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This gene encodes a member of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) family, which are important in the metabolism of glutathione. The most ubiquitously expressed human GGT gene, GGT1, encodes a single transmembrane polypeptide that is post-translationally processed to form a heavy and a light chain. In contrast, the product of this gene only contains homology to the light cha... See more...
Aliases for GGTLC1 Gene
Aliases for GGTLC1 Gene
External Ids for GGTLC1 Gene
- HGNC: 16437
- Entrez Gene: 92086
- Ensembl: ENSG00000149435
- OMIM: 612338
- UniProtKB: Q9BX51
Previous HGNC Symbols for GGTLC1 Gene
- GGTLA4
- GGTLA3
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for GGTLC1 Gene
- GC20M023914
Summaries for GGTLC1 Gene
-
This gene encodes a member of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) family, which are important in the metabolism of glutathione. The most ubiquitously expressed human GGT gene, GGT1, encodes a single transmembrane polypeptide that is post-translationally processed to form a heavy and a light chain. In contrast, the product of this gene only contains homology to the light chain region, and lacks a transmembrane domain. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
GeneCards Summary for GGTLC1 Gene
GGTLC1 (Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Light Chain 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with GGTLC1 include Bladder Sarcoma. Among its related pathways are Folate Metabolism and Eicosanoid Synthesis. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include obsolete gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. An important paralog of this gene is GGT1.
Additional gene information for GGTLC1 Gene
- HGNC(16437)
- Entrez Gene(92086)
- Ensembl(ENSG00000149435)
- OMIM(612338)
- UniProtKB(Q9BX51)
- Open Targets Platform(ENSG00000149435)
- Search for GGTLC1 at DataMed
- Search for GGTLC1 at HumanCyc
No data available for CIViC Summary , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary , Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for GGTLC1 Gene
Genomics for GGTLC1 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs
Promoters and enhancers for GGTLC1 Gene
| GeneHancer (GH) Identifier | GH Type | GH Score |
GH Sources | Gene Association Score | Total Score | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites |
Gene Targets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GH20J023986 | Promoter | 0.4 | EPDnew | 600.7 | +2.3 | 2289 | 0.1 | ZNF24 | GGTLC1 piR-47694-001 ENSG00000236168 CST5 | |
| GH20J024034 | Enhancer | 0.8 | Ensembl | 6.5 | -45.8 | -45767 | 0.6 | CREB1 ZHX2 FOXA1 SP1 CEBPA CTBP1 FOXA2 MAFF ESRRA YY1 | GGTLC1 HSALNG0129296 lnc-SYNDIG1-4 SYNDIG1 | |
| GH20J023978 | Enhancer | 0.9 | Ensembl ENCODE | 5.6 | +8.4 | 8433 | 5.4 | CTCF PHB2 FOXK2 SOX13 FOXA1 RAD51 YBX1 E4F1 NONO SP1 | ENSG00000236168 GGTLC1 HSALNG0129289 CST5 | |
| GH20J024025 | Enhancer | 0.9 | FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE | 5.4 | -37.9 | -37867 | 3.2 | SP1 GABPA JUN MAX | GGTLC1 lnc-SYNDIG1-4 HSALNG0129296 SYNDIG1 | |
| GH20J024095 | Enhancer | 0.9 | Ensembl ENCODE | 4.7 | -107.6 | -107632 | 3.1 | CREB1 PRDM10 ZNF629 FOXA1 PRDM1 PHB2 ZNF341 SP2 TSHZ1 MAFF | GGTLC1 HSALNG0129302 lnc-GGTLC1-2 LOC105372576 LINC01721 SYNDIG1 |
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around GGTLC1 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for GGTLC1
Genomic Locations for GGTLC1 Gene
Genomic Locations for GGTLC1 Gene
- chr20:23,985,050-23,989,134
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 4,085 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr20:23,965,690-23,969,416
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 3,727 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for GGTLC1 Gene
Genes around GGTLC1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 20p11.21 by HGNC
- 20p11.21 by Entrez Gene
- 20p11.21 by Ensembl
GGTLC1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for GGTLC1 Gene
Proteins for GGTLC1 Gene
-
Protein details for GGTLC1 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q9BX51-GGTL1_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Glutathione hydrolase light chain 1
- Protein Accession:
- Q9BX51
- D3DW43
- Q08246
Protein attributes for GGTLC1 Gene
- Size:
- 225 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 24274 Da
- Quaternary structure:
- No Data Available
- Miscellaneous:
-
- Corresponds to the light chain of other gamma-glutamyltransferase family members. Has no catalytic activity.
Selected DME Specific Peptides for GGTLC1 Gene
- Q9BX51:
-
- PGKQPLSSMCP
- ATSTINLYFGSKV
- DDGGTAHLS
- PSPANFI
Post-translational modifications for GGTLC1 Gene
Other Protein References for GGTLC1 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- Creative Diagnostics Anti-GGTLC1 monoclonal antibody
-
Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for GGTLC1
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for GGTLC1
- Invitrogen Antibodies for GGTLC1 (AFLGC-GGTLC1)
-
Biorbyt antibodies for GGTLC1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for GGTLC1
Protein Products
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for GGTLC1
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for GGTLC1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for GGTLC1
Domains & Families for GGTLC1 Gene
Gene Families for GGTLC1 Gene
- HGNC:
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein Domains for GGTLC1 Gene
- InterPro:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for GGTLC1 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- Gamma-glutamyltransferase-like activity 4, isoform CRA_b (D3DW46_HUMAN)
- Gamma-glutamyltransferase-like protein 6 (GGTL1_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q9BX51- Family:
-
- Belongs to the gamma-glutamyltransferase family.
Function for GGTLC1 Gene
Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for GGTLC1 Gene
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for GGTLC1 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003674 | molecular_function | ND | -- |
| GO:0036374 | glutathione hydrolase activity | IEA | -- |
Phenotypes for GGTLC1 Gene
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for GGTLC1:
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for GGTLC1 - Select products 50% OFF >
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-
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-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for GGTLC1
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
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Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for GGTLC1 - Select products 50% OFF >
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-
OriGene ORF clones in human for GGTLC1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
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Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for GGTLC1
No data available for Molecular function , Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for GGTLC1 Gene
Localization for GGTLC1 Gene
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| plasma membrane | 3 |
| extracellular | 2 |
| nucleus | 2 |
| cytosol | 2 |
| mitochondrion | 1 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 1 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005575 | cellular_component | ND | -- |
No data available for Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for GGTLC1 Gene
Pathways & Interactions for GGTLC1 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eicosanoid Synthesis | ||
| 2 | Glutathione metabolism | ||
| 3 | NRF2 pathway | ||
| 4 | Folate Metabolism | ||
Pathways by source for GGTLC1 Gene
4 BioSystems pathways for GGTLC1 Gene
Interacting Proteins for GGTLC1 Gene
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for GGTLC1
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006508 | proteolysis | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006751 | glutathione catabolic process | IEA | -- |
| GO:0008150 | biological_process | ND | -- |
| GO:1901750 | leukotriene D4 biosynthetic process | ISS | -- |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for GGTLC1 Gene
Transcripts for GGTLC1 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for GGTLC1 Gene
- 3 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 3 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000278765 974 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000286890 1028 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000335694 1046 nts (view in UCSC)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for GGTLC1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * GGTLC1 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for GGTLC1
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for GGTLC1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for GGTLC1
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for GGTLC1
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For GGTLC1
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for GGTLC1
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for GGTLC1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * GGTLC1 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene ORF clones in human for GGTLC1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for GGTLC1
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for GGTLC1
Relevant External Links for GGTLC1 Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- GGTLC1
Expression for GGTLC1 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for GGTLC1 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Lung (x30.3) and Testis (x19.4).
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for GGTLC1
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for GGTLC1 Gene:
Hs.355394Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for GGTLC1 Gene
- Lung(4.2)
- Nervous system(4.1)
- Kidney(3)
- Liver(2)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for GGTLC1
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for Protein differential expression in normal tissues , Protein expression , Protein tissue co-expression partners , mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for GGTLC1 Gene
Orthologs for GGTLC1 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | GGTLC1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| -- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Ggt1 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | ggt1a 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| ggt1b 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| ggt1l2.2 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| si:dkey-222h21.12 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| si:ch73-236c18.3 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| ggt1l2.1 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | CG1492 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| CG4829 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | C53D5.5 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| Y7A9A.1 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| H14N18.4 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| T03D8.6 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) |
Saccharomycetes | ECM38 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| Soybean (Glycine max) |
eudicotyledons | Gma.14319 30 |
|
||
| Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| CSA.7538 31 |
|
ManyToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for GGTLC1 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- Corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
- Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa)
- Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
- Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
- Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Evolution for GGTLC1 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for GGTLC1 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for GGTLC1 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for GGTLC1: view image
Paralogs for GGTLC1 Gene
Variants for GGTLC1 Gene
Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for GGTLC1 Gene
| SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 20 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 785651 | Benign: not provided | 23,985,954(-) | T/A | MISSENSE_VARIANT |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| esv26651 | CNV | gain | 19812545 |
| esv2673741 | CNV | deletion | 23128226 |
| esv3645541 | CNV | loss | 21293372 |
| nsv1063474 | CNV | loss | 25217958 |
| nsv522873 | CNV | gain | 19592680 |
| nsv820636 | CNV | deletion | 20802225 |
| nsv833944 | CNV | gain | 17160897 |
| nsv953004 | CNV | deletion | 24416366 |
| nsv962565 | CNV | duplication | 23825009 |
| nsv962566 | CNV | duplication | 23825009 |
| nsv9793 | CNV | gain+loss | 18304495 |
| nsv979449 | CNV | duplication | 23825009 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
82.7% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
2.68;
46.11% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for GGTLC1 Gene
- SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
- GGTLC1
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for GGTLC1 Gene
Disorders for GGTLC1 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| bladder sarcoma |
|
|
Search GGTLC1 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for GGTLC1
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for GGTLC1 Gene
Publications for GGTLC1 Gene
- The human gamma-glutamyltransferase gene family. (PMID: 18357469) Heisterkamp N … Sneddon TP (Human genetics 2008) 2 3 4
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PMID: 15489334) Gerhard DS … MGC Project Team (Genome research 2004) 3 4
- The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. (PMID: 11780052) Deloukas P … Rogers J (Nature 2001) 3 4
- Molecular characterization of human acetyl-CoA synthetase, an enzyme regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins. (PMID: 10843999) Luong A … Goldstein JL (The Journal of biological chemistry 2000) 2 3
- Human lung expresses unique gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase transcripts. (PMID: 7689219) Wetmore LA … Drazen JM (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993) 3 4
ExternalLinks
Products for GGTLC1 Gene
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for GGTLC1
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- OriGene Purified Proteins for GGTLC1
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for GGTLC1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for GGTLC1
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- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for GGTLC1
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- High-throughput Antibody Production Service
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- Lentiviral ORF Clones
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- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for GGTLC1
- Browse Antibodies
- Browse Peptides and Proteins
- Browse Lysates
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Invitrogen Antibodies for GGTLC1 (AFLGC-GGTLC1)
- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for GGTLC1 (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for GGTLC1 (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder CRISPR vectors for GGTLC1 (ie. knockout, knockin, CRISPRa, CRISPRi)
- VectorBuilder Virus packaging for GGTLC1 CRISPR vectors (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder Stable cell line generation for GGTLC1
- antibodies-online: Show 14 available GGTLC1 Antibodies ranked by validation data
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- antibodies-online: Search results for available GGTLC1 related products ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Search results for available GGTLC1 related products ranked by validation data
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for GGTLC1
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- Horizon Cell Lines for GGTLC1
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- Biorbyt antibodies for GGTLC1
Sources for GGTLC1 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
- (45) GenBank
- (46) HORDE
- (47) HUGE
- (48) IMGT
- (49) Leiden
- (50) miRBase
- (51) DME
- (52) OriGene
- (53) PubMed
- (54) R&D Systems
- (55) TGDB
- (56) Tocris
- (57) Abcam
- (58) Novus Biologicals
- (59) ProSpec
- (60) Sino Biological
- (61) GenScript
- (62) Qiagen
- (63) OCA
- (64) Proteopedia
- (65) MOPED
- (66) neXtProt
- (67) Reactome
- (68) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (69) DISEASES
- (70) SIMAP
- (71) GenomeRNAi
- (72) LifeMap
- (73) miRTarBase
- (74) MalaCards
- (75) Invitrogen
- (76) BitterDB
- (77) ESI-BIO
- (78) RefSeq
- (79) BioSystems
- (80) MaxQB
- (81) IUPHAR
- (82) BioGPS
- (83) Illumina
- (84) COMPARTMENTS
- (85) HOMER
- (86) PaxDb
- (87) ApexBio
- (88) Addgene
- (89) antibodies-online
- (90) CYP
- (91) NONCODE
- (92) TreeFam
- (93) PathCards
- (94) GeneReviews
- (95) GeneTex
- (96) Taconic Biosciences
- (97) GTEx
- (98) ProteomicsDB
- (99) SCBT
- (100) DGIdb
- (101) ClinicalTrials
- (102) RVIS
- (103) SIGNOR
- (104) diseasecard
- (105) NIH Rare Diseases
- (106) Orphanet
- (107) UMLS
- (108) GTR
- (109) Disease Ontology
- (110) Genetics Home Reference
- (111) MeSH
- (112) MedlinePlus
- (113) CDC
- (114) NINDS
- (115) NCBI Bookshelf
- (116) ClinVar
- (117) Gene Damage Index
- (118) HPO
- (119) UDN
- (120) VISTA
- (121) FANTOM5
- (122) ENCODE
- (123) ProSci
- (124) Horizon
- (125) The Signaling Pathways Project (SPP)
- (126) IID
- (127) VectorBuilder
- (128) SNPedia
- (129) BRCA Exchange
- (130) CIViC
- (131) ProteoGenix
- (132) dbSUPER
- (133) TISSUES
- (134) Gene ORGANizer
- (135) abm
- (136) Human Protein Atlas
- (137) GWAS Catalog
- (138) Monarch Initiative
- (139) DataMed
- (140) HumanCyc
- (141) UCNEbase
- (142) EPDnew
- (143) Applied Biosystems
- (144) GlyConnect
- (145) Aminode
- (146) GeneCopoeia
- (147) GPS-Prot
- (148) RNACentral
- (149) LncRNADisease
- (150) LOVD
- (151) miR2Disease
- (152) DiseaseEnhancer
- (153) Boster Bio
- (154) Biorbyt
- (155) Biocompare
- (156) Mastermind
- (157) CTD^2 Dashboard
- (158) CraniofacialAtlas
- (159) GeneImprint
- (160) Synthego
- (161) ENA
- (162) GtRNAdb
- (163) LncBase
- (164) LncBook
- (165) LNCipedia
- (166) Modomics
- (167) PDBe
- (168) Rfam
- (169) SILVA
- (170) snOPY
- (171) SRPDB
- (172) GENCODE
- (173) TarBase
- (174) Signalway Antibody
- (175) Open Targets Platform
- (176) 5SRRNADB
- (177) snoDB
- (178) MirGeneDB