ASIP Gene (Protein Coding)

Agouti Signaling Protein

GC20P034194
GIFtS:
38
In mice, the agouti gene encodes a paracrine signaling molecule that causes hair follicle melanocytes to synthesize pheomelanin, a yellow pigment, instead of the black or brown pigment, eumelanin. Pleiotropic effects of constitutive expression of the mouse gene include adult-onset obesity, increased tumor susceptibility, and premature infertility. This gene is highly similar to... See more...

Aliases for ASIP Gene

Aliases for ASIP Gene

  • Agouti Signaling Protein 2 3 5
  • ASP 2 3 4
  • Agouti-Signaling Protein 3 4
  • Agouti Switch Protein 3 4
  • AGTIL 3 4
  • AGTI 3 4
  • Agouti Signaling Protein, Nonagouti Homolog (Mouse) 2
  • Agouti Signaling Protein, Nonagouti Homolog 3
  • Agouti (Mouse)-Signaling Protein 2
  • Nonagouti Homolog (Mouse) 2
  • Nonagouti Homolog 3
  • SHEP9 3
  • AGSW 3
  • ASIP 5

External Ids for ASIP Gene

Previous HGNC Symbols for ASIP Gene

  • AGTIL

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for ASIP Gene

  • GC20P032606
  • GC20P033516
  • GC20P033563
  • GC20P032312
  • GC20P032848
  • GC20P029629
  • GC20P032783
  • GC20P032785
  • GC20P032790

Summaries for ASIP Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for ASIP Gene

  • In mice, the agouti gene encodes a paracrine signaling molecule that causes hair follicle melanocytes to synthesize pheomelanin, a yellow pigment, instead of the black or brown pigment, eumelanin. Pleiotropic effects of constitutive expression of the mouse gene include adult-onset obesity, increased tumor susceptibility, and premature infertility. This gene is highly similar to the mouse gene and encodes a secreted protein that may (1) affect the quality of hair pigmentation, (2) act as a pharmacological antagonist of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, (3) play a role in neuroendocrine aspects of melanocortin action, and (4) have a functional role in regulating lipid metabolism in adipocytes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GeneCards Summary for ASIP Gene

ASIP (Agouti Signaling Protein) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with ASIP include Skin/Hair/Eye Pigmentation, Variation In, 9 and Skin Carcinoma. Among its related pathways are Adipogenesis and Insulin-mediated glucose transport. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include signaling receptor binding and type 4 melanocortin receptor binding. An important paralog of this gene is AGRP.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for ASIP Gene

  • Involved in the regulation of melanogenesis. The binding of ASP to MC1R precludes alpha-MSH initiated signaling and thus blocks production of cAMP, leading to a down-regulation of eumelanogenesis (brown/black pigment) and thus increasing synthesis of pheomelanin (yellow/red pigment). In higher primates, agouti may affect the quality of hair pigmentation rather than its pattern of deposition. Could well play a role in neuroendocrine aspects of melanocortin action. May have some functional role in regulating the lipid metabolism with adipocytes.

Additional gene information for ASIP Gene

No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , Gene Wiki entry , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for ASIP Gene

Genomics for ASIP Gene

GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs

Download GeneHancer 2017 data
Promoters and enhancers for ASIP Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Identifier GH Type GH
Score		 GH Sources Gene Association Score Total Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor
Binding Sites		 Gene Targets
GH20J034186 Promoter/Enhancer 0.6 EPDnew Ensembl 250.7 -0.1 -80 0.4 GLIS1 ASIP HSALNG0129696 MAP1LC3A HSALNG0129694 EIF2S2
GH20J034260 Promoter 0.5 EPDnew 250.2 +73.8 73825 0.1 PAF1 XRCC5 ASIP LOC729557 lnc-AHCY-3 lnc-AHCY-7 ENSG00000236456 ENSG00000250917 AHCY
GH20J033731 Promoter/Enhancer 2.5 EPDnew FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE CraniofacialAtlas 6.2 -453.3 -453265 4.1 CHD2 ZBTB10 MXD4 CEBPA NR2C1 DEK SMAD5 MBD2 ZNF217 CTCF ENSG00000229188 ZNF341 piR-48070 CBFA2T2 CDK5RAP1 ASIP ZNF341-AS1 FJ601684-270 CHMP4B
GH20J033672 Promoter/Enhancer 2.3 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE CraniofacialAtlas dbSUPER 4.7 -512.1 -512136 4.5 CHD2 TBP MXD4 IKZF1 SMAD5 POLR2A ELF1 NONO ZIC2 KDM6A ENSG00000271803 NECAB3 lnc-E2F1-1 CBFA2T2 PXMP4 ZNF341 ENSG00000229188 E2F1 ZNF341-AS1 ASIP
GH20J033400 Promoter/Enhancer 2.1 EPDnew Ensembl ENCODE CraniofacialAtlas 4.4 -785.3 -785292 2.8 ZSCAN16 CHD2 TBP ZBTB10 SP1 BCL11A MXD4 FEZF1 CEBPA SIX5 CDK5RAP1 CBFA2T2 HSALNG0129634 lnc-SNTA1-3 ZNF341-AS1 BAK1P1 ASIP piR-55648-055 BPIFB1
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication | Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)

GeneHancers around ASIP on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path

Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for ASIP

Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the ASIP gene promoter:
  • AML1a
  • CREB
  • deltaCREB
  • E47
  • NF-E2
  • NF-E2 p45
  • POU2F1
  • POU2F1a
  • Zic3

Genomic Locations for ASIP Gene

Latest Assembly
chr20:34,186,493-34,269,344
(GRCh38/hg38)
Size:
82,852 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

Previous Assembly
chr20:32,782,368-32,857,150
(GRCh37/hg19 by Entrez Gene)
Size:
74,783 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

chr20:32,782,375-32,857,150
(GRCh37/hg19 by Ensembl)
Size:
74,776 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

Genomic View for ASIP Gene

Genes around ASIP on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
ASIP Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for ASIP Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for ASIP Gene

Proteins for ASIP Gene

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  1. Antibodies for research
  2. Protein products for research
  3. Assay products for research

  • Protein details for ASIP Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    P42127-ASIP_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Agouti-signaling protein
    Protein Accession:
    P42127
    Secondary Accessions:
    • Q3SXL2

    Protein attributes for ASIP Gene

    Size:
    132 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    14515 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    No Data Available

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for ASIP Gene

neXtProt entry for ASIP Gene

Post-translational modifications for ASIP Gene

  • Glycosylation at Asn39
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

Other Protein References for ASIP Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for ASIP Gene

Domains & Families for ASIP Gene

Gene Families for ASIP Gene

Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
  • Predicted secreted proteins

Protein Domains for ASIP Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
  • Agouti
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for ASIP Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
  • Agouti switch protein (ASIP_HUMAN)

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

P42127

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

ASIP_HUMAN :
  • The presence of a 'disulfide through disulfide knot' structurally defines this protein as a knottin.
Domain:
  • The presence of a 'disulfide through disulfide knot' structurally defines this protein as a knottin.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with ASIP: view

Function for ASIP Gene

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  2. CRISPR products for research
  3. miRNA products for research
  4. Inhibitory RNAs for research
  5. Clone products for research
  6. Cell Lines for research

Molecular function for ASIP Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Involved in the regulation of melanogenesis. The binding of ASP to MC1R precludes alpha-MSH initiated signaling and thus blocks production of cAMP, leading to a down-regulation of eumelanogenesis (brown/black pigment) and thus increasing synthesis of pheomelanin (yellow/red pigment). In higher primates, agouti may affect the quality of hair pigmentation rather than its pattern of deposition. Could well play a role in neuroendocrine aspects of melanocortin action. May have some functional role in regulating the lipid metabolism with adipocytes.
GENATLAS Biochemistry:
murine agouti (A) signaling protein,homolog,also antagonizing MC4R,predominantly expressed in skin,testis,ovary,heart,melanocortin receptor (MC1R) antagonist

Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for ASIP Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for ASIP Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005102 signaling receptor binding TAS 7757071
GO:0005184 neuropeptide hormone activity IBA 21873635
GO:0031779 melanocortin receptor binding IBA 21873635
GO:0031781 type 3 melanocortin receptor binding IEA --
GO:0031782 type 4 melanocortin receptor binding IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with ASIP: view
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with ASIP: view

Animal Models for research

miRNA for ASIP Gene

miRTarBase miRNAs that target ASIP

Inhibitory RNAs for research

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for ASIP

No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for ASIP Gene

Localization for ASIP Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for ASIP Gene

Secreted.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for ASIP gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 5
plasma membrane 1
cytoskeleton 1
mitochondrion 1
nucleus 1
endoplasmic reticulum 1
cytosol 1
lysosome 1

Subcellular locations from the

Human Protein Atlas (HPA)
  • Vesicles (3)
See all subcellular structures

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for ASIP Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005576 extracellular region IEA --
GO:0005615 extracellular space TAS,IBA 21873635
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with ASIP: view

Pathways & Interactions for ASIP Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with ASIP: view

Pathways by source for ASIP Gene

2 BioSystems pathways for ASIP Gene
1 KEGG pathway for ASIP Gene

SIGNOR curated interactions for ASIP Gene

Activates:
Inactivates:

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for ASIP Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0006091 generation of precursor metabolites and energy TAS,IEA --
GO:0007165 signal transduction TAS 7757071
GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling TAS 7757071
GO:0008343 adult feeding behavior IEA --
GO:0009755 hormone-mediated signaling pathway IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with ASIP: view

Drugs & Compounds for ASIP Gene

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  1. Drug products for research

(3) Drugs for ASIP Gene - From: HMDB and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
cyclic amp Experimental Pharma 0

(4) Additional Compounds for ASIP Gene - From: Novoseek

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with ASIP: view

Transcripts for ASIP Gene

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  1. CRISPR products for research
  2. miRNA products for research
  3. Inhibitory RNAs for research
  4. Clone products for research

mRNA/cDNA for ASIP Gene

2 REFSEQ mRNAs :
3 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :

Inhibitory RNAs for research

  • Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for ASIP

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ASIP Gene

No ASD Table

Relevant External Links for ASIP Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
ASIP

Expression for ASIP Gene

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  1. Primer products for research
  2. Gene Expression Assays for research

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and SAGE for ASIP Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for ASIP Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for ASIP GenemRNA expression by GTEx for ASIP Gene

mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for ASIP Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Ovary (x19.0) and Heart - Left Ventricle (x9.3).

Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for ASIP

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for ASIP Gene:

Hs.659995

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for ASIP Gene:

P42127-ASIP_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Expressed in adipose tissue, testis, ovary and heart and at lower levels in liver, kidney and foreskin.

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for ASIP Gene

  • Skin(2.2)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with ASIP: view

Primer products for research

No data available for Protein differential expression in normal tissues , Protein expression , Protein tissue co-expression partners and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for ASIP Gene

Orthologs for ASIP Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.

Orthologs for ASIP Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
Chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia ASIP 30 31
  • 98.99 (n)
 OneToOne
Dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia ASIP 30 31
  • 86.26 (n)
 OneToOne
Cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia ASIP 30 31
  • 85.61 (n)
 OneToOne
Mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia a 30 17 31
  • 84.62 (n)
 OneToOne
Rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Asip 30
  • 83.85 (n)
Oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia ASIP 31
  • 52 (a)
 OneToOne
Chicken
(Gallus gallus)
 Aves ASIP 31
  • 40 (a)
 OneToOne
Zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii asip 31
  • 33 (a)
 OneToOne
Species where no ortholog for ASIP was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • Corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
  • Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • Lizard (Anolis carolinensis)
  • Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
  • Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • Pig (Sus scrofa)
  • Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
  • Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • Rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
  • Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • Soybean (Glycine max)
  • Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis)
  • Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
  • Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)

Evolution for ASIP Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for ASIP (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for ASIP (if available)
Aminode:
Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for ASIP: view image

Paralogs for ASIP Gene

Paralogs for ASIP Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with ASIP: view

Variants for ASIP Gene

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  1. SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assays for research

Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for ASIP Gene

ASIP_HUMAN-P42127
Genetic variants in ASIP define the skin/hair/eye pigmentation variation locus 9 (SHEP9) [MIM:611742]. Hair, eye and skin pigmentation are among the most visible examples of human phenotypic variation, with a broad normal range that is subject to substantial geographic stratification. In the case of skin, individuals tend to have lighter pigmentation with increasing distance from the equator. By contrast, the majority of variation in human eye and hair color is found among individuals of European ancestry, with most other human populations fixed for brown eyes and black hair.

Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for ASIP Gene

SNP ID Clinical significance and condition Chr 20 pos Variation AA Info Type
rs36093428 Benign: not provided 34,269,032(+) C/A
NM_001672.2(ASIP):c.264C>A (p.Pro88=) 		SYNONYMOUS
rs6058017 Association: Skin/hair/eye pigmentation, variation in, 9 34,269,192(+) A/G
NM_001672.2(ASIP):c.*25A>G 		THREE_PRIME_UTR
rs1129414 - p.Gln61Pro
rs2296151 - p.Val13Ala

dbSNP identifiers (rs#s) for variants without ClinVar clinical significance for ASIP Gene

All consequence types are included: molecular consequences (e.g. missense, synonymous), and location-based (e.g. intron, upstream).

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for ASIP Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
nsv1059756 CNV gain 25217958

Variation tolerance for ASIP Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 57.9% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 0.79; 16.69% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Additional Variant Information for ASIP Gene

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
ASIP
SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
ASIP

SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assays for research

Disorders for ASIP Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(11) MalaCards diseases for ASIP Gene - From: OMI, GTR, COP, and GCD

- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards
Search ASIP in MalaCards View complete list of genes associated with diseases

Additional Disease Information for ASIP

Genetic Association Database
(GAD)
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
(HuGE)
Atlas
ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Open Targets Platform
Open Targets Platform
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with ASIP: view

No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for ASIP Gene

Publications for ASIP Gene

  1. A polymorphism in the agouti signaling protein gene is associated with human pigmentation. (PMID: 11833005) Kanetsky PA … Rebbeck TR (American journal of human genetics 2002) 3 4 23 41
  2. Structure and function of ASP, the human homolog of the mouse agouti gene. (PMID: 7757071) Wilson BD … Barsh GS (Human molecular genetics 1995) 2 3 4 23
  3. Multiple pigmentation gene polymorphisms account for a substantial proportion of risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma. (PMID: 19710684) Duffy DL … Montgomery GW (The Journal of investigative dermatology 2010) 3 23 41
  4. Genetic variants in pigmentation genes, pigmentary phenotypes, and risk of skin cancer in Caucasians. (PMID: 19384953) Nan H … Han J (International journal of cancer 2009) 3 23 41
  5. The contribution of melanocortin 1 receptor gene polymorphisms and the agouti signalling protein gene 8818A>G polymorphism to cutaneous melanoma and basal cell carcinoma in a Polish population. (PMID: 18637131) Brudnik U … Kanas P (Experimental dermatology 2009) 3 23 41

ExternalLinks

View latest publications for ASIP gene in Mastermind

Products for ASIP Gene

Sources for ASIP Gene