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Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These enzymes function in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding these enzymes are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of some drugs. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha class. The alpha class genes, located in a cluster mapped to chromosome 6, are the most abundantly expressed glutathione S-transferases in liver. In addition to metabolizing bilirubin and certain anti-cancer drugs in the liver, the alpha class of these enzymes exhibit glutathione peroxidase activity thereby protecting the cells from reactive oxygen species and the products of peroxidation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
GSTA2 (Glutathione S-Transferase Alpha 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with GSTA2 include Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia. Among its related pathways are Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 and Naphthalene metabolism. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include glutathione transferase activity. An important paralog of this gene is GSTA1.
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0004364 | glutathione transferase activity | TAS,ISS | -- |
GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 25416956 |
GO:0016740 | transferase activity | IEA | -- |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA | -- |
GO:0005829 | cytosol | TAS | -- |
GO:0070062 | extracellular exosome | TAS | -- |
SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 | ||
2 | Glutathione metabolism |
Glutathione metabolism
.60
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3 | Metabolism |
.40
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4 | Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type | ||
5 | Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0006749 | glutathione metabolic process | ISS | -- |
GO:0006805 | xenobiotic metabolic process | IBA | 21873635 |
GO:0030855 | epithelial cell differentiation | IEP | 21492153 |
GO:0035722 | interleukin-12-mediated signaling pathway | TAS | -- |
GO:1901687 | glutathione derivative biosynthetic process | TAS | -- |
Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Busulfan | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Enzyme, substrate | 622 | ||
chloroquine | Approved, Investigational, Vet_approved | Pharma | Agonist, Target, inhibitor | 216 | ||
Clofibrate | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Agonist, Enzyme, inhibitor | 2 | ||
Ethacrynic acid | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Enzyme, inhibitor | 4 | ||
Glutathione | Approved, Investigational | Nutra | Target, Enzyme, substrate | 0 |
Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1R)-Glutathionyl-(2R)-hydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene |
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(1R)-Hydroxy-(2R)-glutathionyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene |
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(1S)-Hydroxy-(2S)-glutathionyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene |
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(1S,2R)-Naphthalene 1,2-oxide |
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1,1-Dichloroethylene epoxide |
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Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
Ezatiostat hydrochloride | GST inhibitor | 286942-97-0 |
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | GSTA2 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | LOC501110 30 |
|
||
Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | GSTA5 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Gm10639 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | GSTA 30 |
|
||
-- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
GSTA3 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | -- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
-- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
-- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
-- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | gstal 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
zgc:173962 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
zgc:173961 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | gst-41 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
F56A4.3 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
gst-10 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
Y45G12C.3 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
F56A4.4 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany |
Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
---|---|---|---|
dgv10661n54 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
dgv1182e214 | CNV | gain | 21293372 |
dgv1772e212 | CNV | loss | 25503493 |
dgv5961n100 | CNV | loss | 25217958 |
dgv5962n100 | CNV | loss | 25217958 |
esv2436160 | CNV | deletion | 19546169 |
esv2666271 | CNV | deletion | 23128226 |
esv2732085 | CNV | deletion | 23290073 |
esv2752126 | CNV | gain | 17911159 |
esv2759429 | CNV | loss | 17122850 |
esv2763990 | CNV | loss | 21179565 |
esv3609003 | CNV | loss | 21293372 |
esv3609004 | CNV | loss | 21293372 |
esv3609005 | CNV | loss | 21293372 |
esv4858 | OTHER | sequence alteration | 18987735 |
esv9378 | CNV | loss | 19470904 |
nsv1020575 | CNV | loss | 25217958 |
nsv1020891 | CNV | loss | 25217958 |
nsv1023506 | CNV | gain | 25217958 |
nsv1023696 | CNV | loss | 25217958 |
nsv462945 | CNV | loss | 19166990 |
nsv470818 | CNV | loss | 18288195 |
nsv523124 | CNV | loss | 19592680 |
nsv603106 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
nsv970121 | CNV | duplication | 23825009 |
Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|
periventricular nodular heterotopia |
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