HK3 Gene (Protein Coding)

Hexokinase 3

GC05M176882
GIFtS:
44
Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes hexokinase 3. Similar to hexokinases 1 and 2, this allosteric enzyme is inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009] See more...

Aliases for HK3 Gene

Aliases for HK3 Gene

  • Hexokinase 3 2 3 5
  • Hexokinase 3 (White Cell) 2 3
  • Hexokinase Type III 3 4
  • Hexokinase-3 3 4
  • Hexokinase-C 3 4
  • EC 2.7.1.1 4 51
  • HK III 3 4
  • ATP:D-Hexose 6-Phosphotransferase 3
  • EC 2.7.1 51
  • HKIII 3
  • HXK3 3
  • HK3 5

External Ids for HK3 Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for HK3 Gene

  • GC05M176681
  • GC05M177150
  • GC05M176243
  • GC05M176288
  • GC05M176240
  • GC05M171230

Summaries for HK3 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for HK3 Gene

  • Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes hexokinase 3. Similar to hexokinases 1 and 2, this allosteric enzyme is inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

GeneCards Summary for HK3 Gene

HK3 (Hexokinase 3) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Glucose metabolism and Galactose metabolism. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include enzyme binding and phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor. An important paralog of this gene is HK2.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for HK3 Gene

  • Catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexose, such as D-glucose and D-fructose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate, respectively) (PubMed:8717435). Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate (PubMed:8717435).

Gene Wiki entry for HK3 Gene

Additional gene information for HK3 Gene

No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for HK3 Gene

Genomics for HK3 Gene

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs

Download GeneHancer 2017 data
Promoters and enhancers for HK3 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around HK3 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path

Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for HK3

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the HK3 gene promoter:
  • GR
  • GR-alpha
  • MIF-1
  • MRF-2
  • Pbx1a
  • POU2F1
  • POU2F1a
  • POU2F1b
  • POU2F1c
  • PPAR-gamma2

Genomic Locations for HK3 Gene

Genomic Locations for HK3 Gene
chr5:176,880,869-176,899,373
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
18,505 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand
chr5:176,307,870-176,326,333
(GRCh37/hg19)
Size:
18,464 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

Genomic View for HK3 Gene

Genes around HK3 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
HK3 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for HK3 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for HK3 Gene

Proteins for HK3 Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for HK3 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    P52790-HXK3_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Hexokinase-3
    Protein Accession:
    P52790
    Secondary Accessions:
    • Q8N1E7

    Protein attributes for HK3 Gene

    Size:
    923 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    99025 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    No Data Available

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for HK3 Gene

neXtProt entry for HK3 Gene

Protein Expression for HK3 Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Selected DME Specific Peptides for HK3 Gene

P52790:
  • EWGAFGD
  • GFTFSFP
  • RAAQLCGAG
  • GFTFSFPC
  • DGSGKGAA
  • NACYMEE
  • LDLGGTNFRV
  • AMVTAVA
  • VNDTVGTMM
  • VGVDGTLYKLHP
  • GQDVVQL
  • GLIVGTG
  • LPLGFTFS
  • MCINMEWGAFGD
  • ALDLGGTN
  • SGMYLGEI

Post-translational modifications for HK3 Gene

  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
  • Modification sites at neXtProt

Other Protein References for HK3 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Protein Products

Domains & Families for HK3 Gene

Gene Families for HK3 Gene

Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Enzymes
  • Plasma proteins
  • Predicted intracellular proteins

Protein Domains for HK3 Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
  • Hexokinase
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for HK3 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
  • Hexokinase type III (HXK3_HUMAN)
  • Hexokinase III (Q16779_HUMAN)

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

P52790

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

HXK3_HUMAN :
  • The N- and C-terminal halves of this hexokinase contain a hexokinase domain. The catalytic activity is associated with the C-terminus while regulatory function is associated with the N-terminus.
  • Belongs to the hexokinase family.
Domain:
  • The N- and C-terminal halves of this hexokinase contain a hexokinase domain. The catalytic activity is associated with the C-terminus while regulatory function is associated with the N-terminus.
Family:
  • Belongs to the hexokinase family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with HK3: view

Function for HK3 Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line

Molecular function for HK3 Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of hexose, such as D-glucose and D-fructose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate, respectively) (PubMed:8717435). Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate (PubMed:8717435).
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=ATP + D-hexose = ADP + D-hexose 6-phosphate + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:22740, ChEBI:CHEBI:4194, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:61567, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.1.1; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:8717435};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=ATP + D-fructose = ADP + D-fructose 6-phosphate + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:16125, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:37721, ChEBI:CHEBI:61527, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.1.1; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27926};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Reaction=ATP + D-glucose = ADP + D-glucose 6-phosphate + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:17825, ChEBI:CHEBI:4167, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:61548, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.1.1; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:8717435};.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
Hexokinase is an allosteric enzyme inhibited by its product D-glucose 6-phosphate.
GENATLAS Biochemistry:
hexokinase 3,108kDa,expressed in liver,lung,spleen,glycolysis,gluconeogenesis,energy pathways

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for HK3 Gene

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for HK3 Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for HK3 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0000166 nucleotide binding IEA --
GO:0003824 catalytic activity IEA --
GO:0004340 glucokinase activity IBA,ISS --
GO:0004396 hexokinase activity IEA,IDA 8717435
GO:0005524 ATP binding IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with HK3: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with HK3: view

Animal Model Products

  • Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for HK3

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for HK3

No data available for Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for HK3 Gene

Localization for HK3 Gene

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for HK3 gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 4
cytosol 4
mitochondrion 2
nucleus 2
plasma membrane 1
cytoskeleton 1
peroxisome 1

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for HK3 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005576 extracellular region TAS --
GO:0005623 cell IEA --
GO:0005739 mitochondrion IBA 21873635
GO:0005829 cytosol TAS --
GO:0034774 secretory granule lumen TAS --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with HK3: view

No data available for Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for HK3 Gene

Pathways & Interactions for HK3 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with HK3: view

Pathways by source for HK3 Gene

3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathways for HK3 Gene
  • Galactose metabolism
  • Glycogen metabolism
  • Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis (short map)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P52790-HXK3_HUMAN

  • Pathway: Carbohydrate metabolism; hexose metabolism.
  • Pathway: Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and glycerone phosphate from D-glucose: step 1/4.

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for HK3 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0001678 cellular glucose homeostasis IEA,IBA 21873635
GO:0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process IEA --
GO:0006002 fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process ISS --
GO:0006096 glycolytic process IEA,IBA 21873635
GO:0008152 metabolic process IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with HK3: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for HK3 Gene

Drugs & Compounds for HK3 Gene

Products:

  1. Drug

(14) Drugs for HK3 Gene - From: ApexBio and HMDB

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
D-glucose Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved Pharma 0
Galactose Approved, Investigational Pharma 0
Glucosamine Approved, Investigational Pharma 88
Sorbitol Approved Pharma 66
Beta-D-Glucose Experimental Pharma 0

(8) Additional Compounds for HK3 Gene - From: HMDB and Novoseek

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
ADP
  • 5'-Adenylphosphoric acid
  • Adenosine 5'-diphosphate
  • ADENOSINE-5'-diphosphATE
  • H3ADP
  • 5'-Adenylphosphate
 Agonist, Full agonist, Partial agonist, Gating inhibitor, Antagonist 58-64-0
Alpha-D-Glucose
  • alpha-D-GLC
  • alpha-Dextrose
  • a-D-GLC
  • α-D-GLC
  • a-D-Glucose
 492-62-6
Beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate
  • 6-O-phosphono-beta-D-Fructofuranose
  • FRUCTOSE-6-phosphATE
  • 6-O-phosphono-b-D-Fructofuranose
  • 6-O-phosphono-β-D-fructofuranose
  • b-D-Fructose 6-phosphate
dADP
  • 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-diphosphate
  • Deoxyadenosine diphosphate
 2793-06-8
IDP
  • 5'-IDP
  • Inosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate)
  • Inosine 5'-(trihydrogen pyrophosphate)
  • Inosine 5'-diphosphate
  • Inosine 5'-pyrophosphate
 86-04-4

(1) ApexBio Compounds for HK3 Gene

Compound Action Cas Number
Lonidamine 50264-69-2
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with HK3: view

Drug Products

Transcripts for HK3 Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone

mRNA/cDNA for HK3 Gene

1 REFSEQ mRNAs :
5 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
6 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for HK3

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for HK3 Gene

No ASD Table

Relevant External Links for HK3 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
HK3

Expression for HK3 Gene

Products:

  1. Primer
  2. Gene Expression Assay

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and SAGE for HK3 Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for HK3 Gene
mRNA expression by GTEx for HK3 GenemRNA expression by BioGPS for HK3 Gene

mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for HK3 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Whole Blood (x38.4) and Spleen (x5.8).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for HK3 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Neutrophil (15.2), Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (11.4), Monocytes (7.9), and Cervix (7.5).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for HK3 Gene



Protein tissue co-expression partners for HK3 Gene

- Elite partner

Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for HK3

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for HK3 Gene:

Hs.411695

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for HK3 Gene

  • Blood(4.5)
  • Liver(4.4)
  • Eye(2.2)
  • Pancreas(2.2)
  • Nervous system(2.2)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with HK3: view

No data available for mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for HK3 Gene

Orthologs for HK3 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals and fungi.

Orthologs for HK3 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia HK3 30 31
  • 99.24 (n)
 OneToOne
Cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia HK3 31
  • 91 (a)
 OneToOne
Dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia HK3 30 31
  • 88.01 (n)
 OneToOne
Mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Hk3 30 17 31
  • 84.08 (n)
 OneToOne
Rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Hk3 30
  • 83.8 (n)
Oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia HK3 31
  • 74 (a)
 OneToOne
Platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia HK3 31
  • 56 (a)
 OneToOne
Chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves HK3 30 31
  • 63.07 (n)
 OneToOne
Lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia HK3 31
  • 54 (a)
 OneToOne
Fruit Fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta Hex-C 31 32
  • 37 (a)
 ManyToMany
Hex-A 31 32
  • 35 (a)
 ManyToMany
Hex-t2 31 32
  • 33 (a)
 ManyToMany
Hex-t1 32
  • 31 (a)
Worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans)
 Secernentea H25P06.1 32
  • 41 (a)
F14B4.2 31 32
  • 40 (a)
 OneToMany
Y77E11A.1 32
  • 36 (a)
Baker's yeast
(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
 Saccharomycetes EMI2 31
  • 29 (a)
 ManyToMany
GLK1 31
  • 29 (a)
 ManyToMany
HXK1 31 33
  • 28 (a)
 ManyToMany
HXK2 31
  • 27 (a)
 ManyToMany
Sea Squirt
(Ciona savignyi)
 Ascidiacea CSA.11095 31
  • 40 (a)
 OneToMany
Species where no ortholog for HK3 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • Corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
  • Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • Pig (Sus scrofa)
  • Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • Rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
  • Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • Soybean (Glycine max)
  • Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis)
  • Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
  • Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Evolution for HK3 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for HK3 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for HK3 (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for HK3: view image

Paralogs for HK3 Gene

Paralogs for HK3 Gene

(5) SIMAP similar genes for HK3 Gene using alignment to 5 proteins:

  • HXK3_HUMAN
  • H0Y8U9_HUMAN
  • H0Y9N6_HUMAN
  • H0YAG4_HUMAN
  • Q16779_HUMAN
genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with HK3: view

Variants for HK3 Gene

Products:

  1. SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay

Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for HK3 Gene

SNP ID Clinical significance and condition Chr 05 pos Variation AA Info Type
684525 Not Provided: not provided 176,889,454(-) C/T MISSENSE_VARIANT
709821 Benign: not provided 176,891,429(-) C/T MISSENSE_VARIANT
712997 Benign: not provided 176,889,667(-) C/T SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT
716936 Benign: not provided 176,881,983(-) G/C MISSENSE_VARIANT
717587 Likely Benign: not provided 176,891,149(-) G/A MISSENSE_VARIANT

Additional dbSNP identifiers (rs#s) for HK3 Gene

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for HK3 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
dgv10180n54 CNV loss 21841781
dgv10181n54 CNV loss 21841781
dgv362n21 CNV loss 19592680
dgv732n27 CNV loss 19166990
esv3306603 CNV mobile element insertion 20981092
esv3308925 CNV mobile element insertion 20981092
esv3326187 CNV insertion 20981092
esv3332381 CNV insertion 20981092
esv3575904 CNV gain 25503493
nsv462562 CNV loss 19166990
nsv519416 CNV gain 19592680
nsv600353 CNV loss 21841781
nsv950724 CNV deletion 24416366

Variation tolerance for HK3 Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 80.3% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 5.19; 69.72% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for HK3 Gene

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
HK3
SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
HK3

SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for HK3 Gene

Disorders for HK3 Gene

Additional Disease Information for HK3

Genetic Association Database
(GAD)
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Open Targets Platform

No disorders were found for HK3 Gene.

No data available for MalaCards , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for HK3 Gene

Publications for HK3 Gene

  1. Sequence of human hexokinase III cDNA and assignment of the human hexokinase III gene (HK3) to chromosome band 5q35.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. (PMID: 8812439) Furuta H … Bell GI (Genomics 1996) 2 3 4 23
  2. Purification and characterization of the carboxyl-domain of human hexokinase type III expressed as fusion protein. (PMID: 8717435) Palma F … Stocchi V (Molecular and cellular biochemistry 1996) 3 4 23
  3. Genetic variants in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes influence AIDS progression. (PMID: 20877624) Hendrickson SL … O'Brien SJ (PloS one 2010) 3 41
  4. Genome-wide association studies identify loci associated with age at menarche and age at natural menopause. (PMID: 19448621) He C … Chasman DI (Nature genetics 2009) 3 41
  5. Hexokinase III, cyclin A and galectin-3 are overexpressed in malignant follicular thyroid nodules. (PMID: 17868400) Hooft L … van Diest PJ (Clinical endocrinology 2008) 3 23

ExternalLinks

View latest publications for HK3 gene in Mastermind

Products for HK3 Gene

  • Addgene plasmids for HK3

Sources for HK3 Gene