LPO Gene (Protein Coding)

Lactoperoxidase

GC17P058218
GIFtS:
39
This gene encodes a member of the peroxidase family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature enzyme. Following its secretion from salivary, mammary, and other mucosal glands, this enzyme catalyzes the generation of the antimicrobial substance hypothiocyanous acid. This gene is present in a gene cluster on chromosome 17. Alternat... See more...

Aliases for LPO Gene

Aliases for LPO Gene

  • Lactoperoxidase 2 3 4 5
  • SPO 2 3 4
  • Salivary Peroxidase 3 4
  • EC 1.11.1.7 4
  • EC 1.11.1 51
  • SAPX 4
  • LPO 5

External Ids for LPO Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for LPO Gene

  • GC17P056060
  • GC17P058797
  • GC17P056658
  • GC17P056790
  • GC17P053670
  • GC17P056315
  • GC17P051676

Summaries for LPO Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for LPO Gene

  • This gene encodes a member of the peroxidase family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature enzyme. Following its secretion from salivary, mammary, and other mucosal glands, this enzyme catalyzes the generation of the antimicrobial substance hypothiocyanous acid. This gene is present in a gene cluster on chromosome 17. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

GeneCards Summary for LPO Gene

LPO (Lactoperoxidase) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with LPO include Aplasia Of Lacrimal And Salivary Glands and Peroxidase, Salivary. Among its related pathways are Salivary secretion. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include heme binding and thiocyanate peroxidase activity. An important paralog of this gene is MPO.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for LPO Gene

  • Antimicrobial agent which utilizes hydrogen peroxide and thiocyanate (SCN) to generate the antimicrobial substance hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN) (By similarity). May contribute to airway host defense against infection.

Gene Wiki entry for LPO Gene

Additional gene information for LPO Gene

No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for LPO Gene

Genomics for LPO Gene

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs

Download GeneHancer 2017 data
Promoters and enhancers for LPO Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Identifier GH Type GH
Score		 GH Sources Gene Association Score Total Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor
Binding Sites		 Gene Targets
GH17J058218 Promoter/Enhancer 2 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE CraniofacialAtlas 600.7 +0.8 827 2 ARHGAP35 CREB1 GATAD2A CTCF YBX1 PRDM10 TFE3 RFX1 IKZF1 NFKBIZ MKS1 ENSG00000287337 LOC105371841 LPO SRSF1 TEX14
GH17J058238 Promoter 1 EPDnew Ensembl 600.4 +20.2 20153 0.2 ATF7 CEBPG ATF4 CEBPB ATF3 LPO ENSG00000286788 MKS1 MPO
GH17J058242 Promoter 0.3 EPDnew 600.4 +23.6 23578 0.1 LPO ENSG00000286788 MKS1 MPO
GH17J058252 Promoter 0.3 EPDnew 600.3 +33.6 33602 0.1 LPO MKS1 EPX ENSG00000286788 MPO lnc-TSPOAP1-3
GH17J058217 Enhancer 0.2 ENCODE 600.7 -0.6 -623 0.1 ENSG00000287337 LOC105371841 LPO MKS1 lnc-MPO-3 EPX
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around LPO on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path

Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for LPO

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the LPO gene promoter:
  • AREB6
  • IRF-1
  • Lmo2
  • NF-kappaB
  • NF-kappaB1
  • p53
  • RelA
  • STAT3

Genomic Locations for LPO Gene

Genomic Locations for LPO Gene
chr17:58,218,548-58,268,518
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
49,971 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand
chr17:56,295,909-56,345,879
(GRCh37/hg19)
Size:
49,971 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

Genomic View for LPO Gene

Genes around LPO on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
LPO Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for LPO Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for LPO Gene

Proteins for LPO Gene

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  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for LPO Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    P22079-PERL_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Lactoperoxidase
    Protein Accession:
    P22079
    Secondary Accessions:
    • A5JUY4
    • E7EMJ3
    • Q13408
    • Q3KNQ2

    Protein attributes for LPO Gene

    Size:
    712 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    80288 Da
    Cofactor:
    Name=Ca(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29108;
    Cofactor:
    Name=heme b; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:60344;
    Quaternary structure:
    No Data Available

    Alternative splice isoforms for LPO Gene

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

neXtProt entry for LPO Gene

Protein Expression for LPO Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Selected DME Specific Peptides for LPO Gene

P22079:
  • RDGDRFW
  • PCFLAGD

Post-translational modifications for LPO Gene

  • Glycosylation at Asn106, Asn212, Asn322, and Asn358
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

Other Protein References for LPO Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Domains & Families for LPO Gene

Gene Families for LPO Gene

Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Enzymes
  • Predicted intracellular proteins
  • Predicted secreted proteins

Protein Domains for LPO Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
  • Animal haem peroxidase signature
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for LPO Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
  • Lactoperoxidase variant (A5JUY4_HUMAN)
  • Salivary peroxidase (PERL_HUMAN)

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

P22079

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

PERL_HUMAN :
  • Belongs to the peroxidase family. XPO subfamily.
Family:
  • Belongs to the peroxidase family. XPO subfamily.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with LPO: view

Function for LPO Gene

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  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
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  6. Cell Line

Molecular function for LPO Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Antimicrobial agent which utilizes hydrogen peroxide and thiocyanate (SCN) to generate the antimicrobial substance hypothiocyanous acid (HOSCN) (By similarity). May contribute to airway host defense against infection.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=2 a phenolic donor + H2O2 = 2 a phenolic radical donor + 2 H2O; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:56136, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:16240, ChEBI:CHEBI:139520, ChEBI:CHEBI:139521; EC=1.11.1.7;.

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for LPO Gene

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for LPO Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for LPO Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0004601 peroxidase activity IBA 21873635
GO:0016491 oxidoreductase activity IEA --
GO:0020037 heme binding IEA --
GO:0036393 thiocyanate peroxidase activity IBA,IDA 12626341
GO:0046872 metal ion binding IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with LPO: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with LPO: view

Animal Models for LPO Gene

MGI Knock Outs for LPO:
  • Lpo Lpo<tm1b(EUCOMM)Wtsi>

Animal Model Products

  • Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for LPO

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for LPO

No data available for Human Phenotype Ontology , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for LPO Gene

Localization for LPO Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for LPO Gene

Secreted.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for LPO gene
Compartment Confidence
plasma membrane 5
extracellular 5
endoplasmic reticulum 2
cytosol 2
lysosome 2
cytoskeleton 1
mitochondrion 1
peroxisome 1
nucleus 1
endosome 1
golgi apparatus 1

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for LPO Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005576 extracellular region TAS --
GO:0005615 extracellular space IBA,IDA 24248522
GO:0005623 cell IEA --
GO:0005737 cytoplasm IBA,IEA --
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane IDA 19059195
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with LPO: view

No data available for Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for LPO Gene

Pathways & Interactions for LPO Gene

PathCards logo

SuperPathways for LPO Gene

SuperPathway Contained pathways
1 Salivary secretion
Salivary secretion
.34
genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with LPO: view

Pathways by source for LPO Gene

1 KEGG pathway for LPO Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for LPO Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0001580 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste IDA 24248522
GO:0006979 response to oxidative stress NAS 8964511
GO:0018969 thiocyanate metabolic process IEA --
GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium IDA 12626341
GO:0042744 hydrogen peroxide catabolic process IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with LPO: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for LPO Gene

Drugs & Compounds for LPO Gene

Products:

  1. Drug

(44) Drugs for LPO Gene - From: HMDB and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Iron Approved, Experimental Pharma 1560
Formaldehyde Approved, Vet_approved Pharma 142
Hydrogen peroxide Approved, Vet_approved Pharma 115
Water Approved Pharma 0
Phenylalanine Approved, Investigational Nutra 256

(41) Additional Compounds for LPO Gene - From: Novoseek and HMDB

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
Hypothiocyanite
  • Cyanosulfoxylate
  • N,6-didehydro-3,6-dihydro-3-Methyl-adenosine
  • OSCN-hypothiocyanite ion
  • Hypothiocyanite ion
 63296-34-4
2-Phenylacetamide
  • alpha-Phenylacetamide
  • alpha-Toluamide
  • Benzeneacetamide
  • Phenyl-beta-acetylamine
  • Phenylacetamide
 103-81-1
methanol
  • Carbinol
  • CH3OH
  • MeOH
  • Methyl alcohol
  • Methylalkohol
 67-56-1
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with LPO: view

Transcripts for LPO Gene

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  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone

mRNA/cDNA for LPO Gene

2 REFSEQ mRNAs :
15 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
11 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for LPO

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for LPO Gene

ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6a · 6b ^ 7a · 7b · 7c ^ 8a · 8b ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13a · 13b
SP1: -
SP2: - -
SP3: - -
SP4: -

Relevant External Links for LPO Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
LPO

Expression for LPO Gene

Products:

  1. Primer
  2. Gene Expression Assay

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and SAGE for LPO Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for LPO Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for LPO GenemRNA expression by GTEx for LPO Gene

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for LPO Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Minor Salivary Gland (x42.0).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for LPO Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Salivary gland (36.7), Saliva (20.3), and Skin (9.7).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for LPO Gene



Protein tissue co-expression partners for LPO Gene

Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for LPO

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for LPO Gene:

Hs.234742

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for LPO Gene:

P22079-PERL_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Mammary gland; milk and salivary gland. Found in bronchial submucosal glands.

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for LPO Gene

  • Saliva(4.6)
  • Blood(2.5)
  • Liver(2.4)
  • Lung(2.1)
  • Intestine(2)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with LPO: view

No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for LPO Gene

Orthologs for LPO Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

Orthologs for LPO Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia LPO 30 31
  • 99.69 (n)
 OneToOne
Dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia LPO 30 31
  • 86.14 (n)
 OneToOne
Cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia LPO 30 31
  • 85.91 (n)
 OneToOne
Rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Lpo 30
  • 81.57 (n)
Mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Lpo 30 17 31
  • 81.24 (n)
 OneToOne
Platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia LPO 31
  • 74 (a)
 OneToOne
Oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia LPO 31
  • 66 (a)
 OneToOne
Chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves -- 31
  • 51 (a)
 ManyToMany
Lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia -- 31
  • 55 (a)
 ManyToMany
Zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii mpx 31
  • 34 (a)
 OneToMany
Fruit Fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta CG10211 32
  • 36 (a)
CG6879 32
  • 34 (a)
Pxd 32
  • 32 (a)
CG6969 32
  • 31 (a)
pxt 32
  • 29 (a)
CG5873 31 32
  • 27 (a)
 ManyToMany
CG8913 32
  • 25 (a)
Worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans)
 Secernentea ZK430.8 32
  • 35 (a)
C46A5.4 32
  • 33 (a)
K10B4.1 32
  • 33 (a)
F09F3.5 32
  • 30 (a)
R08F11.7 31 32
  • 24 (a)
 ManyToMany
Sea Squirt
(Ciona savignyi)
 Ascidiacea -- 31
  • 33 (a)
 ManyToMany
Species where no ortholog for LPO was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • Corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
  • Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • Pig (Sus scrofa)
  • Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • Rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
  • Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • Soybean (Glycine max)
  • Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis)
  • Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Evolution for LPO Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for LPO (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for LPO (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for LPO: view image

Paralogs for LPO Gene

Paralogs for LPO Gene

(6) SIMAP similar genes for LPO Gene using alignment to 5 proteins:

  • PERL_HUMAN
  • F5H386_HUMAN
  • H0Y3I2_HUMAN
  • J3KT11_HUMAN
  • J3QSD8_HUMAN
genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with LPO: view

Variants for LPO Gene

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Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for LPO Gene

SNP ID Clinical significance and condition Chr 17 pos Variation AA Info Type
712294 Benign: not provided 58,254,827(+) A/C NON_CODING_TRANSCRIPT_VARIANT,SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT
770270 Benign: not provided 58,244,090(+) G/C INTRON_VARIANT
781308 Benign: not provided 58,267,596(+) T/C INTRON_VARIANT
781371 Benign: not provided 58,243,009(+) C/G NON_CODING_TRANSCRIPT_VARIANT,SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT
781372 Benign: not provided 58,247,627(+) C/T MISSENSE_VARIANT,NON_CODING_TRANSCRIPT_VARIANT,INTRON_VARIANT

Additional dbSNP identifiers (rs#s) for LPO Gene

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for LPO Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
nsv509663 CNV insertion 20534489
nsv517229 CNV gain+loss 19592680
nsv952348 CNV duplication 24416366

Variation tolerance for LPO Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 21.6% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 6.45; 77.36% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for LPO Gene

SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
LPO

SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for LPO Gene

Disorders for LPO Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(11) MalaCards diseases for LPO Gene - From: DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards

Disorder Aliases PubMed IDs
aplasia of lacrimal and salivary glands
  • alsg
peroxidase, salivary
  • sapx
gingivitis
  • acute gingivitis
mastitis
  • breast inflammation
common cold
  • acute coryza
- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards
Search LPO in MalaCards View complete list of genes associated with diseases

Additional Disease Information for LPO

Genetic Association Database
(GAD)
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Open Targets Platform
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with LPO: view

No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for LPO Gene

Publications for LPO Gene

  1. Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding bovine and human lactoperoxidase. (PMID: 2222811) Dull TJ … Seilhamer JJ (DNA and cell biology 1990) 2 3 4 23
  2. Molecular heterogeneity and alternative splicing of human lactoperoxidase. (PMID: 19059195) Fragoso MA … Conner GE (Archives of biochemistry and biophysics 2009) 3 4 23
  3. Lactoperoxidase and human airway host defense. (PMID: 12626341) Wijkstrom-Frei C … Conner GE (American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2003) 3 4 23
  4. Identification of lactoperoxidase in mature human milk. (PMID: 10715594) Shin K … Lönnerdal B (The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2000) 3 4 23
  5. Cloning and sequence analysis of the human salivary peroxidase-encoding cDNA. (PMID: 8964511) Kiser C … Rahemtulla F (Gene 1996) 2 3 4

ExternalLinks

View latest publications for LPO gene in Mastermind

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