Aliases for APOA4 Gene
External Ids for APOA4 Gene
- HGNC: 602
- Entrez Gene: 337
- Ensembl: ENSG00000110244
- OMIM: 107690
- UniProtKB: P06727
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for APOA4 Gene
- GC11M119044
- GC11M118203
- GC11M116725
- GC11M116229
- GC22P9A0027
- GC11M116198
- GC11M116692
- GC11M112623
Summaries for APOA4 Gene
-
Apoliprotein (apo) A-IV gene contains 3 exons separated by two introns. A sequence polymorphism has been identified in the 3'UTR of the third exon. The primary translation product is a 396-residue preprotein which after proteolytic processing is secreted its primary site of synthesis, the intestine, in association with chylomicron particles. Although its precise function is not known, apo A-IV is a potent activator of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase in vitro. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
GeneCards Summary for APOA4 Gene
APOA4 (Apolipoprotein A4) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with APOA4 include Carotenemia and Hypertriglyceridemia, Familial. Among its related pathways are Lipoprotein metabolism and Metabolism. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include protein homodimerization activity and copper ion binding. An important paralog of this gene is APOA5.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for APOA4 Gene
-
May have a role in chylomicrons and VLDL secretion and catabolism. Required for efficient activation of lipoprotein lipase by ApoC-II; potent activator of LCAT. Apoa-IV is a major component of HDL and chylomicrons.
No data available for CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for APOA4 Gene
Genomics for APOA4 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements for APOA4 Gene
Promoters and enhancers for APOA4 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data dump
GeneHancers around APOA4 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the APOA4 gene promoter:
-
- HNF-4alpha1
- COUP-TF1
- COUP-TF
- COUP
- HNF-4alpha2
- PPAR-gamma1
- PPAR-gamma2
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Locations for APOA4 Gene
Genomic Locations for APOA4 Gene
- chr11:116,820,700-116,823,306
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 2,607 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
- chr11:116,691,418-116,694,022
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 2,605 bases
- Orientation:
- Minus strand
Genomic View for APOA4 Gene
Genes around APOA4 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 11q23.3 by Entrez Gene
- 11q23.3 by HGNC
- 11q23.3 by Ensembl
APOA4 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for APOA4 Gene
Proteins for APOA4 Gene
-
Protein details for APOA4 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P06727-APOA4_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Apolipoprotein A-IV
- Protein Accession:
- P06727
- A8MSL6
- Q14CW8
- Q6Q787
Protein attributes for APOA4 Gene
- Size:
- 396 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 45399 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Homodimer.
Protein Expression for APOA4 Gene
Post-translational modifications for APOA4 Gene
- Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium.
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
- Modification sites at neXtProt
Other Protein References for APOA4 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- R&D Systems Antibodies for APOA4 (Apolipoprotein A-IV/ApoA4)
-
Custom Antibody ServicesOriGene Antibodies for APOA4
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- Invitrogen Antibodies for APOA4
- GeneTex APOA4 Antibody for APOA4
-
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-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for APOA4
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Protein Products
- R&D Systems Proteins and Enzymes for APOA4 (Apolipoprotein A-IV/ApoA4)
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for APOA4
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for APOA4
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- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for APOA4
- Sino Biological Cell Lysates for APOA4
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for APOA4
-
ProSci Proteins for APOA4
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for APOA4 Gene
Domains & Families for APOA4 Gene
Gene Families for APOA4 Gene
- HGNC:
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Candidate cardiovascular disease genes
- Plasma proteins
- Predicted secreted proteins
Protein Domains for APOA4 Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for APOA4 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
P06727UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
APOA4_HUMAN :- Nine of the thirteen 22-amino acid tandem repeats (each 22-mer is actually a tandem array of two, A and B, related 11-mers) occurring in this sequence are predicted to be highly alpha-helical, and many of these helices are amphipathic. They may therefore serve as lipid-binding domains with lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activating abilities.
- Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family.
- Domain:
-
- Nine of the thirteen 22-amino acid tandem repeats (each 22-mer is actually a tandem array of two, A and B, related 11-mers) occurring in this sequence are predicted to be highly alpha-helical, and many of these helices are amphipathic. They may therefore serve as lipid-binding domains with lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activating abilities.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family.
Function for APOA4 Gene
Molecular function for APOA4 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- May have a role in chylomicrons and VLDL secretion and catabolism. Required for efficient activation of lipoprotein lipase by ApoC-II; potent activator of LCAT. Apoa-IV is a major component of HDL and chylomicrons.
- GENATLAS Biochemistry:
- apolipoprotein A-IV,major component of HDL and chylomicrons,involved in the catabolism of chylomicrons and VLDL
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for APOA4 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005319 | lipid transporter activity | TAS | 3080432 |
| GO:0005507 | copper ion binding | IDA | 16945374 |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | IPI | 24311788 |
| GO:0005543 | phospholipid binding | IBA | -- |
| GO:0008289 | lipid binding | IMP | 16159879 |
Phenotypes for APOA4 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for APOA4:
- inferred from 1 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for APOA4:
-
- Dynamic nuclei (hole, folded or small irregular)
- Decreased viability in esophageal squamous lineage
- Decreased viability
- no effect
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- Decreased interferon-beta reporter expression
- Decreased human papilloma virus 16 (HPV16) pseudovirus infection
- Decreased free cholesterol
Animal Models for APOA4 Gene
- MGI Knock Outs for APOA4:
-
- Apoa4 Apoa4<tm1Bres>
Animal Model Products
-
Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for APOA4
- Cyagen custom Knockout/knockin (KOKI) mouse models for APOA4
-
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for APOA4
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- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for 146 available APOA4 gene related products
- Overview of 146 available APOA4 gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials CRISPR for APOA4
-
Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for APOA4
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miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
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- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for 146 available APOA4 gene related products
- Overview of 146 available APOA4 gene related products
Clone Products
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for APOA4
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for APOA4
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-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for APOA4
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for APOA4
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for APOA4
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for APOA4 Gene
Localization for APOA4 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for APOA4 Gene
- Secreted.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| extracellular | 5 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 5 |
| cytosol | 5 |
| endosome | 4 |
| cytoskeleton | 2 |
| peroxisome | 1 |
| nucleus | 1 |
- Vesicles (2)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005576 | extracellular region | IDA,TAS | -- |
| GO:0005615 | extracellular space | IEA,IDA | 1935934 |
| GO:0005769 | early endosome | TAS | -- |
| GO:0005788 | endoplasmic reticulum lumen | TAS | -- |
| GO:0005829 | cytosol | TAS | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for APOA4 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Statin Pathway |
.71
|
|
| 2 | Lipoprotein metabolism | ||
| 3 | Metabolism of fat-soluble vitamins | ||
| 4 | Metabolism |
.37
|
|
| 5 | Fat digestion and absorption | ||
Pathways by source for APOA4 Gene
1 BioSystems pathway for APOA4 Gene
12 Reactome pathways for APOA4 Gene
1 PharmGKB pathway for APOA4 Gene
3 KEGG pathways for APOA4 Gene
1 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathway for APOA4 Gene
1 Cell Signaling Technology pathway for APOA4 Gene
Interacting Proteins for APOA4 Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
P06727-APOA4_HUMAN
ENSP00000350425
for APOA4 Gene via
IID
UniProtKB
STRING
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for APOA4
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001523 | retinoid metabolic process | TAS | -- |
| GO:0002227 | innate immune response in mucosa | IDA | 15254593 |
| GO:0006695 | cholesterol biosynthetic process | IBA | -- |
| GO:0006869 | lipid transport | IDA | 1935934 |
| GO:0006982 | response to lipid hydroperoxide | IDA | 16945374 |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for APOA4 Gene
Drugs & Compounds for APOA4 Gene
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Triglycerides Group B |
|
555-45-3, 30719-27-8, 2190-24-1, 18641-57-1, 56933-26-7 | ||||
| Triglycerides Group D |
|
620-64-4 |
Transcripts for APOA4 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for APOA4 Gene
- (1) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (7) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (23) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (1) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
-
- ENST00000357780 1473 bps (uc001pps.2)
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for APOA4
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for APOA4
- genomics-online: gRNA clones - Search results for 146 available APOA4 gene related products
- Overview of 146 available APOA4 gene related products
- Applied Biological Materials CRISPR for APOA4
-
Vectors and viruses for KO, Activation, Repression, and more
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for APOA4
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for APOA4
miRNA Products
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shrna, sirna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for APOA4
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For APOA4
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for APOA4
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for 146 available APOA4 gene related products
- Overview of 146 available APOA4 gene related products
Clone Products
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for APOA4
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for APOA4
- VectorBuilder custom lentivirus, adenovirus, AAV vector/virus packaging for APOA4
-
VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for APOA4
- Applied Biological Materials Clones for APOA4
-
Vectors and viruses for ORF, Lenti, Retro, Adenovirus, AAV, and more
Expression for APOA4 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for APOA4 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Small Intestine - Terminal Ileum (x37.5) and Liver (x15.0).
This gene is overexpressed in Serum (28.2), Synovial fluid (13.5), and Plasma (12.1).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for APOA4 Gene
- Elite partner
NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of APOA4 Gene:
APOA4SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for APOA4 Gene:
Hs.1247mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for APOA4 Gene:
P06727-APOA4_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Synthesized primarily in the intestine and secreted in plasma.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for APOA4 Gene
- Liver(4.7)
- Intestine(4.6)
- Nervous system(4.4)
- Blood(2.5)
- Kidney(2.1)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for APOA4
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for APOA4
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for APOA4 Gene
Orthologs for APOA4 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | APOA4 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | APOA4 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | APOA4 34 33 |
|
OneToOne | |
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Apoa4 16 34 33 |
|
||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Apoa4 33 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | APOA4 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | APOA4 33 |
|
||
| APOAIV 34 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | APOA4 34 |
|
OneToOne | |
| tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | apoa4 33 |
|
||
| zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | si:dkey-7f3.15 33 |
|
||
| apoa4 34 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| APOA4 (4 of 4) 34 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| APOA4 (1 of 4) 34 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| APOA4 (3 of 4) 34 |
|
OneToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for APOA4 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
- sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Evolution for APOA4 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for APOA4 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for APOA4 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for APOA4: view image
Paralogs for APOA4 Gene
Variants for APOA4 Gene
Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for APOA4 Gene
- APOA4_HUMAN-P06727
- Eight alleles have been characterized (APOA-IV*0 to APOA-IV*7). APOA-IV*1 is the major allele (90%), APOA-IV*2 is also common (8%), the others are rare alleles. The sequence shown represents allele APOA-IV*1.
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 11 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs121909576 | other, APOLIPOPROTEIN A-IV RARE VARIANT, APOA4*3 | 116,821,310(-) | C/G/T | coding_sequence_variant, missense_variant | |
| rs5110 | pathogenic, APOLIPOPROTEIN A-IV POLYMORPHISM, APOA4*1/APOA4*2 | 116,820,918(-) | C/A | coding_sequence_variant, missense_variant | |
| rs1001077796 | -- | 116,822,420(-) | A/T | intron_variant | |
| rs1001224610 | -- | 116,823,110(-) | C/T | intron_variant | |
| rs1003472312 | -- | 116,823,296(-) | G/A | upstream_transcript_variant |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
85.5% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
3.39;
54.15% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for APOA4 Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for APOA4 Gene
Disorders for APOA4 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| carotenemia |
|
|
| hypertriglyceridemia, familial |
|
|
| demyelinating polyneuropathy |
|
|
| hypercholesterolemia, familial |
|
|
| leber hereditary optic neuropathy |
|
|
Search APOA4 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for APOA4
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for APOA4 Gene
Publications for APOA4 Gene
- Nonsynonymous polymorphic sites in the apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV gene are associated with changes in the concentration of apo B- and apo A-I-containing lipoproteins in a normal population. (PMID: 1349197) von Eckardstein A … Assmann G (American journal of human genetics 1992) 3 4 22 44 58
- Distribution and effect of apo A-IV genotype on plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels in a Chinese population. (PMID: 18664021) Bai H … Liu BW (Acta cardiologica 2008) 3 22 44 58
- Genetic and environmental factors affecting the response to statin therapy in patients with molecularly defined familial hypercholesterolaemia. (PMID: 15864114) Miltiadous G … Elisaf M (Pharmacogenetics and genomics 2005) 3 22 44 58
- Population genetics of apolipoproteins A-IV, E, and H, and the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE): associations with lipids, and apolipoprotein levels in American Samoans. (PMID: 15252864) Crews DE … Kamboh MI (American journal of physical anthropology 2004) 3 22 44 58
- The APOA4 T347S variant is associated with reduced plasma TAOS in subjects with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. (PMID: 15175360) Wong WM … Talmud PJ (Journal of lipid research 2004) 3 22 44 58
Products for APOA4 Gene
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- Taconic Biosciences Mouse Models for APOA4
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- Humanized Mice
- VectorBuilder custom plasmid, inducible vectors for APOA4
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- VectorBuilder Other custom vectors
- Mammalian expression: PiggyBac
- Mammalian Tet-on expression: plasmid
- Mammalian conditional (Cre-Lox): plasmid and PiggyBac
- Mammalian shRNA knockdown: lentiviral, adenoviral, AAV, and PiggyBac
- CRISPR: plasmid gRNA, lentiviral gRNA, and donor plasmid
- Bacterial expression: pET, pBAD, and pCS
- Yeast expression
- antibodies-online: Search results for 180 available APOA4 Antibodies ranked by validation data
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- GeneTex APOA4 Antibody for APOA4
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- genomics-online: cdna clones - Search results for 146 available APOA4 gene related products
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- Overview of 146 available APOA4 gene related products
- genomics-online: shRNA clones - Search results for 146 available APOA4 gene related products
- Overview of 146 available APOA4 gene related products
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for APOA4
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for APOA4
- GeneCopoeia miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for APOA4
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for APOA4
Sources for APOA4 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) IntAct
- (22) Novoseek
- (23) PharmGKB
- (24) DrugBank
- (25) HMDB
- (26) UniGene
- (27) AceView
- (28) ASD
- (29) ECgene
- (30) GeneAnnot
- (31) CGAP SAGE
- (32) SOURCE
- (33) HomoloGene
- (34) PanEnsembl
- (35) euGenes
- (36) SGD
- (37) FlyBase
- (38) WormBase
- (39) Pseudogene
- (40) DGV
- (41) dbSNP
- (42) GenAtlas
- (43) HGMD
- (44) GAD
- (45) BGMUT
- (46) HuGE
- (47) Atlas
- (48) Cell Signaling Technology
- (49) GenBank
- (50) H-invDB
- (51) HORDE
- (52) HUGE
- (53) IMGT
- (54) Leiden
- (55) miRBase
- (56) DME
- (57) OriGene
- (58) PubMed
- (59) R&D Systems
- (60) TGDB
- (61) Tocris
- (62) Abcam
- (63) Novus Biologicals
- (64) ProSpec
- (65) Sino Biological
- (66) GenScript
- (67) Qiagen
- (68) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (69) OCA
- (70) Proteopedia
- (71) MOPED
- (72) neXtProt
- (73) Reactome
- (74) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (75) fRNAdb
- (76) DISEASES
- (77) SIMAP
- (78) GenomeRNAi
- (79) LifeMap
- (80) miRTarBase
- (81) MalaCards
- (82) Invitrogen
- (83) BitterDB
- (84) Vector BioLabs
- (85) ESI-BIO
- (86) RefSeq
- (87) BioSystems
- (88) MaxQB
- (89) IUPHAR
- (90) BioGPS
- (91) Illumina
- (92) COMPARTMENTS
- (93) HOMER
- (94) PaxDb
- (95) ApexBio
- (96) Addgene
- (97) antibodies-online
- (98) CYP
- (99) NONCODE
- (100) SwitchGear Genomics
- (101) TreeFam
- (102) PathCards
- (103) GeneReviews
- (104) GeneTex
- (105) Taconic Biosciences
- (106) GTEx
- (107) ProteomicsDB
- (108) SCBT
- (109) DGIdb
- (110) ClinicalTrials
- (111) FDA Approved Drugs
- (112) RVIS
- (113) SIGNOR
- (114) diseasecard
- (115) NIH Rare Diseases
- (116) Orphanet
- (117) UMLS
- (118) GTR
- (119) Disease Ontology
- (120) Genetics Home Reference
- (121) MeSH
- (122) MedlinePlus
- (123) CDC
- (124) NINDS
- (125) NCBI Bookshelf
- (126) ClinVar
- (127) Gene Damage Index
- (128) ViGene Biosciences
- (129) HPO
- (130) UDN
- (131) VISTA
- (132) FANTOM5
- (133) ENCODE
- (134) ProSci
- (135) Horizon
- (136) NURSA
- (137) IID
- (138) Cyagen
- (139) VectorBuilder
- (140) SNPedia
- (141) BRCA Exchange
- (142) St John's Lab
- (143) CIViC
- (144) ProteoGenix
- (145) dbSUPER
- (146) TISSUES
- (147) Gene ORGANizer
- (148) abm
- (149) CrownBio
- (150) Human Protein Atlas
- (151) GWAS Catalog
- (152) Monarch Initiative
- (153) DataMed
- (154) HumanCyc
- (155) genomics-online
- (156) UCNEbase
- (157) EPDnew
- (158) Applied Biosystems
- (159) GlyConnect
- (160) Aminode
- (161) GeneCopoeia
- (162) GPS-Prot
- (163) RNACentral
- (164) LncRNADisease
- (165) LOVD
- (166) miR2Disease
- (167) DiseaseEnhancer
- (168) Boster Bio
- (169) Biorbyt