PGLYRP2 Gene (Protein Coding)

Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2

GC19M015468
GIFtS:
37
This gene encodes a peptidoglycan recognition protein, which belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family. This protein hydrolyzes the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in bacterial cell wall glycopeptides, and thus may play a scavenger role by digesting biologically active peptidoglycan into biologically inactive fragments. [provide... See more...

Aliases for PGLYRP2 Gene

Aliases for PGLYRP2 Gene

  • Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2 2 3 4 5
  • N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-Alanine Amidase 2 3 4
  • PGLYRPL 2 3 4
  • PGRP-L 2 3 4
  • PGRPL 2 3 4
  • Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein Long 3 4
  • TagL-Alpha 2 3
  • TAGL-Like 2 3
  • Tagl-Beta 2 3
  • TagL 2 3
  • Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein L Precursor 2
  • Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein-Like 2
  • Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein L 3
  • EC 3.5.1.28 4
  • HMFT0141 3
  • PGLYRP2 5

External Ids for PGLYRP2 Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PGLYRP2 Gene

  • GC19M015442
  • GC19M015443
  • GC19M015579
  • GC19M015147

Summaries for PGLYRP2 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for PGLYRP2 Gene

  • This gene encodes a peptidoglycan recognition protein, which belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family. This protein hydrolyzes the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in bacterial cell wall glycopeptides, and thus may play a scavenger role by digesting biologically active peptidoglycan into biologically inactive fragments. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

GeneCards Summary for PGLYRP2 Gene

PGLYRP2 (Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Defensins and Innate Immune System. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include peptidoglycan binding and N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity. An important paralog of this gene is PGLYRP3.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for PGLYRP2 Gene

  • May play a scavenger role by digesting biologically active peptidoglycan (PGN) into biologically inactive fragments. Has no direct bacteriolytic activity.

Gene Wiki entry for PGLYRP2 Gene

Additional gene information for PGLYRP2 Gene

No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for PGLYRP2 Gene

Genomics for PGLYRP2 Gene

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs

Download GeneHancer 2017 data
Promoters and enhancers for PGLYRP2 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Identifier GH Type GH
Score		 GH Sources Gene Association Score Total Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor
Binding Sites		 Gene Targets
GH19J015479 Promoter/Enhancer 1.3 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE 250.4 +19.6 19555 2.4 ATF3 YY1 SMAD4 RXRA SAP130 RARA CTCF ZBTB33 THRB SIN3A PGLYRP2 RASAL3 piR-38580-141 MN309174-317 lnc-OR7C2-1
GH19J015499 Enhancer 0.8 FANTOM5 ENCODE 254.1 -0.3 -282 0.3 ZIC2 SP2 PKNOX1 GLIS1 REST SP1 CREB1 SP3 EGR2 PRDM10 PGLYRP2 CYP4F22 CYP4F2 CYP4F3 CYP4F11 OR10H4 OR1I1 RF00017-2584 lnc-OR7C2-1
GH19J015498 Promoter 0.4 Ensembl 250.7 +0.3 255 0.2 MAX PGLYRP2 piR-61945-247 RASAL3 lnc-OR7C2-1
GH19J015456 Promoter/Enhancer 0.9 Ensembl ENCODE 12.3 +41.7 41710 0.7 POLR2A KLF9 SP2 SIN3A PKNOX1 KLF1 ZFX KLF8 EZH2 HSALNG0124379 lnc-WIZ-1 PGLYRP2 AKAP8L RASAL3 WIZ lnc-OR7C2-1
GH19J015550 Enhancer 0.7 ENCODE 12.2 -52.7 -52732 0.2 ATF2 NFIC KLF9 SP2 GABPB1 ZSCAN5A MXD3 SP1 NRF1 ZNF48 CYP4F22 PGLYRP2 RASAL3 AKAP8L CYP4F11 HSALNG0124382 RF00017-2586 CYP4F8 lnc-OR7C2-1
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around PGLYRP2 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path

Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PGLYRP2

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PGLYRP2 gene promoter:
  • AP-1
  • ATF-2
  • c-Jun
  • Sp1

Genomic Locations for PGLYRP2 Gene

Latest Assembly
chr19:15,468,645-15,498,956
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
30,312 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

Previous Assembly
chr19:15,579,456-15,590,312
(GRCh37/hg19 by Entrez Gene)
Size:
10,857 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

chr19:15,579,456-15,609,767
(GRCh37/hg19 by Ensembl)
Size:
30,312 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

Genomic View for PGLYRP2 Gene

Genes around PGLYRP2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
PGLYRP2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for PGLYRP2 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for PGLYRP2 Gene

Proteins for PGLYRP2 Gene

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  • Protein details for PGLYRP2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    Q96PD5-PGRP2_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase
    Protein Accession:
    Q96PD5
    Secondary Accessions:
    • A8K050
    • A8K8C7
    • B2RMZ2
    • B7ZM33
    • Q68CK1
    • Q96N74
    • Q9UC60

    Protein attributes for PGLYRP2 Gene

    Size:
    576 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    62217 Da
    Cofactor:
    Name=Zn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29105;
    Quaternary structure:
    No Data Available
    Miscellaneous:
    • [Isoform 1]: Major isoform.
    • [Isoform 2]: May be due to an intron retention.

    Alternative splice isoforms for PGLYRP2 Gene

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

neXtProt entry for PGLYRP2 Gene

Protein Expression for PGLYRP2 Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Post-translational modifications for PGLYRP2 Gene

  • Glycosylation at Asn77, Asn367, Asn485, and Thr569
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
  • Glycosylation from GlyConnect
    • PGRP2_HUMAN (784)

Other Protein References for PGLYRP2 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for PGLYRP2 Gene

Domains & Families for PGLYRP2 Gene

Gene Families for PGLYRP2 Gene

HGNC:
Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Enzymes
  • Plasma proteins
  • Predicted membrane proteins
  • Predicted secreted proteins

Protein Domains for PGLYRP2 Gene

InterPro:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PGLYRP2 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
  • Peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 (B7ZM33_HUMAN)
  • Peptidoglycan recognition protein long (PGRP2_HUMAN)

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

Q96PD5

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

PGRP2_HUMAN :
  • Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family.
Family:
  • Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with PGLYRP2: view

Function for PGLYRP2 Gene

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  6. Cell Lines for research

Molecular function for PGLYRP2 Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
May play a scavenger role by digesting biologically active peptidoglycan (PGN) into biologically inactive fragments. Has no direct bacteriolytic activity.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=Hydrolyzes the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell-wall glycopeptides.; EC=3.5.1.28;.

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for PGLYRP2 Gene

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for PGLYRP2 Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for PGLYRP2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005515 protein binding IPI --
GO:0008270 zinc ion binding IEA --
GO:0008745 N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity IDA,TAS 7663175
GO:0016019 peptidoglycan receptor activity IBA,IDA 11461926
GO:0016787 hydrolase activity IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PGLYRP2: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with PGLYRP2: view

Animal Models for PGLYRP2 Gene

MGI Knock Outs for PGLYRP2:

Animal Models for research

  • Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for PGLYRP2

Inhibitory RNAs for research

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PGLYRP2

No data available for Human Phenotype Ontology , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PGLYRP2 Gene

Localization for PGLYRP2 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PGLYRP2 Gene

Secreted. Membrane.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for PGLYRP2 gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 5
plasma membrane 1
cytoskeleton 1
mitochondrion 1
peroxisome 1
nucleus 1
endoplasmic reticulum 1
endosome 1
cytosol 1
golgi apparatus 1
lysosome 0

Subcellular locations from the

Human Protein Atlas (HPA)
  • Cell Junctions (2)
See all subcellular structures

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for PGLYRP2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005576 extracellular region TAS --
GO:0016020 membrane NAS 11461926
GO:0070062 extracellular exosome HDA 23533145
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PGLYRP2: view

Pathways & Interactions for PGLYRP2 Gene

PathCards logo

SuperPathways for PGLYRP2 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with PGLYRP2: view

Pathways by source for PGLYRP2 Gene

3 Reactome pathways for PGLYRP2 Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for PGLYRP2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0001519 peptide amidation NAS 7663175
GO:0002376 immune system process IEA --
GO:0009253 peptidoglycan catabolic process IEA --
GO:0016045 detection of bacterium IBA,IDA 11461926
GO:0019730 antimicrobial humoral response TAS --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PGLYRP2: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for PGLYRP2 Gene

Drugs & Compounds for PGLYRP2 Gene

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(8) Drugs for PGLYRP2 Gene - From: DrugBank, HMDB, and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Copper Approved, Investigational Pharma Target 276
Zinc Approved, Investigational Pharma Target 1706
zinc acetate Approved, Investigational Pharma Target 0
Zinc chloride Approved, Investigational Pharma Target, binder 0
Zinc sulfate, unspecified form Approved, Experimental Pharma Target, binder 0

(4) Additional Compounds for PGLYRP2 Gene - From: Novoseek and HMDB

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
N-Acetylmuramate
  • N-Acetyl-D-muramoate
  • N-Acetylmuramic acid
  • N-Acetyl-D-muramoic acid
  • N-Acetylisomuramic acid
  • Acetylmuramic acid
N-Acetylmuramoyl-Ala
  • N-Acetyl-D-muramoyl-L-alanine
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with PGLYRP2: view

Transcripts for PGLYRP2 Gene

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mRNA/cDNA for PGLYRP2 Gene

2 REFSEQ mRNAs :
10 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :

Inhibitory RNAs for research

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PGLYRP2

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PGLYRP2 Gene

No ASD Table

Relevant External Links for PGLYRP2 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
PGLYRP2

Expression for PGLYRP2 Gene

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  1. Primer products for research
  2. Gene Expression Assays for research

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and SAGE for PGLYRP2 Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for PGLYRP2 Gene
mRNA expression by GTEx for PGLYRP2 GenemRNA expression by BioGPS for PGLYRP2 Gene

mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for PGLYRP2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Liver (x48.1).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for PGLYRP2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Serum (31.5), Plasma (13.9), and Synovial fluid (11.5).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for PGLYRP2 Gene



Protein tissue co-expression partners for PGLYRP2 Gene

- Elite partner

Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PGLYRP2

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PGLYRP2 Gene:

Hs.282244

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for PGLYRP2 Gene:

Q96PD5-PGRP2_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Strongly expressed in liver and fetal liver, and secreted into serum. Expressed to a much lesser extent in transverse colon, lymph nodes, heart, thymus, pancreas, descending colon, stomach and testis. Isoform 2 is not detected in the liver or serum.

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PGLYRP2 Gene

  • Liver(4.6)
  • Bone marrow(4.2)
  • Intestine(2)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with PGLYRP2: view

Primer products for research

No data available for Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PGLYRP2 Gene

Orthologs for PGLYRP2 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for PGLYRP2 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia PGLYRP2 29 30
  • 98.9 (n)
 OneToOne
Dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia PGLYRP2 29 30
  • 81.68 (n)
 OneToOne
Cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia PGLYRP2 29 30
  • 79.42 (n)
 OneToOne
Mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Pglyrp2 29 16 30
  • 78.11 (n)
 OneToOne
Rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Pglyrp2 29
  • 76.14 (n)
Oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia PGLYRP2 30
  • 58 (a)
 OneToOne
Platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia PGLYRP2 30
  • 50 (a)
 OneToOne
Chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves PGLYRP2 29 30
  • 58.54 (n)
 OneToOne
Lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia PGLYRP2 30
  • 39 (a)
 OneToOne
Tropical Clawed Frog
(Silurana tropicalis)
 Amphibia pglyrp2 29
  • 48.35 (n)
Zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii pglyrp6 29 30
  • 52.97 (n)
 OneToMany
pglyrp2 30
  • 37 (a)
 OneToMany
Rainbow Trout
(Oncorhynchus mykiss)
 Actinopterygii Omy.535 29
African malaria mosquito
(Anopheles gambiae)
 Insecta PGRPLB 29
  • 53.55 (n)
Fruit Fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta PGRP-LB 29
  • 51.34 (n)
PGRP-LE 30
  • 25 (a)
 OneToMany
PGRP-LA 30
  • 19 (a)
 OneToMany
PGRP-LF 30
  • 15 (a)
 OneToMany
Species where no ortholog for PGLYRP2 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • Corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
  • Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • Pig (Sus scrofa)
  • Rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
  • Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • Soybean (Glycine max)
  • Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
  • Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)

Evolution for PGLYRP2 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for PGLYRP2 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for PGLYRP2 (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for PGLYRP2: view image
Alliance of Genome Resources:
Additional Orthologs for PGLYRP2

Paralogs for PGLYRP2 Gene

Paralogs for PGLYRP2 Gene

(1) SIMAP similar genes for PGLYRP2 Gene using alignment to 4 proteins:

  • PGRP2_HUMAN
  • B7ZM33_HUMAN
  • M0QYW3_HUMAN
  • M0R2W8_HUMAN
genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with PGLYRP2: view

Variants for PGLYRP2 Gene

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Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for PGLYRP2 Gene

SNP ID Clinical significance and condition Chr 19 pos Variation AA Info Type
rs144572782 Benign: not provided 15,475,969(-) C/A
NM_052890.4(PGLYRP2):c.701G>T (p.Gly234Val) 		MISSENSE
rs2304200 -- p.Arg476Trp
rs28404490 -- p.Thr257Asn
rs34440547 -- p.Arg394Gln
rs3813135 -- p.Thr46Ala

dbSNP identifiers (rs#s) for variants without ClinVar clinical significance for PGLYRP2 Gene

All consequence types are included: molecular consequences (e.g. missense, synonymous), and location-based (e.g. intron, upstream).

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for PGLYRP2 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
nsv1064684 CNV gain 25217958
nsv828466 CNV gain 20364138
nsv833765 CNV loss 17160897

Variation tolerance for PGLYRP2 Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 74.9% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 7.12; 80.57% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for PGLYRP2 Gene

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
PGLYRP2
SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
PGLYRP2
Leiden Open Variation Database (LOVD)
PGLYRP2

SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assays for research

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PGLYRP2 Gene

Disorders for PGLYRP2 Gene

Additional Disease Information for PGLYRP2

Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
Atlas
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Open Targets Platform
Open Targets Platform

No disorders were found for PGLYRP2 Gene.

No data available for MalaCards , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for PGLYRP2 Gene

Publications for PGLYRP2 Gene

  1. Human peptidoglycan recognition protein-L is an N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase. (PMID: 14506276) Wang ZM … Dziarski R (The Journal of biological chemistry 2003) 2 3 4 22
  2. Peptidoglycan recognition proteins: a novel family of four human innate immunity pattern recognition molecules. (PMID: 11461926) Liu C … Dziarski R (The Journal of biological chemistry 2001) 2 3 4 22
  3. Identification of serum N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase as liver peptidoglycan recognition protein 2. (PMID: 16054449) Zhang Y … Dziarski R (Biochimica et biophysica acta 2005) 3 4 22
  4. Gene variants associated with ischemic stroke: the cardiovascular health study. (PMID: 19023099) Luke MM … Psaty BM (Stroke 2009) 3 40
  5. Replication of a genome-wide case-control study of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (PMID: 18649358) Ng D … Taylor PR (International journal of cancer 2008) 3 40

ExternalLinks

View latest publications for PGLYRP2 gene in Mastermind

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