Aliases for GAL3ST2 Gene
Aliases for GAL3ST2 Gene
External Ids for GAL3ST2 Gene
- HGNC: 24869
- Entrez Gene: 64090
- Ensembl: ENSG00000154252
- OMIM: 608237
- UniProtKB: Q9H3Q3
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for GAL3ST2 Gene
- GC11M068343
- GC11M067490
- GC11M066059
- GC11M065585
- GC02P243038
- GC02P242436
- GC02P242364
- GC02P242716
- GC02P234469
Summaries for GAL3ST2 Gene
-
This gene encodes a member of the galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase protein family. The product of this gene catalyzes sulfonation by transferring a sulfate group to the hydroxyl at C-3 of nonreducing beta-galactosyl residues, and it can act on both type 1 and type 2 (Galbeta 1-3/1-4GlcNAc-R) oligosaccharides with similar efficiencies, and on core 1 glycans. This enzyme has been implicated in tumor metastasis processes. This gene is different from the GAL3ST3 gene located on chromosome 11, which has also been referred to as GAL3ST2 and encodes a related enzyme with distinct tissue distribution and substrate specificities, compared to galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
GeneCards Summary for GAL3ST2 Gene
GAL3ST2 (Galactose-3-O-Sulfotransferase 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are Phase II conjugation. GO annotations related to this gene include sulfotransferase activity and galactosylceramide sulfotransferase activity. An important paralog of this gene is GAL3ST1.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for GAL3ST2 Gene
-
Transfers a sulfate group to the hydroxyl group at C3 of non-reducing beta-galactosyl residues. Acts both on type 1 (Gal-beta-1,3-GlcNAc) and type 2 (Gal-beta-1,4-GlcNAc) chains with similar efficiency.
No data available for Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for GAL3ST2 Gene
Genomics for GAL3ST2 Gene
Regulatory Elements for GAL3ST2 Gene
Enhancers for GAL3ST2 Gene
| GeneHancer Identifier | Score | Enhancer Sources | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer | Other Gene Targets for Enhancer |
|---|
Enhancers around GAL3ST2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the GAL3ST2 gene promoter:
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Location for GAL3ST2 Gene
- Chromosome:
- 2
- Start:
- 241,776,825 bp from pter
- End:
- 241,804,287 bp from pter
- Size:
- 27,463 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for GAL3ST2 Gene
Genes around GAL3ST2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- 2q37.3 by Ensembl
- 2q37.3 by Entrez Gene
- 2q37.2 by HGNC
GAL3ST2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for GAL3ST2 Gene
Proteins for GAL3ST2 Gene
-
Protein details for GAL3ST2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- Q9H3Q3-G3ST2_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- Galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 2
- Protein Accession:
- Q9H3Q3
- Q17RK0
- Q57Z52
Protein attributes for GAL3ST2 Gene
- Size:
- 398 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 46110 Da
- Quaternary structure:
- No Data Available
Protein Expression for GAL3ST2 Gene
Post-translational modifications for GAL3ST2 Gene
Other Protein References for GAL3ST2 Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for GAL3ST2
- Search GeneTex for Antibodies for GAL3ST2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for GAL3ST2
Protein Products
- R&D Systems Proteins and Enzymes for GAL3ST2 (Galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 2/GAL3ST2)
- Search Origene for Purified Proteins, MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for GAL3ST2
- Origene Custom Protein Services for GAL3ST2
- Novus Biologicals proteins for GAL3ST2
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for GAL3ST2
Assay Products
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for GAL3ST2 Gene
Domains & Families for GAL3ST2 Gene
Gene Families for GAL3ST2 Gene
Protein Domains for GAL3ST2 Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for GAL3ST2 Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
Q9H3Q3- Family:
-
- Belongs to the galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase family.
Function for GAL3ST2 Gene
Molecular function for GAL3ST2 Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot BiophysicochemicalProperties:
- pH dependence: Optimum pH is 6.0-6.5.;
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
- Strongly inhibited by Cu(2+) and Zn(2+).
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Transfers a sulfate group to the hydroxyl group at C3 of non-reducing beta-galactosyl residues. Acts both on type 1 (Gal-beta-1,3-GlcNAc) and type 2 (Gal-beta-1,4-GlcNAc) chains with similar efficiency.
Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for GAL3ST2 Gene
Phenotypes for GAL3ST2 Gene
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for GAL3ST2:
-
- Increased vaccinia virus (VACV) infection
- shRNA abundance <= 50%
- Mildly decreased CFP-tsO45G cell surface transport
- Dynamic nuclei (hole, folded or small irregular)
- Decreased shRNA abundance
- Decreased infection with West Nile virus (WNV)
- Decreased West Nile virus (WNV) infection
- Upregulation of RLR pathway after Sendai virus (SeV) infection
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for GAL3ST2 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GAL3ST2 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for GAL3ST2
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for GAL3ST2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for GAL3ST2
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for GAL3ST2
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for GAL3ST2
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shRNA, mouse_rna, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for GAL3ST2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For GAL3ST2
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GAL3ST2 gene
Clone Products
- OriGene clones in human for GAL3ST2
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse for GAL3ST2
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
Cell Line Products
-
ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for GAL3ST2 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for GAL3ST2 gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GAL3ST2 gene
Flow Cytometry Products
No data available for Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function , Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , miRNA , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for GAL3ST2 Gene
Localization for GAL3ST2 Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for GAL3ST2 Gene
- Golgi apparatus, Golgi stack membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| golgi apparatus | 4 |
| extracellular | 2 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 1 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0016021 | integral component of membrane | IEA | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for GAL3ST2 Gene
More details on SuperPathways for GAL3ST2| Superpath | Contained pathways | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Phase II conjugation |
Pathways by source for GAL3ST2 Gene
1 BioSystems pathway for GAL3ST2 Gene
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9H3Q3-G3ST2_HUMAN
- Pathway: Protein modification; carbohydrate sulfation.
Interacting Proteins for GAL3ST2 Gene
| Symbol | External ID(s) | Details |
|---|---|---|
| MTUS2 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0009058 | biosynthetic process | IEA | -- |
No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for GAL3ST2 Gene
Transcripts for GAL3ST2 Gene
mRNA/cDNA for GAL3ST2 Gene
- (1) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (2) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (38) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (1) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for GAL3ST2 Gene
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for GAL3ST2
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for GAL3ST2
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for GAL3ST2
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for GAL3ST2
Inhibitory RNA Products
- Origene shRNA, mouse_rna, siRNA, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for GAL3ST2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For GAL3ST2
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GAL3ST2 gene
Clone Products
- OriGene clones in human for GAL3ST2
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse for GAL3ST2
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
Flow Cytometry Products
| ExUns: | 1 | ^ | 2 | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | ^ | 6 | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | · | 7c | · | 7d | · | 7e | ^ | 8a | · | 8b | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10a | · | 10b | · | 10c | ^ | 11a | · | 11b | · | 11c | · | 11d | ^ | 12a | · | 12b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SP1: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP2: | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP3: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP4: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP5: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP6: | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP7: | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP8: | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP9: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP10: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP11: | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP12: | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SP13: |
Expression for GAL3ST2 Gene
mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for GAL3ST2 Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Colon - Transverse (x21.4).
This gene is overexpressed in Oral epithelium (63.6).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB and MOPED for GAL3ST2 Gene
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for GAL3ST2 Gene Hs.632556
mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for GAL3ST2 Gene
Q9H3Q3-G3ST2_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Ubiquitous. Detected in heart, stomach, colon, liver and spleen, in epithelial cells lining the lower to middle layer of the crypts in colonic mucosa, hepatocytes surrounding the central vein of the liver, extravillous cytotrophoblasts in the basal plate of the septum of the placenta, renal tubules of the kidney, and neuronal cells of the cerebral cortex.
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for GAL3ST2
No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery for GAL3ST2 Gene
Orthologs for GAL3ST2 Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of chordates.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | GAL3ST2 35 |
|
||
| GAL3ST2 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | GAL3ST2 35 |
|
||
| GAL3ST2 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Gm9994 35 |
|
||
| Gm9994 16 |
|
||||
| Gal3st2 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| Gm6086 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| Gm9994 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | GAL3ST2 35 |
|
||
| GAL3ST2 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Gal3st2 35 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | GAL3ST2 36 |
|
OneToOne | |
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | -- 36 |
|
OneToMany | |
| -- 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | GAL3ST2 35 |
|
||
| GAL3ST2 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | GAL3ST2 36 |
|
OneToOne | |
| zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | LOC556126 35 |
|
||
| CABZ01079005.1 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| si:dkey-246m18.2 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| sea squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany |
- Species with no ortholog for GAL3ST2:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Paralogs for GAL3ST2 Gene
(2) SIMAP similar genes for GAL3ST2 Gene using alignment to 1 proteins:
Variants for GAL3ST2 Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 02 pos | Sequence Context | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs12469459 | - | 241,776,965(+) | TGTCC(A/T)TGCTG | reference, missense | |
| rs741776 | -- | 241,804,528(-) | AGCCC(A/C)AGTGC | downstream-variant-500B | |
| rs744986 | -- | 241,804,236(+) | GGCCG(A/G)GGATC | utr-variant-3-prime | |
| rs909142 | -- | 241,802,579(-) | cacct(C/T)tcccc | intron-variant | |
| rs3029287 | -- | 241,802,517(-) | CTCCA(-/CA)GAGCG | intron-variant |
| Variant ID | Type | Subtype | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| nsv876226 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| dgv4493n71 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| dgv4494n71 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| dgv4495n71 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| dgv165e55 | CNV | Loss | 17911159 |
| dgv4496n71 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| nsv876242 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| dgv4497n71 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| nsv876250 | CNV | Gain | 21882294 |
| nsv876254 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| nsv876255 | CNV | Loss | 21882294 |
| nsv10232 | CNV | Gain+Loss | 18304495 |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
90.5% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
5.73;
73.29% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Relevant External Links for GAL3ST2 Gene
- Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
- GAL3ST2
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for GAL3ST2 Gene
Disorders for GAL3ST2 Gene
Relevant External Links for GAL3ST2
- Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology:
- GAL3ST2
No disorders were found for GAL3ST2 Gene.
No data available for MalaCards , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for GAL3ST2 Gene
Publications for GAL3ST2 Gene
- Molecular cloning and characterization of a human beta-Gal-3'- sulfotransferase that acts on both type 1 and type 2 (Galbeta 1-3/1- 4GlcNAc-R) oligosaccharides. (PMID: 11029462) Honke K. … Taniguchi N. (J. Biol. Chem. 2001) 2 3 4 23 67
- Gal3ST-2 involved in tumor metastasis process by regulation of adhesion ability to selectins and expression of integrins. (PMID: 15921657) Shi B.Z. … Wu X.Z. (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2005) 3 23
- GAL3ST2 from mammary gland epithelial cells affects differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. (PMID: 25532485) Guerra L.N. … Calvo J.C. (Clin Transl Oncol 2015) 3
- A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. (PMID: 25416956) Rolland T. … Vidal M. (Cell 2014) 3
- Polyoxometalates as effective inhibitors for sialyl- and sulfotransferases. (PMID: 19508952) Seko A. … Yamashita K. (J. Inorg. Biochem. 2009) 23
Products for GAL3ST2 Gene
- Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
- R&D Systems Proteins and Enzymes for GAL3ST2 (Galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 2/GAL3ST2)
- Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
- Browse Primary Antibodies
- Browse Proteins and Enzymes
- Browse ELISAs
- Browse Activity Assays
- Browse cDNA Clones
- Browse Cell Culture Products
- Browse Cell Selection and Detection Kits
- Browse DNA Damage and Repair Kits
- Browse ELISpot/FluoroSpot Kits and Development Modules
- Browse Flow Cytometry Kits
- Browse Immunoprecipitation Assays
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- Browse Small Molecules
- Browse OriGene Antibodies
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- Custom Assay Services
- Search Origene for Purified Proteins, MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for GAL3ST2
- Origene Custom Protein Services for GAL3ST2
- Origene siRNA, shRNA, mouse_rna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for GAL3ST2
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For GAL3ST2
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for GAL3ST2
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for GAL3ST2
- OriGene clones in human for GAL3ST2
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse for GAL3ST2
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- GenScript: Next-day shipping cDNA clones in your preferred vector
- GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for GAL3ST2
- GenScript Custom Assay Services for GAL3ST2
- GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for GAL3ST2
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for GAL3ST2
- Design optimal peptide antigens
- CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
- Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector
- Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection
- Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11
- Plasmid Preparation
- GenScript Custom Peptide Services for GAL3ST2
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for GAL3ST2
- Novus Biologicals proteins for GAL3ST2
- Novus Biologicals
- Novus Biologicals Tissue Microarrays
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for GAL3ST2 gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for GAL3ST2 gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for GAL3ST2 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GAL3ST2 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GAL3ST2 gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for GAL3ST2 gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for GAL3ST2
- Search ViGene Biosciences for GAL3ST2
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for GAL3ST2
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for GAL3ST2 siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for GAL3ST2
Sources for GAL3ST2 Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) I2D
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) UniGene
- (28) AceView
- (29) RNAdb
- (30) ASD
- (31) ECgene
- (32) GeneAnnot
- (33) SAGE
- (34) SOURCE
- (35) HomoloGene
- (36) PanEnsembl
- (37) euGenes
- (38) SGD
- (39) FlyBase
- (40) WormBase
- (41) Pseudogene
- (42) DGV
- (43) dbSNP
- (44) HapMap
- (45) GenAtlas
- (46) GeneTests
- (47) HGMD
- (48) GAD
- (49) LSDB
- (50) BGMUT
- (51) HuGE
- (52) eBioscience
- (53) Atlas
- (54) Cell Signaling Technology
- (55) GenBank
- (56) H-invDB
- (57) HORDE
- (58) HUGE
- (59) IMGT
- (60) Leiden
- (61) MILLIPORE
- (62) miRBase
- (63) DME
- (64) Nature
- (65) NCBI
- (66) OriGene
- (67) PubMed
- (68) R&D Systems
- (69) Salk
- (70) TGDB
- (71) Tufts
- (72) YEDA
- (73) CROW21
- (74) Tocris
- (75) Abcam
- (76) Novus
- (77) ProSpec
- (78) Sino Biological
- (79) GenScript
- (80) Qiagen
- (81) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (82) Enzo Life Sciences
- (83) OCA
- (84) Proteopedia
- (85) MOPED
- (86) SPIRE
- (87) neXtProt
- (88) Reactome
- (89) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (90) fRNAdb
- (91) DISEASES
- (92) SIMAP
- (93) GenomeRNAi
- (94) LifeMap
- (95) miRTarBase
- (96) MalaCards
- (97) Invitrogen
- (98) BitterDB
- (99) Vector BioLabs
- (100) ESI-BIO
- (101) RefSeq
- (102) BioSystems
- (103) MaxQB
- (104) IUPHAR
- (105) BioGPS
- (106) Illumina
- (107) COMPARTMENTS
- (108) HOMER
- (109) PaxDb
- (110) ApexBio
- (111) Addgene
- (112) Advanced Cell Diagnostics
- (113) antibodies-online
- (114) CYP
- (115) NONCODE
- (116) SwitchGear Genomics
- (117) TreeFam
- (118) PathCards
- (119) GeneReviews
- (120) GeneTex
- (121) Taconic Biosciences
- (122) GTEx
- (123) ProteomicsDB
- (124) SCBT
- (125) DGIdb
- (126) ClinicalTrials
- (127) FDA Approved Drugs
- (128) RVIS
- (129) SIGNOR
- (130) diseasecard
- (131) NIH Rare Diseases
- (132) Orphanet
- (133) UMLS
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- (135) Disease Ontology
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