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The DPP4 gene encodes dipeptidyl peptidase 4, which is identical to adenosine deaminase complexing protein-2, and to the T-cell activation antigen CD26. It is an intrinsic type II transmembrane glycoprotein and a serine exopeptidase that cleaves X-proline dipeptides from the N-terminus of polypeptides. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is highly involved in glucose and insulin metabolism, as well as in immune regulation. This protein was shown to be a functional receptor for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and protein modeling suggests that it may play a similar role with SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2020]
DPP4 (Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with DPP4 include Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and Nasopharyngitis. Among its related pathways are Collagen chain trimerization and Incretin synthesis, secretion, and inactivation. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include protein homodimerization activity and signaling receptor binding. An important paralog of this gene is FAP.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP-IV) (also known as CD26) is a ubiquitous, membrane-bound enzyme that has several roles including in nutrition, metabolism, bone marrow mobilization, cancer growth, cell adhesion and within both the immune and endocrine systems.
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0001618 | virus receptor activity | IDA | 23486063 |
GO:0002020 | protease binding | IPI | 16651416 |
GO:0004177 | aminopeptidase activity | IEA | -- |
GO:0004252 | serine-type endopeptidase activity | EXP | 8100523 |
GO:0005102 | signaling receptor binding | IPI | 10900005 |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0005576 | extracellular region | TAS | -- |
GO:0005765 | lysosomal membrane | HDA | 17897319 |
GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | TAS | -- |
GO:0005925 | focal adhesion | HDA | 21423176 |
GO:0009986 | cell surface | IDA | 7594462 |
SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | Incretin synthesis, secretion, and inactivation | ||
2 | Collagen chain trimerization | ||
3 | Metabolism of proteins | ||
4 | Peptide hormone metabolism |
GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|---|
GO:0001662 | behavioral fear response | IEA | -- |
GO:0001666 | response to hypoxia | IDA | 16670267 |
GO:0006508 | proteolysis | IEA,IDA | 27198182 |
GO:0007155 | cell adhesion | IEA | -- |
GO:0008284 | positive regulation of cell proliferation | IDA | 17549790 |
Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Saxagliptin | Approved | Pharma | Target, inhibitor | Selective DPP4 inhibitor | 139 | |
Sitagliptin | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Target, inhibitor | 0 | ||
Vildagliptin | Approved, Investigational | Pharma | Target, inhibitor | 176 | ||
Linagliptin | Approved | Pharma | Target, inhibitor | 174 | ||
Alogliptin | Approved | Pharma | Target, inhibitor | 72 |
Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diprotin A |
|
90614-48-5 |
|
|
Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
Diprotin A | Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor | 90614-48-5 |
DPPI 1c hydrochloride | Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor | 866396-70-5 |
K 579 | Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor | 440100-64-1 |
NVP DPP 728 dihydrochloride | Potent, orally active dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor | 207556-62-5 |
PK 44 phosphate | Potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor | 1017682-66-4 |
Compound | Action | Cas Number |
---|---|---|
Alogliptin (SYR-322) | DPP-4 inhibitor,potent and highly selective | 850649-61-5 |
Glimepiride | Sulfonylurea compound | 93479-97-1 |
Linagliptin (BI-1356) | DDP-4 inhibitor,highly potent and competitive | 668270-12-0 |
NVP DPP 728 dihydrochloride | DPP-IV inhibitor | 247016-69-9 |
Saxagliptin | Selective DPP4 inhibitor | 361442-04-8 |
Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate | Potent DPP-4 inhibitor | 654671-77-9 |
Trelagliptin | DPP-4 inhibitor,long-acting and selective | 865759-25-7 |
Vildagliptin (LAF-237) | DPP-4 inhibitor | 274901-16-5 |
ExUns: | 1 | ^ | 2a | · | 2b | · | 2c | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4a | · | 4b | ^ | 5 | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | ^ | 8 | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10a | · | 10b | ^ | 11a | · | 11b | ^ | 12a | · | 12b | ^ | 13 | ^ | 14a | · | 14b | ^ | 15 | ^ | 16 | ^ | 17 | ^ | 18 | ^ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SP1: | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP2: | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP3: | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP4: | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP5: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP6: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP7: | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP8: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP9: | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP10: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP11: | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP12: | - |
ExUns: | 19 | ^ | 20 | ^ | 21 | ^ | 22 | ^ | 23a | · | 23b | ^ | 24 | ^ | 25 | ^ | 26 | ^ | 27 | ^ | 28 | ^ | 29 | ^ | 30 | ^ | 31 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SP1: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP2: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP3: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP4: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP5: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP6: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP7: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP8: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP9: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP10: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP11: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SP12: |
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals and fungi.
Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | DPP4 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | DPP4 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Dpp4 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Dpp4 30 |
|
||
Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
DPP4 31 |
|
OneToMany | |||
Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | DPP4 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | DPP4 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | DPP4 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | DPP4 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | dpp4 30 |
|
||
Str.19218 30 |
|
||||
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) |
Amphibia | LOC397888 30 |
|
||
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | dpp4 30 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
fap 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | CG11034 30 31 32 |
|
ManyToMany | |
CG11319 31 32 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
ome 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
CG9059 31 32 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | AgaP_AGAP008176 30 |
|
||
Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) |
Secernentea | dpf-2 30 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
C27C12.7 32 |
|
|
|||
T23F1.7a 32 |
|
|
|||
T23F1.7b 32 |
|
|
|||
dpf-1 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) |
Saccharomycetes | DAP2 30 31 33 |
|
ManyToMany | |
STE13 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis) |
Saccharomycetes | KLLA0E11485g 30 |
|
||
A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii) |
Saccharomycetes | AGOS_ACR073C 30 |
|
||
Bread mold (Neurospora crassa) |
Ascomycetes | NCU02515 30 |
|
||
Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) |
Schizosaccharomycetes | SPACUNK4.08 30 |
|
||
Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
-- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
-- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis) |
Ascidiacea | Cin.1344 30 |
|
SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 02 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
708761 | Benign: not provided | 162,008,614(-) | G/A | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT | |
710726 | Benign: not provided | 162,009,238(-) | C/T | INTRON_VARIANT | |
715707 | Benign: not provided | 162,008,558(-) | A/G | INTRON_VARIANT | |
732560 | Likely Benign: not provided | 162,014,416(-) | T/C | SYNONYMOUS_VARIANT | |
742393 | Likely Benign: not provided | 162,019,216(-) | C/T | INTRON_VARIANT |
Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
---|---|---|
middle east respiratory syndrome |
|
|
nasopharyngitis |
|
|
covid-19 |
|
|
angioedema |
|
|
mental depression |
|
|