NELFB Gene (Protein Coding)

Negative Elongation Factor Complex Member B

GC09P137255
GIFtS:
35
NELFB is a subunit of negative elongation factor (NELF), which also includes NELFA (WHSC2; MIM 606026), either NELFC or NELFD (TH1L; MIM 605297), and NELFE (RDBP; MIM 154040). NELF acts with DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF), a heterodimer of SPT4 (SUPT4H1; MIM 603555) and SPT5 (SUPT5H; MIM 602102), to cause transcriptional pausing of RNA polymerase II (see MIM 180660) (Na... See more...

Aliases for NELFB Gene

Aliases for NELFB Gene

  • Negative Elongation Factor Complex Member B 2 3 5
  • Cofactor Of BRCA1 2 3 4
  • NELF-B 2 3 4
  • Negative Elongation Factor B 3 4
  • KIAA1182 2 4
  • COBRA1 3 4
  • Negative Elongation Factor Protein B 3
  • NELFB 5

External Ids for NELFB Gene

Previous HGNC Symbols for NELFB Gene

  • COBRA1

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for NELFB Gene

  • GC09P140150

Summaries for NELFB Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for NELFB Gene

  • NELFB is a subunit of negative elongation factor (NELF), which also includes NELFA (WHSC2; MIM 606026), either NELFC or NELFD (TH1L; MIM 605297), and NELFE (RDBP; MIM 154040). NELF acts with DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF), a heterodimer of SPT4 (SUPT4H1; MIM 603555) and SPT5 (SUPT5H; MIM 602102), to cause transcriptional pausing of RNA polymerase II (see MIM 180660) (Narita et al., 2003 [PubMed 12612062]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

GeneCards Summary for NELFB Gene

NELFB (Negative Elongation Factor Complex Member B) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are HIV Life Cycle and Formation of HIV-1 elongation complex containing HIV-1 Tat.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for NELFB Gene

  • Essential component of the NELF complex, a complex that negatively regulates the elongation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (PubMed:12612062). The NELF complex, which acts via an association with the DSIF complex and causes transcriptional pausing, is counteracted by the P-TEFb kinase complex (PubMed:10199401). May be able to induce chromatin unfolding (PubMed:11739404). Essential for early embryogenesis; plays an important role in maintaining the undifferentiated state of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by preventing unscheduled expression of developmental genes (By similarity). Plays a key role in establishing the responsiveness of stem cells to developmental cues; facilitates plasticity and cell fate commitment in ESCs by establishing the appropriate expression level of signaling molecules (By similarity). Supports the transcription of genes involved in energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes; facilitates the association of transcription initiation factors with the promoters of the metabolism-related genes (By similarity).
  • (Microbial infection) The NELF complex is involved in HIV-1 latency possibly involving recruitment of PCF11 to paused RNA polymerase II (PubMed:23884411). In vitro, binds weakly to the HIV-1 TAR RNA which is located in the long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 (PubMed:23884411).

Gene Wiki entry for NELFB Gene

Additional gene information for NELFB Gene

No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for NELFB Gene

Genomics for NELFB Gene

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs

Download GeneHancer 2017 data
Promoters and enhancers for NELFB Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Identifier GH Type GH
Score		 GH Sources Gene Association Score Total Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor
Binding Sites		 Gene Targets
GH09J137253 Promoter/Enhancer 2.2 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE CraniofacialAtlas 275.3 -0.1 -52 3.5 TBP SP1 MXD4 SIX5 NR2C1 MNT IKZF1 SMAD5 ETS1 MBD2 NELFB HSALNG0075384 STPG3-AS1 ENTR1 EHMT1 SNHG7 SEC16A DPH7 ANAPC2 MAN1B1
GH09J136787 Promoter/Enhancer 2.4 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE CraniofacialAtlas dbSUPER 11.9 -460.5 -460540 14.1 ZSCAN16 TBP ZBTB10 SP1 MXD4 FEZF1 CEBPA MNT DEK IKZF1 TMEM141 CCDC183 DPH7 ANAPC2 EHMT1 ENTR1 SNHG7 SEC16A MAN1B1 NDOR1
GH09J137267 Enhancer 1.1 ENCODE dbSUPER 24.1 +13.5 13533 2.3 SP1 BCL11A MNT IKZF1 ZNF217 BHLHE40 ELF1 MCM7 ZIC2 ARNT HSALNG0075385 NELFB LOC651337 ANAPC2 EHMT1 STPG3 TOR4A
GH09J137233 Promoter/Enhancer 2.7 EPDnew FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE CraniofacialAtlas dbSUPER 9 -16.1 -16117 11.7 ZSCAN16 CHD2 ZBTB10 MXD4 SP1 NR2C1 MNT IKZF1 SMAD5 ETS1 TUBB4B EHMT1 ANAPC2 INPP5E ENTR1 NDOR1 DPH7 LOC651337 MAN1B1 SNHG7
GH09J137247 Promoter/Enhancer 1 EPDnew Ensembl CraniofacialAtlas 23.7 -7.8 -7752 0.9 CEBPA ZIC2 TEAD3 GLIS2 ZBTB6 TEAD1 FAM166A lnc-FAM166A-2 NELFB STPG3 piR-54312-005 TUBB4B
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around NELFB on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path

Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for NELFB

Genomic Locations for NELFB Gene

Latest Assembly
chr9:137,255,327-137,273,542
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
18,216 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

Previous Assembly
chr9:140,149,779-140,167,994
(GRCh37/hg19 by Entrez Gene)
Size:
18,216 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

chr9:140,149,625-140,167,998
(GRCh37/hg19 by Ensembl)
Size:
18,374 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

Genomic View for NELFB Gene

Genes around NELFB on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
NELFB Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for NELFB Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for NELFB Gene

Proteins for NELFB Gene

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  • Protein details for NELFB Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    Q8WX92-NELFB_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Negative elongation factor B
    Protein Accession:
    Q8WX92
    Secondary Accessions:
    • A0A0X1KG71
    • A2BFA3
    • Q96EW5
    • Q9H9R4
    • Q9ULN8
    • Q9Y3W0

    Protein attributes for NELFB Gene

    Size:
    580 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    65697 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • The NELF complex is composed of NELFA, NELFB, NELFCD (isoform NELF-C or isoform NELF-D) and NELFE; the N-terminus of NELFB binds to the NELFA:NELFCD subcomplex (PubMed:12612062). Binds RNA which may help to stabilize the NELF complex on nucleic acid (PubMed:27282391). Interacts with the first BRCT repeat of BRCA1 (PubMed:11739404). Interacts with KIAA1191 (PubMed:21153684). Interacts with NELFE (By similarity).
    SequenceCaution:
    • Sequence=AAH11892.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=BAB14157.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=BAG52272.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=CAB43381.3; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
    Miscellaneous:
    • [Isoform 2]: Produced by alternative initiation at a CTG start codon.

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for NELFB Gene

    Alternative splice isoforms for NELFB Gene

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

neXtProt entry for NELFB Gene

Protein Expression for NELFB Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Post-translational modifications for NELFB Gene

  • Ubiquitination at Lys99 and Lys135
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

Other Protein References for NELFB Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Antibodies for research

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for NELFB Gene

Domains & Families for NELFB Gene

Gene Families for NELFB Gene

HGNC:
Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Predicted intracellular proteins

Protein Domains for NELFB Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
  • Cofactor of BRCA1
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for NELFB Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
  • Cofactor of BRCA1 (NELFB_HUMAN)

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

Q8WX92

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

NELFB_HUMAN :
  • Belongs to the NELF-B family.
Family:
  • Belongs to the NELF-B family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with NELFB: view

Function for NELFB Gene

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  6. Cell Lines for research

Molecular function for NELFB Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Essential component of the NELF complex, a complex that negatively regulates the elongation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (PubMed:12612062). The NELF complex, which acts via an association with the DSIF complex and causes transcriptional pausing, is counteracted by the P-TEFb kinase complex (PubMed:10199401). May be able to induce chromatin unfolding (PubMed:11739404). Essential for early embryogenesis; plays an important role in maintaining the undifferentiated state of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by preventing unscheduled expression of developmental genes (By similarity). Plays a key role in establishing the responsiveness of stem cells to developmental cues; facilitates plasticity and cell fate commitment in ESCs by establishing the appropriate expression level of signaling molecules (By similarity). Supports the transcription of genes involved in energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes; facilitates the association of transcription initiation factors with the promoters of the metabolism-related genes (By similarity).
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
(Microbial infection) The NELF complex is involved in HIV-1 latency possibly involving recruitment of PCF11 to paused RNA polymerase II (PubMed:23884411). In vitro, binds weakly to the HIV-1 TAR RNA which is located in the long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 (PubMed:23884411).

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for NELFB Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0003723 RNA binding IEA --
GO:0005515 protein binding IPI 11739404
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with NELFB: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with NELFB: view

Animal Models for NELFB Gene

MGI Knock Outs for NELFB:

Animal Models for research

miRNA for NELFB Gene

miRTarBase miRNAs that target NELFB

Inhibitory RNAs for research

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for NELFB

No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for NELFB Gene

Localization for NELFB Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for NELFB Gene

Nucleus.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for NELFB gene
Compartment Confidence
nucleus 5
cytosol 2
plasma membrane 1
extracellular 1
cytoskeleton 1
mitochondrion 1

Subcellular locations from the

Human Protein Atlas (HPA)
  • Nucleoplasm (3)
See all subcellular structures

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for NELFB Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005634 nucleus IEA --
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm IDA, TAS --
GO:0005737 cytoplasm IDA --
GO:0032021 NELF complex IDA, IBA 12612062
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with NELFB: view

Pathways & Interactions for NELFB Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with NELFB: view

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for NELFB Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0006366 transcription by RNA polymerase II TAS --
GO:0006368 transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter TAS --
GO:0008283 cell proliferation ISS --
GO:0034244 negative regulation of transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter ISS, IBA --
GO:0045892 negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with NELFB: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for NELFB Gene

Drugs & Compounds for NELFB Gene

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No Compound Related Data Available

Transcripts for NELFB Gene

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mRNA/cDNA for NELFB Gene

1 REFSEQ mRNAs :
9 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
1 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :

Inhibitory RNAs for research

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for NELFB

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for NELFB Gene

ExUns: 1 ^ 2 ^ 3a · 3b · 3c ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b · 5c · 5d ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14
SP1: - - - -
SP2: - -
SP3: - -
SP4:
SP5: -
SP6: -

Relevant External Links for NELFB Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
NELFB

Expression for NELFB Gene

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mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and SAGE for NELFB Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for NELFB Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for NELFB GenemRNA expression by GTEx for NELFB Gene

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for NELFB Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Bone (19.1) and Breast (15.5).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, MaxQB, and MOPED for NELFB Gene



Protein tissue co-expression partners for NELFB Gene

- Elite partner

Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for NELFB

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for NELFB Gene:

Hs.521809

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for NELFB Gene:

Q8WX92-NELFB_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Widely expressed. Expressed in heart, brain, lung, placenta, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas.

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for NELFB Gene

  • Nervous system(4.8)
  • Liver(4.3)
  • Lung(4.2)
  • Skin(2.1)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with NELFB: view

No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery , mRNA differential expression in normal tissues and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for NELFB Gene

Orthologs for NELFB Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for NELFB Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia NELFB 31
  • 100 (a)
 OneToOne
COBRA1 30
  • 98.3 (n)
Cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia COBRA1 31
  • 96 (a)
 OneToOne
NELFB 30
  • 89.37 (n)
Oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia NELFB 31
  • 91 (a)
 OneToOne
Dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia NELFB 30 31
  • 89.48 (n)
 OneToOne
Rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Nelfb 30
  • 86.15 (n)
Mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Nelfb 30 17 31
  • 85.63 (n)
 OneToOne
Platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia NELFB 31
  • 84 (a)
 OneToOne
Chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves COBRA1 30 31
  • 78.26 (n)
 OneToOne
Lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia NELFB 31
  • 86 (a)
 OneToOne
Tropical Clawed Frog
(Silurana tropicalis)
 Amphibia nelfb 30
  • 76.91 (n)
African clawed frog
(Xenopus laevis)
 Amphibia Xl.7402 30
Zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii nelfb 30 31
  • 71.9 (n)
 OneToOne
zgc55628 30
African malaria mosquito
(Anopheles gambiae)
 Insecta AgaP_AGAP012109 30
  • 62.76 (n)
Fruit Fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta NELF-B 30 31
  • 59 (n)
 OneToOne
Sea Vase
(Ciona intestinalis)
 Ascidiacea Cin.3713 30
Species where no ortholog for NELFB was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • Corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
  • Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • Pig (Sus scrofa)
  • Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • Rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • Soybean (Glycine max)
  • Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
  • Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)

Evolution for NELFB Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for NELFB (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for NELFB (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for NELFB: view image

Paralogs for NELFB Gene

No data available for Paralogs for NELFB Gene

Variants for NELFB Gene

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dbSNP identifiers (rs#s) for variants without ClinVar clinical significance for NELFB Gene

All consequence types are included: molecular consequences (e.g. missense, synonymous), and location-based (e.g. intron, upstream).

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for NELFB Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
dgv13009n54 CNV loss 21841781
dgv13011n54 CNV loss 21841781
esv2422220 CNV deletion 17116639
esv2739418 CNV deletion 23290073
esv2739419 CNV deletion 23290073
nsv1161918 CNV duplication 26073780
nsv524322 CNV loss 19592680
nsv951207 CNV deletion 24416366

Variation tolerance for NELFB Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 7.39% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 1.50; 29.25% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for NELFB Gene

SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
NELFB

SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assays for research

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for NELFB Gene

Disorders for NELFB Gene

Additional Disease Information for NELFB

Atlas
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Open Targets Platform
Open Targets Platform

No disorders were found for NELFB Gene.

No data available for MalaCards , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for NELFB Gene

Publications for NELFB Gene

  1. Deregulation of cofactor of BRCA1 expression in breast cancer cells. (PMID: 17910036) Sun J … Li R (Journal of cellular biochemistry 2008) 2 3 23
  2. Cofactor of BRCA1 modulates androgen-dependent transcription and alternative splicing. (PMID: 17659869) Sun J … Li R (The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology 2007) 2 3 23
  3. Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs. (PMID: 11230166) Wiemann S … Poustka A (Genome research 2001) 2 3 4
  4. Characterization of cDNA clones selected by the GeneMark analysis from size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain. (PMID: 10574461) Hirosawa M … Ohara O (DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes 1999) 2 3 4
  5. Architecture and RNA binding of the human negative elongation factor. (PMID: 27282391) Vos SM … Cramer P (eLife 2016) 3 4

ExternalLinks

View latest publications for NELFB gene in Mastermind

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