Aliases for HRNR Gene
Aliases for HRNR Gene
External Ids for HRNR Gene
- HGNC: 20846
- Entrez Gene: 388697
- Ensembl: ENSG00000197915
- OMIM: 616293
- UniProtKB: Q86YZ3
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for HRNR Gene
- GC01M148998
- GC01M150451
- GC01M123561
Summaries for HRNR Gene
GeneCards Summary for HRNR Gene
HRNR (Hornerin) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Innate Immune System. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include calcium ion binding. An important paralog of this gene is FLG2.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for HRNR Gene
-
Component of the epidermal cornified cell envelopes.
No data available for Entrez Gene Summary , CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for HRNR Gene
Genomics for HRNR Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for HRNR Gene
Promoters and enhancers for HRNR Gene
| GeneHancer (GH) Identifier | GH Type | GH Score |
GH Sources | Gene Association Score | Total Score | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites |
Gene Targets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GH01I152224 | Promoter | 0.5 | EPDnew | 550.8 | 0.0 | -17 | 0.1 | HRNR FLG-AS1 PIR46233 | ||
| GH01I152225 | Enhancer | 0.2 | ENCODE | 571.3 | -1.7 | -1673 | 1.3 | HRNR FLG-AS1 PIR46233 | ||
| GH01I151940 | Enhancer | 1.8 | FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER | 27.3 | +280.1 | 280098 | 7.6 | PKNOX1 CLOCK FOXA2 NEUROD1 SIN3A FEZF1 ZNF2 ZBTB7B ZNF416 FOS | POGZ GABPB2 PI4KB MRPL9 PIP5K1A LYSMD1 ENSG00000229021 HRNR THEM4 ZNF687 | |
| GH01I152107 | Enhancer | 1.2 | Ensembl ENCODE | 25 | +114.0 | 113984 | 5 | HDGF NEUROD1 SIN3A FEZF1 ZNF2 ZBTB7B ZNF121 E2F8 ZNF207 ZNF548 | POGZ PI4KB PIP5K1A MRPL9 HRNR LYSMD1 ZNF687 ENSG00000229021 RN7SL444P TCHH | |
| GH01I151610 | Promoter/Enhancer | 2.3 | EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER | 10.6 | +612.1 | 612097 | 3.5 | HDGF PKNOX1 SMAD1 FOXA2 ARID4B NEUROD1 SIN3A DMAP1 ZNF2 YY1 | ENSG00000250734 SNX27 SETDB1 PIP5K1A ZNF687 CTSK PI4KB C1orf56 UBE2D3P3 GOLPH3L |
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data dump
GeneHancers around HRNR on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the HRNR gene promoter:
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Locations for HRNR Gene
Genomic Locations for HRNR Gene
- chr1:152,212,076-152,224,196
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 12,121 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr1:152,184,558-152,196,669
- (GRCh37/hg19)
Genomic View for HRNR Gene
Genes around HRNR on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 1q21.3 by Ensembl
- 1q21.3 by Entrez Gene
- 1q21.3 by HGNC
HRNR Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for HRNR Gene
Proteins for HRNR Gene
-
Protein details for HRNR Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q86YZ3-HORN_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Hornerin
- Protein Accession:
- Q86YZ3
- Q5DT20
- Q5U1F4
Protein attributes for HRNR Gene
- Size:
- 2850 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 282390 Da
- Quaternary structure:
- No Data Available
Protein Expression for HRNR Gene
Post-translational modifications for HRNR Gene
- Forms covalent cross-links mediated by transglutaminase TGM3, between glutamine and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues (in vitro).
- Processed during the process of epidermal differentiation.
Other Protein References for HRNR Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for HRNR
-
Abcam antibodies for HRNR
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for HRNR
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Protein Products
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-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for HRNR
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Assay Products
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Assay Kits for HRNR
- antibodies-online: Search results for 11 available HRNR Elisa Kits ranked by validation data
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-
Quality Products:
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for HRNR Gene
Domains & Families for HRNR Gene
Gene Families for HRNR Gene
- HGNC:
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Plasma proteins
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein Domains for HRNR Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for HRNR Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q86YZ3- Family:
-
- Belongs to the S100-fused protein family.
- In the N-terminal section; belongs to the S-100 family.
Function for HRNR Gene
Molecular function for HRNR Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Component of the epidermal cornified cell envelopes.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
- By UV-B irradiation.
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for HRNR Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005509 | calcium ion binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0046872 | metal ion binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0046914 | transition metal ion binding | IEA | -- |
Phenotypes for HRNR Gene
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for HRNR:
Animal Model Products
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-
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for HRNR gene
-
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CRISPR Products
-
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-
Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
-
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- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for HRNR
miRNA for HRNR Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target HRNR
-
- hsa-mir-8069 (MIRT445972)
- hsa-mir-8083 (MIRT445973)
- hsa-mir-1273e (MIRT456272)
- hsa-mir-25-5p (MIRT456273)
- hsa-mir-4722-5p (MIRT456274)
- hsa-mir-6087 (MIRT456275)
- hsa-mir-1827 (MIRT456276)
- hsa-mir-219b-3p (MIRT456277)
- hsa-mir-4649-3p (MIRT456278)
- hsa-mir-1247-3p (MIRT456279)
- hsa-mir-4768-3p (MIRT456280)
- hsa-mir-940 (MIRT456281)
- hsa-mir-6893-5p (MIRT456282)
- hsa-mir-6808-5p (MIRT456283)
- hsa-mir-941 (MIRT456284)
- hsa-mir-302f (MIRT456285)
- hsa-mir-6787-5p (MIRT717508)
- hsa-mir-663a (MIRT717509)
- hsa-mir-1908-5p (MIRT717510)
- hsa-mir-744-5p (MIRT717511)
- hsa-mir-4711-5p (MIRT717512)
- hsa-mir-6775-5p (MIRT717513)
- hsa-mir-5090 (MIRT717514)
- hsa-mir-1825 (MIRT717515)
- hsa-mir-6837-5p (MIRT717516)
- hsa-mir-4685-5p (MIRT717517)
- hsa-mir-4650-5p (MIRT717518)
- hsa-mir-1972 (MIRT717519)
- hsa-mir-4733-3p (MIRT717520)
- hsa-mir-3141 (MIRT717521)
- hsa-mir-6753-5p (MIRT717522)
- hsa-mir-6792-3p (MIRT722423)
- hsa-mir-4691-5p (MIRT722424)
- hsa-mir-6720-5p (MIRT722425)
- hsa-mir-6512-3p (MIRT722426)
- hsa-mir-4742-3p (MIRT722427)
- hsa-mir-766-3p (MIRT722428)
- hsa-mir-660-3p (MIRT722429)
- hsa-mir-5193 (MIRT722430)
- hsa-mir-6849-3p (MIRT722431)
- hsa-mir-499b-5p (MIRT722432)
- hsa-mir-4494 (MIRT722433)
- hsa-mir-6877-3p (MIRT722434)
- hsa-mir-6819-3p (MIRT722435)
- hsa-mir-483-3p (MIRT722436)
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for HRNR
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene RNAi, sirna, and shrna products in human, mouse, rat for HRNR
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ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for HRNR gene
Clone Products
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for HRNR
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-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for HRNR
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for HRNR
-
ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for HRNR gene
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ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for HRNR gene
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ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for HRNR gene
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for HRNR Gene
Localization for HRNR Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for HRNR Gene
- Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Found in keratohyalin granules in the granular cells of the epidermis.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| plasma membrane | 5 |
| extracellular | 5 |
| nucleus | 5 |
| lysosome | 4 |
| cytosol | 3 |
| mitochondrion | 2 |
| golgi apparatus | 1 |
- Mitochondria (2)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001533 | cornified envelope | IDA | 21282207 |
| GO:0005576 | extracellular region | TAS | -- |
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | IDA,HDA | 21630459 |
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IDA | 21282207 |
| GO:0035578 | azurophil granule lumen | TAS | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for HRNR Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Innate Immune System |
.61
|
|
Pathways by source for HRNR Gene
3 Reactome pathways for HRNR Gene
Interacting Proteins for HRNR Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0007275 | multicellular organism development | IEA | -- |
| GO:0031424 | keratinization | IEA | -- |
| GO:0043163 | cell envelope organization | IDA | 21282207 |
| GO:0043312 | neutrophil degranulation | TAS | -- |
| GO:0061436 | establishment of skin barrier | IEP | 23403047 |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for HRNR Gene
Drugs & Compounds for HRNR Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zinc | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Target | 2430 |
Transcripts for HRNR Gene
mRNA/cDNA for HRNR Gene
- (1) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (3) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (1) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (1) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for HRNR Gene
- Hornerin:
- Representative Sequences:
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for HRNR
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials CRISPR for HRNR
-
Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for HRNR
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for HRNR
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for HRNR
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene RNAi, sirna, and shrna products in human, mouse, rat for HRNR
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For HRNR
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for HRNR gene
Clone Products
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for HRNR
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for HRNR
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
- orf clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for HRNR
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
Expression for HRNR Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Urinary Bladder (33.6) and Heart (8.0).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for HRNR Gene
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of HRNR Gene:
HRNRSOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for HRNR Gene:
Hs.490162mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for HRNR Gene:
Q86YZ3-HORN_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Expressed in cornified epidermis, psoriatic and regenerating skin after wounding. Found in the upper granular layer and in the entire cornified layer of epidermis.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for HRNR Gene
- Skin(4.4)
- Liver(4.2)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for HRNR
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery , mRNA differential expression in normal tissues , Protein tissue co-expression partners and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for HRNR Gene
Orthologs for HRNR Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | HRNR 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | -- 34 |
|
OneToMany | |
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | -- 34 |
|
OneToMany | |
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Hrnr 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | CRNN 34 |
|
OneToMany | |
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | -- 34 |
|
OneToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for HRNR was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- cow (Bos Taurus)
- dog (Canis familiaris)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rat (Rattus norvegicus)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
- sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Paralogs for HRNR Gene
(15) SIMAP similar genes for HRNR Gene using alignment to 2 proteins:
Variants for HRNR Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 01 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs1000278058 | -- | 152,212,429(-) | C/A | 3_prime_UTR_variant | |
| rs1001911398 | -- | 152,225,031(-) | C/A/G | upstream_transcript_variant | |
| rs1001961756 | -- | 152,226,123(-) | C/G | upstream_transcript_variant | |
| rs1001963642 | -- | 152,212,875(-) | C/T | 3_prime_UTR_variant | |
| rs1002067854 | -- | 152,225,875(-) | A/G | upstream_transcript_variant |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| nsv8391 | CNV | gain+loss | 18304495 |
| nsv57 | CNV | insertion | 15895083 |
| nsv547853 | CNV | gain | 21841781 |
| nsv514913 | CNV | gain | 21397061 |
| nsv509468 | CNV | insertion | 20534489 |
| nsv471347 | CNV | gain | 19718026 |
| nsv2877 | CNV | insertion | 18451855 |
| nsv1152232 | CNV | duplication | 26484159 |
| nsv1115369 | CNV | duplication | 24896259 |
| nsv1075801 | CNV | duplication | 25765185 |
| nsv1014095 | CNV | gain | 25217958 |
| nsv1007097 | CNV | gain | 25217958 |
| esv3397333 | CNV | duplication | 20981092 |
| esv29399 | CNV | gain+loss | 19812545 |
| esv2718106 | CNV | deletion | 23290073 |
| esv2665574 | CNV | deletion | 23128226 |
| esv2159882 | CNV | deletion | 18987734 |
| esv1763423 | CNV | deletion | 17803354 |
| dgv75n67 | CNV | gain | 20364138 |
| dgv74n67 | CNV | gain | 20364138 |
| dgv214e59 | CNV | duplication | 20981092 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
100% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
13.50;
95.54% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for HRNR Gene
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for HRNR Gene
Disorders for HRNR Gene
Additional Disease Information for HRNR
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
No disorders were found for HRNR Gene.
No data available for MalaCards , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for HRNR Gene
Publications for HRNR Gene
- Identification of human hornerin and its expression in regenerating and psoriatic skin. (PMID: 15507446) Takaishi M … Huh NH (The Journal of biological chemistry 2005) 3 4 22 58
- Ultraviolet B irradiation induces the expression of hornerin in xenotransplanted human skin. (PMID: 23751202) Makino T … Shimizu T (Acta histochemica 2014) 3 4 58
- Hornerin is a component of the epidermal cornified cell envelopes. (PMID: 21282207) Henry J … Simon M (FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 2011) 3 4 58
- Variation in genes of the epidermal differentiation complex in German atopic dermatitis patients. (PMID: 19601998) Stemmler S … Hoffjan S (International journal of immunogenetics 2009) 3 44 58
- Highly complex peptide aggregates of the S100 fused-type protein hornerin are present in human skin. (PMID: 19020553) Wu Z … Schröder JM (The Journal of investigative dermatology 2009) 3 22 58
Products for HRNR Gene
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- Invitrogen Antibodies for HRNR
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- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for HRNR
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- VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- antibodies-online: Search results for 41 available HRNR Antibodies ranked by validation data
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- ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for HRNR gene
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- orf clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
- genomics-online: primer clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for available HRNR gene related products
Sources for HRNR Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) ASD
- (29) ECgene
- (30) GeneAnnot
- (31) CGAP SAGE
- (32) SOURCE
- (33) HomoloGene
- (34) PanEnsembl
- (35) euGenes
- (36) SGD
- (37) FlyBase
- (38) WormBase
- (39) Pseudogene
- (40) DGV
- (41) dbSNP
- (42) GenAtlas
- (43) HGMD
- (44) GAD
- (45) BGMUT
- (46) HuGE
- (47) Atlas
- (48) Cell Signaling Technology
- (49) GenBank
- (50) H-invDB
- (51) HORDE
- (52) HUGE
- (53) IMGT
- (54) Leiden
- (55) miRBase
- (56) DME
- (57) OriGene
- (58) PubMed
- (59) R&D Systems
- (60) TGDB
- (61) Tocris
- (62) Abcam
- (63) Novus Biologicals
- (64) ProSpec
- (65) Sino Biological
- (66) GenScript
- (67) Qiagen
- (68) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (69) OCA
- (70) Proteopedia
- (71) MOPED
- (72) neXtProt
- (73) Reactome
- (74) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (75) fRNAdb
- (76) DISEASES
- (77) SIMAP
- (78) GenomeRNAi
- (79) LifeMap
- (80) miRTarBase
- (81) MalaCards
- (82) Invitrogen
- (83) BitterDB
- (84) Vector BioLabs
- (85) ESI-BIO
- (86) RefSeq
- (87) BioSystems
- (88) MaxQB
- (89) IUPHAR
- (90) BioGPS
- (91) Illumina
- (92) COMPARTMENTS
- (93) HOMER
- (94) PaxDb
- (95) ApexBio
- (96) Addgene
- (97) antibodies-online
- (98) CYP
- (99) NONCODE
- (100) SwitchGear Genomics
- (101) TreeFam
- (102) PathCards
- (103) GeneReviews
- (104) GeneTex
- (105) Taconic Biosciences
- (106) GTEx
- (107) ProteomicsDB
- (108) SCBT
- (109) DGIdb
- (110) ClinicalTrials
- (111) FDA Approved Drugs
- (112) RVIS
- (113) SIGNOR
- (114) diseasecard
- (115) NIH Rare Diseases
- (116) Orphanet
- (117) UMLS
- (118) GTR
- (119) Disease Ontology
- (120) Genetics Home Reference
- (121) MeSH
- (122) MedlinePlus
- (123) CDC
- (124) NINDS
- (125) NCBI Bookshelf
- (126) ClinVar
- (127) Gene Damage Index
- (128) ViGene Biosciences
- (129) HPO
- (130) UDN
- (131) VISTA
- (132) FANTOM5
- (133) ENCODE
- (134) ProSci
- (135) Horizon
- (136) NURSA
- (137) IID
- (138) Cyagen
- (139) VectorBuilder
- (140) SNPedia
- (141) BRCA Exchange
- (142) St John's Lab
- (143) CIViC
- (144) ProteoGenix
- (145) dbSUPER
- (146) TISSUES
- (147) Gene ORGANizer
- (148) abm
- (149) CrownBio
- (150) Human Protein Atlas
- (151) GWAS Catalog
- (152) Monarch Initiative
- (153) DataMed
- (154) HumanCyc
- (155) genomics-online
- (156) UCNEbase
- (157) EPDnew