Free for academic non-profit institutions. Other users need a Commercial license
Aliases for KASH5 Gene
Aliases for KASH5 Gene
External Ids for KASH5 Gene
- HGNC: 26520
- Entrez Gene: 147872
- Ensembl: ENSG00000161609
- OMIM: 618125
- UniProtKB: Q8N6L0
Previous HGNC Symbols for KASH5 Gene
- CCDC155
Summaries for KASH5 Gene
GeneCards Summary for KASH5 Gene
KASH5 (KASH Domain Containing 5) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with KASH5 include Spermatogenic Failure 16 and Muscular Dystrophy, Congenital, Lmna-Related. An important paralog of this gene is SSH2.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for KASH5 Gene
-
As a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex, involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. The nucleocytoplasmic interactions established by the LINC complex play an important role in the transmission of mechanical forces across the nuclear envelope and in nuclear movement and positioning. Required for telomere attachment to nuclear envelope in the prophase of meiosis and for rapid telomere prophase movements implicating a SUN1/2:KASH5 LINC complex in which SUN1 and SUN2 seem to act at least partial redundantly. Required for homolog pairing during meiotic prophase in spermatocytes and probably oocytes. Essential for male and female gametogenesis. Recruits cytoplasmic dynein to telomere attachment sites at the nuclear envelope in spermatocytes. In oocytes is involved in meiotic resumption and spindle formation.
Additional gene information for KASH5 Gene
- HGNC(26520)
- Entrez Gene(147872)
- Ensembl(ENSG00000161609)
- OMIM(618125)
- UniProtKB(Q8N6L0)
- Open Targets Platform(ENSG00000161609)
- Search for KASH5 at DataMed
- Search for KASH5 at HumanCyc
No data available for Entrez Gene Summary , CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for KASH5 Gene
Genomics for KASH5 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs
Promoters and enhancers for KASH5 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around KASH5 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for KASH5
Genomic Locations for KASH5 Gene
Genomic Locations for KASH5 Gene
- chr19:49,388,218-49,418,002
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 29,785 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
- chr19:49,891,475-49,921,256
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 29,782 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for KASH5 Gene
Genes around KASH5 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 19q13.33 by HGNC
- 19q13.33 by Entrez Gene
- 19q13.33 by Ensembl
KASH5 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for KASH5 Gene
Proteins for KASH5 Gene
-
Protein details for KASH5 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q8N6L0-KASH5_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Protein KASH5
- Protein Accession:
- Q8N6L0
- Q96MC3
Protein attributes for KASH5 Gene
- Size:
- 562 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 62783 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Core component the LINC complex which is composed of inner nuclear membrane SUN domain-containing proteins coupled to outer nuclear membrane KASH domain-containing nesprins. SUN and KASH domain-containing proteins seem to bind each other promiscuously; however, differentially expression of LINC complex constituents is giving rise to specific assemblies. At least SUN1/2-containing core LINC complexes are proposed to be hexameric composed of three protomers of each KASH and SUN domain-containing protein. Interacts (via the last 22 AA) with SUN1; this interaction mediates its telomere localization by forming a SUN1:KASH5 LINC complex. Component of a probable SUN2:KASH5 LINC complex. Self-associates. Interacts with DYNC1H1, DCTN1, DYNC1I1/2 and PAFAH1B1; suggesting the association with the dynein-dynactin motor complex.
Post-translational modifications for KASH5 Gene
No Post-translational modifications
Other Protein References for KASH5 Gene
Antibody Products
- Creative Diagnostics Anti-CCDC155 monoclonal antibody
-
Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for KASH5
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for KASH5
- Invitrogen Antibodies for KASH5 (AFLGC-CCDC155)
- antibodies-online: Show 14 available CCDC155 Antibodies ranked by validation data
Protein Products
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for KASH5
- Origene Custom Protein Services for KASH5
-
Abcam proteins for KASH5
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for KASH5 Gene
Domains & Families for KASH5 Gene
Gene Families for KASH5 Gene
- HGNC:
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Predicted intracellular proteins
- Predicted membrane proteins
Protein Domains for KASH5 Gene
- InterPro:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for KASH5 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 155 (CC155_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q8N6L0UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
KASH5_HUMAN :- The C-terminal 22 AA is required and sufficient for localization to telomeres at the nuclear envelope.
- Domain:
-
- The C-terminal 22 AA is required and sufficient for localization to telomeres at the nuclear envelope.
Function for KASH5 Gene
Molecular function for KASH5 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- As a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex, involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. The nucleocytoplasmic interactions established by the LINC complex play an important role in the transmission of mechanical forces across the nuclear envelope and in nuclear movement and positioning. Required for telomere attachment to nuclear envelope in the prophase of meiosis and for rapid telomere prophase movements implicating a SUN1/2:KASH5 LINC complex in which SUN1 and SUN2 seem to act at least partial redundantly. Required for homolog pairing during meiotic prophase in spermatocytes and probably oocytes. Essential for male and female gametogenesis. Recruits cytoplasmic dynein to telomere attachment sites at the nuclear envelope in spermatocytes. In oocytes is involved in meiotic resumption and spindle formation.
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for KASH5 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 25416956 |
| GO:0042802 | identical protein binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0070840 | dynein complex binding | IEA,IBA | 21873635 |
Phenotypes for KASH5 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for KASH5:
- inferred from 1 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for KASH5:
Animal Models for KASH5 Gene
- MGI Knock Outs for KASH5:
-
- Kash5 Kash5<tm1b(KOMP)Wtsi>
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for KASH5 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * KASH5 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for KASH5
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for KASH5
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for KASH5
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For KASH5
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for KASH5
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for KASH5 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * KASH5 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for KASH5
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for KASH5
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for KASH5
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for KASH5 Gene
Localization for KASH5 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for KASH5 Gene
- Nucleus outer membrane. Single-pass type IV membrane protein. Cytoplasmic side. Nucleus. Chromosome, telomere. Note=Localized exclusively at telomeres from the leptotene to diplotene stages. Colocalizes with SUN2 at sites of telomere attachment in meiocytes. At oocyte MI stage localized around the spindle, at MII stage localized to the spindle poles. {ECO:0000250 UniProtKB:Q80VJ8}.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| nucleus | 4 |
| cytoskeleton | 3 |
| golgi apparatus | 2 |
| plasma membrane | 1 |
| mitochondrion | 1 |
| peroxisome | 1 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 1 |
| cytosol | 1 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000781 | chromosome, telomeric region | ISS | -- |
| GO:0000800 | lateral element | IEA,IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0005623 | cell | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005640 | nuclear outer membrane | IEA,IBA | 21873635 |
No data available for Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for KASH5 Gene
Pathways & Interactions for KASH5 Gene
Interacting Proteins for KASH5 Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
Q8N6L0-KASH5_HUMAN
ENSP00000404220
for KASH5 Gene via
UniProtKB
MINT
STRING
IID
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for KASH5
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000724 | double-strand break repair via homologous recombination | IEA | -- |
| GO:0007015 | actin filament organization | IEA,IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0007129 | synapsis | IEA,IBA | 21873635 |
| GO:0007283 | spermatogenesis | IEA | -- |
| GO:0034397 | telomere localization | IEA,IBA | 21873635 |
No data available for Pathways by source and SIGNOR curated interactions for KASH5 Gene
Transcripts for KASH5 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for KASH5 Gene
- 1 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 6 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 15 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000447857 2343 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000593362 1039 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000593631 658 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000593725 564 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000594043 776 nts (view in UCSC)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for KASH5 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * KASH5 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for KASH5
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for KASH5
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for KASH5
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For KASH5
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for KASH5
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for KASH5 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * KASH5 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for KASH5
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for KASH5
Relevant External Links for KASH5 Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- KASH5
Expression for KASH5 Gene
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for KASH5
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for KASH5 Gene:
Hs.662085Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for KASH5 Gene
- Nervous system(4.5)
- Gall bladder(2.2)
No Expression Related Data Available
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for KASH5
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for KASH5
No data available for mRNA expression in normal human tissues , mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery , mRNA differential expression in normal tissues , Protein differential expression in normal tissues , Protein expression , Protein tissue co-expression partners , mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for KASH5 Gene
Orthologs for KASH5 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | CCDC155 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | CCDC155 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | CCDC155 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Ccdc155 30 |
|
||
| Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Ccdc155 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Kash5 17 |
|
||||
| Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | CCDC155 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | CCDC155 31 |
|
OneToOne |
- Species where no ortholog for KASH5 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chicken (Gallus gallus)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- Corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
- Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica)
- Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa)
- Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
- Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
- Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- Soybean (Glycine max)
- Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Evolution for KASH5 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for KASH5 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for KASH5 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for KASH5: view image
Paralogs for KASH5 Gene
Paralogs for KASH5 Gene
Variants for KASH5 Gene
Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for KASH5 Gene
| SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 19 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs10405154 | - | p.Arg129Gln | |||
| rs8102582 | - | p.Leu116Pro |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| dgv52n68 | CNV | loss | 17160897 |
| esv2718713 | CNV | deletion | 23290073 |
| esv2718714 | CNV | deletion | 23290073 |
| esv3644623 | CNV | loss | 21293372 |
| nsv138000 | CNV | insertion | 16902084 |
| nsv953599 | CNV | deletion | 24416366 |
| nsv9739 | CNV | gain+loss | 18304495 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
73.7% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
2.21;
39.89% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for KASH5 Gene
- SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
- KASH5
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for KASH5 Gene
Disorders for KASH5 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| spermatogenic failure 16 |
|
|
| muscular dystrophy, congenital, lmna-related |
|
|
Search KASH5 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for KASH5
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for KASH5 Gene
Publications for KASH5 Gene
- Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PMID: 14702039) Ota T … Sugano S (Nature genetics 2004) 3 4
- A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. (PMID: 32296183) Luck K … Calderwood MA (Nature 2020) 3
- Quantitative mapping of RNA-mediated nuclear estrogen receptor β interactome in human breast cancer cells. (PMID: 29509190) Giurato G … Tarallo R (Scientific data 2018) 3
- An inter-species protein-protein interaction network across vast evolutionary distance. (PMID: 27107014) Zhong Q … Vidal M (Molecular systems biology 2016) 3
- Pooled-matrix protein interaction screens using Barcode Fusion Genetics. (PMID: 27107012) Yachie N … Roth FP (Molecular systems biology 2016) 3
ExternalLinks
Products for KASH5 Gene
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for KASH5
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for KASH5
- Origene Custom Protein Services for KASH5
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for KASH5
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For KASH5
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for KASH5
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for KASH5
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for KASH5
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Browse OriGene miRNA Products For KASH5
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for KASH5
- Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
- Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
- Browse Sino Biological Antibodies
- Browse Sino Biological Assays
- Browse cDNA Clones
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Browse CRO Services
- High-throughput Antibody Production Service
- Protein Production Service
- Epitope Tag Antibodies & Reporter Protein Antibodies
- Lentiviral ORF Clones
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for KASH5
- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for KASH5
- Browse Antibodies
- Browse Peptides and Proteins
- Browse Lysates
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Abcam proteins for KASH5
- Find your target
- Browse Primary Antibodies
- Browse Conjugated Primary Antibodies
- Browse Secondary Antibodies
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Browse Matched Antibody Pairs
- Browse Proteins and Peptides
- Search Knockout (KO) Validated Antibodies
- Browse Monoclonal Antibodies
- Browse Recombinant Antibodies
- Invitrogen Antibodies for KASH5 (AFLGC-CCDC155)
- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for KASH5 (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for KASH5 (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder CRISPR vectors for KASH5 (ie. knockout, knockin, CRISPRa, CRISPRi)
- VectorBuilder Virus packaging for KASH5 CRISPR vectors (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder Stable cell line generation for KASH5
- antibodies-online: Show 14 available CCDC155 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Search results for available CCDC155 related products ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Search results for available CCDC155 related products ranked by validation data
- Horizon Cell Lines for KASH5
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for KASH5
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for KASH5
- Search GeneCopoeia for miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for KASH5
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for KASH5
Sources for KASH5 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
- (45) GenBank
- (46) HORDE
- (47) HUGE
- (48) IMGT
- (49) Leiden
- (50) miRBase
- (51) DME
- (52) OriGene
- (53) PubMed
- (54) R&D Systems
- (55) TGDB
- (56) Tocris
- (57) Abcam
- (58) Novus Biologicals
- (59) ProSpec
- (60) Sino Biological
- (61) GenScript
- (62) Qiagen
- (63) OCA
- (64) Proteopedia
- (65) MOPED
- (66) neXtProt
- (67) Reactome
- (68) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (69) DISEASES
- (70) SIMAP
- (71) GenomeRNAi
- (72) LifeMap
- (73) miRTarBase
- (74) MalaCards
- (75) Invitrogen
- (76) BitterDB
- (77) ESI-BIO
- (78) RefSeq
- (79) BioSystems
- (80) MaxQB
- (81) IUPHAR
- (82) BioGPS
- (83) Illumina
- (84) COMPARTMENTS
- (85) HOMER
- (86) PaxDb
- (87) ApexBio
- (88) Addgene
- (89) antibodies-online
- (90) CYP
- (91) NONCODE
- (92) TreeFam
- (93) PathCards
- (94) GeneReviews
- (95) GeneTex
- (96) Taconic Biosciences
- (97) GTEx
- (98) ProteomicsDB
- (99) SCBT
- (100) DGIdb
- (101) ClinicalTrials
- (102) RVIS
- (103) SIGNOR
- (104) diseasecard
- (105) NIH Rare Diseases
- (106) Orphanet
- (107) UMLS
- (108) GTR
- (109) Disease Ontology
- (110) Genetics Home Reference
- (111) MeSH
- (112) MedlinePlus
- (113) CDC
- (114) NINDS
- (115) NCBI Bookshelf
- (116) ClinVar
- (117) Gene Damage Index
- (118) HPO
- (119) UDN
- (120) VISTA
- (121) FANTOM5
- (122) ENCODE
- (123) ProSci
- (124) Horizon
- (125) The Signaling Pathways Project (SPP)
- (126) IID
- (127) VectorBuilder
- (128) SNPedia
- (129) BRCA Exchange
- (130) CIViC
- (131) ProteoGenix
- (132) dbSUPER
- (133) TISSUES
- (134) Gene ORGANizer
- (135) abm
- (136) Human Protein Atlas
- (137) GWAS Catalog
- (138) Monarch Initiative
- (139) DataMed
- (140) HumanCyc
- (141) UCNEbase
- (142) EPDnew
- (143) Applied Biosystems
- (144) GlyConnect
- (145) Aminode
- (146) GeneCopoeia
- (147) GPS-Prot
- (148) RNACentral
- (149) LncRNADisease
- (150) LOVD
- (151) miR2Disease
- (152) DiseaseEnhancer
- (153) Boster Bio
- (154) Biorbyt
- (155) Biocompare
- (156) Mastermind
- (157) CTD^2 Dashboard
- (158) CraniofacialAtlas
- (159) GeneImprint
- (160) Synthego
- (161) ENA
- (162) GtRNAdb
- (163) LncBase
- (164) LncBook
- (165) LNCipedia
- (166) Modomics
- (167) PDBe
- (168) Rfam
- (169) SILVA
- (170) snOPY
- (171) SRPDB
- (172) GENCODE
- (173) TarBase
- (174) Signalway Antibody
- (175) Open Targets Platform
- (176) 5SRRNADB
- (177) snoDB
- (178) MirGeneDB