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This gene encodes a protein that binds actin and calcium. This gene is induced by cytokines and interferon and may promote macrophage activation and growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and T-lymphocytes. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with systemic sclerosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, but the full-length and coding nature of ... See more...
Aliases for AIF1 Gene
Aliases for AIF1 Gene
External Ids for AIF1 Gene
- HGNC: 352
- Entrez Gene: 199
- Ensembl: ENSG00000204472
- OMIM: 601833
- UniProtKB: P55008
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for AIF1 Gene
- GC06P031646
- GC06P031353
- GC06P031688
- GC06P031689
- GC06P031690
- GC06P031582
- GC06P031369
- GC06P031621
- GC06P031628
- GC06P032310
- GC06P032498
- GC06P032603
- GC06P033396
- GC06P031632
- GC06P031650
- GC06P031663
- GC06P031672
- GC06P031908
- GC06P031995
- GC06P032172
- GC06P032185
Summaries for AIF1 Gene
-
This gene encodes a protein that binds actin and calcium. This gene is induced by cytokines and interferon and may promote macrophage activation and growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and T-lymphocytes. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with systemic sclerosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, but the full-length and coding nature of some of these variants is not certain. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]
GeneCards Summary for AIF1 Gene
AIF1 (Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with AIF1 include Ectodermal Dysplasia 1, Hypohidrotic, X-Linked and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. Among its related pathways are Spinal Cord Injury. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include calcium ion binding and actin filament binding. An important paralog of this gene is AIF1L.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary for AIF1 Gene
-
Actin-binding protein that enhances membrane ruffling and RAC activation. Enhances the actin-bundling activity of LCP1. Binds calcium. Plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis. May play a role in macrophage activation and function. Promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes. Enhances lymphocyte migration. Plays a role in vascular inflammation.
Additional gene information for AIF1 Gene
- HGNC(352)
- Entrez Gene(199)
- Ensembl(ENSG00000204472)
- OMIM(601833)
- UniProtKB(P55008)
- Open Targets Platform(ENSG00000204472)
- Monarch Initiative
- Search for AIF1 at DataMed
- Search for AIF1 at HumanCyc
No data available for CIViC Summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , Rfam classification and piRNA Summary for AIF1 Gene
Genomics for AIF1 Gene
GeneHancer (GH) Regulatory Elements Pubs
Promoters and enhancers for AIF1 Gene
- Elite GeneHancer and/or Elite GeneHancer-gene association
Download GeneHancer data from 2017 publication |
Request up-to-date GeneHancer data (full dataset)
GeneHancers around AIF1 on the GeneHancer Hub at the UCSC Golden Path
Cistromic (ChIP-Seq) regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for AIF1
- Top Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the AIF1 gene promoter:
-
- ATF-2
- c-Jun
- COUP
Genomic Locations for AIF1 Gene
Genomic Locations for AIF1 Gene
- chr6:31,615,212-31,617,021
- (GRCh38/hg38)
- Size:
- 1,810 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
- chr6:31,582,961-31,584,798
- (GRCh37/hg19)
- Size:
- 1,838 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for AIF1 Gene
Genes around AIF1 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 6p21.33 by HGNC
- 6p21.33 by Entrez Gene
- 6p21.33 by Ensembl
AIF1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for AIF1 Gene
Proteins for AIF1 Gene
-
Protein details for AIF1 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P55008-AIF1_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Allograft inflammatory factor 1
- Protein Accession:
- P55008
- A8K406
- O43904
- Q9UIV4
- Q9UKS9
Protein attributes for AIF1 Gene
- Size:
- 147 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 16703 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Homodimer (Potential). Monomer. Interacts with LCP1.
Protein Expression for AIF1 Gene
Post-translational modifications for AIF1 Gene
- Phosphorylated on serine residues.
-
Ubiquitination at Lys11 and Lys76
- NX_P55008 (NX_P55008-1)
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
Other Protein References for AIF1 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
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-
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Abcam antibodies for AIF1
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- antibodies-online: Show 116 available AIF1 Antibodies ranked by validation data
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- 82 WB Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 2 IHC Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 71 WB Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 7 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
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-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for AIF1
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Protein Products
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-
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ProSci Proteins for AIF1
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Abcam proteins for AIF1
Assay Products
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- antibodies-online: Search results for available AIF1 related products ranked by validation data
-
Signalway ELISA kits for AIF1
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for AIF1 Gene
Domains & Families for AIF1 Gene
Gene Families for AIF1 Gene
- HGNC:
- Human Protein Atlas (HPA):
-
- Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein Domains for AIF1 Gene
- InterPro:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for AIF1 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
-
- Protein G1 (AIF1_HUMAN)
- IRT-1 (O43904_HUMAN)
- Allograft inflammatory factor 1, isoform CRA_c (Q4V347_HUMAN)
- Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (Q5STX8_HUMAN)
No data available for Graphical View of Domain Structure and UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for AIF1 Gene
Function for AIF1 Gene
Molecular function for AIF1 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Actin-binding protein that enhances membrane ruffling and RAC activation. Enhances the actin-bundling activity of LCP1. Binds calcium. Plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis. May play a role in macrophage activation and function. Promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes. Enhances lymphocyte migration. Plays a role in vascular inflammation.
Phenotypes From GWAS Catalog for AIF1 Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003674 | molecular_function | ND | -- |
| GO:0003779 | actin binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0005509 | calcium ion binding | IBA,ISS | 17011575 |
| GO:0046872 | metal ion binding | IEA | -- |
| GO:0051015 | actin filament binding | IDA | 16049345 |
Phenotypes for AIF1 Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for AIF1:
- inferred from 2 alleles
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for AIF1:
-
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- no effect
- Decreased viability
- Resistant to vaccinia virus (VACV-A4L) infection
- Decreased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- Decreased JFH-1 genotype 2a Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection
- Decreased viability in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lineage; decreased viability in ovarian lineage
Animal Model Products
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CRISPR Products
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Clone Products
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Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for AIF1
No data available for Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) , Human Phenotype Ontology , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for AIF1 Gene
Localization for AIF1 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for AIF1 Gene
- Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell projection, ruffle membrane. Peripheral membrane protein. Cytoplasmic side. Cell projection, phagocytic cup. Note=Associated with the actin cytoskeleton at membrane ruffles and at sites of phagocytosis. {ECO:0000250 UniProtKB:O70200}.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| plasma membrane | 5 |
| nucleus | 5 |
| cytosol | 5 |
| cytoskeleton | 4 |
| extracellular | 3 |
| mitochondrion | 3 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 2 |
| endosome | 2 |
| lysosome | 2 |
| golgi apparatus | 2 |
| peroxisome | 1 |
- Cytosol (1)
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001726 | ruffle | ISS | -- |
| GO:0001891 | phagocytic cup | ISS | -- |
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | ISS | -- |
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | ISS | -- |
| GO:0005829 | cytosol | IDA | 22116621 |
Pathways & Interactions for AIF1 Gene
| SuperPathway | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spinal Cord Injury | ||
Pathways by source for AIF1 Gene
1 BioSystems pathway for AIF1 Gene
Interacting Proteins for AIF1 Gene
GPS-Prot Interaction Network for AIF1
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001774 | microglial cell activation | NAS | 17011575 |
| GO:0001934 | positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | IEA | -- |
| GO:0006911 | phagocytosis, engulfment | ISS | -- |
| GO:0006954 | inflammatory response | NAS | 7769138 |
| GO:0008284 | positive regulation of cell proliferation | IDA | 19745784 |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for AIF1 Gene
Drugs & Compounds for AIF1 Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs |
|---|
Drug Products
- G Biosciences Human Allograft inflammatory factor 1/AIF1, Lyophilized
Transcripts for AIF1 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for AIF1 Gene
- 4 REFSEQ mRNAs :
- 21 NCBI additional mRNA sequence :
- 5 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links to gene/alias where relevant :
-
- ENST00000376059 655 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000497362 810 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000337917 607 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000466820 1180 nts (view in UCSC)
- ENST00000376049 524 nts (view in UCSC)
CRISPR Products
- Applied Biological Materials (abm): CRISPR Clones for AIF1 - Select products 50% OFF >
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-
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-
- MG201000
- MR201000
- MR201000L3
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- RC203154L4
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- RC212914L3
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- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
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Relevant External Links for AIF1 Gene
- GeneLoc Exon Structure for
- AIF1
Expression for AIF1 Gene
mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery
- Inner Cell Mass (Early Embryonic Tissues)
-
Blood (Cardiovascular System)
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Aorta-Gonad-Mesonephros
- Conventional Dendritic Cells I Spleen
-
Lateral Plate Mesoderm (Gastrulation Derivatives)
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Aorta-Gonad-Mesonephros
-
Eye (Sensory Organs)
- Adult Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Cells Retinal Pigmented Epithelium
-
Epithelial Cells
- Adult Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Cells Retinal Pigmented Epithelium
- Spleen (Hematopoietic System)
-
Heart (Cardiovascular System)
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for AIF1 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Whole Blood (x15.6) and Spleen (x8.1).
This gene is overexpressed in Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (11.1), Lavage (9.2), Nasal epithelium (8.2), and Heart (6.0).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for AIF1 Gene
Transcriptomic regulation report from SPP (The Signaling Pathways Project) for AIF1
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for AIF1 Gene:
Hs.76364mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for AIF1 Gene:
P55008-AIF1_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Detected in T-lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for AIF1 Gene
- Blood(4.7)
- Liver(4.6)
- Nervous system(4.2)
- Spleen(3.7)
- Heart(3.5)
- Skin(3)
- Eye(3)
- Kidney(3)
- Lung(2.9)
- Muscle(2.7)
- Intestine(2.6)
- Bone(2.5)
- Bone marrow(2.2)
- Adrenal gland(2.1)
- Lymph node(2.1)
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for AIF1
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for AIF1
Gene Expression Assay Products
No data available for Protein tissue co-expression partners and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for AIF1 Gene
Orthologs for AIF1 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | AIF1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | AIF1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Aif1 30 17 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | AIF1 30 31 |
|
OneToOne | |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Aif1 30 |
|
||
| Oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | -- 31 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | -- 31 |
|
OneToMany | |
| -- 31 |
|
OneToMany |
- Species where no ortholog for AIF1 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Eremothecium gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- Alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- Amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- Beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- Bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chicken (Gallus gallus)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- Common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- Corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- Filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute Bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- Fission Yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- Green Algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. Lactis Yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- Loblloly Pine (Pinus taeda)
- Malaria Parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- Medicago Trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- Moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa)
- Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
- Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- Rice (Oryza sativa)
- Rice Blast Fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- Schistosome Parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- Sea Anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- Sea Vase (Ciona intestinalis)
- Sea Squirt (Ciona savignyi)
- Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- Soybean (Glycine max)
- Stem Rust Fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- Thale Cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- Tropical Clawed Frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
- Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Evolution for AIF1 Gene
- ENSEMBL:
- Gene Tree for AIF1 (if available)
- TreeFam:
- Gene Tree for AIF1 (if available)
- Aminode:
- Evolutionary constrained regions (ECRs) for AIF1: view image
Paralogs for AIF1 Gene
Variants for AIF1 Gene
Sequence variations, with clinical significance, from ClinVar and Humsavar, with links to dbSNP for AIF1 Gene
| SNP ID | Clinical significance and condition | Chr 06 pos | Variation | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs2736182 | - | p.Gly14Arg |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| dgv10403n54 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| dgv10404n54 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| nsv1073969 | CNV | deletion | 25765185 |
| nsv1112900 | CNV | deletion | 24896259 |
| nsv1126749 | CNV | deletion | 24896259 |
| nsv1161370 | CNV | deletion | 26073780 |
| nsv462871 | CNV | loss | 19166990 |
| nsv601942 | CNV | loss | 21841781 |
| nsv830627 | CNV | loss | 17160897 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
83.5% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
5.49;
71.77% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Additional Variant Information for AIF1 Gene
SNP Genotyping and Copy Number Assay Products
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for AIF1 Gene
Disorders for AIF1 Gene
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| ectodermal dysplasia 1, hypohidrotic, x-linked |
|
|
| creutzfeldt-jakob disease |
|
|
| demyelinating polyneuropathy |
|
|
| ectodermal dysplasia 10b, hypohidrotic/hair/tooth type, autosomal recessive |
|
|
| nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy |
|
|
Search AIF1 in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
Additional Disease Information for AIF1
- Genetic Association Database
- (GAD)
- Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator
- (HuGE)
- ATLAS of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
- Open Targets Platform
No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for AIF1 Gene
Publications for AIF1 Gene
- cDNA cloning of human allograft inflammatory factor-1: tissue distribution, cytokine induction, and mRNA expression in injured rat carotid arteries. (PMID: 8912632) Autieri MV (Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1996) 2 3 4 23
- Structural and functional characterization of human Iba proteins. (PMID: 18699778) Schulze JO … Büssow K (The FEBS journal 2008) 3 4 23
- Association of allograft inflammatory factor-1 gene polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis. (PMID: 18721278) Pawlik A … Drozdzik M (Tissue antigens 2008) 3 23 41
- An allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF1) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with anticentromere antibody positive systemic sclerosis. (PMID: 17522098) Alkassab F … Mayes MD (Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 2007) 3 23 41
- Allograft inflammatory factor-1 and tumor necrosis factor single nucleotide polymorphisms in systemic sclerosis. (PMID: 17498268) Otieno FG … Artlett CM (Tissue antigens 2007) 3 23 41
ExternalLinks
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- Novus Biologicals ELISA Kits for AIF1
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- VectorBuilder Custom and pre-made DNA vectors for AIF1 (ie. gene expression, shRNA knockdown, CRISPR)
- VectorBuilder Viral vectors for AIF1 (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder CRISPR vectors for AIF1 (ie. knockout, knockin, CRISPRa, CRISPRi)
- VectorBuilder Virus packaging for AIF1 CRISPR vectors (ie. lentivirus, AAV, adenovirus)
- VectorBuilder Stable cell line generation for AIF1
- antibodies-online: Show 116 available AIF1 Antibodies ranked by validation data
- Compare Top AIF1 Antibodies
- Recommended
- 172 WB Antibodies (anti-human)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 11 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-human)
- 7 IHC Antibodies (anti-human)
- 1 IF Antibody (anti-human)
- 82 WB Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 2 IHC Antibodies (anti-mouse)
- 71 WB Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 12 IF (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 7 IHC (p) Antibodies (anti-rat)
- 3 IHC Antibodies (anti-rat)
- antibodies-online: Search results for available AIF1 related products ranked by validation data
- antibodies-online: Show 31 available AIF1 Proteins ranked by validation data
- Compare Top AIF1 Proteins
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for AIF1
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for AIF1 siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for AIF1
- Search for AIF1 Antibodies at ProSci
- Custom Antibody Services
- ProSci Proteins for AIF1
- Horizon Cell Lines for AIF1
- Browse GeneCopoeia Cell Lines
- Search GeneCopoeia for CRISPR/Cas9 clones, lentivirus and AAV products for AIF1
- Search GeneCopoeia for ORF cDNA, lentivirus, AAV viral particles and/or promoter clone products for AIF1
- Search GeneCopoeia for miRNA 3'UTR Target clone products for AIF1
- Search GeneCopoeia for shRNA, lentivirus and/or AAV clone products for AIF1
Sources for AIF1 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) NCBI Entrez Gene
- (4) UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) Cell Signaling Technology
- (12) GO
- (13) UniProtKB/TrEMBL
- (14) InterPro
- (15) ProtoNet
- (16) Blocks
- (17) MGI
- (18) IUBMB
- (19) KEGG
- (20) MINT
- (21) STRING
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) ASD
- (28) SAGE
- (29) SOURCE
- (30) HomoloGene
- (31) PanEnsembl
- (32) euGenes
- (33) SGD
- (34) FlyBase
- (35) WormBase
- (36) Pseudogene
- (37) DGV
- (38) dbSNP
- (39) GenAtlas
- (40) HGMD
- (41) GAD
- (42) BGMUT
- (43) HuGE
- (44) Atlas
- (45) GenBank
- (46) HORDE
- (47) HUGE
- (48) IMGT
- (49) Leiden
- (50) miRBase
- (51) DME
- (52) OriGene
- (53) PubMed
- (54) R&D Systems
- (55) TGDB
- (56) Tocris
- (57) Abcam
- (58) Novus Biologicals
- (59) ProSpec
- (60) Sino Biological
- (61) GenScript
- (62) Qiagen
- (63) OCA
- (64) Proteopedia
- (65) MOPED
- (66) neXtProt
- (67) Reactome
- (68) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (69) DISEASES
- (70) SIMAP
- (71) GenomeRNAi
- (72) LifeMap
- (73) miRTarBase
- (74) MalaCards
- (75) Invitrogen
- (76) BitterDB
- (77) ESI-BIO
- (78) RefSeq
- (79) BioSystems
- (80) MaxQB
- (81) IUPHAR
- (82) BioGPS
- (83) Illumina
- (84) COMPARTMENTS
- (85) HOMER
- (86) PaxDb
- (87) ApexBio
- (88) Addgene
- (89) antibodies-online
- (90) CYP
- (91) NONCODE
- (92) TreeFam
- (93) PathCards
- (94) GeneReviews
- (95) GeneTex
- (96) Taconic Biosciences
- (97) GTEx
- (98) ProteomicsDB
- (99) SCBT
- (100) DGIdb
- (101) ClinicalTrials
- (102) RVIS
- (103) SIGNOR
- (104) diseasecard
- (105) NIH Rare Diseases
- (106) Orphanet
- (107) UMLS
- (108) GTR
- (109) Disease Ontology
- (110) Genetics Home Reference
- (111) MeSH
- (112) MedlinePlus
- (113) CDC
- (114) NINDS
- (115) NCBI Bookshelf
- (116) ClinVar
- (117) Gene Damage Index
- (118) HPO
- (119) UDN
- (120) VISTA
- (121) FANTOM5
- (122) ENCODE
- (123) ProSci
- (124) Horizon
- (125) The Signaling Pathways Project (SPP)
- (126) IID
- (127) VectorBuilder
- (128) SNPedia
- (129) BRCA Exchange
- (130) CIViC
- (131) ProteoGenix
- (132) dbSUPER
- (133) TISSUES
- (134) Gene ORGANizer
- (135) abm
- (136) Human Protein Atlas
- (137) GWAS Catalog
- (138) Monarch Initiative
- (139) DataMed
- (140) HumanCyc
- (141) UCNEbase
- (142) EPDnew
- (143) Applied Biosystems
- (144) GlyConnect
- (145) Aminode
- (146) GeneCopoeia
- (147) GPS-Prot
- (148) RNACentral
- (149) LncRNADisease
- (150) LOVD
- (151) miR2Disease
- (152) DiseaseEnhancer
- (153) Boster Bio
- (154) Biorbyt
- (155) Biocompare
- (156) Mastermind
- (157) CTD^2 Dashboard
- (158) CraniofacialAtlas
- (159) GeneImprint
- (160) Synthego
- (161) ENA
- (162) GtRNAdb
- (163) LncBase
- (164) LncBook
- (165) LNCipedia
- (166) Modomics
- (167) PDBe
- (168) Rfam
- (169) SILVA
- (170) snOPY
- (171) SRPDB
- (172) GENCODE
- (173) TarBase
- (174) Signalway Antibody
- (175) Open Targets Platform
- (176) 5SRRNADB
- (177) snoDB
- (178) MirGeneDB