 3
  • RPK 3

External Ids for PKLR Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PKLR Gene

  • GC01M153117
  • GC01M151000
  • GC01M152037
  • GC01M152476
  • GC01M152072
  • GC01M153526
  • GC01M155259
  • GC01M126621

Summaries for PKLR Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for PKLR Gene

  • The protein encoded by this gene is a pyruvate kinase that catalyzes the transphosphorylation of phohsphoenolpyruvate into pyruvate and ATP, which is the rate-limiting step of glycolysis. Defects in this enzyme, due to gene mutations or genetic variations, are the common cause of chronic hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia (CNSHA or HNSHA). Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GeneCards Summary for PKLR Gene

PKLR (Pyruvate Kinase L/R) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PKLR include Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency Of Red Cells and Adenosine Triphosphate, Elevated, Of Erythrocytes. Among its related pathways are Glucose metabolism and Glycosaminoglycan metabolism. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include magnesium ion binding and pyruvate kinase activity. An important paralog of this gene is PKM.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PKLR Gene

  • Plays a key role in glycolysis.

Gene Wiki entry for PKLR Gene

Additional gene information for PKLR Gene

No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for PKLR Gene

Genomics for PKLR Gene

Products:

  1. Regulatory Element

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for PKLR Gene

Promoters and enhancers for PKLR Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Identifier GH Type GH
Score		 GH Sources Gene Association Score Total Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor
Binding Sites		 Gene Targets
GH01I155307 Promoter/Enhancer 2.1 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE 550.8 -0.4 -391 3.8 MLX DMAP1 YY1 SLC30A9 ZNF213 E2F8 ZNF143 SP3 NFYC MEF2D FDPS PKLR GON4L CLK2 KHDC4 ENSG00000271267 THBS3 RUSC1-AS1 GBA KRTCAP2
GH01I155299 Promoter/Enhancer 1.7 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE 557.2 +7.6 7646 2.2 FOXA2 MLX ZFP64 ARID4B DMAP1 ZNF48 YY1 SLC30A9 TCF12 GATA2 PKLR GBA GON4L CLK2 SSR2 GLMP SLC50A1 THBS3 GC01M155270
GH01I155242 Promoter/Enhancer 2.4 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 11.7 +64.5 64467 2.9 FEZF1 YBX1 IRF4 YY1 ZNF213 E2F8 ZNF416 ZNF143 ZNF548 SP3 GBA KHDC4 GON4L CLK2 ENSG00000271267 MSTO1 MSTO2P RUSC1-AS1 THBS3 SHC1
GH01I155272 Promoter/Enhancer 2.1 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE 13 +35.3 35290 2.3 HDGF PKNOX1 SMAD1 MLX ARNT ARID4B SIN3A DMAP1 YY1 POLR2B CLK2 GBA PYGO2 PKLR LOC101928120 FDPS RUSC1 RUSC1-AS1 MIR555 MSTO2P
GH01I155240 Promoter/Enhancer 2.2 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 11.7 +67.3 67290 1.6 PKNOX1 ARNT ARID4B SIN3A DMAP1 YY1 ZNF213 E2F8 ZNF143 FOS GBA RUSC1-AS1 KRTCAP2 KHDC4 GON4L ENSG00000271267 CLK2 MSTO1 HCN3 MSTO2P
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data dump

GeneHancers around PKLR on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PKLR gene promoter:

Genomic Locations for PKLR Gene

Genomic Locations for PKLR Gene
chr1:155,289,293-155,308,709
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
19,417 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand
chr1:155,259,084-155,271,225
(GRCh37/hg19)

Genomic View for PKLR Gene

Genes around PKLR on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
PKLR Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for PKLR Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for PKLR Gene

Proteins for PKLR Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for PKLR Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    P30613-KPYR_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Pyruvate kinase PKLR
    Protein Accession:
    P30613
    Secondary Accessions:
    • O75758
    • P11973

    Protein attributes for PKLR Gene

    Size:
    574 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    61830 Da
    Cofactor:
    Name=K(+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29103;
    Cofactor:
    Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420;
    Quaternary structure:
    • Homotetramer.
    Miscellaneous:
    • There are 4 isozymes of pyruvate kinase in mammals: L, R, M1 and M2. L type is major isozyme in the liver, R is found in red cells, M1 is the main form in muscle, heart and brain, and M2 is found in early fetal tissues.
    SequenceCaution:
    • Sequence=BAA02515.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for PKLR Gene

    Alternative splice isoforms for PKLR Gene

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

neXtProt entry for PKLR Gene

Protein Expression for PKLR Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Selected DME Specific Peptides for PKLR Gene

P30613:
  • AAMADTFLEH
  • EIPAEKV
  • GPASRSV
  • IAREAEAA
  • KGVNLPG
  • VANAVLDG
  • IKIISKIE
  • DDGLISL
  • SDGIMVARGD
  • MVARGDLG
  • ATQMLESMI
  • PRPTRAE
  • NAVLDGAD
  • LDTKGPEIR
  • RLNFSHG
  • MLSGETA
  • TGWRPGSG
  • LDIDSEP
  • NFSHGSHEYH

Post-translational modifications for PKLR Gene

  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
  • Modification sites at neXtProt

Other Protein References for PKLR Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Domains & Families for PKLR Gene

Gene Families for PKLR Gene

Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Disease related genes
  • Enzymes
  • Plasma proteins
  • Potential drug targets
  • Predicted intracellular proteins

Protein Domains for PKLR Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PKLR Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

P30613

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

KPYR_HUMAN :
  • Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family.
Family:
  • Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with PKLR: view

Function for PKLR Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line

Molecular function for PKLR Gene

GENATLAS Biochemistry:
pyruvate kinase,homotetramer of 50.60kDa subunit,with two forms,one liver specific,the other erythrocyte specific,transcribed from a distinct promoter,glycolysis,energy pathway,generating ATP from ADP
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
Allosterically activated by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Plays a key role in glycolysis.

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for PKLR Gene

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for PKLR Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for PKLR Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0000287 magnesium ion binding IEA --
GO:0003824 catalytic activity IEA --
GO:0004743 pyruvate kinase activity TAS,NAS 1445295
GO:0005524 ATP binding IEA --
GO:0016301 kinase activity IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PKLR: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with PKLR: view

Human Phenotype Ontology for PKLR Gene

HPO Id HPO Name Alternative Ids Definition Synonyms

Animal Model Products

CRISPR Products

miRNA for PKLR Gene

miRTarBase miRNAs that target PKLR

Inhibitory RNA Products

No data available for Animal Models , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PKLR Gene

Localization for PKLR Gene

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for PKLR gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 5
cytosol 5
mitochondrion 2
plasma membrane 1
peroxisome 1
nucleus 1
endoplasmic reticulum 1

Subcellular locations from the

Human Protein Atlas (HPA)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum (2)
  • Golgi apparatus (2)
See all subcellular structures

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for PKLR Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005737 cytoplasm IBA --
GO:0005829 cytosol TAS,IEA --
GO:0070062 extracellular exosome HDA,IDA 19056867
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PKLR: view

No data available for Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PKLR Gene

Pathways & Interactions for PKLR Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with PKLR: view

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P30613-KPYR_HUMAN

  • Pathway: Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 5/5.

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for PKLR Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0001666 response to hypoxia IEA --
GO:0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process IEA --
GO:0006096 glycolytic process IBA --
GO:0006754 ATP biosynthetic process IEA --
GO:0007584 response to nutrient IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PKLR: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for PKLR Gene

Drugs & Compounds for PKLR Gene

Products:

  1. Drug

(21) Drugs for PKLR Gene - From: DrugBank, HMDB, and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Pyruvic acid Approved, Investigational Nutra Target 0
Carbon dioxide Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Pharma 0
Potassium Approved, Investigational Pharma 0
Magnesium Approved Nutra 0
phosphoenolpyruvate Experimental Pharma 0

(10) Additional Compounds for PKLR Gene - From: HMDB and Novoseek

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
ADP
  • Adenosindiphosphorsaeure
  • Adenosine 5'-pyrophosphate
  • Adenosine diphosphate
  • Adenosine pyrophosphate
  • Adenosine-5'-diphosphate
 Full agonist, Agonist 58-64-0
dADP
  • 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-diphosphate
  • dADP
  • Deoxyadenosine diphosphate
 2793-06-8
dGDP
  • 2'-Deoxy-GDP
  • 2'-Deoxyguanosine-5'-diphosphate
  • 5'-dGDP
  • Deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate
  • Deoxyguanosine diphosphate
 3493-09-2
IDP
  • 5'-IDP
  • IDP
  • Inosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate)
  • Inosine 5'-(trihydrogen pyrophosphate)
  • Inosine 5'-diphosphate
 86-04-4
inosine triphosphate
  • 2'-Inosine-5'-triphosphate
  • 5'-ITP
  • 5-ITP
  • Inosine 5
  • Inosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate)
 132-06-9
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with PKLR: view

Transcripts for PKLR Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone

mRNA/cDNA for PKLR Gene

(5) REFSEQ mRNAs :
(6) Additional mRNA sequences :
(40) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
(3) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :

Unigene Clusters for PKLR Gene

Pyruvate kinase, liver and RBC:
Representative Sequences:

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PKLR Gene

No ASD Table

Relevant External Links for PKLR Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
PKLR
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for
PKLR

Expression for PKLR Gene

Products:

  1. Primer
  2. Gene Expression Assay

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and CGAP SAGE for PKLR Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for PKLR Gene
mRNA expression by GTEx for PKLR GenemRNA expression by BioGPS for PKLR Gene

mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for PKLR Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Liver (x29.7) and Kidney - Cortex (x12.6).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for PKLR Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Liver, secretome (41.8) and Liver (8.9).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for PKLR Gene



NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of PKLR Gene:

PKLR

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PKLR Gene:

Hs.95990

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PKLR Gene

  • Liver(4.7)
  • Pancreas(4.2)
  • Kidney(3.2)
  • Blood(2.3)

Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PKLR Gene

Germ Layers:
  • ectoderm
  • endoderm
  • mesoderm
Systems:
  • cardiovascular
  • digestive
  • immune
  • integumentary
  • lymphatic
  • nervous
  • reproductive
  • skeletal muscle
Regions:
Head and neck:
  • ear
  • eye
  • head
  • mouth
Abdomen:
  • abdominal wall
  • biliary tract
  • gallbladder
  • liver
  • pancreas
  • spleen
Pelvis:
  • placenta
  • uterus
General:
  • blood
  • red blood cell
  • skin
  • white blood cell
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with PKLR: view

No data available for Protein tissue co-expression partners and mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for PKLR Gene

Orthologs for PKLR Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for PKLR Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia PKLR 33 34
  • 99.75 (n)
cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia PKLR 33 34
  • 90.35 (n)
dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia PKLR 33 34
  • 89.43 (n)
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Pklr 33
  • 87.06 (n)
mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Pklr 33 16 34
  • 86.35 (n)
oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia PKLR 34
  • 81 (a)
 OneToOne
platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia PKLR 34
  • 49 (a)
 OneToOne
zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii pklr 33
  • 67.75 (n)
CABZ01066502.1 34
  • 60 (a)
 OneToOne
-- 33
fruit fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta PyK 34
  • 58 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG2964 34
  • 41 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG7069 34
  • 27 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG7362 34
  • 22 (a)
 ManyToMany
worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans)
 Secernentea pyk-2 34
  • 55 (a)
 ManyToMany
pyk-1 34
  • 35 (a)
 ManyToMany
baker's yeast
(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
 Saccharomycetes PYK2 33 34 36
  • 52.96 (n)
CDC19 34
  • 49 (a)
 ManyToMany
thale cress
(Arabidopsis thaliana)
 eudicotyledons AT3G04050 33
  • 52.05 (n)
soybean
(Glycine max)
 eudicotyledons Gma.4073 33
rice
(Oryza sativa)
 Liliopsida Os.7908 33
wheat
(Triticum aestivum)
 Liliopsida Ta.21113 33
corn
(Zea mays)
 Liliopsida Zm.7002 33
sea squirt
(Ciona savignyi)
 Ascidiacea -- 34
  • 63 (a)
 OneToMany
Species where no ortholog for PKLR was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • chicken (Gallus gallus)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • honey bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
  • loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
  • malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • pig (Sus scrofa)
  • rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)

Evolution for PKLR Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for PKLR (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for PKLR (if available)

Paralogs for PKLR Gene

Paralogs for PKLR Gene

(2) SIMAP similar genes for PKLR Gene using alignment to 2 proteins:

genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with PKLR: view

Variants for PKLR Gene

Products:

  1. SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay

Sequence variations from dbSNP and Humsavar for PKLR Gene

SNP ID Clin Chr 01 pos Variation AA Info Type
rs1023689443 kinase deficiency of red cells (PKRD) [MIM:266200] 155,293,337(-) G/A coding_sequence_variant, downstream_transcript_variant, genic_downstream_transcript_variant, missense_variant
rs1035640530 kinase deficiency of red cells (PKRD) [MIM:266200] 155,293,526(-) G/T 3_prime_UTR_variant, coding_sequence_variant, missense_variant
rs1052176 benign, not specified, Pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells 155,290,592(-) G/A/T coding_sequence_variant, genic_downstream_transcript_variant, missense_variant, synonymous_variant
rs1052177 uncertain-significance, benign, Pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells, not specified 155,290,559(-) A/C/G/T 3_prime_UTR_variant, genic_downstream_transcript_variant
rs113403872 pathogenic, Pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells, not provided, Pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells (PKRD) [MIM:266200] 155,291,845(-) C/T coding_sequence_variant, genic_downstream_transcript_variant, missense_variant

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for PKLR Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
dgv3n68 CNV loss 17160897
esv23319 CNV gain 19812545
esv2758971 CNV gain 17122850
esv33869 CNV loss 17666407
nsv3032 CNV insertion 18451855
nsv436027 CNV insertion 17901297
nsv831636 CNV loss 17160897
nsv952214 CNV deletion 24416366

Variation tolerance for PKLR Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 35% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 1.92; 35.68% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for PKLR Gene

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
PKLR
SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
PKLR

SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PKLR Gene

Disorders for PKLR Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(13) MalaCards diseases for PKLR Gene - From: HGMD, OMIM, ClinVar, GTR, Orphanet, Swiss-Prot, DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards

Disorder Aliases PubMed IDs
pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells
  • pkd
adenosine triphosphate, elevated, of erythrocytes
  • pyruvate kinase hyperactivity
hemolytic anemia
  • anemia hemolytic
congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia
  • hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia
gaucher's disease
  • acid beta-glucosidase deficiency
- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards
Search PKLR in MalaCards View complete list of genes associated with diseases

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

KPYR_HUMAN
  • Pyruvate kinase deficiency of red cells (PKRD) [MIM:266200]: A frequent cause of hereditary non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia. Clinically, pyruvate kinase-deficient patients suffer from a highly variable degree of chronic hemolysis, ranging from severe neonatal jaundice and fatal anemia at birth, severe transfusion-dependent chronic hemolysis, moderate hemolysis with exacerbation during infection, to a fully compensated hemolysis without apparent anemia. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:11328279, ECO:0000269 PubMed:11960989, ECO:0000269 PubMed:1536957, ECO:0000269 PubMed:1896471, ECO:0000269 PubMed:19085939, ECO:0000269 PubMed:2018831, ECO:0000269 PubMed:21794208, ECO:0000269 PubMed:7706479, ECO:0000269 PubMed:8161798, ECO:0000269 PubMed:8180378, ECO:0000269 PubMed:8476433, ECO:0000269 PubMed:8481523, ECO:0000269 PubMed:8483951, ECO:0000269 PubMed:9482576, ECO:0000269 PubMed:9827908, ECO:0000269 PubMed:9886305, ECO:0000269 Ref.24}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
  • Pyruvate kinase hyperactivity (PKHYP) [MIM:102900]: Autosomal dominant phenotype characterized by increase of red blood cell ATP. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:9090535}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Genatlas disease for PKLR Gene

hemolytic anemia

Additional Disease Information for PKLR

Genetic Association Database
(GAD)
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with PKLR: view

Publications for PKLR Gene

  1. Fifteen novel mutations in PKLR associated with pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency: structural implications of amino acid substitutions in PK. (PMID: 19085939) van Wijk R … van Solinge WW (Human mutation 2009) 3 4 22 58
  2. Type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes on chromosome 1q21-24. (PMID: 18269685) Hasstedt SJ … Elbein SC (Annals of human genetics 2008) 3 22 44 58
  3. Lack of association between PKLR rs3020781 and NOS1AP rs7538490 and type 2 diabetes, overweight, obesity and related metabolic phenotypes in a Danish large-scale study: case-control studies and analyses of quantitative traits. (PMID: 19111066) Andreasen CH … Hansen T (BMC medical genetics 2008) 3 22 44 58
  4. Pyruvate kinase deficient hemolytic anemia in the Northern Irish population. (PMID: 17574881) Percy MJ … McMullin MF (Blood cells, molecules & diseases 2007) 3 22 25 58
  5. Liver pyruvate kinase polymorphisms are associated with type 2 diabetes in northern European Caucasians. (PMID: 12196482) Wang H … Elbein SC (Diabetes 2002) 3 22 44 58

Products for PKLR Gene

  • Addgene plasmids for PKLR

Sources for PKLR Gene

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