Aliases for GHRL Gene
Aliases for GHRL Gene
External Ids for GHRL Gene
- HGNC: 18129
- Entrez Gene: 51738
- Ensembl: ENSG00000157017
- OMIM: 605353
- UniProtKB: Q9UBU3
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for GHRL Gene
- GC03M010256
- GC03M010302
Summaries for GHRL Gene
-
This gene encodes the ghrelin-obestatin preproprotein that is cleaved to yield two peptides, ghrelin and obestatin. Ghrelin is a powerful appetite stimulant and plays an important role in energy homeostasis. Its secretion is initiated when the stomach is empty, whereupon it binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor in the hypothalamus which results in the secretion of growth hormone (somatotropin). Ghrelin is thought to regulate multiple activities, including hunger, reward perception via the mesolimbic pathway, gastric acid secretion, gastrointestinal motility, and pancreatic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. It was initially proposed that obestatin plays an opposing role to ghrelin by promoting satiety and thus decreasing food intake, but this action is still debated. Recent reports suggest multiple metabolic roles for obestatin, including regulating adipocyte function and glucose metabolism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. In addition, antisense transcripts for this gene have been identified and may potentially regulate ghrelin-obestatin preproprotein expression. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
GeneCards Summary for GHRL Gene
GHRL (Ghrelin And Obestatin Prepropeptide) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with GHRL include Obesity and Obesity Susceptibility, Ghrl-Related. Among its related pathways are Peptide ligand-binding receptors and RET signaling. GO annotations related to this gene include hormone activity and protein tyrosine kinase activator activity.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for GHRL Gene
-
Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and stimulates gastric acid secretion. Involved in growth regulation.
-
Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite-reducing effect resulting in decreased food intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility (By similarity).
No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for GHRL Gene
Genomics for GHRL Gene
Regulatory Elements for GHRL Gene
Enhancers for GHRL Gene
- Elite enhancer and/or Elite enhancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data dump
Enhancers around GHRL on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the GHRL gene promoter:
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Location for GHRL Gene
- Chromosome:
- 3
- Start:
- 10,285,675 bp from pter
- End:
- 10,292,947 bp from pter
- Size:
- 7,273 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for GHRL Gene
Genes around GHRL on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 3p25.3 by Ensembl
- 3p25.3 by Entrez Gene
- 3p25.3 by HGNC
GHRL Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for GHRL Gene
Proteins for GHRL Gene
-
Protein details for GHRL Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q9UBU3-GHRL_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Appetite-regulating hormone
- Protein Accession:
- Q9UBU3
- A8CF34
- A8CF38
- A8CF42
- A8DN29
- A8DN30
- Q86YP8
- Q8TAT9
- Q9H3R3
Protein attributes for GHRL Gene
- Size:
- 117 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 12911 Da
- Quaternary structure:
- No Data Available
Protein Expression for GHRL Gene
Post-translational modifications for GHRL Gene
- Amidation of Leu-98 is essential for obestatin activity.
- O-octanoylation or O-decanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity. The O-decanoylated forms Ghrelin-27-C10 and Ghrelin-28-C10 differ in the length of the carbon backbone of the carboxylic acid bound to Ser-26. A small fraction of ghrelin, ghrelin-28-C10:1, may be modified with a singly unsaturated carboxylic acid (PubMed:10604470).
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
- Modification sites at neXtProt
Other Protein References for GHRL Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- EMD Millipore Complete listing of Mono and Polychlonal Antibodies for GHRL
- R&D Systems Antibodies for GHRL (Obestatin)
- R&D Systems Antibodies for GHRL (Ghrelin/Obestatin)
- R&D Systems Antibodies for GHRL (Ghrelin)
-
Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for GHRL
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for GHRL
-
Abcam antibodies for GHRL
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for GHRL
- Invitrogen Antibodies for GHRL
- antibodies-online Antibodies for GHRL: See all 240
- GeneTex GHRL antibody for GHRL
- GeneTex Notch2 antibody for GHRL
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for GHRL
Protein Products
- R&D Systems Peptides for GHRL (Ghrelin)
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for GHRL
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for GHRL
- Origene Custom Protein Services for GHRL
- ProSpec Recombinant Proteins for GHRL
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for GHRL
- antibodies-online Proteins for GHRL: See all 27
- Search antibodies-online for peptides
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for GHRL
-
ProSci Proteins for GHRL
-
Abcam proteins for GHRL
Assay Products
- EMD Millipore Kits and Assays for GHRL
-
Cloud-Clone Corp Assay Kits for GHRL
- antibodies-online Kits for GHRL: See all 103
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for GHRL Gene
Domains & Families for GHRL Gene
Gene Families for GHRL Gene
- HGNC:
Protein Domains for GHRL Gene
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for GHRL Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q9UBU3- Family:
-
- Belongs to the motilin family.
Function for GHRL Gene
Molecular function for GHRL Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and stimulates gastric acid secretion. Involved in growth regulation.
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite-reducing effect resulting in decreased food intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility (By similarity).
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001664 | G-protein coupled receptor binding | ISS | 10604470 |
| GO:0005179 | hormone activity | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 25416956 |
| GO:0016608 | growth hormone-releasing hormone activity | IEA,TAS | 16511605 |
| GO:0030296 | protein tyrosine kinase activator activity | IMP | 15350694 |
Phenotypes for GHRL Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for GHRL:
- inferred from 5 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for GHRL:
Animal Models for GHRL Gene
Animal Model Products
-
Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for GHRL
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for GHRL
-
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GHRL gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for GHRL
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for GHRL
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for GHRL
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for GHRL
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for GHRL
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shRNA, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for GHRL
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For GHRL
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GHRL gene
Clone Products
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for GHRL
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for GHRL
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for GHRL
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for GHRL
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GHRL gene
Flow Cytometry Products
- eBioscience FlowRNA Probe Sets (VA4-10928) for GHRL
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for GHRL Gene
Localization for GHRL Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for GHRL Gene
- Secreted.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| extracellular | 5 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 5 |
| nucleus | 3 |
| plasma membrane | 2 |
| mitochondrion | 2 |
| cytosol | 2 |
| cytoskeleton | 1 |
| peroxisome | 1 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005576 | extracellular region | TAS,IEA | -- |
| GO:0005615 | extracellular space | IDA | 15039149 |
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005788 | endoplasmic reticulum lumen | TAS | -- |
| GO:0030424 | axon | IDA | 17113048 |
Pathways & Interactions for GHRL Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Peptide ligand-binding receptors | ||
| 2 | Signaling by GPCR | ||
| 3 | RET signaling | ||
| 4 | Peptide hormone metabolism | ||
| 5 | cAMP signaling pathway | ||
Pathways by source for GHRL Gene
1 BioSystems pathway for GHRL Gene
1 KEGG pathway for GHRL Gene
Interacting Proteins for GHRL Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
ENSP00000335074
Q9UBU3-GHRL_HUMAN
for GHRL Gene via
STRING
IID
UniProtKB
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000187 | activation of MAPK activity | IMP | 15350694 |
| GO:0001696 | gastric acid secretion | IBA | -- |
| GO:0001937 | negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation | IDA | 15572208 |
| GO:0006006 | glucose metabolic process | NAS | 17392603 |
| GO:0007186 | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway | TAS | 16511605 |
Drugs & Compounds for GHRL Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obestatin (rat) | Pharma | 0 |
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs |
|---|
(1) ApexBio Compounds for GHRL Gene
| Compound | Action | Cas Number |
|---|---|---|
| Obestatin (rat) | 869705-22-6 |
Transcripts for GHRL Gene
mRNA/cDNA for GHRL Gene
- (12) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (72) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (26) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (15) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for GHRL Gene
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for GHRL
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for GHRL
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for GHRL
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for GHRL
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shRNA, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for GHRL
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For GHRL
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GHRL gene
Clone Products
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for GHRL
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for GHRL
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for GHRL
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Flow Cytometry Products
- eBioscience FlowRNA Probe Sets (VA4-10928) for GHRL
| ExUns: | 1 | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5a | · | 5b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | |||||||||||
| SP2: | |||||||||||
| SP3: | - |
Expression for GHRL Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
-
Pancreas (Endocrine System)
- Endocrine Progenitor Cells Dorsal Pancreatic Bud
- Endocrine Progenitor Cells Ventral Pancreatic Bud
- Epsilon Cells, Ghrelin Cells Islets of Langerhans
- Pancreatic endoderm and endocrine precursors in cell suspension(Rezania A et. al. 2012)
- Endocrine progenitors(Rezania A et. al. 2012)
-
Epithelial Cells
- Endocrine Progenitor Cells Dorsal Pancreatic Bud
- Endocrine Progenitor Cells Ventral Pancreatic Bud
- NULL (Uncategorized)
-
Blood (Hematopoietic System)
- Granulocytes Peripheral Blood
-
Kidney (Urinary System)
- Juxtaglomerular Cells Afferent Arteriole
-
Smooth Muscle (Muscoskeletal System)
- Juxtaglomerular Cells Afferent Arteriole
- Intestine (Gastrointestinal Tract)
-
Stomach (Gastrointestinal Tract)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for GHRL Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Stomach (x40.7).
This gene is overexpressed in Islet of Langerhans (65.8).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, and MOPED for GHRL Gene
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of GHRL Gene:
GHRLSOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for GHRL Gene:
Hs.590080mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for GHRL Gene:
Q9UBU3-GHRL_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Highest level in stomach. All forms are found in serum as well. Other tissues compensate for the loss of ghrelin synthesis in the stomach following gastrectomy.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for GHRL Gene
- Stomach(4.9)
- Blood(4.7)
- Heart(4.5)
- Kidney(4.3)
- Nervous system(4.2)
- Intestine(2.9)
- Pancreas(2.7)
- Muscle(2.3)
- Adrenal gland(2)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for GHRL
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for GHRL
No data available for Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for GHRL Gene
Orthologs for GHRL Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | GHRL 35 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Ghrl 34 16 35 |
|
||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Ghrl 34 |
|
||
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | GHRL 34 35 |
|
||
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | GHRL 34 35 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | GHRL 35 |
|
OneToOne | |
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | GHR 35 |
|
OneToOne |
- Species where no ortholog for GHRL was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
- sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Paralogs for GHRL Gene
No data available for Paralogs for GHRL Gene
Variants for GHRL Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 03 pos | Sequence Context | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs696217 | Pathogenic | 10,289,773(+) | TTCCA(G/T)TTCAT | intron-variant, reference, missense | |
| rs34911341 | other | 10,289,835(+) | GAGCT(C/T)GGGGC | intron-variant, reference, missense | |
| rs4684677 | other | 10,286,769(+) | GGTAC(A/T)GAACC | intron-variant, reference, missense | |
| rs1000183653 | -- | 10,288,125(+) | CAGTG(C/T)TGGCT | intron-variant | |
| rs1000408195 | -- | 10,291,645(+) | TCCCA(A/G)CATAG | intron-variant, utr-variant-5-prime |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| dgv762e201 | CNV | deletion | 23290073 |
| esv4117 | OTHER | complex | 18987735 |
| nsv1073204 | CNV | deletion | 25765185 |
| nsv1121603 | CNV | deletion | 24896259 |
| nsv436362 | CNV | deletion | 17901297 |
| nsv436869 | CNV | insertion | 17901297 |
| nsv460420 | CNV | loss | 19166990 |
| nsv508903 | CNV | insertion | 20534489 |
| nsv589650 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
82.3% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
5.92;
74.43% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Relevant External Links for GHRL Gene
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for GHRL Gene
Disorders for GHRL Gene
(42) MalaCards diseases for GHRL Gene - From: OMIM, ClinVar, GeneTests, DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| obesity |
|
|
| obesity susceptibility, ghrl-related |
|
|
| bulimia nervosa |
|
|
| eating disorder |
|
|
| gastroparesis |
|
Search GHRL in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Relevant External Links for GHRL
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for GHRL Gene
Publications for GHRL Gene
- Multiple genetic factors in olanzapine-induced weight gain in schizophrenia patients: a cohort study. (PMID: 19193342) Ujike H. … Kuroda S. (J Clin Psychiatry 2008) 3 22 46 64
- Lack of association of ghrelin precursor gene variants and percentage body fat or serum lipid profiles. (PMID: 18239581) Martin G.R. … Sun G. (Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008) 3 22 46 64
- Ghrelin variants influence development of body mass index and plasma levels of total cholesterol in dialyzed patients. (PMID: 17635077) Hubacek J.A. … ViklickA1 O. (Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2007) 3 22 46 64
- Variations in the preproghrelin gene correlate with higher body mass index, fat mass, and body dissatisfaction in young Japanese women. (PMID: 17616759) Ando T. … Komaki G. (Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2007) 3 22 46 64
- Variants in the ghrelin gene are associated with metabolic syndrome in the Old Order Amish. (PMID: 16204371) Steinle N.I. … Shuldiner A.R. (J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005) 3 22 46 64
Products for GHRL Gene
- R&D Systems Antibodies for GHRL (Ghrelin)
- R&D Systems Antibodies for GHRL (Ghrelin/Obestatin)
- R&D Systems Antibodies for GHRL (Obestatin)
- R&D Systems Peptides for GHRL (Ghrelin)
- Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
- Browse Primary Antibodies
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- Browse Immunoprecipitation Assays
- Browse Luminex Assays
- Browse Peptides
- Browse Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays
- Browse Small Molecules
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for GHRL
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- OriGene Purified Proteins for GHRL
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for GHRL
- Origene Custom Protein Services for GHRL
- Origene shRNA, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for GHRL
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For GHRL
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for GHRL
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for GHRL
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for GHRL
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Browse OriGene miRNA Products For GHRL
- GenScript: Next-day shipping cDNA ORF clone for GHRL in any vector
- GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for GHRL
- GenScript Custom Assay Services for GHRL
- GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for GHRL
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for GHRL
- Design optimal peptide antigens
- CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
- Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector
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- Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11
- Plasmid Preparation
- GenScript Custom Peptide Services for GHRL
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for GHRL
- Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
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- Sino Biological Antibodies
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- Sino Biological Cell Lysates
- Sino Biological qPCR Primers
- Sino Biological CRO Services for Proteins, Antibodies and Genes
- Sino Biological Transfection Reagents
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for GHRL
- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for GHRL
- Novus Biologicals
- Novus Biologicals Tissue Microarrays
- Abcam antibodies for GHRL
- Abcam proteins for GHRL
- Search for Assays for GHRL at Abcam
- Find your target
- Search knockout validated antibodies
- Browse monoclonal antibodies
- ProSpec Recombinant Proteins for GHRL
- Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for GHRL
- Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for GHRL
- Cloud-Clone Corp Assay Kits for GHRL
- Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for GHRL
- Find your next knockout model in the Taconic Knockout Repository
- Genetically Engineered Models Available Immediately
- Humanized Mice
- Invitrogen Antibodies for GHRL
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- ApexBio compounds for GHRL
- antibodies-online Antibodies for GHRL: See all 240
- antibodies-online Kits for GHRL: See all 103
- antibodies-online Proteins for GHRL: See all 27
- Search antibodies-online for peptides
- GeneTex Notch2 antibody for GHRL
- GeneTex GHRL antibody for GHRL
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for GHRL
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GHRL gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for GHRL
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for GHRL
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for GHRL siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for GHRL
- Search for GHRL Antibodies at ProSci
- Custom Antibody Services
- ProSci Proteins for GHRL
- Horizon Cell Lines for GHRL
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for GHRL
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for GHRL
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for GHRL
- VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
Sources for GHRL Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) RNAdb
- (29) ASD
- (30) ECgene
- (31) GeneAnnot
- (32) CGAP SAGE
- (33) SOURCE
- (34) HomoloGene
- (35) PanEnsembl
- (36) euGenes
- (37) SGD
- (38) FlyBase
- (39) WormBase
- (40) Pseudogene
- (41) DGV
- (42) dbSNP
- (43) GenAtlas
- (44) GeneTests
- (45) HGMD
- (46) GAD
- (47) LSDB
- (48) BGMUT
- (49) HuGE
- (50) eBioscience
- (51) Atlas
- (52) Cell Signaling Technology
- (53) GenBank
- (54) H-invDB
- (55) HORDE
- (56) HUGE
- (57) IMGT
- (58) Leiden
- (59) MILLIPORE
- (60) miRBase
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