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CCL2 Gene(Protein Coding)

C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2

GCID:
GC17P034255
GIFtS:
55
Genes Participants
UDN Logo

Aliases for CCL2 Gene

Subcategory (RNA class) for CCL2 Gene

lncRNA

Aliases for CCL2 Gene

  • C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 2 3 5
  • Monocyte Chemotactic And Activating Factor 2 3 4
  • Monocyte Secretory Protein JE 2 3 4
  • Small Inducible Cytokine A2 (Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1, Homologous To Mouse Sig-Je) 2 3
  • Small Inducible Cytokine Subfamily A (Cys-Cys), Member 2 2 3
  • Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 2 3
  • Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 3 4
  • Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 2 2 3
  • Small-Inducible Cytokine A2 3 4
  • SCYA2 3 4
  • MCP-1 3 4
  • HC11 3 4
  • MCAF 3 4
  • MCP1 3 4
  • Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1, Homologous To Mouse Sig-Je 2
  • Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 4
  • C-C Motif Chemokine 2 3
  • HSMCR30 3
  • GDCF-2 3
  • SMC-CF 3

External Ids for CCL2 Gene

ORGUL Members for CCL2 Gene

Previous HGNC Symbols for CCL2 Gene

  • SCYA2

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for CCL2 Gene

  • GC17P032352
  • GC17P034621
  • GC17P032727
  • GC17P029606
  • GC17P032582
  • GC17P028767

Summaries for CCL2 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for CCL2 Gene

  • This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines are a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine is a member of the CC subfamily which is characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. This cytokine displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It binds to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

GeneCards Summary for CCL2 Gene

CCL2 (C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2) is a Protein Coding gene, and is affiliated with the lncRNA class. Diseases associated with CCL2 include Neural Tube Defects and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. Among its related pathways are Akt Signaling and Rheumatoid arthritis. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include protein kinase activity and heparin binding. An important paralog of this gene is CCL7.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CCL2 Gene

  • Chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. Augments monocyte anti-tumor activity. Has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis or atherosclerosis. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis.

Gene Wiki entry for CCL2 Gene

Additional gene information for CCL2 Gene

No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for CCL2 Gene

Genomics for CCL2 Gene

Products:

  1. Regulatory Element

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for CCL2 Gene

Promoters and enhancers for CCL2 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Identifier GH Type GH
Score		 GH Sources Gene Association Score Total Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor
Binding Sites		 Gene Targets
GH17J034245 Promoter/Enhancer 2.6 EPDnew FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 656.8 -2.3 -2307 14 PKNOX1 SIN3A ZNF335 GLIS2 EGR1 FOS RUNX3 CREM RXRA ELF1 CCL2 CCL7 CCL11 CCL1 CCL8 ASIC2 GC17M034278
GH17J034387 Enhancer 1.4 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 44.3 +132.2 132238 0.9 ATF1 FOSL1 ZNF316 VEZF1 SCRT2 NFE2 ATF7 CREM SMARCE1 MTA2 CCL1 CCL2 CCL7 CCL8 GC17M034364 GC17P034357 GC17P034446
GH17J034386 Enhancer 0.8 FANTOM5 dbSUPER 43.8 +131.5 131516 0.2 ZNF148 ZNF316 ZKSCAN8 ZBTB11 CREB1 ATF7 ZNF395 CCL1 CCL2 GC17M034364 GC17P034357 GC17P034446
GH17J034233 Enhancer 1.3 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 17.8 -19.8 -19804 3.2 FOXA2 RXRA MAX REST ZIC2 RAD21 FOXA1 YY1 NR2F2 GABPA CCL2 CCL1 CCL7 CCL8 GC17M034278 GC17P034213
GH17J034412 Enhancer 1.5 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 13.9 +158.0 157951 1.8 PKNOX1 TAF9B NFRKB TCF12 CAVIN1 ELF1 ZNF592 ZNF148 MEF2D MAFF CCL2 CCL7 TMEM132E C17orf102 LIG3 ASIC2 CCL1 CCL8 GC17P034446 GC17M034364
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around CCL2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the CCL2 gene promoter:
  • STAT1
  • AP-1
  • c-Fos
  • c-Jun

Genomic Locations for CCL2 Gene

Genomic Locations for CCL2 Gene
chr17:34,255,218-34,257,203
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
1,986 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand
chr17:32,582,296-32,584,222
(GRCh37/hg19)
Size:
1,927 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

Genomic View for CCL2 Gene

Genes around CCL2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
CCL2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for CCL2 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for CCL2 Gene

Proteins for CCL2 Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for CCL2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    P13500-CCL2_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    C-C motif chemokine 2
    Protein Accession:
    P13500
    Secondary Accessions:
    • B2R4V3
    • Q9UDF3

    Protein attributes for CCL2 Gene

    Size:
    99 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    11025 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • Monomer or homodimer; in equilibrium. Binds to CCR2 and CCR4. Is tethered on endothelial cells by glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains of proteoglycans.

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for CCL2 Gene

neXtProt entry for CCL2 Gene

Protein Expression for CCL2 Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Post-translational modifications for CCL2 Gene

  • Processing at the N-terminus can regulate receptor and target cell selectivity. Deletion of the N-terminal residue converts it from an activator of basophil to an eosinophil chemoattractant.
  • Glycosylation at Asn37

Other Protein References for CCL2 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Antibody Products

  • Abcam antibodies for CCL2

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for CCL2 Gene

Domains & Families for CCL2 Gene

Gene Families for CCL2 Gene

HGNC:
Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Cancer-related genes
  • Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
  • FDA approved drug targets
  • Plasma proteins
  • Predicted secreted proteins

Protein Domains for CCL2 Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for CCL2 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

P13500

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

CCL2_HUMAN :
  • Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
Family:
  • Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with CCL2: view

Function for CCL2 Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line

Molecular function for CCL2 Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Chemotactic factor that attracts monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. Augments monocyte anti-tumor activity. Has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis or atherosclerosis. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
Up-regulated upon hypertonic conditions (PubMed:23233732). In pancreatic islets, secretion is stimulated by IL1B (PubMed:23955712).

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for CCL2 Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for CCL2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0004672 protein kinase activity TAS 9973507
GO:0005102 signaling receptor binding TAS 10542238
GO:0005125 cytokine activity IEA --
GO:0005515 protein binding IPI 26095031
GO:0008009 chemokine activity TAS,IBA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with CCL2: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with CCL2: view

Animal Models for CCL2 Gene

MGI Knock Outs for CCL2:

Animal Model Products

  • Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for CCL2

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for CCL2

No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for CCL2 Gene

Localization for CCL2 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CCL2 Gene

Secreted.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for CCL2 gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 5
nucleus 3
plasma membrane 2
cytoskeleton 2
mitochondrion 2
peroxisome 2
endoplasmic reticulum 2
cytosol 2
lysosome 2
endosome 1

Subcellular locations from the

Human Protein Atlas (HPA)
  • Golgi apparatus (2)
  • Vesicles (2)
See all subcellular structures

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for CCL2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005576 extracellular region IDA,TAS --
GO:0005615 extracellular space IBA,TAS --
GO:0005622 intracellular IEA --
GO:0005623 cell IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with CCL2: view

Pathways & Interactions for CCL2 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with CCL2: view

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for CCL2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0000165 MAPK cascade IMP 21147091
GO:0001525 angiogenesis TAS 18334747
GO:0002548 monocyte chemotaxis IDA 12207323
GO:0006468 protein phosphorylation TAS 9670957
GO:0006935 chemotaxis TAS 10623817
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with CCL2: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for CCL2 Gene

Drugs & Compounds for CCL2 Gene

Products:

  1. Drug

(85) Drugs for CCL2 Gene - From: DrugBank, PharmGKB, DGIdb, HMDB, and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Danazol Approved Pharma Target, inhibitor 19
Mimosine Approved Pharma Target, inhibitor 0
atorvastatin Approved Pharma Competitive, Inhibitor 0
Simvastatin Approved Pharma Competitive, Inhibitor HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor 537
Chondroitin sulfate Approved, Investigational Nutra Target 0

(70) Additional Compounds for CCL2 Gene - From: Novoseek

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with CCL2: view

Transcripts for CCL2 Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone

mRNA/cDNA for CCL2 Gene

(1) REFSEQ mRNAs :
(9) Additional mRNA sequences :
(231) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
(4) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :

Unigene Clusters for CCL2 Gene

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2:
Representative Sequences:

CRISPR Products

Inhibitory RNA Products

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for CCL2

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for CCL2 Gene

ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3a · 3b
SP1:
SP2:

Relevant External Links for CCL2 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
CCL2
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for
CCL2

Expression for CCL2 Gene

Products:

  1. Primer
  2. Gene Expression Assay

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and CGAP SAGE for CCL2 Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for CCL2 Gene
mRNA expression by GTEx for CCL2 GenemRNA expression by BioGPS for CCL2 Gene

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for CCL2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Adipose - Visceral (Omentum) (x4.0).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for CCL2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Amniocyte (39.5) and Islet of Langerhans (29.5).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for CCL2 Gene



Protein tissue co-expression partners for CCL2 Gene

NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of CCL2 Gene:

CCL2

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for CCL2 Gene:

Hs.303649

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for CCL2 Gene:

P13500-CCL2_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Expressed in the seminal plasma, endometrial fluid and follicular fluid (at protein level).

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for CCL2 Gene

  • Pancreas(4.6)
  • Blood(4.1)
  • Heart(3.7)
  • Nervous system(3.7)
  • Kidney(3.6)
  • Lung(3.6)
  • Liver(3.4)
  • Intestine(3.3)
  • Lymph node(3.3)
  • Muscle(3.3)
  • Skin(3.2)
  • Spleen(3.2)
  • Bone marrow(3.1)
  • Eye(2.7)
  • Gall bladder(2.2)
  • Urine(2.2)
  • Stomach(2.1)
  • Bone(2)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with CCL2: view

No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for CCL2 Gene

Orthologs for CCL2 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of mammals.

Orthologs for CCL2 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia CCL2 34 33
  • 98.65 (n)
 OneToOne
dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia CCL2 34 33
  • 84.37 (n)
 OneToOne
cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia CCL2 34 33
  • 81.29 (n)
 OneToOne
mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Ccl12 16 33
  • 74.49 (n)
Ccl2 34
  • 36 (a)
 OneToOne
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Ccl12 33
  • 74.36 (n)
platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia -- 34
  • 46 (a)
 ManyToMany
-- 34
  • 43 (a)
 ManyToMany
oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia -- 34
  • 44 (a)
 ManyToMany
-- 34
  • 39 (a)
 ManyToMany
-- 34
  • 20 (a)
 ManyToMany
Species where no ortholog for CCL2 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • chicken (Gallus gallus)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
  • green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • honey bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
  • loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
  • malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • pig (Sus scrofa)
  • rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • rice (Oryza sativa)
  • rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • soybean (Glycine max)
  • stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
  • wheat (Triticum aestivum)
  • worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
  • zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Evolution for CCL2 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for CCL2 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for CCL2 (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for CCL2: view image

Paralogs for CCL2 Gene

Paralogs for CCL2 Gene

(26) SIMAP similar genes for CCL2 Gene using alignment to 2 proteins:

  • CCL2_HUMAN
  • J3KRT7_HUMAN
genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with CCL2: view

Variants for CCL2 Gene

Products:

  1. SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay

Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for CCL2 Gene

CCL2_HUMAN-P13500
Genetic variations in CCL2 determine Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility [MIM:607948].

Sequence variations from dbSNP and Humsavar for CCL2 Gene

SNP ID Clin Chr 17 pos Variation AA Info Type
rs1000097225 -- 34,254,063(+) G/A/T upstream_transcript_variant
rs1003064174 -- 34,254,653(+) G/A upstream_transcript_variant
rs1003236569 -- 34,257,364(+) C/T downstream_transcript_variant
rs1003310038 -- 34,257,642(+) G/A/C downstream_transcript_variant
rs1004292278 -- 34,254,684(+) G/C upstream_transcript_variant

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for CCL2 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
dgv3141n100 CNV gain 25217958
esv3572553 CNV gain 25503493
nsv517423 CNV gain+loss 19592680
nsv519297 CNV gain 19592680
nsv574714 CNV gain 21841781

Variation tolerance for CCL2 Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 59.4% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 0.09; 2.14% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for CCL2 Gene

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
CCL2
SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
CCL2

SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products

Disorders for CCL2 Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(119) MalaCards diseases for CCL2 Gene - From: HGMD, OMIM, ClinVar, GTR, DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards

Disorder Aliases PubMed IDs
neural tube defects
  • neural tube defects, susceptibility to
human immunodeficiency virus type 1
  • human immunodeficiency virus type 1, susceptibility to
proliferative glomerulonephritis
arthritis
  • inflammatory disorder of joint
anthracosis
  • pneumoconiosis
- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards
Search CCL2 in MalaCards View complete list of genes associated with diseases

Additional Disease Information for CCL2

Genetic Association Database
(GAD)
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with CCL2: view

No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for CCL2 Gene

Publications for CCL2 Gene

  1. A functional promoter polymorphism in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is associated with increased susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis. (PMID: 16352737) Flores-Villanueva PO … Granados J (The Journal of experimental medicine 2005) 3 4 22 44 58
  2. Connections between genetics and clinical data: Role of MCP-1, CFTR, and SPINK-1 in the setting of acute, acute recurrent, and chronic pancreatitis. (PMID: 19844201) Cavestro GM … Di Mario F (The American journal of gastroenterology 2010) 3 22 44 58
  3. CCL2 and CCR2 polymorphisms are associated with markers of exercise-induced skeletal muscle damage. (PMID: 20339010) Hubal MJ … Clarkson PM (Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 2010) 3 22 44 58
  4. MCP1 -2518 polymorphism and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwanese men. (PMID: 20497022) Liu SF … Lin MC (Experimental lung research 2010) 3 22 44 58
  5. Analysis of inflammation- and atherosclerosis-related gene polymorphisms in branch retinal vein occlusion. (PMID: 19347053) Steinbrugger I … Weger M (Molecular vision 2009) 3 22 44 58

Products for CCL2 Gene

  • Addgene plasmids for CCL2

Sources for CCL2 Gene

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