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This gene encodes N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase which is a lysosomal exohydrolase required for the degradation of the glycosaminoglycans, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin 6-sulfate. Sequence alterations including point, missense and nonsense mutations, as well as those that affect splicing, result in a deficiency of this enzyme. Deficiencies of this enzyme lead to Morquio A syndrome, a lysosomal storage disorder. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
GALNS (Galactosamine (N-Acetyl)-6-Sulfatase) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with GALNS include Mucopolysaccharidosis, Type Iva and Morquio Syndrome. Among its related pathways are Lysosome and Glycosaminoglycan degradation. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include sulfuric ester hydrolase activity and N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase activity. An important paralog of this gene is ARSA.
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0003824 | catalytic activity | IEA | -- |
GO:0003943 | N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase activity | TAS | 8325655 |
GO:0004065 | arylsulfatase activity | IBA | 21873635 |
GO:0008484 | sulfuric ester hydrolase activity | IEA,IDA | 15962010 |
GO:0016787 | hydrolase activity | IEA | -- |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0005576 | extracellular region | TAS | -- |
GO:0005764 | lysosome | IEA | -- |
GO:0035578 | azurophil granule lumen | TAS | -- |
GO:0043202 | lysosomal lumen | TAS | -- |
GO:0070062 | extracellular exosome | HDA | 23533145 |
SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | Innate Immune System |
.61
|
|
2 | Glycosaminoglycan degradation | ||
3 | Lysosome |
-
|
|
4 | Metabolism |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0042340 | keratan sulfate catabolic process | TAS | -- |
GO:0043312 | neutrophil degranulation | TAS | -- |
Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chondroitin sulfate | Approved, Investigational | Nutra | Enzyme, substrate | 0 | ||
elosulfase alfa | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | 0 | |||
Morphine | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Agonist, Full agonist, Partial agonist | 1406 | ||
Galactose | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | 0 | |||
Water | Approved | Pharma | 0 |
Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Keratan |
|
69992-87-6 |
|
|||
N-Acetylgalactosamine |
|
1811-31-0 |
|
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | GALNS 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | GALNS 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | GALNS 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Galns 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Galns 30 |
|
||
Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | GALNS 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | GALNS 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | GALNS 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | GALNS 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | galns 30 |
|
||
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | galns 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Dr.13248 30 |
|
||||
Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) |
Actinopterygii | Omy.10350 30 |
|
||
Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | D1014.1 32 |
|
|
|
sul-2 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 31 |
|
OneToOne |
SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 16 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
638854 | Uncertain Significance: Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-IV-A | 88,841,038(-) | C/G | MISSENSE_VARIANT,FIVE_PRIME_UTR_VARIANT | |
643109 | Pathogenic: Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-IV-A | 88,837,698(-) | TG/T | FRAMESHIFT_VARIANT,FIVE_PRIME_UTR_VARIANT | |
645751 | Uncertain Significance: Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-IV-A | 88,832,036(-) | C/G | MISSENSE_VARIANT | |
645753 | Pathogenic: Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-IV-A | 88,822,588(-) | C/T | SPLICE_DONOR_VARIANT | |
651205 | Pathogenic: Mucopolysaccharidosis, MPS-IV-A | 88,841,936(-) | G/A | MISSENSE_VARIANT,FIVE_PRIME_UTR_VARIANT |
Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|
mucopolysaccharidosis, type iva |
|
|
morquio syndrome |
|
|
mucopolysaccharidosis iv |
|
|
scheie syndrome |
|
|
mucopolysaccharidosis-plus syndrome |
|