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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

ZNRF3 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 46
GCID: GC22P029279

zinc and ring finger 3

 Explore 1 disease affiliated with
ZNRF3 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for ZNRF3
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Zinc And Ring Finger 31 2     RING Finger Protein 2032 3
RNF2031 2 3     FLJ220571
KIAA11331 3 5     E3 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase ZNRF32
BK747E2.31 2     Novel C3HC4 Type Zinc Finger (Ring Finger)2
Zinc/RING Finger Protein 32 3     EC 6.3.2.-3

External Ids:    HGNC: 181261   Entrez Gene: 841332   Ensembl: ENSG000001835797   OMIM: 6120625   UniProtKB: Q9ULT63   

Export aliases for ZNRF3 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC22P027605 GC22P012347


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ZNRF3_HUMAN, Q9ULT6
Function: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating the
ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of Wnt receptor complex components Frizzled and LRP6. Acts on both canonical
and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Acts as a tumor suppressor in the intestinal stem cell zone by inhibiting the
Wnt signaling pathway, thereby resticting the size of the intestinal stem cell zone




(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000022.10  NC_018933.1  NT_011520.12  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ZNRF3 gene promoter:
         RORalpha1   AML1a   p300   c-Myb   HNF-3beta   Evi-1   FOXL1   
         Other transcription factors

Browse SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ZNRF3

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat ZNRF3


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 22q12.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  22q12.1   HGNC cytogenetic band: 22q12.1

ZNRF3 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
ZNRF3 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 22         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC22P029279:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
29,279,580 bp from pter      End:
29,453,475 bp from pter
Size:
173,896 bases      Orientation:
plus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ZNRF3_HUMAN, Q9ULT6 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ZNRF3 precursor  
Size: 936 amino acids; 100574 Da
Subunit: Interacts with LRP6, FZD4, FZD5, FZD6 and FZD8. Interacts with RSPO1; interaction promotes indirect
interaction with LGR4 and membrane clearance of ZNRF3
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein
Sequence caution: Sequence=CAG30283.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended;
Secondary accessions: B3KU18 Q6ICH1 Q6NTF8 Q8WU18
Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms:  Q9ULT6-1   Q9ULT6-2   (No experimental confirmation available)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ZNRF3: NX_Q9ULT6

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q9ULT6

  • ZNRF3 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001193927.1  NP_115549.2  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000443824   ENSP00000384456   ENSP00000384553   ENSP00000328614  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Uscn Proteins for ZNRF3

    Gene Ontology (GO): 1 cellular component term (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005887integral to plasma membrane IDA--


    ZNRF3 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    ZNRF3 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    2 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR001841 Znf_RING
     IPR013083 Znf_RING/FYVE/PHD

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9ULT6

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9ULT6

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB001841 Zn-finger

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ZNRF3_HUMAN, Q9ULT6
    Similarity: Belongs to the ZNRF3 family
    Similarity: Contains 1 RING-type zinc finger


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ZNRF3_HUMAN, Q9ULT6
    Function: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating the
    ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of Wnt receptor complex components Frizzled and LRP6. Acts on both canonical
    and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Acts as a tumor suppressor in the intestinal stem cell zone by inhibiting the
    Wnt signaling pathway, thereby resticting the size of the intestinal stem cell zone
    Enzyme regulation: Negatively regulated by R-spondin proteins such as RSPO1: interaction with RSPO1 induces the
    indirect association between ZNRF3 and LGR4, promoting membrane clearance of ZNRF3

    Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 6.3.2.-1

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    8/152 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ZNRF3 (see all 152):
    hsa-miR-411* hsa-miR-579 hsa-miR-146a hsa-miR-938 hsa-miR-519a hsa-miR-342-3p hsa-miR-376a* hsa-miR-130b
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    Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004842ubiquitin-protein ligase activity IDA--
    GO:0005109frizzled binding IPI--
    GO:0005515protein binding IPI--
    GO:0008270zinc ion binding IEA--


    ZNRF3 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for ZNRF3:
     Synthetic lethal with Ras 

    Animal Models:
         8 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles(MGI details for Znrf3):
     cellular  digestive/alimentary  embryogenesis  endocrine/exocrine gland  mortality/aging 
     nervous system  tumorigenesis  vision/eye 

    ZNRF3 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section



    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ZNRF3_HUMAN, Q9ULT6
    Pathway: Protein modification; protein ubiquitination

    Interactions:

        Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for ZNRF3

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 6)

    5/6 Interacting proteins for ZNRF3 (Q9ULT62, 3 ENSP000003286144) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 6)

    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    GFI1BQ5VTD92, 3, ENSP000003447824MINT-2877028 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000344782
    UBE2NP610883, ENSP000003161764I2D: score=2 STRING: ENSP00000316176
    LGR4ENSP000003685164STRING: ENSP00000368516
    LRP6ENSP000002613494STRING: ENSP00000261349
    RSPO1ENSP000003489444STRING: ENSP00000348944
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/9 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 9):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006511ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process IMP--
    GO:0016055Wnt receptor signaling pathway ----
    GO:0016567protein ubiquitination IDA--
    GO:0038018Wnt receptor catabolic process IMP--
    GO:0060070canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway IEA--


    ZNRF3 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section
    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for ZNRF3
    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about ZNRF3 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for ZNRF3 gene (2 alternative transcripts): 
    NM_001206998.1  NM_032173.3  

    Unigene Clusters for ZNRF3:

    Zinc and ring finger 3
    Hs.655242  [show with all ESTs], Hs.732114  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequences: BC051344, NM_001206998
    4 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000544604(uc003aeg.3) ENST00000402174 ENST00000406323 ENST00000332811(uc021wnq.1)


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    8/152 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate ZNRF3 (see all 152):
    hsa-miR-411* hsa-miR-579 hsa-miR-146a hsa-miR-938 hsa-miR-519a hsa-miR-342-3p hsa-miR-376a* hsa-miR-130b
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB051436.1 AK025710.1 AK096397.1 BC009252.2 BC021570.1 BC069019.1 BC094857.1 CR456397.1 

    12 DOTS entries:

    DT.113170  DT.100024055  DT.99965422  DT.40125202  DT.307120  DT.100785869  DT.120666714  DT.100696155 
    DT.100698221  DT.40266309  DT.91651955  DT.40237079 

    24/119 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 119):

    AB051436 CR619005 AI261282 BU182349 AI334264 BX367430 AI313369 BF510499 
    CR596794 CR613419 BC021570 CR456397 AI470184 BX485769 AA719532 BE467307 
    T33532 AA776466 D30866 BX354381 F08245 AK025710 BG826524 BX430900 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    ZNRF3 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: --

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image
    See ZNRF3 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for ZNRF3

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene clusters: Hs.655242 Hs.732114
        SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for ZNRF3
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    In Situ
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    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

    Orthologs for ZNRF3 gene from 5/15 species (see all 15)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves ZNRF31 zinc and ring finger 3 73.32(n)
    74.7(a)
      416919  XM_415210.3  XP_415210.3 
    tropical clawed frog
    (Xenopus tropicalis)
    Amphibia AL849420.22   -- 80(n)    AL849420.2 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii znrf31 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ZNRF3 64.03(n)
    67.15(a)
      556813  XM_679715.5  XP_684807.5 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)
    Secernentea Y47D3B.116
    Protein Y47D3B.11
    17(a)
    1 → many
    III(11456777-11462782)
    rice
    (Oryza sativa)
    Liliopsida --
    zinc finger, C3HC4 type domain containing protein
    40(a)
    1 → many
    12(26391264-26391518)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ZNRF3 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for ZNRF3 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for ZNRF3 gene
    RNF1482  RNF432  RNF1492  RNF1332  RNF1502  RNF1302  RNF1672  RNF2152  
    RNF1282  ZNRF42  RNF132  

    ZNRF3 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/2701 NCBI SNPs in ZNRF3 are shown (see all 2701    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 22 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs1402420531,2
    --29277832(+) ATTTGA/GTTATC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs622357541,2
    C,F,--29277895(+) ATCCAT/CGAGCT 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- C:0.03NA 120
    rs1429240801,2
    --29277921(+) CCCCC-/TTAA  
            
    TTAAG
    1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1869229081,2
    --29277964(+) TAGTCC/TCAGCT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1917178671,2
    --29277970(+) CAGCTA/GCTCAG 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1831811501,2
    --29278048(+) CCACCA/GCACGC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs731706821,2
    C,F,--29278063(+) CTGTGC/TGACAG 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- T:0.02NA 120
    rs1456528501,2
    --29278077(+) GAGACG/TCTATA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1864538941,2
    --29278080(+) ACGCTA/CTATCT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1445016641,2
    C,--29278090(+) AAATG-/AAAAAA 1 -- us2k10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for ZNRF3 (29279580 - 29453475 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
    Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for ZNRF3
         1 CNV: 67862

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    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    ZNRF3 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 612062    OMIM disorders: --

    1 disease for ZNRF3:    About MalaCards
    ataxia

    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: ZNRF3 (4 documents)

    Export disorders for ZNRF3 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for ZNRF3 gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 14):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ZNRF3)
        Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Characterization of cDNA clones selected by the GeneMark analysis from size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain. (PubMed id 10574461)1, 2, 3 Hirosawa M.... Ohara O. (1999)
    2. ZNRF3 promotes Wnt receptor turnover in an R-spondin-sensitive manner. (PubMed id 22575959)1, 2 Hao H.X....Cong F. (2012)
    3. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    4. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
    5. A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. (PubMed id 15461802)1, 2 Collins J.E.... Dunham I. (2004)
    6. Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones. (PubMed id 12168954)1, 2 Nakajima D.... Nagase T. (2002)
    7. The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. (PubMed id 10591208)1, 2 Dunham I....O'Brien K.P. (1999)
    8. Meta-analysis identifies 13 new loci associated with waist-hip ratio and reveals sexual dimorphism in the genetic basis of fat distr ibution. (PubMed id 20935629)1 Heid I.M....Lindgren C.M. (2010)
    9. Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of t hiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipr il and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study. (PubMed id 20628086)1 Bailey S.D....Anand S. (2010)
    10. Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apoli poproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip. (PubMed id 19913121)1 Talmud P.J.... . (2009)

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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 84133 HGNC: 18126 AceView: ZNRF3 Ensembl:ENSG00000183579 euGenes: HUgn84133
    ECgene: ZNRF3 H-InvDB: ZNRF3

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    HUGE: KIAA1133

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for ZNRF3 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for ZNRF3 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving ZNRF3

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    (Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
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    GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 19 Mar 2013 - Incrementals: 21 Mar 2013 , 15 Apr 2013 , 26 Apr 2013

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