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The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the formation of 5-oxoproline from gamma-glutamyl dipeptides, the penultimate step in glutathione catabolism, and may play a critical role in glutathione homeostasis. The encoded protein may also play a role in cell proliferation, and the expression of this gene is a potential marker for cancer. Pseudogenes of this gene are located on the long arm of chromosome 5 and the short arm of chromosomes 2 and 20. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]
GGCT (Gamma-Glutamylcyclotransferase) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with GGCT include Pancreatic Cystadenocarcinoma and Liver Angiosarcoma. Among its related pathways are Glutathione metabolism and Metabolism. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include protein homodimerization activity and gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase activity. An important paralog of this gene is ENSG00000281039.
GeneHancer (GH) Identifier | GH Type | GH Score |
GH Sources | Gene Association Score | Total Score | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites |
Gene Targets |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GH07J030501 | Promoter/Enhancer | 2 | EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE CraniofacialAtlas | 756.1 | +0.9 | 906 | 4.1 | E2F8 SIN3A ZBTB40 SP1 ZBTB6 POLR2A ATF1 FOS CREB1 HCFC1 | GGCT GARS-DT ENSG00000226874 ENSG00000235859 NOD1 ENSG00000263683 piR-53338-123 ENSG00000281039 lnc-NOD1-1 | |
GH07J030500 | Promoter | 0.3 | EPDnew | 750.6 | +4.2 | 4241 | 0.1 | GGCT piR-53338-123 ENSG00000281039 lnc-NOD1-1 | ||
GH07J030493 | Enhancer | 0.6 | ENCODE | 0.4 | +11.5 | 11481 | 0.2 | ZNF687 ZNF644 IKZF1 IKZF2 SP1 DPF2 ELF1 NR2F1 HNF4A ZNF217 | piR-53338-123 GGCT lnc-NOD1-1 | |
GH07J030494 | Enhancer | 0.5 | Ensembl | 0.4 | +11.1 | 11140 | 0.2 | ZNF687 IKZF1 SP1 DPF2 NR2F1 HNF4A ZNF217 | piR-53338-123 GGCT lnc-NOD1-1 |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0003839 | gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase activity | IDA | 18515354 |
GO:0016829 | lyase activity | IEA | -- |
GO:0042803 | protein homodimerization activity | IDA | 17932939 |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0005829 | cytosol | TAS | -- |
GO:0070062 | extracellular exosome | HDA | 19056867 |
SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | Glutathione metabolism | ||
2 | Metabolism |
.40
|
|
3 | Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0001836 | release of cytochrome c from mitochondria | IMP | 16765912 |
GO:0006750 | glutathione biosynthetic process | TAS | -- |
Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5-Oxoprolinate |
|
4042-36-8 |
|
ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | · | 1c | · | 1d | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3a | · | 3b | ^ | 4a | · | 4b | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | · | 5c | · | 5d | · | 5e |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SP1: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP2: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP3: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP4: | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SP5: | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SP6: | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
SP7: | - | - |
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | GGCT 33 32 |
|
OneToOne | |
cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | GGCT 33 32 |
|
OneToOne | |
dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | GGCT 33 32 |
|
OneToOne | |
mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Ggct 17 33 32 |
|
||
rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Ggct 32 |
|
||
platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | GGCT 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | GGCT 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | GGCT 33 32 |
|
OneToOne | |
lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | GGCT 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | ggctb 32 |
|
||
ggcta 33 |
|
OneToOne | |||
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | CG32196 33 32 |
|
OneToMany | |
CG4306 33 |
|
OneToMany | |||
African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | AgaP_AGAP010447 32 |
|
||
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | C44B7.7 33 32 |
|
OneToOne |
SNP ID | Clin | Chr 07 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs1000081672 | -- | 30,506,493(-) | G/A | upstream_transcript_variant | |
rs1000630186 | -- | 30,506,809(-) | T/C | upstream_transcript_variant | |
rs1000729865 | -- | 30,501,299(-) | A/G | intron_variant | |
rs1000801711 | -- | 30,501,465(-) | C/G | intron_variant | |
rs1000916490 | -- | 30,506,654(-) | C/T | upstream_transcript_variant |
Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
---|---|---|---|
esv2456067 | CNV | deletion | 19546169 |
nsv1068321 | OTHER | inversion | 25765185 |
nsv1148830 | OTHER | inversion | 26484159 |
nsv436557 | CNV | deletion | 17901297 |
nsv5684 | CNV | insertion | 18451855 |
Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|
pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma |
|
|
liver angiosarcoma |
|
|
fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency |
|
|
hemoglobin c disease |
|
|
hypochondrogenesis |
|
|