Free for academic non-profit institutions. Other users need a Commercial license

SAT2 Gene(Protein Coding)

Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase Family Member 2

GCID:
GC17M007626
GIFtS:
55
Genes Participants
UDN Logo

Aliases for SAT2 Gene

Subcategory (RNA class) for SAT2 Gene

lncRNA

Aliases for SAT2 Gene

  • Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase Family Member 2 2 3 5
  • Spermidine/Spermine N(1)-Acetyltransferase 2 3 4
  • Thialysine N-Epsilon-Acetyltransferase 3 4
  • Polyamine N-Acetyltransferase 2 3 4
  • Diamine N-Acetyltransferase 2 2 3
  • SSAT2 3 4
  • Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase 2 2
  • Diamine Acetyltransferase 2 3
  • EC 2.3.1.57 4

External Ids for SAT2 Gene

ORGUL Members for SAT2 Gene

Previous GeneCards Identifiers for SAT2 Gene

  • GC17M007472
  • GC17M007730
  • GC17M007470
  • GC17M007529
  • GC17M007423

Summaries for SAT2 Gene

GeneCards Summary for SAT2 Gene

SAT2 (Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase Family Member 2) is a Protein Coding gene, and is affiliated with the lncRNA class. Among its related pathways are Arginine and proline metabolism and spermine and spermidine degradation I. GO annotations related to this gene include transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups and diamine N-acetyltransferase activity. An important paralog of this gene is SAT1.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for SAT2 Gene

  • Enzyme which catalyzes the acetylation of polyamines. Substrate specificity: norspermidine > spermidine = spermine >> N(1)acetylspermine = putrescine.

Gene Wiki entry for SAT2 Gene

No data available for Entrez Gene Summary , CIViC summary , Tocris Summary , PharmGKB "VIP" Summary , fRNAdb sequence ontologies and piRNA Summary for SAT2 Gene

Genomics for SAT2 Gene

Products:

  1. Regulatory Element

Regulatory Elements for SAT2 Gene

Enhancers for SAT2 Gene
GeneHancer Identifier Enhancer Score Enhancer Sources Gene-Enhancer Score TSS distance (kb) Number of Genes Away Size (kb) Transcription Factor Binding Sites within enhancer Gene Targets for Enhancer
GH17G007571 1.7 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 25.4 +49.7 49718 14.2 MLX CREB3L1 AGO1 ZFP64 DMAP1 YBX1 FEZF1 YY1 SLC30A9 ZNF416 DVL2 PFAS ENSG00000265749 SNORD10 SNORA48 CTC1 CNTROB SAT2 ENSG00000262089 NLGN2
GH17G007548 1.7 FANTOM5 Ensembl ENCODE 22.4 +76.7 76663 6.0 HDGF PKNOX1 CREB3L1 AGO1 ARID4B SIN3A FEZF1 YY1 ZNF766 ZNF143 TNFSF12 SAT2 CHRNB1 ATP1B2 TMEM102 CD68 ACAP1 WRAP53 GC17M007548 TNFSF12-TNFSF13
GH17G007586 1.4 Ensembl ENCODE dbSUPER 25.5 +38.6 38567 5.7 HDGF PKNOX1 ARID4B SIN3A KLF17 ZNF2 RAD21 ZNF121 GLIS2 SMARCC2 SAT2 SENP3 LOC100996842 ZBTB4 NEURL4 DVL2 KIAA0753 TNFSF12 NLGN2 CHRNB1
GH17G007556 1.3 ENCODE dbSUPER 23.1 +68.1 68086 7.1 HDGF MLX ZFP64 WRNIP1 ARID4B SIN3A DMAP1 YY1 ZNF143 DEK SAT2 CHRNB1 TNFSF12 TNFSF13 SNORA48 GC17P007679
GH17G007625 1.1 ENCODE 26.3 -0.3 -348 5.8 PKNOX1 SIN3A ARID4B DMAP1 ZBTB7B YY1 ZNF416 SP3 MXD4 NFYC SAT2 CHRNB1 DVL2 WRAP53 TP53 EFNB3 SENP3 DNAH2 KCNAB3 CNTROB
- Elite enhancer and/or Elite enhancer-gene association Download GeneHancer data dump

Enhancers around SAT2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Promoters for SAT2 Gene
Ensembl Regulatory Elements (ENSRs) TSS Distance (bp) Size (bp) Binding Sites for Transcription Factors within promoters
ENSR00000090885 276 1201 PKNOX1 SIN3A ARID4B DMAP1 ZNF48 YY1 TCF12 GLIS2 ZNF416 SP3

Transcription factor binding sites by QIAGEN in the SAT2 gene promoter:

Genomic Location for SAT2 Gene

Chromosome:
17
Start:
7,626,234 bp from pter
End:
7,627,876 bp from pter
Size:
1,643 bases
Orientation:
Minus strand

Genomic View for SAT2 Gene

Genes around SAT2 on UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Cytogenetic band:
SAT2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to GeneLoc (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
Genomic Location for SAT2 Gene
GeneLoc Logo Genomic Neighborhood • Exon Structure • Gene Density

RefSeq DNA sequence for SAT2 Gene

Proteins for SAT2 Gene

Products:

  1. Antibody
  2. Protein
  3. Assay

  • Protein details for SAT2 Gene (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

    Protein Symbol:
    Q96F10-SAT2_HUMAN
    Recommended name:
    Diamine acetyltransferase 2
    Protein Accession:
    Q96F10

    Protein attributes for SAT2 Gene

    Size:
    170 amino acids
    Molecular mass:
    19155 Da
    Quaternary structure:
    • Homodimer.
    Miscellaneous:
    • Under physiological conditions, SSAT2 is expressed at lower level that SSAT1 (SSAT). Many tissues express only SSAT1, several tissues express both SSAT1 and SSAT2, and bone, cervix, ovary and pineal gland expressed only SSAT2.

    Three dimensional structures from OCA and Proteopedia for SAT2 Gene

neXtProt entry for SAT2 Gene

Protein Expression for SAT2 Gene

See protein expression from ProteomicsDB, MOPED, PaxDb, and MaxQB

Post-translational modifications for SAT2 Gene

  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus
  • Modification sites at neXtProt

Other Protein References for SAT2 Gene

ENSEMBL proteins:
REFSEQ proteins:

No data available for DME Specific Peptides for SAT2 Gene

Domains & Families for SAT2 Gene

Gene Families for SAT2 Gene

HGNC:

Protein Domains for SAT2 Gene

InterPro:
Blocks:
ProtoNet:

Suggested Antigen Peptide Sequences for SAT2 Gene

GenScript: Design optimal peptide antigens:

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry

Q96F10

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:

SAT2_HUMAN :
  • Belongs to the acetyltransferase family.
Family:
  • Belongs to the acetyltransferase family.
genes like me logo Genes that share domains with SAT2: view

Function for SAT2 Gene

Products:

  1. Animal Model
  2. CRISPR
  3. miRNA
  4. Inhibitory RNA
  5. Clone
  6. Cell Line

Molecular function for SAT2 Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot CatalyticActivity:
Acetyl-CoA + an alkane-alpha,omega-diamine = CoA + an N-acetyldiamine.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Function:
Enzyme which catalyzes the acetylation of polyamines. Substrate specificity: norspermidine > spermidine = spermine >> N(1)acetylspermine = putrescine.
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Induction:
Not inducible by polyamine analogs.

Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB) for SAT2 Gene

Gene Ontology (GO) - Molecular Function for SAT2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0004145 diamine N-acetyltransferase activity IDA 12803540
GO:0005515 protein binding IPI 16189514
GO:0008080 N-acetyltransferase activity IEA --
GO:0016740 transferase activity IEA --
GO:0016746 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups IEA --
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with SAT2: view

Phenotypes for SAT2 Gene

GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for SAT2:
genes like me logo Genes that share phenotypes with SAT2: view

Animal Model Products

miRNA for SAT2 Gene

miRTarBase miRNAs that target SAT2

Inhibitory RNA Products

Clone Products

No data available for Human Phenotype Ontology , Animal Models , Transcription Factor Targets and HOMER Transcription for SAT2 Gene

Localization for SAT2 Gene

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for SAT2 Gene

Cytoplasm. Note=Intracellular organelles.

Subcellular locations from

COMPARTMENTS
Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization image for SAT2 gene
Compartment Confidence
extracellular 5
cytosol 3
plasma membrane 2
nucleus 2

Gene Ontology (GO) - Cellular Components for SAT2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0005737 cytoplasm IEA --
GO:0070062 extracellular exosome IDA 19056867
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with SAT2: view

Pathways & Interactions for SAT2 Gene

genes like me logo Genes that share pathways with SAT2: view

Pathways by source for SAT2 Gene

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q96F10-SAT2_HUMAN

  • Pathway: Amine and polyamine degradation; putrescine degradation; N-acetylputrescine from putrescine: step 1/1.

Gene Ontology (GO) - Biological Process for SAT2 Gene

GO ID Qualified GO term Evidence PubMed IDs
GO:0009447 putrescine catabolic process IEA --
GO:0032918 spermidine acetylation IDA 12803540
GO:0032919 spermine acetylation IDA 12803540
GO:0032920 putrescine acetylation IDA 12803540
GO:0046204 nor-spermidine metabolic process IDA 12803540
genes like me logo Genes that share ontologies with SAT2: view

No data available for SIGNOR curated interactions for SAT2 Gene

Drugs & Compounds for SAT2 Gene

Products:

  1. Drug

(4) Drugs for SAT2 Gene - From: DrugBank, HMDB, and Novoseek

Name Status Disease Links Group Role Mechanism of Action Clinical Trials
spermine Approved Nutra Full agonist, Agonist, Enzyme, substrate 0
putrescine Experimental Pharma Antagonist, Pore Blocker 0
Coenzyme A Nutra 0

(4) Additional Compounds for SAT2 Gene - From: HMDB

Name Synonyms Role CAS Number PubChem IDs PubMed IDs
acetyl-coa
  • Ac-CoA
  • Ac-Coenzyme A
  • Ac-S-CoA
  • Ac-S-Coenzyme A
  • Acetyl coenzyme-A
 72-89-9
N1-Acetylspermidine
  • 1-N-Acetylspermidine
  • An N-acetylspermidine
  • N(1)-Acetylspermidine
  • N-(3-((4-Aminobutyl)amino)propyl)-Acetamide
  • N-(3-((4-Aminobutyl)amino)propyl)acetamide
 14278-49-0
N1-acetylspermine
  • N'-Acetylspermine
  • N'-Monoacetylspermine
  • N(1)-Acetylspermine
  • N-(3-((4-((3-Aminopropyl)amino)butyl)amino)propyl)-Acetamide
  • N-Acetylspermine
 25593-72-0
N-Acetylputrescine
  • Acetylputrescine
  • Monoacetylputrescine
  • N-(4-Aminobutyl)acetamide
 18233-70-0
genes like me logo Genes that share compounds with SAT2: view

Transcripts for SAT2 Gene

Products:

  1. CRISPR
  2. miRNA
  3. Inhibitory RNA
  4. Clone

mRNA/cDNA for SAT2 Gene

(6) REFSEQ mRNAs :
(4) Additional mRNA sequences :
(204) Selected AceView cDNA sequences:
(14) Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant :

Unigene Clusters for SAT2 Gene

Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase family member 2:
Representative Sequences:

Inhibitory RNA Products

Clone Products

Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for SAT2 Gene

ExUns: 1a · 1b · 1c · 1d · 1e · 1f · 1g · 1h · 1i ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4a · 4b · 4c ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6a · 6b · 6c · 6d · 6e · 6f · 6g
SP1: - -
SP2: - - -
SP3: - -
SP4: - - - -
SP5: - - - - -
SP6: - - -
SP7: -
SP8: - - -
SP9:
SP10:
SP11: -

Relevant External Links for SAT2 Gene

GeneLoc Exon Structure for
SAT2
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for
SAT2

Expression for SAT2 Gene

Products:

  1. Primer

mRNA expression in normal human tissues from GTEx, Illumina, BioGPS, and CGAP SAGE for SAT2 Gene

mRNA expression in normal human tissues for SAT2 Gene
mRNA expression by BioGPS for SAT2 GenemRNA expression by GTEx for SAT2 Gene

mRNA expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells from LifeMap Discovery

Protein differential expression in normal tissues from HIPED for SAT2 Gene

This gene is overexpressed in Liver, secretome (12.7), Kidney (11.4), Liver (9.6), and Adrenal (7.0).

Integrated Proteomics: protein expression in normal tissues and cell lines from ProteomicsDB, PaxDb, MaxQB, and MOPED for SAT2 Gene



NURSA nuclear receptor signaling pathways regulating expression of SAT2 Gene:

SAT2

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster for SAT2 Gene:

Hs.10846

mRNA Expression by UniProt/SwissProt for SAT2 Gene:

Q96F10-SAT2_HUMAN
Tissue specificity: Widely expressed.

Evidence on tissue expression from TISSUES for SAT2 Gene

  • Liver(4.4)
  • Lung(4.4)
  • Nervous system(3)
  • Kidney(2.2)
  • Adrenal gland(2.1)
genes like me logo Genes that share expression patterns with SAT2: view

Primer Products

No data available for mRNA differential expression in normal tissues , Protein tissue co-expression partners and Phenotype-based relationships between genes and organs from Gene ORGANizer for SAT2 Gene

Orthologs for SAT2 Gene

This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals and fungi.

Orthologs for SAT2 Gene

Organism Taxonomy Gene Similarity Type Details
chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
 Mammalia SAT2 34 35
  • 99.8 (n)
cow
(Bos Taurus)
 Mammalia SAT2 34 35
  • 88.63 (n)
dog
(Canis familiaris)
 Mammalia SAT2 34 35
  • 86.27 (n)
rat
(Rattus norvegicus)
 Mammalia Sat2 34
  • 84.42 (n)
mouse
(Mus musculus)
 Mammalia Sat2 34 16 35
  • 82.75 (n)
oppossum
(Monodelphis domestica)
 Mammalia SAT2 35
  • 60 (a)
 OneToOne
lizard
(Anolis carolinensis)
 Reptilia SAT2 35
  • 41 (a)
 OneToOne
tropical clawed frog
(Silurana tropicalis)
 Amphibia LOC100487185 34
  • 58.82 (n)
zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
 Actinopterygii sat2b 34 35
  • 57.67 (n)
African malaria mosquito
(Anopheles gambiae)
 Insecta AgaP_AGAP002239 34
  • 51.72 (n)
fruit fly
(Drosophila melanogaster)
 Insecta CG4210 34 35
  • 47.59 (n)
worm
(Caenorhabditis elegans)
 Secernentea CELE_D2023.4 34
  • 46.41 (n)
D2023.4 35
  • 37 (a)
 OneToMany
bread mold
(Neurospora crassa)
 Ascomycetes NCU07589 34
  • 51.57 (n)
fission yeast
(Schizosaccharomyces pombe)
 Schizosaccharomycetes ats1 34
  • 47.38 (n)
Species where no ortholog for SAT2 was found in the sources mined by GeneCards:
  • A. gosspyii yeast (Ashbya gossypii)
  • Actinobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
  • African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)
  • Alicante grape (Vitis vinifera)
  • alpha proteobacteria (Wolbachia pipientis)
  • amoeba (Dictyostelium discoideum)
  • Archea (Pyrococcus horikoshii)
  • baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
  • barley (Hordeum vulgare)
  • beta proteobacteria (Neisseria meningitidis)
  • chicken (Gallus gallus)
  • Chromalveolata (Phytophthora infestans)
  • common water flea (Daphnia pulex)
  • corn (Zea mays)
  • E. coli (Escherichia coli)
  • filamentous fungi (Aspergillus nidulans)
  • Firmicute bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
  • green algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)
  • honey bee (Apis mellifera)
  • K. lactis yeast (Kluyveromyces lactis)
  • loblloly pine (Pinus taeda)
  • malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum)
  • medicago trunc (Medicago Truncatula)
  • moss (Physcomitrella patens)
  • orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus)
  • pig (Sus scrofa)
  • platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)
  • rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
  • rice (Oryza sativa)
  • rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe grisea)
  • schistosome parasite (Schistosoma mansoni)
  • sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona intestinalis)
  • sea squirt (Ciona savignyi)
  • sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
  • soybean (Glycine max)
  • stem rust fungus (Puccinia graminis)
  • sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)
  • thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)
  • tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
  • toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
  • Trichoplax (Trichoplax adhaerens)
  • wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Evolution for SAT2 Gene

ENSEMBL:
Gene Tree for SAT2 (if available)
TreeFam:
Gene Tree for SAT2 (if available)

Paralogs for SAT2 Gene

Paralogs for SAT2 Gene

(4) SIMAP similar genes for SAT2 Gene using alignment to 4 proteins:

genes like me logo Genes that share paralogs with SAT2: view

Variants for SAT2 Gene

Sequence variations from dbSNP and Humsavar for SAT2 Gene

SNP ID Clin Chr 17 pos Sequence Context AA Info Type
rs1000367065 -- 7,629,760(+) CATTA(C/T)CTCAT intron-variant, upstream-variant-2KB
rs1001483022 -- 7,628,374(+) TCCTC(C/T)TGTCT intron-variant, upstream-variant-2KB
rs1002271599 -- 7,629,177(+) AGATC(A/G)GCCTG intron-variant, upstream-variant-2KB
rs1002375114 -- 7,627,313(+) CCCAT(C/T)CCTCA intron-variant, upstream-variant-2KB
rs1002387688 -- 7,628,996(+) GGTTA(C/T)AGTGA intron-variant, upstream-variant-2KB

Structural Variations from Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) for SAT2 Gene

Variant ID Type Subtype PubMed ID
esv2422288 CNV deletion 17116639
nsv457659 CNV loss 19166990
nsv574322 CNV loss 21841781

Variation tolerance for SAT2 Gene

Residual Variation Intolerance Score: 61.8% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)
Gene Damage Index Score: 5.03; 68.56% of all genes are more intolerant (likely to be disease-causing)

Relevant External Links for SAT2 Gene

SNPedia medical, phenotypic, and genealogical associations of SNPs for
SAT2

No data available for Polymorphic Variants from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot for SAT2 Gene

Disorders for SAT2 Gene

Relevant External Links for SAT2

Genetic Association Database (GAD)
SAT2
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator
SAT2
Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology:
SAT2

No disorders were found for SAT2 Gene.

No data available for MalaCards , UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and Genatlas for SAT2 Gene

Publications for SAT2 Gene

  1. Spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase-2 (SSAT2) acetylates thialysine and is not involved in polyamine metabolism. (PMID: 15283699) Coleman C.S. … Pegg A.E. (Biochem. J. 2004) 2 3 22 25 64
  2. Genomic identification and biochemical characterization of a second spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase. (PMID: 12803540) Chen Y. … Porter C.W. (Biochem. J. 2003) 3 4 22 25 64
  3. Spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase 2 is an essential component of the ubiquitin ligase complex that regulates hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha. (PMID: 17558023) Baek J.H. … Semenza G.L. (J. Biol. Chem. 2007) 2 3 22 64
  4. Genetic susceptibility to distinct bladder cancer subphenotypes. (PMID: 19692168) Guey L.T. … Malats N. (Eur. Urol. 2010) 3 46 64
  5. Polymorphisms in innate immunity genes and lung cancer risk in Xuanwei, China. (PMID: 19170196) Shen M. … Lan Q. (Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2009) 3 46 64

Products for SAT2 Gene

Sources for SAT2 Gene

Content
Loading form....