IL1A Gene (Protein Coding)

Interleukin 1 Alpha

GC02M112773
GIFtS:
45
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various immune responses, inflammatory processes, and hematopoiesis. This cytokine is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. ... See more...

Aliases for IL1A Gene

Aliases for IL1A Gene

  • Interleukin 1 Alpha 2 3 5
  • Hematopoietin-1 2 3 4
  • Pro-Interleukin-1-Alpha 2 3
  • Preinterleukin 1 Alpha 2 3
  • Interleukin-1 Alpha 3 4
  • IL-1 Alpha 3 4
  • IL1F1 3 4
  • IL1-ALPHA 3
  • IL-1A 3
  • IL1 3

External Ids for IL1A Gene

Previous HGNC Symbols for IL1A Gene

  • IL1

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for IL1A Gene

  • GC02M110737
  • GC02M111452
  • GC02M113438
  • GC02M113626
  • GC02M113247
  • GC02M105986
  • GC02M113531

Summaries for IL1A Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for IL1A Gene

  • The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various immune responses, inflammatory processes, and hematopoiesis. This cytokine is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. This gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2. It has been suggested that the polymorphism of these genes is associated with rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer's disease. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GeneCards Summary for IL1A Gene

IL1A (Interleukin 1 Alpha) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with IL1A include Cholesteatoma Of Middle Ear and Irritant Dermatitis. Among its related pathways are Cellular Senescence (REACTOME) and IL-1 Family Signaling Pathways. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include cytokine activity and interleukin-1 receptor binding.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for IL1A Gene

  • Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells.

Tocris Summary for IL1A Gene

  • Cytokines are proteinaceous signaling compounds that are major mediators of the immune response. They control many different cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation and cell survival/apoptosis but are also involved in several pathophysiological processes.

Gene Wiki entry for IL1A Gene

Additional gene information for IL1A Gene

No data available for CIViC Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for IL1A Gene

Genomics for IL1A Gene

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for IL1A Gene

Promoters and enhancers for IL1A Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around IL1A on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the IL1A gene promoter:
  • AP-1
  • ATF-2
  • c-Fos
  • c-Jun

Genomic Locations for IL1A Gene

Genomic Locations for IL1A Gene
chr2:112,773,915-112,785,394
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
11,480 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand
chr2:113,531,492-113,542,971
(GRCh37/hg19)
Size:
11,480 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

Genomic View for IL1A Gene

Genes around IL1A on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
IL1A Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for IL1A Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for IL1A Gene

Proteins for IL1A Gene

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  • Protein details for IL1A Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    P01583-IL1A_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Interleukin-1 alpha
    Protein Accession:
    P01583
    Secondary Accessions:
    • Q53QF9
    • Q7RU02

    Protein attributes for IL1A Gene

    Size:
    271 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    30607 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • Monomer.

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for IL1A Gene

neXtProt entry for IL1A Gene

Protein Expression for IL1A Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Post-translational modifications for IL1A Gene

  • Glycosylation at Asn102 and Asn141
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

Other Protein References for IL1A Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Antibody Products

  • Boster Bio Antibodies for IL1A

Protein Products

Assay Products

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for IL1A Gene

Domains & Families for IL1A Gene

Gene Families for IL1A Gene

HGNC:
Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Cancer-related genes
  • Plasma proteins
  • Predicted intracellular proteins
  • Transporters

Protein Domains for IL1A Gene

Blocks:
InterPro:
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for IL1A Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
  • Hematopoietin-1 (IL1A_HUMAN)
  • cDNA, FLJ95747, Homo sapiens interleukin 1, alpha (IL1A), mRNA (Q53QF9_HUMAN)

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

P01583

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

IL1A_HUMAN :
  • The similarity among the IL-1 precursors suggests that the amino ends of these proteins serve some as yet undefined function.
  • Belongs to the IL-1 family.
Domain:
  • The similarity among the IL-1 precursors suggests that the amino ends of these proteins serve some as yet undefined function.
Family:
  • Belongs to the IL-1 family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with IL1A: view

Function for IL1A Gene

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Molecular function for IL1A Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells.
GENATLAS Biochemistry:
interleukin 1,alpha polypeptide,mainly expressed by macrophage,involved in the inflammatory response

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for IL1A Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for IL1A Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005125 cytokine activity IMP 2989698
GO:0005149 interleukin-1 receptor binding IEA --
GO:0005507 copper ion binding IDA 12746488
GO:0005515 protein binding IPI 12746488
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with IL1A: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with IL1A: view

Animal Models for IL1A Gene

MGI Knock Outs for IL1A:

Animal Model Products

CRISPR Products

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No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for IL1A Gene

Localization for IL1A Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for IL1A Gene

Secreted. Note=The lack of a specific hydrophobic segment in the precursor sequence suggests that IL-1 is released by damaged cells or is secreted by a mechanism differing from that used for other secretory proteins.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for IL1A gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 5
cytosol 5
nucleus 3
plasma membrane 2
cytoskeleton 2
mitochondrion 1
lysosome 1

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for IL1A Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005576 extracellular region TAS --
GO:0005615 extracellular space IMP,TAS 3493774
GO:0005829 cytosol IDA 12746488
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with IL1A: view

No data available for Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for IL1A Gene

Pathways & Interactions for IL1A Gene

PathCards logo

SuperPathways for IL1A Gene

SuperPathway Contained pathways
1 PEDF Induced Signaling
MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation
.94
MIF Regulation of Innate Immune Cells
.94
PEDF Induced Signaling
.73
all-trans-Retinoic Acid Signaling in Brain
.71
RAR-Gamma-RXR-Alpha Degradation
.62
IL-6 Pathway
.61
NFAT Signaling and Lymphocyte Interactions
.57
PGC1Alpha Pathway
.51
STAT3 Pathway
.47
Endothelin-1 Signaling Pathway
.46
Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling
.43
Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
.43
2 TGF-Beta Pathway
MAPK Family Pathway
.60
TGF-Beta Pathway
.60
JAK-STAT Pathway
.57
Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K
.43
SOCS Pathway
.40
3 ERK Signaling
ERK Signaling
.61
Rho Family GTPases
.61
MAPK Signaling
.58
Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
.51
4 IL-1 signaling pathway
IL-1 signaling pathway
.51
Structural Pathway of Interleukin 1 (IL-1)
.51
Interleukin-1 signaling
.41
IL1-mediated signaling events
.40
5 Allograft rejection
Type I diabetes mellitus
.65
Graft-versus-host disease
.62
Allograft Rejection
.46
genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with IL1A: view

SIGNOR curated interactions for IL1A Gene

Activates:
Inactivates:

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for IL1A Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0001660 fever generation IEA --
GO:0002248 connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing IEA --
GO:0006915 apoptotic process TAS 1924307
GO:0006954 inflammatory response IEA --
GO:0006955 immune response IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with IL1A: view

Drugs & Compounds for IL1A Gene

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  1. Drug

(92) Drugs for IL1A Gene - From: DrugBank, PharmGKB, DGIdb, Tocris, and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Rilonacept Approved, Investigational Pharma Target, binder 25
Olanzapine Approved, Investigational Pharma Antagonist, Full agonist, Agonist, Inverse agonist 434
Pirfenidone Approved, Investigational Pharma TGF-β production inhibitor, Antifibrotic agent; regulates cytokine levels in vivo 78
Thalidomide Approved, Investigational, Withdrawn Pharma Immunomodulatory agent,sedative drug,angiogenesis inhibitor, TNF-alpha synthesis inhibitor, Immunomodulatory agents 631
AMG-108 Pharma 0

(56) Additional Compounds for IL1A Gene - From: Novoseek and Tocris

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
AS 101
106566-58-9
GIT 27
6501-72-0

(4) Tocris Compounds for IL1A Gene

Compound Action Cas Number
AS 101 Immunomodulator; inhibits IL-10 synthesis and potentiates IL-1alpha, IL-2 and TNF-alpha release 106566-58-9
GIT 27 Immunomodulator; reduces production of pro-inflammatory cytokines 6501-72-0
Pirfenidone Antifibrotic agent; regulates cytokine levels in vivo 53179-13-8
Thalidomide TNF-alpha synthesis inhibitor 50-35-1
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with IL1A: view

Transcripts for IL1A Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
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mRNA/cDNA for IL1A Gene

(2) REFSEQ mRNAs :
(11) Additional mRNA sequences :
(56) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
(1) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :

CRISPR Products

Clone Products

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for IL1A Gene

No ASD Table

Relevant External Links for IL1A Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
IL1A
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for
IL1A

Expression for IL1A Gene

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mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and CGAP SAGE for IL1A Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for IL1A Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for IL1A GenemRNA expression by GTEx for IL1A Gene

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for IL1A Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Esophagus - Mucosa (x20.4), Testis (x7.4), and Minor Salivary Gland (x4.1).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for IL1A Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Serum (67.4).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for IL1A Gene



Protein tissue co-expression partners for IL1A Gene

NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of IL1A Gene:

IL1A

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for IL1A Gene:

Hs.1722

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for IL1A Gene

  • Lung(4.6)
  • Skin(3.3)
  • Blood(3.2)
  • Spleen(2.7)
  • Bone marrow(2.6)
  • Heart(2.6)
  • Nervous system(2.6)
  • Kidney(2.4)
  • Liver(2.3)
  • Bone(2.2)
  • Lymph node(2.2)
  • Intestine(2.1)
  • Muscle(2.1)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with IL1A: view

No data available for mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for IL1A Gene

Orthologs for IL1A Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of mammals.

Orthologs for IL1A Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia IL1A 33 32
  • 99.88 (n)
 OneToOne
cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia IL1A 33 32
  • 82.21 (n)
 OneToOne
dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia IL1A 33 32
  • 82.13 (n)
 OneToOne
mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Il1a 17 33 32
  • 74.59 (n)
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Il1a 32
  • 74.59 (n)
oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia IL1A 33
  • 34 (a)
 OneToOne
Species where no ortholog for IL1A was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • chicken (Gallus gallus)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
  • green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • honey bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
  • loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
  • malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • pig (Sus scrofa)
  • platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
  • rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • rice (Oryza sativa)
  • rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • soybean (Glycine max)
  • stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
  • wheat (Triticum aestivum)
  • worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
  • zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Evolution for IL1A Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for IL1A (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for IL1A (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for IL1A: view image

Paralogs for IL1A Gene

No data available for Paralogs for IL1A Gene

Variants for IL1A Gene

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Sequence variations from dbSNP and Humsavar for IL1A Gene

SNP ID Clin Chr 02 pos Variation AA Info Type
rs1000011727 -- 112,779,933(-) A/G intron_variant
rs1000330985 -- 112,780,043(-) A/G intron_variant
rs1000914205 -- 112,785,256(-) T/C 5_prime_UTR_variant
rs1001569377 -- 112,783,091(-) C/T intron_variant
rs1001825596 -- 112,781,671(-) T/C coding_sequence_variant, synonymous_variant

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for IL1A Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
esv2518569 CNV deletion 19546169
esv2720538 CNV deletion 23290073
esv2720540 CNV deletion 23290073
esv2720541 CNV deletion 23290073
esv2720542 CNV deletion 23290073
esv2720543 CNV deletion 23290073
esv2720544 CNV deletion 23290073
nsv1072437 CNV deletion 25765185
nsv1144910 CNV deletion 24896259

Variation tolerance for IL1A Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 90.2% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 5.91; 74.34% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for IL1A Gene

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
IL1A
SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
IL1A

SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for IL1A Gene

Disorders for IL1A Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(76) MalaCards diseases for IL1A Gene - From: HGMD, DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards

Disorder Aliases PubMed IDs
cholesteatoma of middle ear
  • cholesteatoma
irritant dermatitis
  • irritant contact dermatitis
arthritis
  • inflammatory disorder of joint
chronic follicular conjunctivitis
tonsillitis
  • chronic tonsillitis
- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards
Search IL1A in MalaCards View complete list of genes associated with diseases

Additional Disease Information for IL1A

Genetic Association Database
(GAD)
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with IL1A: view

No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for IL1A Gene

Publications for IL1A Gene

  1. Cytokine gene polymorphisms and BALF cytokine levels in interstitial lung diseases. (PMID: 19117745) Vasakova M … Striz I (Respiratory medicine 2009) 3 23 43 56
  2. Evaluation of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms of different genes coding for the immunoregulatory molecules in patients with monoclonal large granular lymphocyte lymphocytosis. (PMID: 18361934) Garrido P … Ruiz-Cabello F (Human immunology 2008) 3 23 43 56
  3. Cytokine Genes TNF, IL1A, IL1B, IL6, IL1RN and IL10, and childhood-onset mood disorders. (PMID: 18832862) Misener VL … International Consortium for Childhood-Onset Mood Disorders (Neuropsychobiology 2008) 3 23 43 56
  4. Frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes regulating inflammatory responses in a community-based population. (PMID: 17355643) Huang HY … Helzlsouer KJ (BMC genetics 2007) 3 23 43 56
  5. Association between human African trypanosomiasis and the IL6 gene in a Congolese population. (PMID: 16720107) Courtin D … Garcia A (Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases 2007) 3 23 43 56

ExternalLinks

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