Free for academic non-profit institutions. Other users need a Commercial license
Aliases for EXD1 Gene
Aliases for EXD1 Gene
External Ids for EXD1 Gene
- HGNC: 28507
- Entrez Gene: 161829
- Ensembl: ENSG00000178997
- UniProtKB: Q8NHP7
Previous HGNC Symbols for EXD1 Gene
- EXDL1
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for EXD1 Gene
- GC15M039264
- GC15M041474
- GC15M018323
Summaries for EXD1 Gene
GeneCards Summary for EXD1 Gene
EXD1 (Exonuclease 3'-5' Domain Containing 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with EXD1 include Cerebral Creatine Deficiency Syndrome 3 and Cerebral Creatine Deficiency Syndrome. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include nucleic acid binding and 3'-5' exonuclease activity. An important paralog of this gene is EXOSC10.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for EXD1 Gene
-
RNA-binding component of the PET complex, a multiprotein complex required for the processing of piRNAs during spermatogenesis. The piRNA metabolic process mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposable elements, preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity (By similarity). The PET complex is required during the secondary piRNAs metabolic process for the PIWIL2 slicing-triggered loading of PIWIL4 piRNAs. In the PET complex, EXD1 probably acts as an RNA adapter. EXD1 is an inactive exonuclease (By similarity).
Additional gene information for EXD1 Gene
- HGNC(28507)
- Entrez Gene(161829)
- Ensembl(ENSG00000178997)
- UniProtKB(Q8NHP7)
- Open Targets Platform(ENSG00000178997)
- Search for EXD1 at DataMed
- Search for EXD1 at HumanCyc
No data available for Entrez Gene Summary , CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for EXD1 Gene
Genomics for EXD1 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs
Promoters and enhancers for EXD1 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around EXD1 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for EXD1
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the EXD1 gene promoter:
-
- C/EBPbeta
- CREB
- deltaCREB
- Evi-1
- FOXJ2
- FOXJ2 (long isoform)
- FOXL1
- RSRFC4
Genomic Locations for EXD1 Gene
Genomic Locations for EXD1 Gene
- chr15:41,182,725-41,231,074
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 48,350 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr15:41,474,923-41,522,941
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 48,019 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for EXD1 Gene
Genes around EXD1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 15q15.1 by HGNC
- 15q15.1 by Entrez Gene
- 15q15.1 by Ensembl
EXD1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for EXD1 Gene
Proteins for EXD1 Gene
-
Protein details for EXD1 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q8NHP7-EXD1_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- piRNA biogenesis protein EXD1
- Protein Accession:
- Q8NHP7
- A8K909
- B7Z839
- Q6ZW94
Protein attributes for EXD1 Gene
- Size:
- 514 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 58335 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Homodimer (By similarity). Component of the PET complex, at least composed of EXD1, PIWIL2, TDRD12 and piRNAs (By similarity).
Protein Expression for EXD1 Gene
Post-translational modifications for EXD1 Gene
Other Protein References for EXD1 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- Creative Diagnostics Anti-EXD1 monoclonal antibody, clone 2B3
- Creative Biolabs Mouse Anti-EXD1 Recombinant Antibody (CBFYE-1379)
-
Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for EXD1
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for EXD1
- Invitrogen Antibodies for EXD1 (AFLGC-EXD1)
- antibodies-online: Show 13 available EXD1 Antibodies ranked by validation data
-
Biorbyt antibodies for EXD1
Protein Products
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for EXD1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for EXD1
- antibodies-online: Search results for available EXD1 related products ranked by validation data
-
Abcam proteins for EXD1
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for EXD1 Gene
Domains & Families for EXD1 Gene
Gene Families for EXD1 Gene
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein Domains for EXD1 Gene
- InterPro:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for EXD1 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- cDNA FLJ55584 (B7Z839_HUMAN)
- Exonuclease 3'-5' domain-like-containing protein 1 (EXD1_HUMAN)
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q8NHP7UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
EXD1_HUMAN :- The 3'-5' exonuclease domain lacks the conserved Asp-Glu-Asp-Asp (DEDD) residues that coordinates divalent ions essential for exonuclease activity.
- Belongs to the EXD1 family.
- Domain:
-
- The 3'-5' exonuclease domain lacks the conserved Asp-Glu-Asp-Asp (DEDD) residues that coordinates divalent ions essential for exonuclease activity.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the EXD1 family.
Function for EXD1 Gene
Molecular function for EXD1 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- RNA-binding component of the PET complex, a multiprotein complex required for the processing of piRNAs during spermatogenesis. The piRNA metabolic process mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposable elements, preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity (By similarity). The PET complex is required during the secondary piRNAs metabolic process for the PIWIL2 slicing-triggered loading of PIWIL4 piRNAs. In the PET complex, EXD1 probably acts as an RNA adapter. EXD1 is an inactive exonuclease (By similarity).
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for EXD1 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003676 | nucleic acid binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0003723 | RNA binding | ISS | -- |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 25416956 |
| GO:0008408 | NOT 3'-5' exonuclease activity | IEA,ISS | -- |
| GO:0042803 | protein homodimerization activity | ISS | -- |
Phenotypes for EXD1 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for EXD1:
- inferred from 2 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for EXD1:
Animal Models for EXD1 Gene
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for EXD1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * EXD1 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for EXD1
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for EXD1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for EXD1
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for EXD1
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For EXD1
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for EXD1
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for EXD1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * EXD1 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for EXD1
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for EXD1
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for EXD1
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for EXD1 Gene
Localization for EXD1 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for EXD1 Gene
- Cytoplasm. Note=Component of the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon activity during meiosis. {ECO:0000250 UniProtKB:H9IUR0}.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| nucleus | 2 |
| cytosol | 2 |
| extracellular | 1 |
| cytoskeleton | 1 |
| mitochondrion | 1 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IEA | -- |
| GO:0043186 | P granule | ISS | -- |
| GO:1990923 | PET complex | IEA,ISS | -- |
No data available for Subcellular locations from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for EXD1 Gene
Pathways & Interactions for EXD1 Gene
Interacting Proteins for EXD1 Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
Q8NHP7-EXD1_HUMAN
ENSP00000415056
for EXD1 Gene via
UniProtKB
STRING
IID
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for EXD1
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006139 | nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process | IEA | -- |
| GO:0031047 | gene silencing by RNA | ISS | -- |
| GO:0034587 | piRNA metabolic process | IEA,ISS | -- |
| GO:0051321 | meiotic cell cycle | IEA | -- |
| GO:0090305 | nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis | IEA | -- |
No data available for Pathways by source and SIGNOR curated interactions for EXD1 Gene
Transcripts for EXD1 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for EXD1 Gene
- 2 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 5 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 5 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000314992 2942 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000458580 2177 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000558396 483 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000558881 2293 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000559743 601 nts (view in UCSC)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for EXD1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * EXD1 CRISPR as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for EXD1
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for EXD1
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for EXD1
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for EXD1
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For EXD1
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for EXD1
Clone Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): Clones for EXD1 - Select products 50% OFF >
- * EXD1 as ready-to-use vector or virus: ORF | Lenti- | Retro- | Adeno- | AAV- | Protein Vector - Browse All
- * Gene synthesis, site-directed mutagenesis, subcloning, and more services - Browse All
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for EXD1
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for EXD1
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | · | 1c | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | ^ | 6a | · | 6b | · | 6c | ^ | 7 | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | - | - |
Relevant External Links for EXD1 Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- EXD1
Expression for EXD1 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
-
Testis (Reproductive System)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for EXD1 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Testis (x47.3).
This gene is overexpressed in Cerebrospinal fluid (67.8).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for EXD1 Gene
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for EXD1
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for EXD1 Gene:
Hs.307999Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for EXD1 Gene
- Nervous system(4.2)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for EXD1
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for EXD1
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for EXD1 Gene
Orthologs for EXD1 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | EXD1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | EXD1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | EXD1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Exd1 30 |
|
||
| Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Exd1 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | EXD1 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | EXD1 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | EXD1 30 |
|
||
| Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | EXD1 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | exd1 30 |
|
||
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | exd1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | egl 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | egal-1 31 |
|
OneToOne |
- Species where no ortholog for EXD1 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- Corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
- Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa)
- Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
- Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
- Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- Soybean (Glycine max)
- Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Evolution for EXD1 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for EXD1 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for EXD1 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for EXD1: view image
Paralogs for EXD1 Gene
Variants for EXD1 Gene
Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for EXD1 Gene
| SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 15 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs522063 | - | p.Thr489Ala |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| dgv4499n54 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| nsv1039906 | CNV | loss | 25217958 |
| nsv1129379 | OTHER | inversion | 24896259 |
| nsv1138357 | CNV | deletion | 24896259 |
| nsv476391 | CNV | novel sequence insertion | 20440878 |
| nsv569231 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| nsv958016 | CNV | deletion | 24416366 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
37.6% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
1.53;
29.77% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for EXD1 Gene
- SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
- EXD1
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for EXD1 Gene
Disorders for EXD1 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome 3 |
|
|
| cerebral creatine deficiency syndrome |
|
|
Search EXD1 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for EXD1
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
- Open Targets Platform
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for EXD1 Gene
Publications for EXD1 Gene
- Exonuclease Domain-Containing 1 Enhances MIWI2 piRNA Biogenesis via Its Interaction with TDRD12. (PMID: 30257204) Pandey RR … Pillai RS (Cell reports 2018) 2 3
- PIWI Slicing and EXD1 Drive Biogenesis of Nuclear piRNAs from Cytosolic Targets of the Mouse piRNA Pathway. (PMID: 26669262) Yang Z … Pillai RS (Molecular cell 2016) 2 3
- Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score. (PMID: 20379614) Rose JE … Uhl GR (Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 2010) 3 41
- A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. (PMID: 32296183) Luck K … Calderwood MA (Nature 2020) 3
- A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. (PMID: 25416956) Rolland T … Vidal M (Cell 2014) 3
ExternalLinks
Products for EXD1 Gene
- Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for EXD1
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for EXD1
- Origene Custom Protein Services for EXD1
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for EXD1
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For EXD1
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for EXD1
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for EXD1
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for EXD1
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Browse OriGene miRNA Products For EXD1
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for EXD1
- Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
- Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
- Browse Sino Biological Antibodies
- Browse Sino Biological Assays
- Browse cDNA Clones
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Browse CRO Services
- High-throughput Antibody Production Service
- Protein Production Service
- Epitope Tag Antibodies & Reporter Protein Antibodies
- Lentiviral ORF Clones
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for EXD1
- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for EXD1
- Browse Antibodies
- Browse Peptides and Proteins
- Browse Lysates
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Abcam proteins for EXD1
- Find your target
- Browse Primary Antibodies
- Browse Conjugated Primary Antibodies
- Browse Secondary Antibodies
- Browse ELISA Kits
- Browse Matched Antibody Pairs
- Browse Proteins and Peptides
- Search Knockout (KO) Validated Antibodies
- Browse Monoclonal Antibodies
- Browse Recombinant Antibodies
- Invitrogen Antibodies for EXD1 (AFLGC-EXD1)
- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for EXD1 (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for EXD1 (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder CRISPR vectors for EXD1 (ie. knockout, knockin, CRISPRa, CRISPRi)
- VectorBuilder Virus packaging for EXD1 CRISPR vectors (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder Stable cell line generation for EXD1
- antibodies-online: Show 13 available EXD1 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Search results for available EXD1 related products ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Search results for available EXD1 related products ranked by validation data
- Horizon Cell Lines for EXD1
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for EXD1
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for EXD1
- Search GeneCopoeia for miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for EXD1
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for EXD1
- Biorbyt antibodies for EXD1
Sources for EXD1 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
- (45) GenBank
- (46) HORDE
- (47) HUGE
- (48) IMGT
- (49) Leiden
- (50) miRBase
- (51) DME
- (52) OriGene
- (53) PubMed
- (54) R&D Systems
- (55) TGDB
- (56) Tocris
- (57) Abcam
- (58) Novus Biologicals
- (59) ProSpec
- (60) Sino Biological
- (61) GenScript
- (62) Qiagen
- (63) OCA
- (64) Proteopedia
- (65) MOPED
- (66) neXtProt
- (67) Reactome
- (68) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (69) DISEASES
- (70) SIMAP
- (71) GenomeRNAi
- (72) LifeMap
- (73) miRTarBase
- (74) MalaCards
- (75) Invitrogen
- (76) BitterDB
- (77) ESI-BIO
- (78) RefSeq
- (79) BioSystems
- (80) MaxQB
- (81) IUPHAR
- (82) BioGPS
- (83) Illumina
- (84) COMPARTMENTS
- (85) HOMER
- (86) PaxDb
- (87) ApexBio
- (88) Addgene
- (89) antibodies-online
- (90) CYP
- (91) NONCODE
- (92) TreeFam
- (93) PathCards
- (94) GeneReviews
- (95) GeneTex
- (96) Taconic Biosciences
- (97) GTEx
- (98) ProteomicsDB
- (99) SCBT
- (100) DGIdb
- (101) ClinicalTrials
- (102) RVIS
- (103) SIGNOR
- (104) diseasecard
- (105) NIH Rare Diseases
- (106) Orphanet
- (107) UMLS
- (108) GTR
- (109) Disease Ontology
- (110) Genetics Home Reference
- (111) MeSH
- (112) MedlinePlus
- (113) CDC
- (114) NINDS
- (115) NCBI Bookshelf
- (116) ClinVar
- (117) Gene Damage Index
- (118) HPO
- (119) UDN
- (120) VISTA
- (121) FANTOM5
- (122) ENCODE
- (123) ProSci
- (124) Horizon
- (125) The Signaling Pathways Project (SPP)
- (126) IID
- (127) VectorBuilder
- (128) SNPedia
- (129) BRCA Exchange
- (130) CIViC
- (131) ProteoGenix
- (132) dbSUPER
- (133) TISSUES
- (134) Gene ORGANizer
- (135) abm
- (136) Human Protein Atlas
- (137) GWAS Catalog
- (138) Monarch Initiative
- (139) DataMed
- (140) HumanCyc
- (141) UCNEbase
- (142) EPDnew
- (143) Applied Biosystems
- (144) GlyConnect
- (145) Aminode
- (146) GeneCopoeia
- (147) GPS-Prot
- (148) RNACentral
- (149) LncRNADisease
- (150) LOVD
- (151) miR2Disease
- (152) DiseaseEnhancer
- (153) Boster Bio
- (154) Biorbyt
- (155) Biocompare
- (156) Mastermind
- (157) CTD^2 Dashboard
- (158) CraniofacialAtlas
- (159) GeneImprint
- (160) Synthego
- (161) ENA
- (162) GtRNAdb
- (163) LncBase
- (164) LncBook
- (165) LNCipedia
- (166) Modomics
- (167) PDBe
- (168) Rfam
- (169) SILVA
- (170) snOPY
- (171) SRPDB
- (172) GENCODE
- (173) TarBase
- (174) Signalway Antibody
- (175) Open Targets Platform
- (176) 5SRRNADB
- (177) snoDB
- (178) MirGeneDB