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This gene encodes a member of the lysyl oxidase gene family. The prototypic member of the family is essential to the biogenesis of connective tissue, encoding an extracellular copper-dependent amine oxidase that catalyses the first step in the formation of crosslinks in collagens and elastin. A highly conserved amino acid sequence at the C-terminus end appears to be sufficient ... See more...
Aliases for LOXL2 Gene
Aliases for LOXL2 Gene
External Ids for LOXL2 Gene
- HGNC: 6666
- Entrez Gene: 4017
- Ensembl: ENSG00000134013
- OMIM: 606663
- UniProtKB: Q9Y4K0
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for LOXL2 Gene
- GC08U990046
- GC08M023508
- GC08M022974
- GC08M023176
- GC08M023210
- GC08M021700
- GC08M023154
Summaries for LOXL2 Gene
-
This gene encodes a member of the lysyl oxidase gene family. The prototypic member of the family is essential to the biogenesis of connective tissue, encoding an extracellular copper-dependent amine oxidase that catalyses the first step in the formation of crosslinks in collagens and elastin. A highly conserved amino acid sequence at the C-terminus end appears to be sufficient for amine oxidase activity, suggesting that each family member may retain this function. The N-terminus is poorly conserved and may impart additional roles in developmental regulation, senescence, tumor suppression, cell growth control, and chemotaxis to each member of the family. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
GeneCards Summary for LOXL2 Gene
LOXL2 (Lysyl Oxidase Like 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with LOXL2 include Hyperostosis Cranialis Interna and Mid-Dermal Elastolysis. Among its related pathways are Degradation of the extracellular matrix and Collagen chain trimerization. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include chromatin binding and electron transfer activity. An important paralog of this gene is LOXL3.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for LOXL2 Gene
-
Mediates the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine) (PubMed:27735137). Acts as a transcription corepressor and specifically mediates deamination of trimethylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me3), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation (PubMed:27735137). Shows no activity against histone H3 when it is trimethylated on 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) or 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) or when 'Lys-4' is monomethylated (H3K4me1) or dimethylated (H3K4me2) (PubMed:27735137). Also mediates deamination of methylated TAF10, a member of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex, which induces release of TAF10 from promoters, leading to inhibition of TFIID-dependent transcription (PubMed:25959397). LOXL2-mediated deamination of TAF10 results in transcriptional repression of genes required for embryonic stem cell pluripotency including POU5F1/OCT4, NANOG, KLF4 and SOX2 (By similarity). Involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) via interaction with SNAI1 and participates in repression of E-cadherin CDH1, probably by mediating deamination of histone H3 (PubMed:16096638, PubMed:27735137, PubMed:24414204). During EMT, involved with SNAI1 in negatively regulating pericentromeric heterochromatin transcription (PubMed:24239292). SNAI1 recruits LOXL2 to pericentromeric regions to oxidize histone H3 and repress transcription which leads to release of heterochromatin component CBX5/HP1A, enabling chromatin reorganization and acquisition of mesenchymal traits (PubMed:24239292). Interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum protein HSPA5 which activates the IRE1-XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response, leading to expression of several transcription factors involved in EMT and subsequent EMT induction (PubMed:28332555). Involved in E-cadherin repression following hypoxia, a hallmark of EMT believed to amplify tumor aggressiveness, suggesting that it may play a role in tumor progression (PubMed:20026874). When secreted into the extracellular matrix, promotes cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins by mediating oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors to fibrous collagen and elastin (PubMed:20306300). Acts as a regulator of sprouting angiogenesis, probably via collagen IV scaffolding (PubMed:21835952). Acts as a regulator of chondrocyte differentiation, probably by regulating expression of factors that control chondrocyte differentiation (By similarity).
Additional gene information for LOXL2 Gene
- HGNC(6666)
- Entrez Gene(4017)
- Ensembl(ENSG00000134013)
- OMIM(606663)
- UniProtKB(Q9Y4K0)
- Open Targets Platform(ENSG00000134013)
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for LOXL2 at DataMed
- Search for LOXL2 at HumanCyc
No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for LOXL2 Gene
Genomics for LOXL2 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs
Promoters and enhancers for LOXL2 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around LOXL2 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for LOXL2
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the LOXL2 gene promoter:
-
- AML1a
- c-Myb
- CUTL1
- FOXD3
- FOXI1
- HFH-3
- ITF-2
- LCR-F1
- RelA
- Tal-1beta
Genomic Locations for LOXL2 Gene
Genomic Locations for LOXL2 Gene
- chr8:23,296,897-23,425,328
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 128,432 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr8:23,154,410-23,282,841
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 128,432 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for LOXL2 Gene
Genes around LOXL2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 8p21.3 by HGNC
- 8p21.3 by Entrez Gene
- 8p21.3 by Ensembl
LOXL2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for LOXL2 Gene
Proteins for LOXL2 Gene
-
Protein details for LOXL2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q9Y4K0-LOXL2_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Lysyl oxidase homolog 2
- Protein Accession:
- Q9Y4K0
- B2R5Q0
- Q53HV3
- Q9BW70
- Q9Y5Y8
Protein attributes for LOXL2 Gene
- Size:
- 774 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 86725 Da
- Cofactor:
- Name=Cu cation; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:23378;
- Cofactor:
- Name=lysine tyrosylquinone residue; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:20489;
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Component of some chromatin repressor complex. Interacts with SNAI1 (PubMed:16096638). Interacts with TAF10 (PubMed:25959397). Interacts with HSPA5 (PubMed:28332555).
- SequenceCaution:
-
- Sequence=AAD34343.1; Type=Erroneous termination; Note=Extended C-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
- Miscellaneous:
-
- Its overexpression in a number of cancers and its ability to promote epithelial to mesenchymal transition suggest that LOXL2 might play a role in tumor progression: expression is correlated with metastasis and decreased survival in patients with aggressive breast cancer (PubMed:21233336, PubMed:21732535). Allosteric inhibition by AB0023 inhibits formation of the tumor microenvironment and reduces metastatic tumor burden in xenograft models (PubMed:20818376, PubMed:21732535). However, inhibiting the enzyme activity of LOXL2 may not be sufficient, since inhibition of keratinocyte differentiation is not prevented in mutants that lack enzyme activity nor by inhibition of activity by the AB0023 antibody, thereby promoting development of squamous cell carcinomas (PubMed:22157764).
Protein Expression for LOXL2 Gene
Selected DME Specific Peptides for LOXL2 Gene
- Q9Y4K0:
-
- GEGRVEVL
- YRHDIDCQWVDITDV
- RRLLRFS
- YECANFG
- GEGPIWLDN
- DAGVRCN
- NGTKVAEGHKASFCLEDTEC
- CHRHYHS
- EVFTHYDLL
Post-translational modifications for LOXL2 Gene
- The lysine tyrosylquinone cross-link (LTQ) is generated by condensation of the epsilon-amino group of a lysine with a topaquinone produced by oxidation of tyrosine.
- N-glycosylated. N-glycosylation on Asn-455 and Asn-644 may be essential for proper folding and secretion; may be composed of a fucosylated carbohydrates attached to a trimannose N-linked glycan core.
-
Glycosylation at Asn288, Asn455, and Asn644
- NX_Q9Y4K0 (NX_Q9Y4K0-1)
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
-
Glycosylation from GlyConnect
- LOXL2_HUMAN (1480)
Other Protein References for LOXL2 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- LifeSpan BioSciences LOXL2 Antibody (LS-A9354) and LOXL2 Antibody (LS-A9350)
- Creative Diagnostics Anti-LOXL2 monoclonal antibody, clone 6E3
-
Creative Biolabs
- Recombinant Anti-Human LOXL2 Antibody Fab Fragment
- Anti-Human LOXL2 Therapeutic Antibody (Simtuzumab)
- Recombinant Anti-Human LOXL2 Antibody
- Rabbit anti-Human LOXL2 Antibody
- Recombinant Humanized Anti-LOXL2 Antibody (AB0024)
- Recombinant Mouse Anti-LOXL2 Fab Fragment (AB0030)
- Mouse Anti-LOXL2 Recombinant Antibody (262418)
- Mouse Anti-LOXL2 Recombinant Antibody (5D2)
- Recombinant Mouse Anti-LOXL2 scFv Fragment (AB0030)
- Afuco™ Anti-LOXL2 ADCC Theraputic Antibody (Simtuzumab), ADCC Enhanced
- GeneTex Anti-LOXL2 antibody
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for LOXL2
-
Abcam antibodies for LOXL2
- Invitrogen Antibodies for LOXL2 (AFLGC-LOXL2)
- antibodies-online: Show 54 available LOXL2 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top LOXL2 Antibodies
-
Recommended
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for LOXL2
- Sino Biological Antibodies for LOXL2
Protein Products
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for LOXL2
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for LOXL2
- Origene Custom Protein Services for LOXL2
- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for LOXL2
- Sino Biological Cell Lysates for LOXL2
-
ProSci Proteins for LOXL2
-
Abcam proteins for LOXL2
Assay Products
- RayBiotech Custom Human LOXL2 ELISA
-
Custom Assay ServicesOriGene ELISA Kits for LOXL2
- antibodies-online: Show 35 available LOXL2 Elisa Kits ranked by validation data
- Compare Top LOXL2 Elisa Kits
-
Quality Products:
- ABIN421170
- ABIN843898
- ABIN2859246
- ABIN1571065
- ABIN5523726
- ABIN5594029
- ABIN4883631
- ABIN6385711
- ABIN5656565
- ABIN6719903
- ABIN428542
- ABIN843899
- ABIN1571066
- ABIN5594030
- ABIN5656566
- ABIN2536272
- ABIN4970895
- ABIN6222877
- ABIN1141335
- ABIN435425
- ABIN1571067
- ABIN5656567
- ABIN2536273
- ABIN6222881
- ABIN4970954
- ABIN2870050
-
Boster Bio ELISA Kits for LOXL2
-
Abcam assays for LOXL2
- Sino Biological Assays for LOXL2
Domains & Families for LOXL2 Gene
Gene Families for LOXL2 Gene
- HGNC:
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Enzymes
- Predicted intracellular proteins
- Predicted secreted proteins
Protein Domains for LOXL2 Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
-
- Speract/scavenger receptor
- Lysyl oxidase
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for LOXL2 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- Lysyl oxidase-related protein WS9-14 (LOXL2_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q9Y4K0UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
LOXL2_HUMAN :- The fourth SRCR domain plays an important role in optimizing the catalytic activity of the lysyl-oxidase like (LOX) catalytic domain.
- Belongs to the lysyl oxidase family.
- Domain:
-
- The fourth SRCR domain plays an important role in optimizing the catalytic activity of the lysyl-oxidase like (LOX) catalytic domain.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the lysyl oxidase family.
Function for LOXL2 Gene
Molecular function for LOXL2 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Mediates the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine) (PubMed:27735137). Acts as a transcription corepressor and specifically mediates deamination of trimethylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me3), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation (PubMed:27735137). Shows no activity against histone H3 when it is trimethylated on 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) or 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) or when 'Lys-4' is monomethylated (H3K4me1) or dimethylated (H3K4me2) (PubMed:27735137). Also mediates deamination of methylated TAF10, a member of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex, which induces release of TAF10 from promoters, leading to inhibition of TFIID-dependent transcription (PubMed:25959397). LOXL2-mediated deamination of TAF10 results in transcriptional repression of genes required for embryonic stem cell pluripotency including POU5F1/OCT4, NANOG, KLF4 and SOX2 (By similarity). Involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) via interaction with SNAI1 and participates in repression of E-cadherin CDH1, probably by mediating deamination of histone H3 (PubMed:16096638, PubMed:27735137, PubMed:24414204). During EMT, involved with SNAI1 in negatively regulating pericentromeric heterochromatin transcription (PubMed:24239292). SNAI1 recruits LOXL2 to pericentromeric regions to oxidize histone H3 and repress transcription which leads to release of heterochromatin component CBX5/HP1A, enabling chromatin reorganization and acquisition of mesenchymal traits (PubMed:24239292). Interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum protein HSPA5 which activates the IRE1-XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response, leading to expression of several transcription factors involved in EMT and subsequent EMT induction (PubMed:28332555). Involved in E-cadherin repression following hypoxia, a hallmark of EMT believed to amplify tumor aggressiveness, suggesting that it may play a role in tumor progression (PubMed:20026874). When secreted into the extracellular matrix, promotes cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins by mediating oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors to fibrous collagen and elastin (PubMed:20306300). Acts as a regulator of sprouting angiogenesis, probably via collagen IV scaffolding (PubMed:21835952). Acts as a regulator of chondrocyte differentiation, probably by regulating expression of factors that control chondrocyte differentiation (By similarity).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
- Reaction=H2O + L-lysyl-[protein] + O2 = [protein]-(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:24544, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9752, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:12448, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:16240, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:29969, ChEBI:CHEBI:131803; EC=1.4.3.13; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20306300, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20439985, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23319596, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29581294};.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
- Strongly induced in hypoxia. Direct transcriptional target of HIF1A.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot BiophysicochemicalProperties:
- Kinetic parameters: KM=1.01 mM for 1,5-diaminopentane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20439985, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23319596}; KM=1.05 mM for spermine {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20439985, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23319596}; KM=0.59 uM for tropoelastin (without the first three SRCR domains) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20439985, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23319596}; KM=0.62 uM for tropoelastin (without all four SRCR domains) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20439985, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23319596}; Note=kcat is 2.04 min(-1) with tropoelastin as substrate (without the first three SRCR domains). kcat is 0.62 min(-1) with tropoelastin as substrate (without all four SRCR domains).;
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
- According to some reports, it is inhibited by beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) (PubMed:20439985 and PubMed:23319596). According to another report, it is not inhibited by beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) (PubMed:20306300). Specifically inhibited by a mouse monoclonal antibody AB0023, inhibition occurs in a non-competitive manner.
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- lysyl oxidase-like 2,extracellular matrix enzyme,widely expressed predominantly in reproductive tissues (placenta,uterus,prostate)
Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for LOXL2 Gene
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for LOXL2 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0004720 | protein-lysine 6-oxidase activity | IBA,IDA | 23319596 |
| GO:0005044 | scavenger receptor activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005507 | copper ion binding | IDA | 29581294 |
| GO:0005509 | calcium ion binding | IDA | 29581294 |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 16096638 |
Phenotypes for LOXL2 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for LOXL2:
- inferred from 2 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for LOXL2:
-
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- no effect
- Decreased viability
- shRNA abundance <= 50%
- Synthetic lethal with Ras
- Increased gamma-H2AX phosphorylation
- shRNA abundance <= 25%
- Strongly decreased CFP-tsO45G cell surface transport
- FOXO1 nuclear localization
- Upregulation of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway after WNT3A stimulation
- Decreased viability in pancreas lineage
Animal Models for LOXL2 Gene
- MGI Knock Outs for LOXL2:
-
- Loxl2 Loxl2<tm1.2Acan>
Animal Model Products
-
Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for LOXL2
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for LOXL2 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * LOXL2 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for LOXL2
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for LOXL2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for LOXL2
miRNA for LOXL2 Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target LOXL2
-
- hsa-miR-192-5p (MIRT004135)
- hsa-miR-29b-3p (MIRT438918)
- hsa-miR-218-5p (MIRT440322)
- hsa-miR-410-5p (MIRT487557)
- hsa-miR-4465 (MIRT487558)
- hsa-miR-498 (MIRT487559)
- hsa-miR-26b-5p (MIRT487560)
- hsa-miR-26a-5p (MIRT487561)
- hsa-miR-1297 (MIRT487562)
- hsa-miR-4679 (MIRT487563)
- hsa-miR-3691-3p (MIRT487564)
- hsa-miR-4677-3p (MIRT487565)
- hsa-miR-5697 (MIRT487566)
- hsa-miR-511-3p (MIRT487567)
- hsa-miR-595 (MIRT487568)
- mmu-miR-712-5p (MIRT578370)
- mmu-miR-1298-5p (MIRT578371)
- mmu-miR-453 (MIRT586706)
- mmu-miR-3066-5p (MIRT586707)
- mmu-miR-1186b (MIRT586708)
- mmu-miR-434-3p (MIRT586709)
- mmu-miR-3097-3p (MIRT591243)
- mmu-miR-717 (MIRT591244)
- mmu-miR-362-3p (MIRT591245)
- mmu-miR-329-3p (MIRT591246)
- mmu-miR-5119 (MIRT591247)
- mmu-miR-3071-5p (MIRT591248)
- mmu-miR-466g (MIRT591249)
- mmu-miR-1947-5p (MIRT591251)
- mmu-miR-3473d (MIRT591252)
- mmu-miR-674-5p (MIRT591253)
- hsa-miR-8061 (MIRT709479)
- hsa-miR-4760-5p (MIRT709480)
- hsa-miR-29b-2-5p (MIRT709481)
- hsa-miR-4507 (MIRT709482)
- hsa-miR-3940-5p (MIRT709483)
- hsa-miR-376a-5p (MIRT709484)
- hsa-miR-6793-5p (MIRT709485)
- hsa-miR-194-3p (MIRT709486)
- hsa-miR-3681-3p (MIRT709487)
- hsa-miR-216a-3p (MIRT709488)
- hsa-miR-128-3p (MIRT709489)
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for LOXL2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For LOXL2
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for LOXL2
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for LOXL2 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * LOXL2 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for LOXL2
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for LOXL2
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for LOXL2
No data available for Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for LOXL2 Gene
Localization for LOXL2 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for LOXL2 Gene
- Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix, basement membrane. Nucleus. Chromosome. Endoplasmic reticulum. Note=Associated with chromatin (PubMed:27735137). It is unclear how LOXL2 is nuclear as it contains a signal sequence and has been shown to be secreted (PubMed:23319596). However, a number of reports confirm its intracellular location and its key role in transcription regulation (PubMed:22204712, PubMed:22483618). {ECO:0000269 PubMed:22204712, ECO:0000269 PubMed:23319596, ECO:0000269 PubMed:24414204, ECO:0000269 PubMed:27735137}.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| extracellular | 5 |
| nucleus | 5 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 5 |
| plasma membrane | 3 |
| cytoskeleton | 2 |
| mitochondrion | 2 |
| cytosol | 2 |
| peroxisome | 1 |
| endosome | 1 |
| lysosome | 1 |
| golgi apparatus | 1 |
- Nucleoplasm (4)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000785 | chromatin | IDA | 27735137 |
| GO:0005576 | extracellular region | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005604 | basement membrane | ISS | -- |
| GO:0005615 | extracellular space | TAS,IDA | 23319596 |
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | TAS | 16096638 |
Pathways & Interactions for LOXL2 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Collagen chain trimerization | ||
| 2 | Elastic fibre formation | ||
| 3 | Degradation of the extracellular matrix | ||
| 4 | SMAD2/3 MH2 Domain Mutants in Cancer | ||
Pathways by source for LOXL2 Gene
1 BioSystems pathway for LOXL2 Gene
Interacting Proteins for LOXL2 Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
Q9Y4K0-LOXL2_HUMAN
ENSP00000373783
for LOXL2 Gene via
UniProtKB
MINT
STRING
IID
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for LOXL2
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | IDA | 25959397 |
| GO:0001666 | response to hypoxia | IEA,ISS | -- |
| GO:0001837 | epithelial to mesenchymal transition | IDA | 16096638 |
| GO:0001935 | endothelial cell proliferation | IMP | 21835952 |
| GO:0002040 | sprouting angiogenesis | IMP | 21835952 |
Drugs & Compounds for LOXL2 Gene
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Docosanoyl-CoA |
|
|
Transcripts for LOXL2 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for LOXL2 Gene
- 1 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 11 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 15 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000389131 3721 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000518083 588 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000518472 725 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000518878 689 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000519243 763 nts (view in UCSC)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for LOXL2 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * LOXL2 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for LOXL2
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for LOXL2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for LOXL2
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for LOXL2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For LOXL2
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for LOXL2
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for LOXL2 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * LOXL2 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for LOXL2
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for LOXL2
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | · | 5c | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11a | · | 11b | · | 11c | ^ | 12a | · | 12b | ^ | 13 | ^ | 14a | · | 14b | ^ | 15 | ^ | 16 | ^ | 17 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Relevant External Links for LOXL2 Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- LOXL2
Expression for LOXL2 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
-
Heart (Cardiovascular System)
- Atrioventricular Node Cells Atrioventricular Node
-
Extraembryonic Mesoderm (Extraembryonic Tissues)
- Extraembryonic Angioblasts Extraembryonic Capillary Plexus
-
Endothelium (Cardiovascular System)
- Extraembryonic Angioblasts Extraembryonic Capillary Plexus
-
Smooth Muscle (Muscoskeletal System)
This gene is overexpressed in Amniocyte (62.0) and Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (6.6).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, MaxQB, and MOPED for LOXL2 Gene
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for LOXL2
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for LOXL2 Gene:
Hs.626637mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for LOXL2 Gene:
Q9Y4K0-LOXL2_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Expressed in many tissues (PubMed:10212285). Highest expression in reproductive tissues, placenta, uterus and prostate (PubMed:10212285). In esophageal epithelium, expressed in the basal, prickle and granular cell layers (PubMed:22204712). Up-regulated in a number of cancers cells and tissues.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for LOXL2 Gene
- Kidney(4.7)
- Spleen(4.3)
- Lung(3.9)
- Nervous system(3.6)
- Skin(3.3)
- Muscle(3.1)
- Intestine(2.5)
- Heart(2.4)
- Liver(2.4)
- Blood(2.4)
- Bone(2.4)
- Lymph node(2.3)
- Pancreas(2.2)
- Eye(2)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for LOXL2
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for LOXL2
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for mRNA differential expression in normal tissues and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for LOXL2 Gene
Orthologs for LOXL2 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | LOXL2 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | LOXL2 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Loxl2 30 |
|
||
| Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Loxl2 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | LOXL2 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | LOXL2 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | LOXL2 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | LOXL2 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | loxl2 30 |
|
||
| Str.11918 30 |
|
||||
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | loxl2b 30 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| LOXL2 (3 of 3) 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| loxl2a 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| Dr.715 30 |
|
||||
| African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | SCRAL1 30 |
|
||
| Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | lox2 30 32 |
|
||
| lox 32 |
|
|
- Species where no ortholog for LOXL2 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- Corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
- Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa)
- Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
- Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
- Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- Soybean (Glycine max)
- Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Evolution for LOXL2 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for LOXL2 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for LOXL2 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for LOXL2: view image
Paralogs for LOXL2 Gene
Paralogs for LOXL2 Gene
(9) SIMAP similar genes for LOXL2 Gene using alignment to 9 proteins:
- LOXL2_HUMAN
- E5RFE2_HUMAN
- E5RFY0_HUMAN
- E5RHH3_HUMAN
- E5RI22_HUMAN
- E5RJL2_HUMAN
- H0YAP6_HUMAN
- H0YAR1_HUMAN
- R4GMS2_HUMAN
Variants for LOXL2 Gene
Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for LOXL2 Gene
| SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 08 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 715812 | Benign: not provided | 23,368,195(-) | C/A | MISSENSE_VARIANT | |
| 716530 | Benign: not provided | 23,360,210(-) | T/G | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT | |
| 792103 | Benign: not provided | 23,360,240(-) | G/A | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT | |
| rs200187619 | Likely Benign: not specified | 23,302,174(-) | G/T | INTRON_VARIANT | |
| rs1063582 | - | p.Met570Leu |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| dgv7139n100 | CNV | loss | 25217958 |
| dgv7140n100 | CNV | gain | 25217958 |
| esv25599 | CNV | loss | 19812545 |
| nsv1017570 | CNV | gain | 25217958 |
| nsv1026345 | CNV | gain | 25217958 |
| nsv1117811 | CNV | deletion | 24896259 |
| nsv1134912 | CNV | tandem duplication | 24896259 |
| nsv470206 | CNV | gain | 18288195 |
| nsv472520 | CNV | novel sequence insertion | 20440878 |
| nsv610778 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| nsv610779 | CNV | gain | 21841781 |
| nsv6118 | CNV | insertion | 18451855 |
| nsv831268 | CNV | gain | 17160897 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
42.6% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
3.78;
58.09% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for LOXL2 Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for LOXL2 Gene
Disorders for LOXL2 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| hyperostosis cranialis interna |
|
|
| mid-dermal elastolysis |
|
|
| wilson disease |
|
|
| prediabetes syndrome |
|
|
| breast cancer |
|
Search LOXL2 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for LOXL2
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
- Open Targets Platform
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for LOXL2 Gene
Publications for LOXL2 Gene
- The lysyl oxidases LOX and LOXL2 are necessary and sufficient to repress E-cadherin in hypoxia: insights into cellular transformation processes mediated by HIF-1. (PMID: 20026874) Schietke R … Wiesener MS (The Journal of biological chemistry 2010) 3 4 23
- Systematic screening of lysyl oxidase-like (LOXL) family genes demonstrates that LOXL2 is a susceptibility gene to intracranial aneurysms. (PMID: 17287949) Akagawa H … Inoue I (Human genetics 2007) 3 23 41
- A molecular role for lysyl oxidase-like 2 enzyme in snail regulation and tumor progression. (PMID: 16096638) Peinado H … Portillo F (The EMBO journal 2005) 3 4 23
- The LOXL2 gene encodes a new lysyl oxidase-like protein and is expressed at high levels in reproductive tissues. (PMID: 10212285) Jourdan-Le Saux C … Csiszar K (The Journal of biological chemistry 1999) 3 4 23
- The human lysyl oxidase-related gene (LOXL2) maps between markers D8S280 and D8S278 on chromosome 8p21.2-p21.3. (PMID: 9722957) Jourdan-Le Saux C … Csiszar K (Genomics 1998) 2 3 23
ExternalLinks
Products for LOXL2 Gene
- View all 5 R&D Systems LOXL2 (Lysyl Oxidase Homolog 2/LOXL2) Products
- View all R&D Systems LOXL2 (Lysyl Oxidase Homolog 2/LOXL2) Proteins and Enzymes
- View all 2 R&D Systems LOXL2 (Lysyl Oxidase Homolog 2/LOXL2) Primary Antibodies
- View all R&D Systems LOXL2 (Lysyl Oxidase Homolog 2/LOXL2) ELISAs
- View all R&D Systems LOXL2 (Lysyl Oxidase Homolog 2/LOXL2) cDNA Clones
- Learn more about R&D Systems custom LOXL2 antibody, protein, and immunoassay development services
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for LOXL2
- Custom Assay ServicesOriGene ELISA Kits for LOXL2
- OriGene Purified Proteins for LOXL2
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for LOXL2
- Origene Custom Protein Services for LOXL2
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for LOXL2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For LOXL2
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for LOXL2
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for LOXL2
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for LOXL2
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Browse OriGene miRNA Products For LOXL2
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for LOXL2
- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for LOXL2
- Sino Biological Cell Lysates for LOXL2
- Sino Biological Antibodies for LOXL2
- Sino Biological Assays for LOXL2
- Browse Recombinant Proteins
- Browse Antibodies
- Browse cDNA Clones
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- High-throughput Antibody Production Service
- Protein Production Service
- Epitope Tag Antibodies & Reporter Protein Antibodies
- Lentiviral ORF Clones
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for LOXL2
- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for LOXL2
- Browse Antibodies
- Browse Peptides and Proteins
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- Abcam proteins for LOXL2
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- Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for LOXL2
- Find your next knockout model in the Taconic Knockout Repository
- Genetically Engineered Models Available Immediately
- Humanized Mice
- Invitrogen Antibodies for LOXL2 (AFLGC-LOXL2)
- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for LOXL2 (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for LOXL2 (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder CRISPR vectors for LOXL2 (ie. knockout, knockin, CRISPRa, CRISPRi)
- VectorBuilder Virus packaging for LOXL2 CRISPR vectors (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder Stable cell line generation for LOXL2
- antibodies-online: Show 54 available LOXL2 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top LOXL2 Antibodies
- Recommended
- antibodies-online: Show 35 available LOXL2 Elisa Kits ranked by validation data
- Compare Top LOXL2 Elisa Kits
- Quality Products:
- ABIN421170
- ABIN843898
- ABIN2859246
- ABIN1571065
- ABIN5523726
- ABIN5594029
- ABIN4883631
- ABIN6385711
- ABIN5656565
- ABIN6719903
- ABIN428542
- ABIN843899
- ABIN1571066
- ABIN5594030
- ABIN5656566
- ABIN2536272
- ABIN4970895
- ABIN6222877
- ABIN1141335
- ABIN435425
- ABIN1571067
- ABIN5656567
- ABIN2536273
- ABIN6222881
- ABIN4970954
- ABIN2870050
- antibodies-online: Show 23 available LOXL2 Proteins ranked by validation data
- Compare Top LOXL2 Proteins
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for LOXL2
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for LOXL2 siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for LOXL2
- Search for LOXL2 Antibodies at ProSci
- Custom Antibody Services
- ProSci Proteins for LOXL2
- Horizon Cell Lines for LOXL2
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for LOXL2
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for LOXL2
- Search GeneCopoeia for miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for LOXL2
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for LOXL2
Sources for LOXL2 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
- (45) GenBank
- (46) HORDE
- (47) HUGE
- (48) IMGT
- (49) Leiden
- (50) miRBase
- (51) DME
- (52) OriGene
- (53) PubMed
- (54) R&D Systems
- (55) TGDB
- (56) Tocris
- (57) Abcam
- (58) Novus Biologicals
- (59) ProSpec
- (60) Sino Biological
- (61) GenScript
- (62) Qiagen
- (63) OCA
- (64) Proteopedia
- (65) MOPED
- (66) neXtProt
- (67) Reactome
- (68) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (69) DISEASES
- (70) SIMAP
- (71) GenomeRNAi
- (72) LifeMap
- (73) miRTarBase
- (74) MalaCards
- (75) Invitrogen
- (76) BitterDB
- (77) ESI-BIO
- (78) RefSeq
- (79) BioSystems
- (80) MaxQB
- (81) IUPHAR
- (82) BioGPS
- (83) Illumina
- (84) COMPARTMENTS
- (85) HOMER
- (86) PaxDb
- (87) ApexBio
- (88) Addgene
- (89) antibodies-online
- (90) CYP
- (91) NONCODE
- (92) TreeFam
- (93) PathCards
- (94) GeneReviews
- (95) GeneTex
- (96) Taconic Biosciences
- (97) GTEx
- (98) ProteomicsDB
- (99) SCBT
- (100) DGIdb
- (101) ClinicalTrials
- (102) RVIS
- (103) SIGNOR
- (104) diseasecard
- (105) NIH Rare Diseases
- (106) Orphanet
- (107) UMLS
- (108) GTR
- (109) Disease Ontology
- (110) Genetics Home Reference
- (111) MeSH
- (112) MedlinePlus
- (113) CDC
- (114) NINDS
- (115) NCBI Bookshelf
- (116) ClinVar
- (117) Gene Damage Index
- (118) HPO
- (119) UDN
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- (122) ENCODE
- (123) ProSci
- (124) Horizon
- (125) The Signaling Pathways Project (SPP)
- (126) IID
- (127) VectorBuilder
- (128) SNPedia
- (129) BRCA Exchange
- (130) CIViC
- (131) ProteoGenix
- (132) dbSUPER
- (133) TISSUES
- (134) Gene ORGANizer
- (135) abm
- (136) Human Protein Atlas
- (137) GWAS Catalog
- (138) Monarch Initiative
- (139) DataMed
- (140) HumanCyc
- (141) UCNEbase
- (142) EPDnew
- (143) Applied Biosystems
- (144) GlyConnect
- (145) Aminode
- (146) GeneCopoeia
- (147) GPS-Prot
- (148) RNACentral
- (149) LncRNADisease
- (150) LOVD
- (151) miR2Disease
- (152) DiseaseEnhancer
- (153) Boster Bio
- (154) Biorbyt
- (155) Biocompare
- (156) Mastermind
- (157) CTD^2 Dashboard
- (158) CraniofacialAtlas
- (159) GeneImprint
- (160) Synthego
- (161) ENA
- (162) GtRNAdb
- (163) LncBase
- (164) LncBook
- (165) LNCipedia
- (166) Modomics
- (167) PDBe
- (168) Rfam
- (169) SILVA
- (170) snOPY
- (171) SRPDB
- (172) GENCODE
- (173) TarBase
- (174) Signalway Antibody
- (175) Open Targets Platform
- (176) 5SRRNADB
- (177) snoDB
- (178) MirGeneDB