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This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. This protein plays a role in the development of the nervous and other organ systems, and may regulate aging. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]
GDF11 (Growth Differentiation Factor 11) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with GDF11 include Currarino Syndrome and Renal Hypodysplasia/Aplasia 1. Among its related pathways are PEDF Induced Signaling. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include cytokine activity and transforming growth factor beta receptor binding. An important paralog of this gene is MSTN.
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0005125 | cytokine activity | IBA | 21873635 |
GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 18596030 |
GO:0008083 | growth factor activity | IEA | -- |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0005576 | extracellular region | IEA | -- |
GO:0005615 | extracellular space | IBA | 21873635 |
GO:0005654 | nucleoplasm | IDA | -- |
GO:0032991 | protein-containing complex | IDA | 24019467 |
GO:0043231 | intracellular membrane-bounded organelle | IDA | -- |
SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | PEDF Induced Signaling |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0001501 | skeletal system development | TAS | 10391213 |
GO:0001656 | metanephros development | IEA | -- |
GO:0001657 | ureteric bud development | IEA | -- |
GO:0007165 | signal transduction | IEA | -- |
GO:0007399 | nervous system development | TAS | 10075854 |
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | GDF11 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | GDF11 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | GDF11 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Gdf11 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Gdf11 30 |
|
||
Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | GDF11 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | GDF11 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | gdf11 30 |
|
||
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | Xl.13638 30 |
|
||
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | gdf11 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
gdf8 30 |
|
||||
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) |
Actinopterygii | Omy.119 30 |
|
||
African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | AgaP_AGAP005289 30 |
|
||
Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | myo 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | daf-7 30 |
|
||
Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany |
SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 12 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs1449282134 | Uncertain Significance: GDF11-associated multiple congenital anomalies and ID | 55,749,666(+) | C/G | NONSENSE |
Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|
currarino syndrome |
|
|
renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 1 |
|
|
aplastic anemia |
|
|
osteoporosis |
|
|