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This gene encodes a cytoskeletal protein that is required for organizing the actin cytoskeleton. The protein is a component of actin-containing microfilaments, and it is involved in the control of cell shape, adhesion, and contraction. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with a susceptibility to pancreatic cancer type 1, and also with a risk for myocardial infarction. Alt... See more...
Aliases for PALLD Gene
Aliases for PALLD Gene
External Ids for PALLD Gene
- HGNC: 17068
- Entrez Gene: 23022
- Ensembl: ENSG00000129116
- OMIM: 608092
- UniProtKB: Q8WX93
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PALLD Gene
- GC04P169793
- GC04P169654
- GC04P169418
- GC04P165170
Summaries for PALLD Gene
-
This gene encodes a cytoskeletal protein that is required for organizing the actin cytoskeleton. The protein is a component of actin-containing microfilaments, and it is involved in the control of cell shape, adhesion, and contraction. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with a susceptibility to pancreatic cancer type 1, and also with a risk for myocardial infarction. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]
GeneCards Summary for PALLD Gene
PALLD (Palladin, Cytoskeletal Associated Protein) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PALLD include Pancreatic Cancer 1 and Pancreatic Cancer. Among its related pathways are Cytoskeletal Signaling. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include actin binding and muscle alpha-actinin binding. An important paralog of this gene is MYPN.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for PALLD Gene
-
Cytoskeletal protein required for organization of normal actin cytoskeleton. Roles in establishing cell morphology, motility, cell adhesion and cell-extracellular matrix interactions in a variety of cell types. May function as a scaffolding molecule with the potential to influence both actin polymerization and the assembly of existing actin filaments into higher-order arrays. Binds to proteins that bind to either monomeric or filamentous actin. Localizes at sites where active actin remodeling takes place, such as lamellipodia and membrane ruffles. Different isoforms may have functional differences. Involved in the control of morphological and cytoskeletal changes associated with dendritic cell maturation. Involved in targeting ACTN to specific subcellular foci.
Additional gene information for PALLD Gene
- HGNC(17068)
- Entrez Gene(23022)
- Ensembl(ENSG00000129116)
- OMIM(608092)
- UniProtKB(Q8WX93)
- Open Targets Platform(ENSG00000129116)
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for PALLD at DataMed
- Search for PALLD at HumanCyc
No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for PALLD Gene
Genomics for PALLD Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs
Promoters and enhancers for PALLD Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around PALLD on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PALLD
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PALLD gene promoter:
-
- E47
- GATA-1
- NF-kappaB
- NF-kappaB1
- Pax-2
- Pax-2a
- RelA
- Tal-1beta
- USF-1
- USF1
Genomic Locations for PALLD Gene
Genomic Locations for PALLD Gene
- chr4:168,497,039-168,928,457
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 431,419 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
- chr4:169,418,217-169,849,608
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 431,392 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for PALLD Gene
Genes around PALLD on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 4q32.3 by HGNC
- 4q32.3 by Entrez Gene
- 4q32.3 by Ensembl
PALLD Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for PALLD Gene
Proteins for PALLD Gene
-
Protein details for PALLD Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q8WX93-PALLD_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Palladin
- Protein Accession:
- Q8WX93
- B3KTG2
- B5MD56
- B7ZMM5
- Q7L3E0
- Q7Z3W0
- Q86WE8
- Q8N1M2
- Q9UGA0
- Q9UQF5
- Q9Y2J6
- Q9Y3E9
Protein attributes for PALLD Gene
- Size:
- 1383 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 150564 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Interacts with EPS8 (By similarity). Interacts with LASP1 (By similarity). Interacts with VASP (By similarity). Interacts with ACTN (PubMed:15147863). Interacts with ARGBP2 (PubMed:16125169). Interacts with PFN1 (PubMed:16367745). Interacts with LPP (PubMed:17322171). Interacts with SPIN90 (PubMed:17537434). Interacts with SRC (PubMed:17537434). Interacts with EZR (PubMed:11598191). Interacts with RAI14 (By similarity).
- SequenceCaution:
-
- Sequence=AAD34146.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Extended N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=AAO65174.1; Type=Frameshift; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=BAA76836.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Extended N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=BAC04796.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
Protein Expression for PALLD Gene
Post-translational modifications for PALLD Gene
- Phosphorylated predominantly on serines and, to a lesser extent, on tyrosines (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-1118 by PKB/AKT1 modulates cytoskeletal organization and cell motility.
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
- Modification sites at neXtProt
Other Protein References for PALLD Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
-
- XP_005262918.1
- XP_005262923.1
- XP_011530070.1
- XP_011530071.1
- XP_011530072.1
- XP_011530073.1
- XP_011530074.1
- XP_011530075.1
- XP_011530076.1
- XP_011530077.1
- XP_016863399.1
- XP_016863400.1
- XP_024309707.1
- XP_024309708.1
- NP_001159580.1
- NP_001159581.1
- NP_001159582.1
- NP_001354496.1
- NP_001354497.1
- NP_001354498.1
- NP_001354499.1
- NP_057165.3
Antibody Products
- G Biosciences Immunotag™ PALLD Antibody
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for PALLD
-
Abcam antibodies for PALLD
- Invitrogen Antibodies for PALLD (AFLGC-PALLD)
-
Biorbyt antibodies for PALLD
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PALLD
Protein Products
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for PALLD
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for PALLD
- Origene Custom Protein Services for PALLD
- Novus Biologicals proteins for PALLD
- antibodies-online: Show 6 available PALLD Proteins ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PALLD Proteins
-
Quality Products:
-
Abcam proteins for PALLD
Assay Products
- antibodies-online: Show 10 available PALLD Elisa Kits ranked by validation data
- Compare Top PALLD Elisa Kits
-
Quality Products:
-
Signalway ELISA kits for PALLD
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for PALLD Gene
Domains & Families for PALLD Gene
Gene Families for PALLD Gene
- HGNC:
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Disease related genes
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein Domains for PALLD Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
-
- Immunoglobulin C-2 type
- Serine/threonine dehydratase, pyridoxal-phosphate attachment site
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PALLD Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- Palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein (B2RTX2_HUMAN)
- cDNA FLJ38193 fis, clone FCBBF1000280, highly similar to Homo sapiens palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein (PALLD), mRNA (B3KTG2_HUMAN)
- Sarcoma antigen NY-SAR-77 (PALLD_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q8WX93- Family:
-
- Belongs to the myotilin/palladin family.
Function for PALLD Gene
Molecular function for PALLD Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Cytoskeletal protein required for organization of normal actin cytoskeleton. Roles in establishing cell morphology, motility, cell adhesion and cell-extracellular matrix interactions in a variety of cell types. May function as a scaffolding molecule with the potential to influence both actin polymerization and the assembly of existing actin filaments into higher-order arrays. Binds to proteins that bind to either monomeric or filamentous actin. Localizes at sites where active actin remodeling takes place, such as lamellipodia and membrane ruffles. Different isoforms may have functional differences. Involved in the control of morphological and cytoskeletal changes associated with dendritic cell maturation. Involved in targeting ACTN to specific subcellular foci.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
- Isoform 3 is expressed de novo. Isoform 4 is up-regulated by TGFB1 during myofibroblast differentiation.
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for PALLD Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003779 | actin binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 11598191 |
| GO:0051371 | muscle alpha-actinin binding | TAS | 16125169 |
| GO:0098632 | cell-cell adhesion mediator activity | IBA | 21873635 |
Phenotypes for PALLD Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for PALLD:
- inferred from 1 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PALLD:
-
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- no effect
- Decreased viability ratio
- Decreased endosome-nucleus distance (endosomes clustered in the perinuclear region)
- Increased ionizing radiation sensitivity
- Decreased viability after Maraba virus infection
- Decreased viability in esophageal squamous lineage; decreased viability in pancreas lineage
Animal Models for PALLD Gene
- MGI Knock Outs for PALLD:
-
- Palld Palld<tm1Zgwg>
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for PALLD - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PALLD CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PALLD
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PALLD
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PALLD
- palladin CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (h)
- palladin CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h)
- palladin CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h2)
- palladin 140 kDa CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (h)
- palladin 140 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h)
- palladin 140 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h2)
- palladin 90 kDa CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (h)
- palladin 90 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h)
- palladin 90 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h2)
miRNA for PALLD Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target PALLD
-
- mmu-miR-124-3p (MIRT015644)
- hsa-miR-155-5p (MIRT020550)
- hsa-miR-124-3p (MIRT022312)
- hsa-miR-21-5p (MIRT030662)
- hsa-miR-19b-3p (MIRT031101)
- hsa-miR-196a-5p (MIRT048248)
- hsa-miR-218-5p (MIRT440053)
- hsa-miR-6869-5p (MIRT531953)
- hsa-miR-610 (MIRT531954)
- hsa-miR-4717-5p (MIRT531955)
- hsa-miR-6856-5p (MIRT531956)
- hsa-miR-6758-5p (MIRT531957)
- hsa-miR-33b-5p (MIRT649749)
- hsa-miR-33a-5p (MIRT649750)
- hsa-miR-4279 (MIRT649751)
- hsa-miR-6749-3p (MIRT649752)
- hsa-miR-1298-5p (MIRT649753)
- hsa-miR-656-5p (MIRT649754)
- hsa-miR-3667-3p (MIRT649755)
- hsa-miR-6734-3p (MIRT649756)
- hsa-miR-3162-3p (MIRT649757)
- hsa-miR-1250-3p (MIRT649758)
- hsa-miR-483-3p (MIRT649759)
- hsa-miR-4775 (MIRT724501)
- hsa-miR-4694-5p (MIRT724502)
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PALLD
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PALLD
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PALLD
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for PALLD - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PALLD as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
- MG225922
- MR225922
- MR225922L3
- MR225922L4
- MR230819
- MR231473
- MR231793
- RC212065
- RC212065L3
- RC212065L4
- RC228528
- RC228528L3
- RC228528L4
- RC228579
- RC228579L3
- RC228579L4
- RC229064
- RC229064L3
- RC229064L4
- RG212065
- RG228528
- RG228579
- RG229064
- MR225922L3V
- MR225922L4V
- RC212065L3V
- RC212065L4V
- RC228528L3V
- RC228528L4V
- RC228579L3V
- RC228579L4V
- RC229064L3V
- RC229064L4V
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PALLD
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PALLD
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for PALLD
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PALLD Gene
Localization for PALLD Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PALLD Gene
- Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell junction, focal adhesion. Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, Z line. Cell projection, ruffle. Cell projection, podosome. Cell projection, lamellipodium. Cell projection, axon. Cell projection, growth cone. Note=Localizes to stress fibers and Z lines (PubMed:11598191, PubMed:16125169, PubMed:17322171, PubMed:17537434). Preferentially expressed in the excitatory presynaptic terminals (By similarity). {ECO:0000250 UniProtKB:P0C5E3, ECO:0000269 PubMed:11598191, ECO:0000269 PubMed:16125169, ECO:0000269 PubMed:17322171, ECO:0000269 PubMed:17537434}.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| plasma membrane | 5 |
| cytoskeleton | 5 |
| nucleus | 5 |
| cytosol | 5 |
| extracellular | 2 |
| mitochondrion | 2 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 1 |
| endosome | 1 |
| lysosome | 1 |
| golgi apparatus | 1 |
- Actin filaments (3)
- Cytosol (3)
- Plasma membrane (2)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001725 | stress fiber | IDA | 11598191 |
| GO:0001726 | ruffle | IEA | -- |
| GO:0002102 | podosome | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | IDA | 11598191 |
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for PALLD Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cytoskeletal Signaling | ||
Pathways by source for PALLD Gene
1 Cell Signaling Technology pathway for PALLD Gene
Interacting Proteins for PALLD Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
Q8WX93-PALLD_HUMAN
ENSP00000425556
for PALLD Gene via
UniProtKB
MINT
STRING
IID
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for PALLD
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003334 | keratinocyte development | IEA | -- |
| GO:0003382 | epithelial cell morphogenesis | IEA | -- |
| GO:0007010 | cytoskeleton organization | NAS | 11598191 |
| GO:0007156 | homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules | IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0007411 | axon guidance | IBA | 21873635 |
Transcripts for PALLD Gene
mRNA/cDNA for PALLD Gene
- 8 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 19 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 18 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000261509 5809 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000393726 817 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000503290 628 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000503457 607 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000504519 570 nts (view in UCSC)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for PALLD - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PALLD CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for PALLD
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PALLD
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PALLD
- palladin CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (h)
- palladin CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h)
- palladin CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h2)
- palladin 140 kDa CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (h)
- palladin 140 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h)
- palladin 140 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h2)
- palladin 90 kDa CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (h)
- palladin 90 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h)
- palladin 90 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h2)
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for PALLD
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For PALLD
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PALLD
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for PALLD - Select products 50% OFF >
- * PALLD as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
- MG225922
- MR225922
- MR225922L3
- MR225922L4
- MR230819
- MR231473
- MR231793
- RC212065
- RC212065L3
- RC212065L4
- RC228528
- RC228528L3
- RC228528L4
- RC228579
- RC228579L3
- RC228579L4
- RC229064
- RC229064L3
- RC229064L4
- RG212065
- RG228528
- RG228579
- RG229064
- MR225922L3V
- MR225922L4V
- RC212065L3V
- RC212065L4V
- RC228528L3V
- RC228528L4V
- RC228579L3V
- RC228579L4V
- RC229064L3V
- RC229064L4V
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for PALLD
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PALLD
| ExUns: | 1 | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3a | · | 3b | · | 3c | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5 | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7 | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11 | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13 | ^ | 14a | · | 14b | ^ | 15 | ^ | 16a | · | 16b | ^ | 17a | · | 17b | · | 17c | ^ | 18a | · | 18b | ^ | 19 | ^ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP5: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP6: | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP7: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP8: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP9: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP10: |
| ExUns: | 20a | · | 20b | ^ | 21 | ^ | 22 | ^ | 23 | ^ | 24a | · | 24b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | ||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | ||||||||||||
| SP3: | |||||||||||||
| SP4: | |||||||||||||
| SP5: | |||||||||||||
| SP6: | |||||||||||||
| SP7: | |||||||||||||
| SP8: | |||||||||||||
| SP9: | |||||||||||||
| SP10: |
Relevant External Links for PALLD Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- PALLD
Expression for PALLD Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
-
Heart (Cardiovascular System)
- Atrioventricular Canal Cells Atrioventricular Canal
- Outflow Tract
-
Eye (Sensory Organs)
- Glycinergic Amacrine Cells Inner Nuclear Layer
-
Neurons
- Glycinergic Amacrine Cells Inner Nuclear Layer
-
Kidney (Urinary System)
- Ureteric Bud Cells Ureteric Bud
-
Blood (Hematopoietic System)
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Hematopoietic Bone Marrow
-
Limb (Muscoskeletal System)
- Mesenchymal Condensate Cells Zeugopod
-
Bone (Muscoskeletal System)
- Mesenchymal Condensate Cells Zeugopod
-
Cartilage (Muscoskeletal System)
- Mesenchymal Condensate Cells Zeugopod
- Endoderm (Gastrulation Derivatives)
- Primitive Streak (Early Embryonic Tissues)
-
Uterus (Reproductive System)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for PALLD Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Esophagus - Muscularis (x5.4) and Esophagus - Gastroesophageal Junction (x4.0).
This gene is overexpressed in Bone marrow stromal cell (12.7), Urinary Bladder (9.5), Uterus (8.7), and Colon muscle (7.7).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, MaxQB, and MOPED for PALLD Gene
- Elite partner
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for PALLD
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PALLD Gene:
Hs.151220mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for PALLD Gene:
Q8WX93-PALLD_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Detected in both muscle and non-muscle tissues. High expression in prostate, ovary, colon, and kidney. Not detected in spleen, skeletal muscle, lung and peripheral blood lymphocytes (at protein level). Protein is overexpressed in FA6, HPAF, IMIM-PC2, SUIT-2 and PancTu-II sporadic pancreatic cancer cell lines.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for PALLD Gene
- Nervous system(4.8)
- Heart(4.7)
- Liver(4.4)
- Lung(3.2)
- Muscle(3.2)
- Intestine(2.7)
- Skin(2.7)
- Spleen(2.6)
- Kidney(2.6)
- Lymph node(2.2)
- Pancreas(2.1)
- Stomach(2.1)
- Blood(2.1)
- Thyroid gland(2.1)
- Adrenal gland(2.1)
Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for PALLD Gene
Germ Layers:
- mesoderm
Systems:
- digestive
- endocrine
Regions:
Abdomen:
- pancreas
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for PALLD
Gene Expression Assay Products
Orthologs for PALLD Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | PALLD 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | LOC477351 30 |
|
||
| PALLD 31 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Palld 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | LOC100360205 30 |
|
||
| Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | PALLD 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | PALLD 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | PALLD 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | palld 30 |
|
||
| African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | Xl.1924 30 |
|
||
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | palld 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) |
Actinopterygii | Omy.14105 30 |
|
||
| Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | CSA.17 31 |
|
OneToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for PALLD was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- Corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
- Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa)
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
- Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
- Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- Soybean (Glycine max)
- Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Evolution for PALLD Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for PALLD (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for PALLD (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for PALLD: view image
Paralogs for PALLD Gene
(9) SIMAP similar genes for PALLD Gene using alignment to 12 proteins:
- PALLD_HUMAN
- B2RTX2_HUMAN
- D6R948_HUMAN
- D6R9F5_HUMAN
- D6R9Z5_HUMAN
- D6RBB1_HUMAN
- D6RBH5_HUMAN
- F8WA26_HUMAN
- F8WC13_HUMAN
- H0Y952_HUMAN
- H0YA05_HUMAN
- L0R8B3_HUMAN
Variants for PALLD Gene
Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for PALLD Gene
| SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 04 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 640053 | Uncertain Significance: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 168,878,325(+) | C/A | MISSENSE_VARIANT,INTRON_VARIANT | |
| 641520 | Uncertain Significance: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 168,924,286(+) | T/G | MISSENSE_VARIANT | |
| 648376 | Uncertain Significance: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 168,921,627(+) | G/A | MISSENSE_VARIANT | |
| 650493 | Uncertain Significance: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 168,913,931(+) | G/A | MISSENSE_VARIANT | |
| 652423 | Uncertain Significance: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 168,878,349(+) | C/G | MISSENSE_VARIANT,INTRON_VARIANT |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
29.5% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
8.43;
85.66% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for PALLD Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PALLD Gene
Disorders for PALLD Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| pancreatic cancer 1 |
|
|
| pancreatic cancer |
|
|
| myocardial infarction |
|
|
| myopathy, spheroid body |
|
|
| dysplastic nevus syndrome |
|
|
Search PALLD in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
PALLD_HUMAN- Pancreatic cancer 1 (PNCA1) [MIM:606856]: A malignant neoplasm of the pancreas. Tumors can arise from both the exocrine and endocrine portions of the pancreas, but 95% of them develop from the exocrine portion, including the ductal epithelium, acinar cells, connective tissue, and lymphatic tissue. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:17194196, ECO:0000269 PubMed:17415588, ECO:0000269 PubMed:17455999}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
- Note=Genetic variations in PALLD may be associated with susceptibility to myocardial infarction. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:16175505}.
Additional Disease Information for PALLD
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
- Open Targets Platform
No data available for Genatlas for PALLD Gene
Publications for PALLD Gene
- Absence of deleterious palladin mutations in patients with familial pancreatic cancer. (PMID: 19336541) Klein AP … Goggins M (Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 2009) 3 23 41
- The P239S palladin variant does not account for a significant fraction of hereditary or early onset pancreas cancer. (PMID: 17415588) Zogopoulos G … Gallinger S (Human genetics 2007) 3 4 41
- Palladin mutation causes familial pancreatic cancer and suggests a new cancer mechanism. (PMID: 17194196) Pogue-Geile KL … Brentnall TA (PLoS medicine 2006) 3 4 23
- Identification of four gene variants associated with myocardial infarction. (PMID: 16175505) Shiffman D … Kane JP (American journal of human genetics 2005) 3 4 23
- Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. (PMID: 10231032) Nagase T … Ohara O (DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes 1999) 2 3 4
ExternalLinks
Products for PALLD Gene
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- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for PALLD (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for PALLD (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
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- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for PALLD
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for PALLD siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for PALLD
- palladin CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (h)
- palladin CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h)
- palladin CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h2)
- palladin 140 kDa CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (h)
- palladin 140 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h)
- palladin 140 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h2)
- palladin 90 kDa CRISPR/Cas9 KO Plasmid (h)
- palladin 90 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h)
- palladin 90 kDa CRISPR Activation Plasmid (h2)
- Horizon Cell Lines for PALLD
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for PALLD
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for PALLD
- Search GeneCopoeia for miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for PALLD
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for PALLD
- Biorbyt antibodies for PALLD
- Signalway ELISA kits for PALLD
Sources for PALLD Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
- (45) GenBank
- (46) HORDE
- (47) HUGE
- (48) IMGT
- (49) Leiden
- (50) miRBase
- (51) DME
- (52) OriGene
- (53) PubMed
- (54) R&D Systems
- (55) TGDB
- (56) Tocris
- (57) Abcam
- (58) Novus Biologicals
- (59) ProSpec
- (60) Sino Biological
- (61) GenScript
- (62) Qiagen
- (63) OCA
- (64) Proteopedia
- (65) MOPED
- (66) neXtProt
- (67) Reactome
- (68) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (69) DISEASES
- (70) SIMAP
- (71) GenomeRNAi
- (72) LifeMap
- (73) miRTarBase
- (74) MalaCards
- (75) Invitrogen
- (76) BitterDB
- (77) ESI-BIO
- (78) RefSeq
- (79) BioSystems
- (80) MaxQB
- (81) IUPHAR
- (82) BioGPS
- (83) Illumina
- (84) COMPARTMENTS
- (85) HOMER
- (86) PaxDb
- (87) ApexBio
- (88) Addgene
- (89) antibodies-online
- (90) CYP
- (91) NONCODE
- (92) TreeFam
- (93) PathCards
- (94) GeneReviews
- (95) GeneTex
- (96) Taconic Biosciences
- (97) GTEx
- (98) ProteomicsDB
- (99) SCBT
- (100) DGIdb
- (101) ClinicalTrials
- (102) RVIS
- (103) SIGNOR
- (104) diseasecard
- (105) NIH Rare Diseases
- (106) Orphanet
- (107) UMLS
- (108) GTR
- (109) Disease Ontology
- (110) Genetics Home Reference
- (111) MeSH
- (112) MedlinePlus
- (113) CDC
- (114) NINDS
- (115) NCBI Bookshelf
- (116) ClinVar
- (117) Gene Damage Index
- (118) HPO
- (119) UDN
- (120) VISTA
- (121) FANTOM5
- (122) ENCODE
- (123) ProSci
- (124) Horizon
- (125) The Signaling Pathways Project (SPP)
- (126) IID
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- (128) SNPedia
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- (130) CIViC
- (131) ProteoGenix
- (132) dbSUPER
- (133) TISSUES
- (134) Gene ORGANizer
- (135) abm
- (136) Human Protein Atlas
- (137) GWAS Catalog
- (138) Monarch Initiative
- (139) DataMed
- (140) HumanCyc
- (141) UCNEbase
- (142) EPDnew
- (143) Applied Biosystems
- (144) GlyConnect
- (145) Aminode
- (146) GeneCopoeia
- (147) GPS-Prot
- (148) RNACentral
- (149) LncRNADisease
- (150) LOVD
- (151) miR2Disease
- (152) DiseaseEnhancer
- (153) Boster Bio
- (154) Biorbyt
- (155) Biocompare
- (156) Mastermind
- (157) CTD^2 Dashboard
- (158) CraniofacialAtlas
- (159) GeneImprint
- (160) Synthego
- (161) ENA
- (162) GtRNAdb
- (163) LncBase
- (164) LncBook
- (165) LNCipedia
- (166) Modomics
- (167) PDBe
- (168) Rfam
- (169) SILVA
- (170) snOPY
- (171) SRPDB
- (172) GENCODE
- (173) TarBase
- (174) Signalway Antibody
- (175) Open Targets Platform
- (176) 5SRRNADB
- (177) snoDB
- (178) MirGeneDB