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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

WRN Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 66
GCID: GC08P030948

Werner syndrome, RecQ helicase-like

(Previous name: Werner syndrome )
 Explore 52 diseases affiliated with
WRN via
MalaCards
our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for WRN    

Aliases
for WRN gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
Aliases
Werner Syndrome, RecQ Helicase-Like1 2     RECQL32
RECQ31 2 3 5     Werner Syndrome ATP-Dependent Helicase2
RECQL21 2 3 5     EC 3.1.-.-3
Exonuclease WRN2 3     EC 3.6.4.123
RecQ Protein-Like 22 3     RecQ33
DNA Helicase, RecQ-Like Type 32 3     EC 3.6.18
Werner Syndrome1     

External Ids:    HGNC: 127911   Entrez Gene: 74862   Ensembl: ENSG000001653927   OMIM: 6046115   UniProtKB: Q141913   

Export aliases for WRN gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC08P030795 GC08P031342 GC08P031010 GC08P029435


Summaries
for WRN gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for WRN:
This gene encodes a member of the RecQ subfamily and the DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) subfamily of DNA and RNA helicases. DNA
helicases are involved in many aspects of DNA metabolism, including transcription, replication, recombination, and
repair. This protein contains a nuclear localization signal in the C-terminus and shows a predominant nucleolar
localization. It possesses an intrinsic 3' to 5' DNA helicase activity, and is also a 3' to 5' exonuclease. Based on
interactions between this protein and Ku70/80 heterodimer in DNA end processing, this protein may be involved in the
repair of double strand DNA breaks. Defects in this gene are the cause of Werner syndrome, an autosomal recessive
disorder characterized by premature aging. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: WRN_HUMAN, Q14191
Function: Multifunctional enzyme that has both magnesium and ATP-dependent DNA-helicase activity and 3'->5' exonuclease
activity towards double-stranded DNA with a 5'-overhang. Has no nuclease activity towards single-stranded DNA or
blunt-ended double-stranded DNA. Binds preferentially to DNA substrates containing alternate secondary structures,
such as replication forks and Holliday junctions. May play an important role in the dissociation of joint DNA
molecules that can arise as products of homologous recombination, at stalled replication forks or during DNA repair.
Alleviates stalling of DNA polymerases at the site of DNA lesions. Important for genomic integrity. Plays a role in
the formation of DNA replication focal centers; stably associates with foci elements generating binding sites for RP-A
(By similarity)

Gene Wiki entry for WRN (Werner syndrome ATP-dependent helicase)


Genomic Views
for WRN gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000008.10  NC_018919.1  NT_167187.1  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the WRN gene promoter:
         GATA-3   p300   AP-2beta   Nkx2-5   AP-2alpha   AP-2gamma   GATA-2   GATA-1   AP-2alphaA   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids (see all 2): WRN promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for WRN

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat WRN


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 8p12   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  8p12   HGNC cytogenetic band: 8p12

WRN Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
WRN gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 8         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC08P030948:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 30,890,778 bp from pter      End:
 31,031,285 bp from pter
Size:
 140,508 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for WRN gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: WRN_HUMAN, Q14191 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Werner syndrome ATP-dependent helicase  
Size: 1432 amino acids; 162461 Da
Cofactor: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. Has high activity with manganese and zinc ions (in vitro)
Subunit: Monomer, and homooligomer. May exist as homodimer, homotrimer, homotetramer and/or homohexamer. Homotetramer,
or homohexamer, when bound to DNA. Interacts via its N-terminal domain with WRNIP1 (By similarity). Interacts with
EXO1, PCNA and SUPV3L1
Subcellular location: Nucleus, nucleolus. Nucleus
6/10 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for WRN (see all 10):
2AXL (3D)        2DGZ (3D)        2E1E (3D)        2E1F (3D)        2FBT (3D)        2FBV (3D)    
Secondary accessions: A1KYY9

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for WRN: NX_Q14191

Post-translational modifications:

  • Phosphorylated by PRKDC1
  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q14191

    • 2 DME Specific Peptides for WRN (Q14191)
     DEAHCIS  VIHYGAPK 

    WRN Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_000544.2  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000298139  

    Human Recombinant Protein Products: 
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    Novus Biologicals WRN Protein
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
    Uscn Proteins for WRN

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005634nucleus IDA--
    GO:0005654nucleoplasm IDA12944467
    GO:0005730NOT nucleolus IDA--
    GO:0005813centrosome IDA17498979
    GO:0032389colocalizes with MutLalpha complex IDA17715146


    WRN for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    WRN Antibody Products: 
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    Abcam antibodies for WRN 
    Uscn Antibodies for WRN
    ThermoFisher Antibodies for WRN

    Assay Products for WRN: 
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    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for WRN

    Protein Domains /
    Families
    for WRN gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    WRN for domains           About GeneDecksing

    5/10 InterPro domains/families (see all 10):
     IPR011991 WHTH_trsnscrt_rep_DNA-bd_dom
     IPR011545 DNA/RNA_helicase_DEAD/DEAH_N
     IPR002562 3'-5'_exonuclease_dom
     IPR018982 RQC_domain
     IPR004589 DNA_helicase_ATP-dep_RecQ

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q14191

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q14191

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB002121 HRDC domain
    IPB002464 ATP-dependent helicase


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: WRN_HUMAN, Q14191
    Similarity: Belongs to the helicase family. RecQ subfamily
    Similarity: Contains 1 3'-5' exonuclease domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 helicase ATP-binding domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 helicase C-terminal domain
    Similarity: Contains 1 HRDC domain


    Function
    for WRN gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section
    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: WRN_HUMAN, Q14191
    Function: Multifunctional enzyme that has both magnesium and ATP-dependent DNA-helicase activity and 3'->5' exonuclease
    activity towards double-stranded DNA with a 5'-overhang. Has no nuclease activity towards single-stranded DNA or
    blunt-ended double-stranded DNA. Binds preferentially to DNA substrates containing alternate secondary structures,
    such as replication forks and Holliday junctions. May play an important role in the dissociation of joint DNA
    molecules that can arise as products of homologous recombination, at stalled replication forks or during DNA repair.
    Alleviates stalling of DNA polymerases at the site of DNA lesions. Important for genomic integrity. Plays a role in
    the formation of DNA replication focal centers; stably associates with foci elements generating binding sites for RP-A
    (By similarity)
    Catalytic activity: ATP + H(2)O = ADP + phosphate

         Genatlas biochemistry entry for WRN:
    DNA helicase(? 3'->5' or 5'>3') DNA containing exonuclease activity,ATP dependent, containing two transcription
    initiation sites,homologous to yeast Sgs1,E coli RecQ,C elegans F18C5.2 and X laevis focus forming activity 1
    (FFA1),involved in DNA unwinding function,in RNA polymerase II activation in DNA repair replication foci
    formation,maintaining genomic integrity,stimulated by replication proteins RPA1,RPA2,RPA3,upregulated at the G2/M
    stage of the cell cycle,predominantly localized in the nucleoplasm,RecQl family

    Enzyme Numbers (IUBMB): EC 3.6.12 EC 3.1.-.-1 EC 3.6.4.121

    miRNA
    Products:            		 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: WRN
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat WRN
    5 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate WRN:
    hsa-miR-3163 hsa-miR-4311 hsa-miR-369-3p hsa-miR-374b hsa-miR-374a
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: WRN 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
    Products:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for WRN (see all 4)
    OriGene shRNA RFP: WRN
    OriGene siRNA: WRN
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat WRN

    Gene Editing
    Products:    		DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for WRN

    Clone
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    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for WRN (see all 3)
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for WRN
    OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling 
    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: WRN (NM_000553)
    Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
    DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for WRN
    Search Vector BioLabs for ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat WRN 

    Cell Line
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    Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for WRN

    In Situ Assay
    Products:       
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for WRN

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/19 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 19):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000287magnesium ion binding IDA16622405
    GO:0000403Y-form DNA binding IDA17715146
    GO:0000405bubble DNA binding IDA11433031
    GO:0003677DNA binding IDA9288107
    GO:0003678DNA helicase activity IMP10871376


    WRN for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    5 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for WRN:
     Decreased viability of wild-ty  G0/1 arrest  Increased G1 DNA content  Increased HPV18 LCR reporter a 
     Lamellipodia cells 

    Animal Models:
         Mouse knock-out Wrntm1Led for WRN
         15 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 2 alleles) (MGI details for Wrn):
     adipose tissue  cardiovascular system  cellular  digestive/alimentary  endocrine/exocrine gland 
     growth/size  homeostasis/metabolism  immune system  integument  limbs/digits/tail 
     mortality/aging  reproductive system  skeleton  tumorigenesis  vision/eye 

    WRN for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for WRN gene

    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

    Unified GeneCards pathways  About this table 
    See pathways by source

    Super-pathwaycontained gene-specific pathways
    1Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replacation
    		Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replacation1.00
    		Cell cycle_Transition and termination of DNA replication0.95
    2Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
    		Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway1.00
    		Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway0.99
    3Non-homologous end-joining
    		DNA damage NHEJ mechanisms of DSBs repair0.36
    		DNA damage_NHEJ mechanisms of DSBs repair0.36
    4DNA Damage
    		DNA Damage1.00
    5Regulation of Telomerase
    		Regulation of Telomerase1.00

    Pathway sources
    See GeneCards unified pathways
    Show all pathways

    2 EMD Millipore Pathways for WRN
        Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replacation
    DNA damage NHEJ mechanisms of DSBs repair


    1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for WRN
        DNA Damage

    2 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for WRN
        DNA damage NHEJ mechanisms of DSBs repair
    Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replication

    3 BioSystems Pathways for WRN 
        Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
    Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
    Regulation of Telomerase



    WRN for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    Interactions:

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for WRN

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    5/43 Interacting proteins for WRN (Q141911, 2, 3 ENSP000002981394) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 43)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    RAD52P433511, 2, 3, ENSP000003512844EBI-368417,EBI-706448 MINT-6550741 MINT-17110 MINT-6550731 MINT-6550722 MINT-6550777 MINT-17109 MINT-6550709 MINT-6550679 MINT-6550697 MINT-6550759 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000351284
    H2AFXP161042, 3, ENSP000003643104MINT-56616 MINT-56619 MINT-56621 MINT-56626 MINT-56618 MINT-8048620 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000364310
    RPA2P159272, 3, ENSP000003630214MINT-8048594 MINT-8048571 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000363021
    BLMP541321, 3, ENSP000003472324EBI-368417,EBI-621372 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000347232
    TP53P046371, 3, ENSP000002693054EBI-368417,EBI-366083 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000269305
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5/21 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 21):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000723telomere maintenance IMP18212065
    GO:0000731DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair IDA17563354
    GO:0001302replicative cell aging IEA--
    GO:0006200ATP catabolic process IDA10871376
    GO:0006259DNA metabolic process IDA16622405


    WRN for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for WRN gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section

    WRN for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for WRN

    1 HMDB Compound for WRN    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    MagnesiumMagnesium (see all 2)7439-95-4--
    10/17 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for WRN gene (see all 17)    About this table
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    camptothecin 60.5 11 15135730 (1), 17917271 (1), 18312465 (1), 16723399 (1) (see all 5)
    methylmethanesulfonate 59.2 18 18250621 (2), 15282207 (1), 20157511 (1), 16449207 (1) (see all 8)
    8-hydroxyadenine 55.8 1 11328876 (1)
    4nqo 55.4 3 10446247 (1), 19398855 (1), 17498979 (1)
    hydroxyurea 54.7 17 18250621 (2), 17173071 (2), 15135730 (1), 15282207 (1) (see all 9)
    8-oxoguanine 51.3 2 17611195 (1), 11328876 (1)
    polynucleotide 20.6 1 16822725 (1)
    atp 11.5 5 16793395 (2), 10212265 (1), 11717307 (1), 16503984 (1)
    bleomycin 7.53 10 15149862 (6), 12944467 (2)
    hydroquinone 6.49 27 19064679 (5), 17875398 (4), 18978339 (1)

    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about WRN 

    Transcripts
    for WRN gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section
    REFSEQ mRNAs for WRN gene: 
    NM_000553.4  

    Unigene Cluster for WRN:

    Werner syndrome, RecQ helicase-like
    Hs.632050  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_000553
    3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000298139(uc011lbd.1 uc011lbe.1 uc003xio.4) ENST00000521620(uc010lvk.3)
    ENST00000520169

    miRNA
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    hsa-miR-3163 hsa-miR-4311 hsa-miR-369-3p hsa-miR-374b hsa-miR-374a
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: WRN 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene shRNA RFP: WRN
    OriGene siRNA: WRN
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    Clone
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: WRN (NM_000553)
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    Primer
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    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
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      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat WRN
      QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat WRN

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB209652.1 AF091214.1 AL833572.1 AY818673.1 

    6 DOTS entries:

    DT.212373  DT.97770678  DT.75192400  DT.121484652  DT.40113162  DT.99977954 

    24/49 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 49):

    BM471189 AI277125 BM721721 BM552381 AI280329 NM_000553 BX489680 AF091214 
    AL709832 AA287985 BV183217 T39125 BF103840 N64051 AW959698 BU633322 
    AL833572 AW965099 CD723639 AL707510 BM677308 AA344201 BQ774611 CD654107 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    Expression
    for WRN gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    WRN expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: TAAAAAATGT

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)
    About this image
    See WRN Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for WRN

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.632050
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including WRN: 
              Stem Cell Transcription Factors in human mouse rat
              DNA Damage Signaling Pathway in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat WRN
    In Situ
    Assay Products:     
         		Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for WRN

    Orthologs
    for WRN gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section
    This gene was present in the last universal common ancestor (LUCA).

    Orthologs for WRN gene from 10/24 species (see all 24)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Wrn1 , 5 Werner syndrome homolog (human)1, 5 79.6(n)1
    72.02(a)1    		   8 (20.30 cM)5
    224271  NM_001122822.11  NP_001116294.11 
     376978085 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves WRN1 Werner syndrome 64.04(n)
    56.55(a)    		   422505  XM_001235032.2  XP_001235033.2 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia WRN6
    		 --
    		 52(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 GL343257.1(447472-522580)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)    		 Amphibia FFA-12 focus forming activity 1 74.34(n)    AF067418.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii LOC5694951 Werner syndrome ATP-dependent helicase homolog 57.15(n)
    51.96(a)    		   569495  XM_692888.5  XP_697980.4 
    honey bee
    (Apis mellifera)    		 Insecta --
    		 --
    		 14(a)
    		 possible ortholog
    		 GroupUn.132(8270-11311)
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea wrn-11 , 3 Protein WRN-11 36(a)3
    45.27(n)1
    33.65(a)1    		   II(6554924-6559094)3
    1740811  NM_062923.41  NP_495324.21 
    thale cress
    (Arabidopsis thaliana)    		 eudicotyledons RECQSIM6
    		 RECQ helicase SIM
    		 17(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 5(9793790-9798961)
    rice
    (Oryza sativa)    		 Liliopsida Os07g06816001 hypothetical protein 45.43(n)
    34.73(a)    		   4344306  NM_001067190.1  NP_001060655.1 
    E. coli
    (Escherichia coli)    		 Gamma proteobacteria recQ6
    		 ATP-dependent DNA helicase
    		 27(a)
    		 1 → many
    		 Chromosome(4003887-4005716)


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for WRN (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for WRN (if available) 

    Paralogs
    for WRN gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for WRN gene
    RECQL2  RECQL52  BLM2  
    1 SIMAP similar gene for WRN using alignment to 1 protein entry:     WRN_HUMAN:
    RECQL

    WRN for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for WRN gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/2452 NCBI SNPs in WRN are shown (see all 2452)     About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 8 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1139939611,2
    		C,pathogenic45077661(+) TAATAC/GGGTAG 1 -- spa10--------
    rs178475771,2
    		C,Fpathogenic45138250(+) TGGAAC/TGAAAA 2 R * stg1 ese33Minor allele frequency- T:0.00NA EU 5873
    rs732286791,2
    		--29434012(+) TTTGGC/GGGAAA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs778143371,2
    		C,--29434868(+) TTTAGG/TTCTAG 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs74645601,2
    		H--29434999(+) TTGCTC/TTTTGC 1 -- us2k16Minor allele frequency- T:0.00NS EA NA 396
    rs70170691,2
    		C,F,--29435780(+) CCGCTC/GTTCCT 2 -- ut51 int14Minor allele frequency- G:0.12NS WA CSA 302
    rs115741551,2
    		C,F,H,--29435793(+) GTGCAC/ATCTCT 2 -- ut51 int15Minor allele frequency- A:0.01NS NA 684
    rs115741561,2
    		C,F,--29435990(+) GCCTCC/TACGCA 2 -- ut51 int1 ese32Minor allele frequency- T:0.07NS WA 298
    rs115741571,2
    		C,F,--29436120(+) ACGGCG/CCTGGA 2 -- ut51 int1 ese32Minor allele frequency- C:0.03NS NA 166
    rs115741581,2
    		C,F,H,--29436185(+) GCGCCG/AGCTTG 2 -- ut51 int1 ese314Minor allele frequency- A:0.17NS NA WA CSA 1758

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for WRN (30890778 - 31031285 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for WRN: --
    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): WRN

    Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): WRN

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing WRN
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for WRN

    Disorders / Diseases
    for WRN gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    WRN for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM gene information: 604611   
    OMIM disorders: 277700  
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: WRN_HUMAN, Q14191
  • Defects in WRN are a cause of Werner syndrome (WRN) [MIM:277700]. WRN is a rare autosomal recessive progeroid
    • syndrome characterized by the premature onset of multiple age-related disorders, including atherosclerosis, cancer,
    non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, ocular cataracts and osteoporosis. The major cause of death, at a median age
    of 47, is myocardial infarction. Currently all known WS mutations produces prematurely terminated proteins
  • Defects in WRN may be a cause of colorectal cancer (CRC) [MIM:114500]

    • 20/52 diseases for WRN (see all 52):    About MalaCards
    werner syndrome    rothmund-thomson syndrome    nijmegen breakage syndrome    diffuse large b-cell lymphoma
    b-cell lymphomas    atypical werner syndrome    non-hodgkin lymphoma    soft tissue sarcoma
    type 2 diabetes mellitus    fragile x syndrome    ataxia telangiectasia    rapadilino syndrome
    bloom syndrome    progeria    senile cataract    spondylosis
    hodgkin's lymphoma    breast cancer susceptibility    diabetes mellitus    cataract

    6 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for WRN:
    Werner syndrome     Bloom syndrome     Rothmund-Thomson syndrome     Progeria
    Rapadilino syndrome     Genetic disorder

    10/24 Novoseek disease relationships for WRN gene (see all 24)    About this table

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    werner syndrome 99.1 355 12927431 (3), 15084309 (3), 15489508 (3), 20075015 (3) (see all 99)
    bloom syndrome 93.8 32 10319867 (1), 12181313 (1), 15702347 (1), 17115688 (1) (see all 29)
    rothmund-thomson syndrome 90.5 13 15702347 (1), 12595564 (1), 16793396 (1), 17623900 (1) (see all 13)
    progeria 75.9 4 12020873 (1), 17996922 (1), 17375009 (1), 10984715 (1)
    genetic disorder 65.8 11 9223443 (1), 11717307 (1), 12595564 (1), 16798775 (1) (see all 10)
    skin abnormalities 58.9 2 19238688 (1)
    cancer 56.5 61 16723399 (3), 19487340 (2), 10506209 (2), 14657658 (1) (see all 45)
    nijmegen breakage syndrome 55.4 2 15733840 (1), 11733219 (1)
    microsatellite instability 45.5 1 18084250 (2), 19470733 (1)
    cataract 43.9 1 10554436 (1)

    Genatlas disease: WRN
    Werner syndrome of premature ageing,with presenile subcapsular posterior cataract,associated with an increased risk of
    cancer and a chromosome instability

    GeneTests: WRN
    Werner Syndrome

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): WRN
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: WRN (48 documents)

    Export disorders for WRN gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for WRN gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for WRN gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 413):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with WRN)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Association of a polymorphic variant of the Werner helicase gene with myocardial infarction in a Japanese population. (PubMed id 9021029)1, 2, 4 Ye L.... Ogihara T. (1997)
    2. Nucleolar localization of the Werner syndrome protein in human cells. (PubMed id 9618508)1, 2, 9 Marciniak R.A.... Guarente L. (1998)
    3. Epigenetic inactivation of the premature aging Werner syndrome gene in human cancer. (PubMed id 16723399)1, 2, 9 Agrelo R.... Esteller M. (2006)
    4. Werner protein is a target of DNA-dependent protein kinase in vivo and in vitro, and its catalytic activities are regulated by phosphorylation. (PubMed id 11889123)1, 2, 9 Karmakar P.... Bohr V.A. (2002)
    5. The Werner syndrome protein binds replication fork and holliday junction DNAs as an oligomer. (PubMed id 18596042)1, 2, 9 Compton S.A....Griffith J.D. (2008)
    6. Werner syndrome protein interacts functionally with translesion DNA polymerases. (PubMed id 17563354)1, 2, 9 Kamath-Loeb A.S....Loeb L.A. (2007)
    7. Solution structure of a multifunctional DNA- and protein-binding motif of human Werner syndrome protein. (PubMed id 16339893)1, 2, 9 Hu J.S.... Xi X.G. (2005)
    8. Crystal structure of the HRDC domain of human Werner syndrome protein, WRN. (PubMed id 17148451)1, 2, 9 Kitano K....Hakoshima T. (2007)
    9. The exonucleolytic and endonucleolytic cleavage activities of human exonuclease 1 are stimulated by an interaction with the carboxyl- terminal region of the Werner syndrome protein. (PubMed id 12704184)1, 2, 9 Sharma S....Brosh R.M. Jr. (2003)
    10. WRN gene 1367 Arg allele protects against development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. (PubMed id 16098926)1, 4, 9 Hirai M....Oka Y. (2005)

    External Searches for WRN gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing WRN gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 7486 HGNC: 12791 AceView: WRN Ensembl:ENSG00000165392 euGenes: HUgn7486
    ECgene: WRN H-InvDB: WRN

    Other Databases showing WRN gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing WRN gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for WRN Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for WRN Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    WRNhttp://www.pathology.washington.edu/werner/ws_wrn.html
    GeneReviewshttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/WRN
    NIEHS-SNPshttp://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/wrn/

    Intellectual Property
    for WRN gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for WRN gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving WRN

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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    About This Section

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