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PLD2 Gene(Protein Coding)

Phospholipase D2

GCID:
GC17P004808
GIFtS:
72
Genes Participants
UDN Logo

Aliases for PLD2 Gene

Aliases for PLD2 Gene

  • Phospholipase D2 2 3 5
  • Choline Phosphatase 2 2 3 4
  • Phosphatidylcholine-Hydrolyzing Phospholipase D2 3 4
  • EC 3.1.4.4 4 63
  • PLD1C 3 4
  • HPLD2 3 4
  • PLD 2 4

External Ids for PLD2 Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for PLD2 Gene

  • GC17P005137
  • GC17P004661
  • GC17P004917
  • GC17P004657
  • GC17P004710
  • GC17P004598

Summaries for PLD2 Gene

Entrez Gene Summary for PLD2 Gene

  • The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidic acid and choline. The activity of the encoded enzyme is enhanced by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and ADP-ribosylation factor-1. This protein localizes to the peripheral membrane and may be involved in cytoskeletal organization, cell cycle control, transcriptional regulation, and/or regulated secretion. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

GeneCards Summary for PLD2 Gene

PLD2 (Phospholipase D2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PLD2 include Tooth Agenesis. Among its related pathways are Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation and Arf6 downstream pathway. GO annotations related to this gene include phosphatidylinositol binding and N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D activity. An important paralog of this gene is PLD1.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PLD2 Gene

  • May have a role in signal-induced cytoskeletal regulation and/or endocytosis.

Tocris Summary for PLD2 Gene

  • Phospholipases are a group of enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic molecules. There are four major classes; phospholipase A, phospholipase B, phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C and phospholipase D.

Gene Wiki entry for PLD2 Gene

No data available for PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for PLD2 Gene

Genomics for PLD2 Gene

Products:

  1. Regulatory Element

Regulatory Elements for PLD2 Gene

Enhancers for PLD2 Gene
GeneHancer Identifier Score Enhancer Sources TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer Other Gene Targets for Enhancer

Enhancers around PLD2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Promoters for PLD2 Gene
Ensembl Regulatory Elements (ENSRs) TSS Distance (bp) Size (bp) Binding Sites for Transcription Factors within promoters

ENSRs around PLD2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the PLD2 gene promoter:

Genomic Location for PLD2 Gene

Chromosome:
17
Start:
4,807,096 bp from pter
End:
4,823,434 bp from pter
Size:
16,339 bases
Orientation:
Plus strand

Genomic View for PLD2 Gene

Genes around PLD2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
PLD2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for PLD2 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for PLD2 Gene

Proteins for PLD2 Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for PLD2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    O14939-PLD2_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Phospholipase D2
    Protein Accession:
    O14939
    Secondary Accessions:
    • I3L2C9
    • O43540
    • O43579
    • O43580
    • Q6PGR0
    • Q96BY3

    Protein attributes for PLD2 Gene

    Size:
    933 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    105987 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • Interacts with EGFR (By similarity). Interacts with PIP5K1B.

    Alternative splice isoforms for PLD2 Gene

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

neXtProt entry for PLD2 Gene

Proteomics data for PLD2 Gene at MOPED

Protein Expression for PLD2 Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Selected DME Specific Peptides for PLD2 Gene

O14939:

Post-translational modifications for PLD2 Gene

Other Protein References for PLD2 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

Antibody Products

  • Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for PLD2 (PLD2)

Domains & Families for PLD2 Gene

Gene Families for PLD2 Gene

HGNC:
IUPHAR :

Protein Domains for PLD2 Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for PLD2 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

O14939

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

PLD2_HUMAN :
  • Contains 1 PH domain.
  • Belongs to the phospholipase D family.
Domain:
  • Contains 1 PH domain.
  • Contains 2 PLD phosphodiesterase domains.
  • Contains 1 PX (phox homology) domain.
Family:
  • Belongs to the phospholipase D family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with PLD2: view

Function for PLD2 Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line
  7. Flow Cytometry

Molecular function for PLD2 Gene

GENATLAS Biochemistry:
phospholipase D2,106kDa,phosphatidylcholine specific,widely expressed,involved in metabolic regulation,cardiac and brain function,senescence regulated secretion,mitogenesis and cytoskeletal changes
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
A phosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = choline + a phosphatidate.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot EnzymeRegulation:
Stimulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and activated by the ADP-ribosylation factor-1 (ARF-1).
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
May have a role in signal-induced cytoskeletal regulation and/or endocytosis.

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for PLD2 Gene

Phenotypes for PLD2 Gene

MGI mutant phenotypes for PLD2:
inferred from 3 alleles
GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for PLD2:
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with PLD2: view

Animal Models for PLD2 Gene

MGI Knock Outs for PLD2:

Animal Model Products

miRNA for PLD2 Gene

miRTarBase miRNAs that target PLD2

Inhibitory RNA Products

Flow Cytometry Products

No data available for Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function , Human Phenotype Ontology , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for PLD2 Gene

Localization for PLD2 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PLD2 Gene

Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Jensen Localization Image for PLD2 Gene COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for PLD2 gene
Compartment Confidence
plasma membrane 5
cytosol 4
endoplasmic reticulum 4
golgi apparatus 4
nucleus 4
cytoskeleton 1
endosome 1
extracellular 1
lysosome 1
mitochondrion 1
vacuole 1

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for PLD2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0098793 presynapse TAS 24252804
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PLD2: view

Pathways & Interactions for PLD2 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with PLD2: view

SIGNOR curated interactions for PLD2 Gene

Is activated by:
Is inactivated by:

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for PLD2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0006644 phospholipid metabolic process TAS --
GO:0006654 phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process IEA,TAS --
GO:0006655 phosphatidylglycerol biosynthetic process TAS --
GO:0007010 cytoskeleton organization TAS 9395408
GO:0008152 metabolic process IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with PLD2: view

Drugs & Compounds for PLD2 Gene

Products:

  1. Drug

(21) Drugs for PLD2 Gene - From: DrugBank, DGIdb, IUPHAR, HMDB, Tocris, and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
Choline Approved Nutra Target, product of 139
Zinc Approved Pharma 2102
oleic acid Experimental Pharma Full agonist, Agonist 0
Ethanolamine Experimental Pharma 0
ADP-ribosylation factor 1 Pharma Activation, Activator 0

(48) Additional Compounds for PLD2 Gene - From: Novoseek, HMDB, and Tocris

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
LPA(0:0/16:0)
  • 2-Hexadecanoyl-phosphatidic acid
  • 2-Palmitoyl-glycero-3-phosphate
  • LPA(0:0/16:0)
  • LPA(16:0)
  • Lysophosphatidic acid(0:0/16:0)
LPA(0:0/18:0)
  • 2-Octadecanoyl-phosphatidic acid
  • 2-Stearoyl-glycero-3-phosphate
  • LPA(0:0/18:0)
  • LPA(18:0)
  • Lysophosphatidic acid(0:0/18:0)
LPA(0:0/18:1(9Z))
  • 2-(9Z-Octadecenoyl)-phosphatidic acid
  • 2-Oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphate
  • LPA(0:0/18:1)
  • LPA(0:0/18:1n9)
  • LPA(0:0/18:1w9)
LPA(0:0/18:2(9Z,12Z))
  • 2-(9Z,12Z-Octadecadienoyl)-phosphatidic acid
  • 2-Linoleoyl-glycero-3-phosphate
  • LPA(0:0/18:2)
  • LPA(0:0/18:2n6)
  • LPA(0:0/18:2w6)
LPA(16:0/0:0)
  • 1-Hexadecanoyl-phosphatidic acid
  • 1-Palmitoyl lysophosphatidate
  • 1-Palmitoyl lysophosphatidic acid
  • 1-Palmitoyl-glycero-3-phosphate
  • 1-Palmitoylglycerol 3-phosphate

(5) Tocris Compounds for PLD2 Gene

Compound Action Cas Number
D609 Selective PC-PLC inhibitor 83373-60-8
m-3M3FBS Phospholipase C activator 200933-14-8
o-3M3FBS Inactive analog of m-3M3FBS (Cat. No. 1941) 313981-55-4
OBAA Phospholipase A2 inhibitor 221632-26-4
U 73122 Phospholipase C inhibitor 112648-68-7
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with PLD2: view

Transcripts for PLD2 Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone
  5. Flow Cytometry

mRNA/cDNA for PLD2 Gene

(6) REFSEQ mRNAs :
(9) Additional mRNA sequences :
(155) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
(15) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :

Unigene Clusters for PLD2 Gene

Phospholipase D2:
Representative Sequences:

Inhibitory RNA Products

Flow Cytometry Products

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for PLD2 Gene

ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10 ^ 11a · 11b ^ 12 ^ 13 ^ 14a · 14b ^ 15a · 15b · 15c ^ 16 ^ 17a · 17b ^ 18 ^ 19a ·
SP1: - - - -
SP2: - - - -
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:
SP6:
SP7:

ExUns: 19b ^ 20 ^ 21 ^ 22 ^ 23a · 23b · 23c ^ 24 ^ 25a · 25b
SP1:
SP2: -
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:
SP6:
SP7:

Relevant External Links for PLD2 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
PLD2
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for
PLD2

Expression for PLD2 Gene

Products:

  1. Primer

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for PLD2 Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for PLD2 Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for PLD2 GenemRNA expression by GTEx for PLD2 Gene

mRNA differential expression in normal tissues according to GTEx for PLD2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Esophagus - Mucosa (x4.3).

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for PLD2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Platelet (25.7), Cervix (19.1), and Liver, secretome (8.0).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, MOPED, and MaxQB for PLD2 Gene



SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for PLD2 Gene Hs.104519

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for PLD2 Gene

O14939-PLD2_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Ubiquitous.
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with PLD2: view

Primer Products

No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery and Protein tissue co-expression partners for PLD2 Gene

Orthologs for PLD2 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for PLD2 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia PLD2 35
  • 90.35 (n)
  • 92.28 (a)
PLD2 36
  • 92 (a)
 OneToOne
dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia PLD2 35
  • 84.82 (n)
  • 87.49 (a)
PLD2 36
  • 85 (a)
 OneToOne
mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Pld2 35
  • 87.17 (n)
  • 90.03 (a)
Pld2 16
Pld2 36
  • 90 (a)
 OneToOne
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia PLD2 35
  • 98.71 (n)
  • 98.78 (a)
PLD2 36
  • 99 (a)
 OneToOne
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Pld2 35
  • 87.5 (n)
  • 90.46 (a)
oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia PLD2 36
  • 76 (a)
 OneToOne
platypus
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
 Mammalia PLD2 36
  • 71 (a)
 OneToOne
lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia -- 36
  • 49 (a)
 ManyToMany
tropical clawed frog
(Silurana tropicalis)
 Amphibia pld2 35
  • 64 (n)
  • 63.35 (a)
zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii pld2 35
  • 61.35 (n)
  • 62.39 (a)
pld2 36
  • 58 (a)
 OneToOne
fruit fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta Pld 37
  • 47 (a)
Pld 36
  • 31 (a)
 OneToMany
worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans)
 Secernentea pld-1 37
  • 47 (a)
pld-1 36
  • 28 (a)
 OneToMany
baker's yeast
(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
 Saccharomycetes SPO14 36
  • 18 (a)
 OneToMany
SPO14 38
barley
(Hordeum vulgare)
 Liliopsida Hv.2078 35
corn
(Zea mays)
 Liliopsida Zm.50 35
sea squirt
(Ciona savignyi)
 Ascidiacea -- 36
  • 34 (a)
 OneToMany
Species with no ortholog for PLD2:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
  • chicken (Gallus gallus)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
  • green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • honey bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
  • malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • pig (Sus scrofa)
  • rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • rice (Oryza sativa)
  • rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • soybean (Glycine max)
  • stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Evolution for PLD2 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for PLD2 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for PLD2 (if available)

Paralogs for PLD2 Gene

Paralogs for PLD2 Gene

(1) SIMAP similar genes for PLD2 Gene using alignment to 8 proteins:

genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with PLD2: view

Variants for PLD2 Gene

Sequence variations from dbSNP and Humsavar for PLD2 Gene

SNP ID Clin Chr 17 pos Sequence Context AA Info Type
VAR_036503 A breast cancer sample
rs2286672 - 4,809,322(-) GAGAC(A/G)GTTGA upstream-variant-2KB, reference, missense
rs1052748 - 4,817,174(+) TCCCA(C/T)ATACC reference, missense
rs11545163 - 4,819,530(+) ATGGG(A/G/T)CAGAG reference, missense
rs3764897 -, - 4,819,581(-) CTACC(C/G/T)GAAGC intron-variant, reference, missense

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for PLD2 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
nsv833346 CNV Loss 17160897
nsv833347 CNV Loss 17160897
nsv820043 CNV Loss 19587683

Variation tolerance for PLD2 Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 81.1% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 13.96; 95.99% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Relevant External Links for PLD2 Gene

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD)
PLD2

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for PLD2 Gene

Disorders for PLD2 Gene

MalaCards: The human disease database

(1) MalaCards diseases for PLD2 Gene - From: DISEASES and GeneCards

Disorder Aliases PubMed IDs
tooth agenesis
  • familial tooth agenesis
- elite association - COSMIC cancer census association via MalaCards
Search PLD2 in MalaCards View complete list of genes associated with diseases

Relevant External Links for PLD2

Genetic Association Database (GAD)
PLD2
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator
PLD2
Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology:
PLD2
genes like me logo Genes that share disorders with PLD2: view

No data available for UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for PLD2 Gene

Publications for PLD2 Gene

  1. Cloning and initial characterization of a human phospholipase D2 (hPLD2). ADP-ribosylation factor regulates hPLD2. (PMID: 9582313) Lopez I. … Lambeth J.D. (J. Biol. Chem. 1998) 2 3 4 23 67
  2. Epidermal growth factor increases lysophosphatidic acid production in human ovarian cancer cells: roles for phospholipase D2 and receptor transactivation. (PMID: 19864325) Snider A.J. … Meier K.E. (Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. 2010) 3 23
  3. A comprehensive model that explains the regulation of phospholipase D2 activity by phosphorylation-dephosphorylation. (PMID: 20176813) Henkels K.M. … Gomez-Cambronero J. (Mol. Cell. Biol. 2010) 3 23
  4. Phospholipase D-mediated activation of IQGAP1 through Rac1 regulates hyperoxia-induced p47phox translocation and reactive oxygen species generation in lung endothelial cells. (PMID: 19366706) Usatyuk P.V. … Natarajan V. (J. Biol. Chem. 2009) 3 23
  5. mu-opioid receptor-stimulated synthesis of reactive oxygen species is mediated via phospholipase D2. (PMID: 19519662) Koch T. … HAPllt V. (J. Neurochem. 2009) 3 23

Products for PLD2 Gene

Sources for PLD2 Gene

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