Aliases for XIAP Gene
Aliases for XIAP Gene
External Ids for XIAP Gene
- HGNC: 592
- Entrez Gene: 331
- Ensembl: ENSG00000101966
- OMIM: 300079
- UniProtKB: P98170
Previous HGNC Symbols for XIAP Gene
- API3
- BIRC4
Previous GeneCards Identifiers for XIAP Gene
- GC0XP122823
- GC0XP122993
- GC0XP112378
Summaries for XIAP Gene
-
This gene encodes a protein that belongs to a family of apoptotic suppressor proteins. Members of this family share a conserved motif termed, baculovirus IAP repeat, which is necessary for their anti-apoptotic function. This protein functions through binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors TRAF1 and TRAF2 and inhibits apoptosis induced by menadione, a potent inducer of free radicals, and interleukin 1-beta converting enzyme. This protein also inhibits at least two members of the caspase family of cell-death proteases, caspase-3 and caspase-7. Mutations in this gene are the cause of X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 2 and 11.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
GeneCards Summary for XIAP Gene
XIAP (X-Linked Inhibitor Of Apoptosis) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with XIAP include lymphoproliferative syndrome, x-linked, 2 and lymphoproliferative syndrome, x-linked, 1. Among its related pathways are Apoptosis Modulation and Signaling and Apoptosis - multiple species. GO annotations related to this gene include ligase activity and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. An important paralog of this gene is NAIP.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for XIAP Gene
-
Multi-functional protein which regulates not only caspases and apoptosis, but also modulates inflammatory signaling and immunity, copper homeostasis, mitogenic kinase signaling, cell proliferation, as well as cell invasion and metastasis. Acts as a direct caspase inhibitor. Directly bind to the active site pocket of CASP3 and CASP7 and obstructs substrate entry. Inactivates CASP9 by keeping it in a monomeric, inactive state. Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase regulating NF-kappa-B signaling and the target proteins for its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity include: RIPK1, CASP3, CASP7, CASP8, CASP9, MAP3K2/MEKK2, DIABLO/SMAC, AIFM1, CCS and BIRC5/survivin. Ubiquitinion of CCS leads to enhancement of its chaperone activity toward its physiologic target, SOD1, rather than proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitinion of MAP3K2/MEKK2 and AIFM1 does not lead to proteasomal degradation. Plays a role in copper homeostasis by ubiquitinationg COMMD1 and promoting its proteasomal degradation. Can also function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway, targeting effector caspases for neddylation and inactivation. Regulates the BMP signaling pathway and the SMAD and MAP3K7/TAK1 dependent pathways leading to NF-kappa-B and JNK activation. Acts as an important regulator of innate immune signaling via regulation of Nodlike receptors (NLRs). Protects cells from spontaneous formation of the ripoptosome, a large multi-protein complex that has the capability to kill cancer cells in a caspase-dependent and caspase-independent manner. Suppresses ripoptosome formation by ubiquitinating RIPK1 and CASP8. Acts as a positive regulator of Wnt signaling and ubiquitinates TLE1, TLE2, TLE3, TLE4 and AES. Ubiquitination of TLE3 results in inhibition of its interaction with TCF7L2/TCF4 thereby allowing efficient recruitment and binding of the transcriptional coactivator beta-catenin to TCF7L2/TCF4 that is required to initiate a Wnt-specific transcriptional program.
-
The inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins are major regulators of apoptosis through interaction with components of the apoptotic signaling cascades. Discovered in baculovirus, human homologs can be described as baculovirus IAP repeat containing (BIRC) proteins.
No data available for PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for XIAP Gene
Genomics for XIAP Gene
Regulatory Elements for XIAP Gene
Enhancers for XIAP Gene
| GeneHancer Identifier | Score | Enhancer Sources | TSS distance (kb) | Number of Genes Away | Size (kb) | Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer | Other Gene Targets for Enhancer |
|---|
Enhancers around XIAP on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Promoters for XIAP Gene
| Ensembl Regulatory Elements (ENSRs) | TSS Distance (bp) | Size (bp) | Binding Sites for Transcription Factors within promoters |
|---|
ENSRs around XIAP on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the XIAP gene promoter:
Regulatory Element Products
Genomic Location for XIAP Gene
- Chromosome:
- X
- Start:
- 123,859,724 bp from pter
- End:
- 123,913,979 bp from pter
- Size:
- 54,256 bases
- Orientation:
- Plus strand
Genomic View for XIAP Gene
Genes around XIAP on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
- Cytogenetic band:
-
- Xq25 by Ensembl
- Xq25 by Entrez Gene
- Xq25 by HGNC
XIAP Gene in genomic location: bands according to
Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc
(and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Neighborhood
• Exon Structure
• Gene Density
RefSeq DNA sequence for XIAP Gene
Proteins for XIAP Gene
-
Protein details for XIAP Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
- Protein Symbol:
- P98170-XIAP_HUMAN
- Recommended name:
- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP
- Protein Accession:
- P98170
- D3DTF2
- Q9NQ14
Protein attributes for XIAP Gene
- Size:
- 497 amino acids
- Molecular mass:
- 56685 Da
- Quaternary structure:
-
- Monomer, and homodimer. Interacts with DIABLO/SMAC and with PRSS25; these interactions inhibit apoptotic suppressor activity. Interacts with TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 and AIFM1. Interaction with SMAC hinders binding of TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 and AIFM1. Interacts with TCF25 and COMMD1. Interacts with SEPT4 isoform 6, but not with other SEPT4 isoforms. Interacts with RIP1, RIP2, RIP3, RIP4, CCS and USP19. Interacts (via BIR 2 domain and BIR 3 domain) with HAX1 (via C-terminus) and this interaction blocks ubiquitination of XIAP/BIRC4. Interacts with the monomeric form of BIRC5/survivin. Interacts with TLE3 and TCF7L2/TCF4.
Protein Expression for XIAP Gene
Post-translational modifications for XIAP Gene
- Autoubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome in apoptotic cells.
- Phosphorylation by PKB/AKT protects XIAP against ubiquitination and protects the protein against proteasomal degradation.
- S-Nitrosylation down-regulates its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity.
- Ubiquitination at Lys 10, Lys 31, Lys 116, Lys 168, Lys 208, Lys 322, and Lys 328
- Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
Other Protein References for XIAP Gene
- ENSEMBL proteins:
- REFSEQ proteins:
Antibody Products
- EMD Millipore Complete listing of Mono and Polychlonal Antibodies for XIAP
- R&D Systems Antibodies for XIAP (XIAP)
- Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for XIAP (XIAP)
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for XIAP
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for XIAP
- Invitrogen Antibodies for XIAP
- antibodies-online Antibodies for XIAP: See all 170
- GeneTex XIAP antibody for XIAP
-
Custom Antibody ServicesProSci Antibodies for XIAP
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for XIAP
Protein Products
- R&D Systems Proteins and Enzymes for XIAP
-
OriGene Purified Proteins for XIAP
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for XIAP
- Origene Custom Protein Services for XIAP
- Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins for XIAP
- Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
-
Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for XIAP
- antibodies-online Proteins for XIAP: See all 10
- Search antibodies-online for peptides
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for XIAP
Assay Products
- R&D Systems Activity Assays, ELISAs, Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays, and other biochemical assays for XIAP
- Enzo Life Sciences assays for XIAP
- antibodies-online Kits for XIAP: See all 17
No data available for DME Specific Peptides for XIAP Gene
Domains & Families for XIAP Gene
Gene Families for XIAP Gene
Protein Domains for XIAP Gene
- InterPro:
- Blocks:
- ProtoNet:
Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for XIAP Gene
- GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:
Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry
P98170UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:
XIAP_HUMAN :- The first BIR domain is involved in interaction with TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 and is important for dimerization. The second BIR domain is sufficient to inhibit CASP3 and CASP7, while the third BIR is involved in CASP9 inhibition. The interactions with DIABLO/SMAC and PRSS25 are mediated by the second and third BIR domains.
- Belongs to the IAP family.
- Contains 3 BIR repeats.
- Domain:
-
- The first BIR domain is involved in interaction with TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 and is important for dimerization. The second BIR domain is sufficient to inhibit CASP3 and CASP7, while the third BIR is involved in CASP9 inhibition. The interactions with DIABLO/SMAC and PRSS25 are mediated by the second and third BIR domains.
- Family:
-
- Belongs to the IAP family.
- Similarity:
-
- Contains 3 BIR repeats.
- Contains 1 RING-type zinc finger.
Function for XIAP Gene
Molecular function for XIAP Gene
- UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
- Multi-functional protein which regulates not only caspases and apoptosis, but also modulates inflammatory signaling and immunity, copper homeostasis, mitogenic kinase signaling, cell proliferation, as well as cell invasion and metastasis. Acts as a direct caspase inhibitor. Directly bind to the active site pocket of CASP3 and CASP7 and obstructs substrate entry. Inactivates CASP9 by keeping it in a monomeric, inactive state. Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase regulating NF-kappa-B signaling and the target proteins for its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity include: RIPK1, CASP3, CASP7, CASP8, CASP9, MAP3K2/MEKK2, DIABLO/SMAC, AIFM1, CCS and BIRC5/survivin. Ubiquitinion of CCS leads to enhancement of its chaperone activity toward its physiologic target, SOD1, rather than proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitinion of MAP3K2/MEKK2 and AIFM1 does not lead to proteasomal degradation. Plays a role in copper homeostasis by ubiquitinationg COMMD1 and promoting its proteasomal degradation. Can also function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway, targeting effector caspases for neddylation and inactivation. Regulates the BMP signaling pathway and the SMAD and MAP3K7/TAK1 dependent pathways leading to NF-kappa-B and JNK activation. Acts as an important regulator of innate immune signaling via regulation of Nodlike receptors (NLRs). Protects cells from spontaneous formation of the ripoptosome, a large multi-protein complex that has the capability to kill cancer cells in a caspase-dependent and caspase-independent manner. Suppresses ripoptosome formation by ubiquitinating RIPK1 and CASP8. Acts as a positive regulator of Wnt signaling and ubiquitinates TLE1, TLE2, TLE3, TLE4 and AES. Ubiquitination of TLE3 results in inhibition of its interaction with TCF7L2/TCF4 thereby allowing efficient recruitment and binding of the transcriptional coactivator beta-catenin to TCF7L2/TCF4 that is required to initiate a Wnt-specific transcriptional program.
Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for XIAP Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0004842 | ubiquitin-protein transferase activity | IDA | 19473982 |
| GO:0016874 | ligase activity | IEA | -- |
Phenotypes for XIAP Gene
- MGI mutant phenotypes for XIAP:
-
inferred from 4 alleles
- cellular phenotype
- mortality/aging
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- reproductive system phenotype
- normal phenotype
- immune system phenotype
- cardiovascular system phenotype
- integument phenotype
- growth/size/body region phenotype
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- muscle phenotype
- limbs/digits/tail phenotype
- skeleton phenotype
- other phenotype
- GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for XIAP:
-
- Mildly decreased CFP-tsO45G cell surface transport
- Decreased ionizing radiation sensitivity
- Increased shRNA abundance (Z-score > 2)
- Decreased viability after Maraba virus infection
- Synthetic lethal with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)
- Increased cell death HMECs cells
- Increased viability with MLN4924 (a NAE inhibitor)
- Decreased shRNA abundance (Z-score < -2)
- Decreased influenza A virus infection
- Increased cilium length after serum starvation
- Increased cilium length
- Decreased HIV-1 infection
- Decreased viability after Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 infection and TNF-alpha/CHX stimulation
Animal Model Products
- Taconic Biosciences: Generate A Custom CRISPR Mouse Model For Your Study
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for XIAP gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for XIAP gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for XIAP
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for XIAP
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for XIAP
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for XIAP
miRNA for XIAP Gene
- miRTarBase miRNAs that target XIAP
-
- hsa-mir-34a-3p (MIRT006260)
- hsa-mir-200b-3p (MIRT006671)
- hsa-mir-200c-3p (MIRT006672)
- hsa-mir-429 (MIRT006675)
- hsa-mir-181a-5p (MIRT006950)
- hsa-mir-181b-5p (MIRT006951)
- hsa-mir-215-5p (MIRT024546)
- hsa-mir-192-5p (MIRT026131)
- hsa-mir-101-3p (MIRT027269)
- hsa-mir-96-5p (MIRT027901)
- hsa-mir-125b-5p (MIRT045901)
- hsa-mir-106a-5p (MIRT048312)
- hsa-mir-17-5p (MIRT050938)
- hsa-let-7e-5p (MIRT051500)
- hsa-mir-24-3p (MIRT053061)
- hsa-mir-4782-3p (MIRT054447)
- hsa-mir-7-5p (MIRT108696)
- hsa-mir-302a-5p (MIRT108706)
- hsa-mir-940 (MIRT108708)
- hsa-mir-3164 (MIRT108711)
- hsa-mir-3609 (MIRT108712)
- hsa-mir-548ah-5p (MIRT108713)
- hsa-mir-6808-5p (MIRT108715)
- hsa-mir-6820-3p (MIRT108716)
- hsa-mir-6893-5p (MIRT108717)
- hsa-mir-7844-5p (MIRT108718)
- hsa-mir-20a-5p (MIRT108719)
- hsa-mir-93-5p (MIRT108720)
- hsa-mir-106b-5p (MIRT108722)
- hsa-mir-20b-5p (MIRT108724)
- hsa-mir-526b-3p (MIRT108726)
- hsa-mir-519d-3p (MIRT108727)
- hsa-mir-616-3p (MIRT108729)
- hsa-mir-3606-5p (MIRT108730)
- hsa-mir-3668 (MIRT108731)
- hsa-mir-4517 (MIRT108732)
- hsa-mir-4796-3p (MIRT108733)
- hsa-mir-548at-5p (MIRT108734)
- hsa-mir-5583-3p (MIRT108735)
- hsa-mir-5696 (MIRT108737)
- hsa-mir-6073 (MIRT108738)
- hsa-mir-7852-3p (MIRT108739)
- hsa-mir-541-5p (MIRT124959)
- hsa-mir-3159 (MIRT124960)
- hsa-mir-30c-2-3p (MIRT124963)
- hsa-mir-30b-3p (MIRT124964)
- hsa-mir-30c-1-3p (MIRT124965)
- hsa-mir-3689a-3p (MIRT124968)
- hsa-mir-3689b-3p (MIRT124969)
- hsa-mir-3689c (MIRT124970)
- hsa-mir-2392 (MIRT124971)
- hsa-mir-6779-5p (MIRT124976)
- hsa-mir-6780a-5p (MIRT124977)
- hsa-mir-6788-5p (MIRT124978)
- hsa-mir-1273h-5p (MIRT124982)
- hsa-mir-33a-5p (MIRT124983)
- hsa-mir-33b-5p (MIRT124989)
- hsa-mir-34c-3p (MIRT175543)
- hsa-mir-421 (MIRT175554)
- hsa-mir-548k (MIRT175560)
- hsa-mir-1258 (MIRT175561)
- hsa-mir-3124-3p (MIRT175564)
- hsa-mir-4670-3p (MIRT175571)
- hsa-mir-4803 (MIRT175577)
- hsa-mir-548av-5p (MIRT175579)
- hsa-mir-8054 (MIRT175589)
- hsa-mir-150-3p (MIRT229203)
- hsa-mir-5579-5p (MIRT229205)
- hsa-mir-5692a (MIRT229216)
- hsa-mir-124-5p (MIRT365873)
- hsa-mir-935 (MIRT365875)
- hsa-mir-6732-3p (MIRT365890)
- hsa-mir-6507-5p (MIRT365905)
- hsa-mir-4289 (MIRT409529)
- hsa-mir-130a-3p (MIRT438510)
- hsa-mir-412-3p (MIRT439280)
- ebv-mir-bart10-3p (MIRT439282)
- hsa-mir-584-5p (MIRT491910)
- hsa-mir-889-3p (MIRT491911)
- hsa-mir-4729 (MIRT491912)
- hsa-mir-142-3p (MIRT491913)
- hsa-mir-6513-5p (MIRT520103)
- hsa-mir-887-5p (MIRT520104)
- hsa-mir-3913-5p (MIRT520105)
- hsa-mir-3122 (MIRT520106)
- hsa-mir-450a-1-3p (MIRT520107)
- hsa-mir-7977 (MIRT520108)
- hsa-mir-8085 (MIRT520109)
- hsa-mir-6731-5p (MIRT520110)
- hsa-mir-6878-5p (MIRT520111)
- hsa-mir-4770 (MIRT520112)
- hsa-mir-6088 (MIRT520113)
- hsa-mir-143-3p (MIRT520114)
- hsa-mir-15b-3p (MIRT520115)
- hsa-mir-383-3p (MIRT520116)
- hsa-mir-6807-5p (MIRT520117)
- hsa-mir-7151-3p (MIRT520118)
- hsa-mir-5095 (MIRT520119)
- hsa-mir-29a-5p (MIRT520120)
- hsa-mir-1292-3p (MIRT520121)
- hsa-mir-4438 (MIRT520123)
- hsa-mir-3679-3p (MIRT533131)
- hsa-mir-2355-5p (MIRT533132)
- hsa-mir-7159-5p (MIRT533133)
- hsa-mir-4272 (MIRT533134)
- hsa-mir-505-3p (MIRT533135)
- hsa-mir-4423-3p (MIRT542615)
- hsa-mir-449c-5p (MIRT542616)
- hsa-mir-34b-5p (MIRT542617)
- hsa-mir-2682-5p (MIRT542618)
- hsa-mir-6511a-5p (MIRT542619)
- hsa-mir-1910-3p (MIRT542620)
- hsa-mir-451b (MIRT542621)
- hsa-mir-4266 (MIRT552805)
- hsa-mir-4709-5p (MIRT552806)
- hsa-mir-6888-5p (MIRT552807)
- hsa-mir-548l (MIRT552808)
- hsa-mir-559 (MIRT552809)
- hsa-mir-548y (MIRT552810)
- hsa-mir-548w (MIRT552811)
- hsa-mir-548o-5p (MIRT552812)
- hsa-mir-548j-5p (MIRT552813)
- hsa-mir-548i (MIRT552814)
- hsa-mir-548h-5p (MIRT552815)
- hsa-mir-548d-5p (MIRT552816)
- hsa-mir-548c-5p (MIRT552817)
- hsa-mir-548bb-5p (MIRT552818)
- hsa-mir-548b-5p (MIRT552819)
- hsa-mir-548ay-5p (MIRT552820)
- hsa-mir-548au-5p (MIRT552821)
- hsa-mir-548as-5p (MIRT552822)
- hsa-mir-548ar-5p (MIRT552823)
- hsa-mir-548aq-5p (MIRT552824)
- hsa-mir-548ap-5p (MIRT552825)
- hsa-mir-548am-5p (MIRT552826)
- hsa-mir-548ak (MIRT552827)
- hsa-mir-548ae-5p (MIRT552828)
- hsa-mir-548ad-5p (MIRT552829)
- hsa-mir-548ab (MIRT552830)
- hsa-mir-548a-5p (MIRT552831)
- hsa-mir-466 (MIRT564956)
- hsa-mir-103a-2-5p (MIRT564957)
- hsa-mir-1322 (MIRT564958)
- hsa-mir-1272 (MIRT564959)
- hsa-mir-4643 (MIRT564960)
- hsa-mir-4789-3p (MIRT564961)
- hsa-mir-4264 (MIRT616150)
- hsa-mir-4797-3p (MIRT616151)
- hsa-mir-4302 (MIRT616152)
- hsa-mir-6733-3p (MIRT616153)
- hsa-mir-1305 (MIRT627268)
- hsa-mir-6749-3p (MIRT627269)
- hsa-mir-6792-3p (MIRT627270)
- hsa-mir-4691-5p (MIRT627271)
- hsa-mir-3189-3p (MIRT627272)
- hsa-mir-212-5p (MIRT627273)
- hsa-mir-660-3p (MIRT627274)
- hsa-mir-5193 (MIRT627275)
- hsa-mir-129-5p (MIRT638111)
- hsa-mir-3680-3p (MIRT638112)
- hsa-mir-557 (MIRT638113)
- hsa-mir-507 (MIRT638114)
- hsa-mir-450b-5p (MIRT638115)
- hsa-mir-3140-3p (MIRT638116)
- hsa-mir-153-5p (MIRT638117)
- hsa-mir-302f (MIRT638118)
- hsa-mir-744-3p (MIRT651459)
- hsa-mir-106a-3p (MIRT651460)
- hsa-mir-6501-5p (MIRT651461)
- hsa-mir-4430 (MIRT651462)
- hsa-mir-3652 (MIRT651463)
- hsa-mir-564 (MIRT651464)
- hsa-mir-122-5p (MIRT651465)
- hsa-mir-504-3p (MIRT651466)
- hsa-mir-3135b (MIRT651467)
- hsa-mir-183-5p (MIRT651468)
- hsa-mir-454-3p (MIRT651469)
- hsa-mir-3666 (MIRT651470)
- hsa-mir-4295 (MIRT651471)
- hsa-mir-301b-3p (MIRT651472)
- hsa-mir-301a-3p (MIRT651473)
- hsa-mir-130b-3p (MIRT651474)
- hsa-mir-5197-5p (MIRT651475)
- hsa-mir-6739-3p (MIRT665367)
- hsa-mir-375 (MIRT665368)
- hsa-mir-4677-5p (MIRT665369)
- hsa-mir-4273 (MIRT665370)
- hsa-mir-7156-5p (MIRT665371)
- hsa-mir-4762-5p (MIRT665372)
- hsa-mir-34b-3p (MIRT671727)
- hsa-mir-6821-5p (MIRT676860)
- hsa-mir-4284 (MIRT676861)
- hsa-mir-640 (MIRT678367)
- hsa-mir-378a-5p (MIRT678368)
- hsa-mir-1193 (MIRT678369)
- hsa-mir-6821-3p (MIRT678370)
- hsa-mir-6790-3p (MIRT678371)
- hsa-mir-4662a-5p (MIRT679181)
- hsa-mir-1976 (MIRT679182)
- hsa-mir-3653-5p (MIRT679183)
- hsa-mir-6747-3p (MIRT679184)
- hsa-mir-575 (MIRT679185)
- hsa-mir-4676-5p (MIRT679186)
- hsa-mir-6858-3p (MIRT679187)
- hsa-mir-6848-3p (MIRT680487)
- hsa-mir-6843-3p (MIRT680488)
- hsa-mir-150-5p (MIRT680489)
- hsa-mir-186-3p (MIRT680490)
- hsa-mir-6736-5p (MIRT682888)
- hsa-mir-4701-3p (MIRT682889)
- hsa-mir-1262 (MIRT682890)
- hsa-mir-6720-5p (MIRT682891)
- hsa-mir-6512-3p (MIRT682892)
- hsa-mir-6509-3p (MIRT682893)
- hsa-mir-661 (MIRT682894)
- hsa-mir-6776-5p (MIRT682895)
- hsa-mir-4793-3p (MIRT682896)
- hsa-mir-766-3p (MIRT682897)
- hsa-mir-6742-3p (MIRT682898)
- hsa-mir-6849-3p (MIRT682899)
- hsa-mir-1273g-3p (MIRT682900)
- hsa-mir-181a-2-3p (MIRT682901)
- hsa-mir-483-3p (MIRT682902)
- hsa-mir-508-5p (MIRT682903)
- hsa-mir-6818-3p (MIRT697604)
- hsa-mir-4684-5p (MIRT697605)
- hsa-mir-593-3p (MIRT697606)
- hsa-mir-6895-3p (MIRT697607)
- hsa-mir-5699-3p (MIRT697608)
- hsa-mir-4421 (MIRT697609)
- hsa-mir-10b-5p (MIRT697610)
- hsa-mir-10a-5p (MIRT697611)
- hsa-mir-19b-3p (MIRT726093)
- hsa-mir-19a-3p (MIRT726094)
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for XIAP
Clone Products
- OriGene clones in human for XIAP
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for XIAP
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for XIAP
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- Addgene plasmids for XIAP
Cell Line Products
-
Horizon Cell Lines for XIAP
-
ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for XIAP gene
-
ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for XIAP gene
-
ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for XIAP gene
Flow Cytometry Products
No data available for Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for XIAP Gene
Localization for XIAP Gene
Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for XIAP Gene
- Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=TLE3 promotes its nuclear localization.
| Compartment | Confidence |
|---|---|
| cytosol | 5 |
| nucleus | 5 |
| mitochondrion | 3 |
| plasma membrane | 2 |
| cytoskeleton | 1 |
| endoplasmic reticulum | 1 |
| extracellular | 1 |
| vacuole | 1 |
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IDA | 15665297 |
| GO:0005876 | NOT spindle microtubule | IBA | -- |
Pathways & Interactions for XIAP Gene
More details on SuperPathways for XIAP| Superpath | Contained pathways | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Apoptosis - multiple species | ||
| 2 | TNF signaling (REACTOME) |
.85
|
|
| 3 | CASP8 activity is inhibited | ||
| 4 | SMAC binds to IAPs | ||
| 5 | Apoptosis and survival Caspase cascade |
Pathways by source for XIAP Gene
2 Sino Biological pathways for XIAP Gene
1 GeneTex pathway for XIAP Gene
1 Cell Signaling Technology pathway for XIAP Gene
5 BioSystems pathways for XIAP Gene
18 Reactome pathways for XIAP Gene
1 PharmGKB pathway for XIAP Gene
9 KEGG pathways for XIAP Gene
10 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) pathways for XIAP Gene
2 R&D Systems pathways for XIAP Gene
5 Qiagen pathways for XIAP Gene
Interacting Proteins for XIAP Gene
Selected Interacting proteins:
P98170-XIAP_HUMAN
ENSP00000347858
for XIAP Gene via
MINT
STRING
UniProtKB
I2D
SIGNOR curated interactions for XIAP Gene
| GO ID | Qualified GO term | Evidence | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0006915 | apoptotic process | TAS | -- |
| GO:0006974 | cellular response to DNA damage stimulus | IEP | 18049476 |
| GO:0012501 | programmed cell death | TAS | -- |
| GO:0030510 | regulation of BMP signaling pathway | TAS | 18414036 |
| GO:0031398 | positive regulation of protein ubiquitination | IDA | 21931591 |
Drugs & Compounds for XIAP Gene
| Name | Status | Disease Links | Group | Role | Mechanism of Action | Clinical Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mitomycin | Approved | Pharma | Inhibits DNA synthesis,antibiotic and antitumor agent | 0 | ||
| 1-[3,3-Dimethyl-2-(2-Methylamino-Propionylamino)-Butyryl]-Pyrrolidine-2-Carboxylic Acid(1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-Naphthalen-1-Yl)-Amide | Experimental | Pharma | Target | 0 | ||
| N-METHYLALANYL-3-METHYLVALYL-4-PHENOXY-N-(1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDRONAPHTHALEN-1-YL)PROLINAMIDE | Experimental | Pharma | Target | 0 | ||
| Phenoxodiol | Investigational | Pharma | inhibitor | Caspase activator, XIAP inhibitor, FLIP suppressor, and TOPO II inhibitor | 0 | |
| GDC-0152 | Pharma | IAP antagonist,potent amd samll-molecule | 0 |
| Name | Synonyms | Role | CAS Number | PubChem IDs | PubMed IDs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AZD 5582 dihydrochloride |
|
|
|
|||
| UC 112 |
|
383392-66-3 |
|
|
(4) Tocris Compounds for XIAP Gene
| Compound | Action | Cas Number |
|---|---|---|
| AZD 5582 dihydrochloride | Dimeric Smac mimetic; potent IAP inhibitor | |
| Embelin | Inhibitor of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP); cell-permeable and antitumor | 550-24-3 |
| Triptolide | Inhibits RNAPII-mediated transcription; antitumor, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive | 38748-32-2 |
| UC 112 | IAP and XIAP inhibitor; antitumor | 383392-66-3 |
(7) ApexBio Compounds for XIAP Gene
| Compound | Action | Cas Number |
|---|---|---|
| BV6 | 1001600-56-1 | |
| Embelin | XIAP inhibitor,cell-permeable | 550-24-3 |
| GDC-0152 | IAP antagonist,potent amd samll-molecule | 873652-48-3 |
| LCL161 | Antagonist of IAPs inhibitor | 1005342-46-0 |
| Matrine | Alkaloid found in Sophora plant | 519-02-8 |
| Mitomycin C | Inhibits DNA synthesis,antibiotic and antitumor agent | 1950-07-7 |
| SM-164 | Anticancer agent | 957135-43-2 |
Transcripts for XIAP Gene
mRNA/cDNA for XIAP Gene
- (4) REFSEQ mRNAs :
- (7) Additional mRNA sequences :
- (204) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
- (11) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :
Unigene Clusters for XIAP Gene
CRISPR Products
-
OriGene CRISPR knockouts for XIAP
-
Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for XIAP
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for XIAP
miRNA Products
- Search ViGene Biosciences for XIAP
Clone Products
- OriGene clones in human for XIAP
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for XIAP
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for XIAP
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- Addgene plasmids for XIAP
Flow Cytometry Products
Expression for XIAP Gene
This gene is overexpressed in Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (16.7) and Pancreas (8.5).
Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, MOPED, and MaxQB for XIAP Gene
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for XIAP Gene Hs.356076
mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for XIAP Gene
P98170-XIAP_HUMAN
Tissue specificity:
Ubiquitous, except peripheral blood leukocytes.
Primer Products
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs for XIAP
-
OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for XIAP
No data available for mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery and mRNA differential expression in normal tissues for XIAP Gene
Orthologs for XIAP Gene
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
| Organism | Taxonomy | Gene | Similarity | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cow (Bos Taurus) |
Mammalia | XIAP 35 |
|
||
| XIAP 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| dog (Canis familiaris) |
Mammalia | XIAP 35 |
|
||
| BIRC4 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| mouse (Mus musculus) |
Mammalia | Xiap 35 |
|
||
| Xiap 16 |
|
||||
| Xiap 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) |
Mammalia | XIAP 35 |
|
||
| XIAP 36 |
|
OneToOne | |||
| rat (Rattus norvegicus) |
Mammalia | Xiap 35 |
|
||
| oppossum (Monodelphis domestica) |
Mammalia | -- 36 |
|
OneToMany | |
| platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) |
Mammalia | -- 36 |
|
OneToMany | |
| chicken (Gallus gallus) |
Aves | XIAP 35 |
|
||
| IAP3 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| lizard (Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia | -- 36 |
|
OneToMany | |
| tropical clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) |
Amphibia | xiap 35 |
|
||
| zebrafish (Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii | xiap 35 |
|
||
| xiap 36 |
|
OneToMany | |||
| rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) |
Actinopterygii | Omy.4242 35 |
|
||
| African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae) |
Insecta | AgaP_AGAP012677 35 |
|
||
| fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta | Iap2 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| th 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| sea squirt (Ciona savignyi) |
Ascidiacea | -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany | |||
| -- 36 |
|
ManyToMany |
- Species with no ortholog for XIAP:
-
- A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
- Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
- Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
- alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
- amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
- Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
- baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
- beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
- bread mold (Neurospora crassa)
- Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
- common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
- corn (Zea mays)
- E. coli (Escherichia coli)
- filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
- Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
- fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
- green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
- honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
- loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
- malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
- medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
- moss (Physcomitrella patens)
- orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
- pig (Sus scrofa)
- rice (Oryza sativa)
- rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
- schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
- sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
- sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
- sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
- soybean (Glycine max)
- stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
- sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
- thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
- tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
- toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
- worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)
Paralogs for XIAP Gene
(4) SIMAP similar genes for XIAP Gene using alignment to 3 proteins:
Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for XIAP Gene
Variants for XIAP Gene
| SNP ID | Clin | Chr 0X pos | Sequence Context | AA Info | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs28382721 | - | 123,885,982(+) | TACAA(A/G)TTCTG | intron-variant, reference, missense | |
| rs28382722 | - | 123,886,060(+) | GCCAT(C/T)TGAGA | intron-variant, reference, missense | |
| rs28382723 | - | 123,886,388(+) | TCTGA(G/T)GCTGT | intron-variant, reference, missense | |
| rs5956583 | - | 123,900,661(+) | TATGC(A/C)AGATG | nc-transcript-variant, reference, missense | |
| rs747672097 | -- | 123,907,376(+) | TATTA(A/T)CCATT | nc-transcript-variant, utr-variant-3-prime |
Residual Variation Intolerance Score:
69.8% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score:
6.43;
77.26% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Relevant External Links for XIAP Gene
No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for XIAP Gene
Disorders for XIAP Gene
(15) MalaCards diseases for XIAP Gene - From: OMIM, ClinVar, GeneTests, Orphanet, DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards
| Disorder | Aliases | PubMed IDs |
|---|---|---|
| lymphoproliferative syndrome, x-linked, 2 |
|
|
| lymphoproliferative syndrome, x-linked, 1 |
|
|
| dysgammaglobulinemia |
|
|
| thymic hyperplasia |
|
|
| malignant pleural mesothelioma |
|
Search XIAP in MalaCards
View complete list of genes associated with diseases
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
XIAP_HUMAN- Lymphoproliferative syndrome, X-linked, 2 (XLP2) [MIM:300635]: A rare immunodeficiency characterized by extreme susceptibility to infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Symptoms include severe or fatal mononucleosis, acquired hypogammaglobulinemia, pancytopenia and malignant lymphoma. {ECO:0000269 PubMed:17080092}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Relevant External Links for XIAP
No data available for Genatlas for XIAP Gene
Publications for XIAP Gene
- A conserved family of cellular genes related to the baculovirus iap gene and encoding apoptosis inhibitors. (PMID: 8654366) Duckett C.S. … Thompson C.B. (EMBO J. 1996) 2 3 4 67
- The time course of Akt and ERK activation on XIAP expression in HEK 293 cell line. (PMID: 19649722) Abkhezr M. … Ghahremani M.H. (Mol. Biol. Rep. 2010) 3 23
- AKT controls human first trimester trophoblast cell sensitivity to FAS-mediated apoptosis by regulating XIAP expression. (PMID: 19726736) Straszewski-Chavez S.L. … Mor G. (Biol. Reprod. 2010) 3 23
- Molecular interaction between HAX-1 and XIAP inhibits apoptosis. (PMID: 20171186) Kang Y.J. … Park S.G. (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2010) 3 23
- X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein expression after ischemic injury in the human and rat developing brain. (PMID: 18703998) Askalan R. … Hawkins C. (Pediatr. Res. 2009) 3 23
Products for XIAP Gene
- R&D Systems Antibodies for XIAP (XIAP)
- R&D Systems Proteins and Enzymes for XIAP
- R&D Systems Activity Assays, ELISAs, Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays, and other biochemical assays for XIAP
- Browse Primary Antibodies
- Browse Proteins and Enzymes
- Browse ELISAs
- Browse Activity Assays
- Browse cDNA Clones
- Browse Cell Culture Products
- Browse Cell Selection and Detection Kits
- Browse DNA Damage and Repair Kits
- Browse ELISpot/FluoroSpot Kits and Development Modules
- Browse Flow Cytometry Kits
- Browse Immunoprecipitation Assays
- Browse Luminex Assays
- Browse Peptides
- Browse Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays
- Browse Small Molecules
- Custom Antibody Services
- Browse OriGene ELISA Kits
- Custom Assay Services
- OriGene Purified Proteins for XIAP
- Search Origene for MassSpec and Protein Over-expression Lysates for XIAP
- Origene Custom Protein Services for XIAP
- Origene siRNA, shRNA, mouse_rna, rat_shrna, and RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for XIAP
- Browse OriGene Inhibitory RNA Products For XIAP
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs for XIAP
- OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for XIAP
- OriGene CRISPR knockouts for XIAP
- OriGene clones in human for XIAP
- OriGene ORF clones in human,mouse,rat for XIAP
- Custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
- GenScript: cDNA clones in your preferred vector
- GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for XIAP
- GenScript Custom Assay Services for XIAP
- GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for XIAP
- GenScript: Design CRISPR guide RNA sequences for XIAP
- Design optimal peptide antigens
- CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
- Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector
- Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection
- Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11
- Plasmid Preparation
- GenScript Custom Peptide Services for XIAP
- Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for XIAP (XIAP)
- Search for Antibodies & Assays
- Browse Enzo Life Sciences for proteins
- Enzo Life Sciences assays for XIAP
- Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for XIAP
- Search Enzo Life Sciences for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies
- Novus Biologicals Antibodies for XIAP
- Novus Biologicals proteins and lysates for XIAP
- Novus Biologicals
- Novus Biologicals Tissue Microarrays
- Cloud-Clone Corp. Antibodies for XIAP
- Cloud-Clone Corp. Proteins for XIAP
- Invitrogen Antibodies for XIAP
- Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat
- ApexBio compounds for XIAP
- Addgene plasmids for XIAP
- antibodies-online Antibodies for XIAP: See all 170
- antibodies-online Kits for XIAP: See all 17
- antibodies-online Proteins for XIAP: See all 10
- Search antibodies-online for peptides
- GeneTex XIAP antibody for XIAP
- Search GeneTex for Proteins for XIAP
- ViGene Biosciences adenoviral particle packaged cDNA for XIAP gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for XIAP gene
- ViGene Biosciences lentiviral particle packaged cDNA for XIAP gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for XIAP gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for XIAP gene
- ViGene Biosciences ready-to-package AAV shRNAs for XIAP gene
- Search ViGene Biosciences for XIAP
- Search ViGene Biosciences for XIAP
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) Antibodies for XIAP
- Search Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) for XIAP siRNA/shRNA
- Santa Cruz Biotechnology (SCBT) CRISPR for XIAP
- Custom Antibody ServicesProSci Antibodies for XIAP
- Horizon Cell Lines for XIAP
Sources for XIAP Gene
- (1) GeneCards
- (2) HGNC
- (3) EntrezGene
- (4) Swiss-Prot
- (5) Ensembl
- (6) OMIM
- (7) GeneLoc
- (8) Gene Wiki
- (9) UCSC
- (10) PhosphoSitePlus
- (11) GO
- (12) TrEMBL
- (13) InterPro
- (14) ProtoNet
- (15) Blocks
- (16) MGI
- (17) IUBMB
- (18) KEGG
- (19) MINT
- (20) STRING
- (21) I2D
- (22) IntAct
- (23) Novoseek
- (24) PharmGKB
- (25) DrugBank
- (26) HMDB
- (27) UniGene
- (28) AceView
- (29) RNAdb
- (30) ASD
- (31) ECgene
- (32) GeneAnnot
- (33) SAGE
- (34) SOURCE
- (35) HomoloGene
- (36) PanEnsembl
- (37) euGenes
- (38) SGD
- (39) FlyBase
- (40) WormBase
- (41) Pseudogene
- (42) DGV
- (43) dbSNP
- (44) HapMap
- (45) GenAtlas
- (46) GeneTests
- (47) HGMD
- (48) GAD
- (49) LSDB
- (50) BGMUT
- (51) HuGE
- (52) eBioscience
- (53) Atlas
- (54) Cell Signaling Technology
- (55) GenBank
- (56) H-invDB
- (57) HORDE
- (58) HUGE
- (59) IMGT
- (60) Leiden
- (61) MILLIPORE
- (62) miRBase
- (63) DME
- (64) Nature
- (65) NCBI
- (66) OriGene
- (67) PubMed
- (68) R&D Systems
- (69) Salk
- (70) TGDB
- (71) Tufts
- (72) YEDA
- (73) CROW21
- (74) Tocris
- (75) Abcam
- (76) Novus
- (77) ProSpec
- (78) Sino Biological
- (79) GenScript
- (80) Qiagen
- (81) Cloud-Clone Corp.
- (82) Enzo Life Sciences
- (83) OCA
- (84) Proteopedia
- (85) MOPED
- (86) SPIRE
- (87) neXtProt
- (88) Reactome
- (89) GeneGo (Thomson Reuters)
- (90) fRNAdb
- (91) DISEASES
- (92) SIMAP
- (93) GenomeRNAi
- (94) LifeMap
- (95) miRTarBase
- (96) MalaCards
- (97) Invitrogen
- (98) BitterDB
- (99) Vector BioLabs
- (100) ESI-BIO
- (101) RefSeq
- (102) BioSystems
- (103) MaxQB
- (104) IUPHAR
- (105) BioGPS
- (106) Illumina
- (107) COMPARTMENTS
- (108) HOMER
- (109) PaxDb
- (110) ApexBio
- (111) Addgene
- (112) Advanced Cell Diagnostics
- (113) antibodies-online
- (114) CYP
- (115) NONCODE
- (116) SwitchGear Genomics
- (117) TreeFam
- (118) PathCards
- (119) GeneReviews
- (120) GeneTex
- (121) Taconic Biosciences
- (122) GTEx
- (123) ProteomicsDB
- (124) SCBT
- (125) DGIdb
- (126) ClinicalTrials
- (127) FDA Approved Drugs
- (128) RVIS
- (129) SIGNOR
- (130) diseasecard
- (131) NIH Rare Diseases
- (132) Orphanet
- (133) UMLS
- (134) GTR
- (135) Disease Ontology
- (136) Genetics Home Reference
- (137) MeSH
- (138) MedlinePlus
- (139) CDC
- (140) NINDS
- (141) NCBI Bookshelf
- (142) ClinVar
- (143) Gene Damage Index
- (144) ViGene Biosciences
- (145) HPO
- (146) UDN
- (147) VISTA
- (148) FANTOM5
- (149) ENCODE
- (150) ProSci
- (151) Horizon