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TYMS Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 72

GC18P000647

thymidylate synthetase
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
(Previous symbol: TS)

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases
EC 2.1.1.45 ^³
HST422 ^²
HsT422 ^¹
MGC88736 ^²
TMS ^¹, ², ⁵
TS ^², ³, ⁵
TSase ^², ³
Tsase ^¹

Descriptions
thymidylate synthase ^²
thymidylate synthetase ^²

External Ids
HGNC: 12441¹
Entrez Gene: 7298²
UniProtKB: P04818³
Ensembl: ENSG00000176890⁷

Search outside databases for aliases for TYMS gene

Previous GC identifers: GC18U990034 GC18P000645

(According to Entrez Gene, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

EntrezGene summary for TYMS:

Thymidylate synthase catalyzes the methylation of deoxyuridylate to deoxythymidylate using

5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (methylene-THF) as a cofactor. This function maintains the dTMP

(thymidine-5-prime monophosphate) pool critical for DNA replication and repair. The enzyme has

been of interest as a target for cancer chemotherapeutic agents. It is considered to be the

primary site of action for 5-fluorouracil, 5-fluoro-2-prime-deoxyuridine, and some folate analogs.

Expression of this gene and that of a naturally occuring antisense transcript rTSalpha

(GeneID:55556) vary inversely when cell-growth progresses from late-log to plateau phase.

[provided by RefSeq]

Gene Wiki entry for TYMS (Thymidylate_synthase)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 36),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC and Ensembl, Transcription factor binding sites according to SABiosciences)
About This Section

Genomic View:

UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Transcription factor binding sites upstream to the TYMS gene

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 18p11.32 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 18p11.32 HGNC cytogenetic band: 18p11.31-p11.21

TYMS Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 18 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC18P000647: (about GC identifiers)

Start:	647,619 bp from pter
End:	663,492 bp from pter
Size:	15,874 bases
Orientation:	plus strand

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000018.8 NT_010859.14

(According to ¹UniProtKB, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Enzo Life Sciences, Abnova, OriGene and/or, Abcam,
Biochemical Assays by Invitrogen, Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, and/or Enzo Life Sciences, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Invitrogen, Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Abnova, and/or Novus Biologicals)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TYSY_HUMAN, P04818 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Thymidylate synthase

Size: 313 amino acids; 35716 Da

Subunit: Homodimer

PDB structures from and Proteopedia :

1HVY (3D)

1HW3 (3D)

1HW4 (3D)

1HZW (3D)

1I00 (3D)

1JU6 (3D)

1JUJ (3D)

1YPV (3D)

2ONB (3D)

2RD8 (3D)

2RDA (3D)

Post-translational modifications:

View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite²

REFSEQ proteins: NP_001062.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000315644 ENSP00000314727 ENSP00000314902

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Drug Discovery Central at Invitrogen for human recombinant proteins
	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Recombinant Proteins from Abcam (Thymidylate Synthase )
	Human Recombinant Proteins from Abnova (TYMS)

Browse Origene for full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells

1 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component term (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005829	cytosol	EXP	2656695

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Antibodies for TYMS:

	Invitrogen Antibodies for TYMS
	Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of TYMS
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for TYMS
	Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for TYMS (Thymidylate Synthase)
	Antibodies from Abcam (Thymidylate Synthase ), each with their Abpromise^SM
	Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies from Abnova (TYMS)
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for TYMS

Assays for TYMS:

	Browse Invitrogen for biochemical assays
	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	Browse biochemical assays available from Enzo Life Sciences

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P04818

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P04818

1 Blocks protein family: IPB000398 Thymidylate synthase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TYSY_HUMAN, P04818

Similarity: Belongs to the thymidylate synthase family

(According to MGI Jun 06 2009, UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Sigma-Aldrich,
RNAi Products, Clones, and Q-PCR Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, OriGene, and/or Abnova, siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, SYBR primers from OriGene, Cell-based Assays from Millipore, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (TYMS)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (TYMS)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_001071

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs for TYMS

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for TYMS

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for TYMS

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Clones:		Invitrogen Clones for TYMS
		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore

OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_001071
Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_001071
untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_001071

Primers:

Browse Quantitative PCR Central at Invitrogen for Q-PCR LUX™ Primers

OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: NM_001071

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TYSY_HUMAN, P04818

Catalytic activity: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + dUMP = dihydrofolate + dTMP

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 2.1.1.45

Genatlas biochemistry entry for TYMS:

thymidylate synthetase,pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway

3 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0004799	thymidylate synthase activity	IEA	--
GO:0008168	methyltransferase activity	IEA	--
GO:0016740	transferase activity	IEA	--

About this table

(Pathways according to Invitrogen (maps by GeneGo), Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2009 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

2 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" Pathways for TYMS (Your Favorite Gene powered by Ingenuity)

One Carbon Pool by Folate
Pyrimidine Metabolism

GeneDecks TYMS for the pathways selected above

About GeneDecksing

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TYSY_HUMAN, P04818

Pathway: Pyrimidine metabolism; dTTP biosynthesis

Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for TYMS

5/58 Interacting proteins for TYMS (ENSP00000315644³) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 58 )

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
DCTD	ENSP00000349576³	STRING (score=.997)
ENSG00000188985	ENSP00000343033³	STRING (score=.997)
DUT	ENSP00000370376³	STRING (score=.982)
MTHFR	ENSP00000365767³	STRING (score=.981)
TK2	ENSP00000299697³	STRING (score=.981)

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5/7 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (links to tree view) (see all 7 ):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006139	nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process	TAS	2987839
GO:0006231	dTMP biosynthetic process	IEA	--
GO:0006260	DNA replication	NAS	15504738
GO:0006281	DNA repair	NAS	15504738
GO:0009157	deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process	TAS	2987839

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(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Sigma-Aldrich Small Molecules for TYMS:

Inhibitor

Browse Tocris compounds for TYMS
10/24 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for TYMS gene (see all 24 )

Compound	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate	94.29	126	12167486 (10), 1557655 (4), 16550002 (3), 7556218 (3) (see all 48)
2'-deoxyuridine-5-monophosphate	93.34	110	15068368 (4), 8939755 (3), 8399157 (2), 9053905 (2) (see all 46)
glycinamide ribonucleotide	92.11	80	15655941 (2), 10739873 (2), 2106831 (2), 9420020 (1) (see all 60)
dihydrofolate	91.02	275	1825652 (5), 8486425 (3), 8385896 (3), 15353304 (2) (see all 99)
ag 331	89.43	11	8624289 (1), 16612649 (1), 10598559 (1), 10606255 (1) (see all 7)
ch2h4folate	87.98	38	12167486 (4), 9383465 (4), 16075306 (3), 8939755 (2) (see all 13)
futp	87.56	7	1707544 (1), 9494066 (1), 18463958 (1), 1721719 (1)
ly309887	84.61	9	16352313 (2), 9118464 (1), 9679969 (1), 10598555 (1) (see all 6)
thymidine	84.43	472	16568206 (4), 10509749 (3), 8476214 (2), 10956398 (2) (see all 99)
nb 1011	83.57	26	11914638 (6), 11179438 (4), 12853888 (2), 12859954 (2) (see all 6)

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10/16 PharmGKB drug compound relationships for TYMS gene (see all 16 )

Drug compound	PharmGKB Relations	PubMed IDs for articles supporting these relationships
5-fluorouracil	CO FA GN	12084458 14740638 11251009 14735204 15213713
antimetabolite	FA	10413291
asparaginase	CO	15713801
cytarabine	CO	15713801
daunorubicin	CO	15713801
etoposide	CO	15713801
fluorouracil	CO PD PK FA GN	12052139
folic acid	CO PD GN	14744749 12215845 14656021
irinotecan	CO GN	14740638
mercaptopurine	CO	15713801

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 219 Homo sapiens; Jun 2 2009) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Invitrogen, Millipore, and/or Abnova,
siRNAs from Applied Biosystems, Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Invitrogen RNAi Products for gene knock-down (TYMS)
		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Abnova Chimera RNAi Products for Gene knock-down (TYMS)

OriGene 29mer shRNA kit in GFP-retroviral vector: NM_001071

Sigma-Aldrich siRNA and siRNA Panels for TYMS

Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for TYMS

Explore Sigma-Aldrich super-pooled esiRNAs

Applied Biosystems Silencer® siRNAs:

NM_001071

REFSEQ mRNAs for TYMS gene:

NM_001071.2

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays:

NM_001071

              OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_001071
                                 Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_001071
                                 untagged cDNA clone in CMV expression vector: NM_001071

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB062290.1 AB077207.1 AB077208.1 AK223372.1 AK292620.1 AK314140.1 BC002567.2 BC013919.1

BC018858.2 BC083512.1 BT006811.1 CR595729.1 CR600251.1 CR601110.1 CR601528.1 CR605696.1

CR607354.1 CR607878.1 CR608281.1 CR611174.1 CR612332.1 CR612901.1 CR616172.1 CR617359.1

CR617715.1 CR618525.1 CR625557.1 X02308.1

23 DOTS entries:

DT.91987769 DT.95139599 DT.91940417 DT.100887990 DT.121095554 DT.75149969 DT.121095715 DT.100887966

DT.121095580 DT.95263539 DT.100887988 DT.100887995 DT.121095668 DT.121095691 DT.121095704 DT.95249706

DT.100805334 DT.100887972 DT.100887984 DT.108596 DT.209162 DT.91833876 DT.92454718

24/409 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 409 ):

CR601110 BG286957 CR616172 AL556369 CR607354 CR611174 CK724974 BQ771909

CR607878 CR625557 CR612332 AL562750 BQ439242 CR601528 BQ057866 CR600251

CR617359 BM904778 BQ425417 BU632016 BQ669537 CA422520 CA446584 AB077208

highest scoring ESTs for TYMS:

X02308 AA093053 AA128870 AA134538 AA400865 AA433840 AA564837 AA614536 AA678389 AA678579

Unigene Cluster for TYMS:

Thymidylate synthetase

Hs.592338 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: BQ056428

GeneLoc Exon Structure

3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations:

ENST00000323274 ENST00000323224 ENST00000323250

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 219 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Expression Assays from Applied Biosystems )
About This Section

TYMS expression in normal and diseased human tissues

Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays for TYMS

¹ / ² / ³

5 probe-sets matching TYMS gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
1505_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	0.99	1.15	D00596	0.20	1.00	0.72	1
37899_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	0.75	1.00	0.99	0.86	X02308	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
202589_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	NM_001071	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
202589_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
1554696_s_at²	U133Plus2	2	1.00	0.95	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

GeneDecks TYMS for binary patterns associated with the probe-sets selected above

About GeneDecksing

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Data from

(Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images
About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: ATGTAGAGTG

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.592338
Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for TYMS

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Jun 06 2009, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for TYMS gene from 5/27 species (see all 27 )

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	LOC476100¹	--	similar to Thymidylate synthase (TS) (TSase)	89.44(n) 90.67(a)	476100 XM_533309.2 XP_533309.1
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	TYMS¹	--	thymidylate synthetase	99.25(n) 99.04(a)	740018 XM_001150558.1 XP_001150558.1
cow (Bos taurus)	TYMS¹	--	thymidylate synthetase	88.39(n) 90.1(a)	507631 NM_001037816.1 NP_001032905.1
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Tyms¹	--	thymidylate synthetase	85.56(n) 89.25(a)	29261 NM_019179.1 NP_062052.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Tyms^{1, 5}	5 (18.20 cM)⁵	thymidylate synthase^{1, 5}	86.97(n)¹ 90.55(a)¹	22171¹ NM_021288.3¹ NP_067263.1¹ AK011435⁵ AK035663⁵ (see all 24)

About this table Species with no ortholog for TYMS

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TYMS

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Pseudogenes

1 related pseudogene

(According to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Genotyping Reagents from Applied Biosystems)
About This Section

10/167 NCBI SNPs in TYMS are shown (see all 167 )
(Click for Applied Biosystems TaqMan ® Genotyping Assay) (see all 99)

AB	SNP ID	Valid	Chr 18 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Pop	Total sample	More
AB	Genomic Data				Transcription Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--			--
--	rs16948421^1,2	C,F	663395(+)	`TCTGAG/AGGAGC`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		8	NA MN CSAM EA	542
	rs596909^1,2	C,H	659087(+)	`ACAGGG/TAGTTG`	1	G/V	mis¹ ese³		10	MN EU EA WA CSAM	994
	rs2790^1,2	C,F	663086(+)	`AAGAAA/GAAGGA`	1	--	ut3¹ trp³		9	EA MN CSAM NA	2028
--	rs11540153^1,2	C,H	659117(+)	`TGACAC/TCATCA`	1	T/I	mis¹ ese³		9	MN CSAM EA EU WA	806
--	rs11540152^1,2	H	652215(+)	`GAGACT/CTTTTG`	1	L/F	mis¹ ese³		4	EU EA WA	406
--	rs16948409^1,2	F	663211(+)	`TGAGGG/TTATCT`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		3	NA	142
	rs3786362^1,2	C,F,H	652247(-)	`CCTTCT/CTCTCT`	1	E/E	syn¹ ese³ trp³		8	EA NA EU WA	2048
	rs2612100^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	662363(+)	`TGGTCA/GTTTTT`	1	--	int¹		11	NA EU EA WA	980
	rs1001761^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	652103(-)	`AAATCT/CTAAGC`	1	--	int¹		9	MN EU EA WA NA	2038
	rs2847149^1,2	A,C,F,H,O	656371(+)	`GCAGTA/GCCAGG`	1	--	int¹		12	EU EA WA NA MN CSAM	954

About this table

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for TYMS (up to first 250kb)

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, BCGD, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

OMIM: 188350

10/95 Novoseek disease relationships for TYMS gene (see all 95 )

Disease	Score	Articles	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
colorectal cancer	84.84	525	12022983 (5), 15197779 (5), 15770397 (5), 9951876 (4) (see all 99)
colon cancer	76.31	159	10914714 (5), 17934851 (4), 10100718 (3), 16284371 (3) (see all 84)
gastric cancer	69.93	217	11161374 (4), 17854149 (4), 19102414 (4), 10965817 (4) (see all 74)
colon carcinoma	68.66	51	12525515 (3), 10791849 (3), 16609021 (2), 10785598 (2) (see all 28)
tumors	68.66	920	9048835 (10), 11179438 (8), 15309465 (7), 14576935 (6) (see all 99)
colorectal carcinoma	68.13	77	11832164 (4), 15500737 (4), 11131679 (4), 15751630 (3) (see all 34)
colorectal tumors	66.04	27	16391809 (3), 12576451 (2), 10778957 (2), 11249590 (1) (see all 17)
cancer	63.18	389	9126308 (5), 7647337 (5), 19155291 (5), 11410778 (4) (see all 99)
solid tumor	60.84	30	14612954 (2), 19047127 (2), 11249590 (1), 15359285 (1) (see all 23)
colon adenocarcinoma	57.14	8	11589301 (1), 8060136 (1), 16568206 (1), 8216262 (1) (see all 7)

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8 PharmGKB disease relationships for TYMS gene

Disease	PharmGKB Relations	PubMed IDs for articles supporting these relationships
Adenoma	CO GN	14744749
Arthritis	CO PD PK FA GN	12052139
Colorectal Neoplasms	CO GN	14744749
Hyperhomocysteinemia	PD GN	12215845 14656021
Leukemia	CO FA GN	12084458 12604405
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute	CO GN	11986237
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute, L1	CO PD	15630450 15713801
Neoplasms	CO PD PK FA GN	12052139 14740638 11251009 15213713

About this table

Human Gene Mutation Database: TYMS
Genetic Association Database: TYMS
Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator: TYMS (183 documents)

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

Both Inherited Traits and Tumor Mutations Affect Response to Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Novoseek, ²HGNC, ³Entrez Gene, ⁴UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁵UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁶GAD, and/or ⁷PharmGKB)
About This Section

10/1328 PubMed articles for TYMS gene (see all 1328 ):

A multivariate analysis of genomic polymorphisms: prediction of clinical outcome to 5-FU/oxaliplatin combination chemotherapy in refractory colorectal cancer. (PubMed id 15213713)^{1, 3, 6, 7} Stoehlmacher J....Lenz H.J. (2004)
The role of genetic factors in the development of hyperhomocysteinemia. (PubMed id 14656021)^{1, 3, 6, 7} Geisel J....Herrmann W. (2003)
Pharmacogenetics of outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (PubMed id 15713801)^{3, 6, 7} Rocha J.C....Relling M.V. (2005)
Associations between polymorphisms in the thymidylate synthase and serine hydroxymethyltransferase genes and susceptibility to malignant lymphoma. (PubMed id 12604405)^{1, 3, 7} Hishida A....Tajima K. (2003)
Polymorphisms in the thymidylate synthase and serine hydroxymethyltransferase genes and risk of adult acute lymphocytic leukemia. (PubMed id 11986237)^{1, 6, 7} Skibola C.F....Morgan G.J. (2002)
Thymidylate synthase: a novel genetic determinant of plasma homocysteine and folate levels. (PubMed id 12215845)^{3, 6, 7} Trinh B.N....Laird P.W. (2002)
Polymorphisms of the repeated sequences in the enhancer region of the thymidylate synthase gene promoter may predict downstaging after preoperative chemoradiation in rectal cancer. (PubMed id 11251009)^{3, 6, 7} Villafranca E....Brugarolas A. (2001)
Association of thymidylate synthase gene polymorphism with its mRNA and protein expression and with prognosis in gastric cancer. (PubMed id 12530000)^{1, 3, 6} Ishida Y....Watanabe G. (2002)
Thymidylate synthase gene polymorphism predicts toxicity in colorectal cancer patients receiving 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. (PubMed id 15355920)^{1, 3, 6} Lecomte T....Laurent-Puig P. (2004)
Prognostic role of thymidylate synthase polymorphisms in gastric cancer patients treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. (PubMed id 15897576)^{1, 3, 6} Kawakami K....Magnani M. (2005)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 7298	HGNC: 12441	AceView: TYMS	Ensembl:ENSG00000176890	euGenes: HUgn7298
ECgene: TYMS	H-InvDB: TYMS

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for TYMS	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
SHMPD	http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=TYMS

Licensable Technologies for TYMS
(Available from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts)

About This Section

(Reagents available from Applied Biosystems, Antibodies and assays by Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, Novus Biologicals,
Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Millipore, Abnova, and/or Invitrogen, Clones available from OriGene,and/or Invitrogen, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Tocris Bioscience)
About This Section

Products for TYMS:

TaqMan ® Gene Expression Assays

TaqMan ® Genotyping Assays

Free SNP selection tool

Invitrogen iPath Pathways	Invitrogen BLOCK-iT™ RNAi
Invitrogen Antibodies	Invitrogen Assays
Invitrogen Clones	Invitrogen Q-PCR Products
Invitrogen Human Recombinant Kinases	Invitrogen Custom Antibody and Peptide Service
Invitrogen Proteins / Assays / Screening Services	Search Invitrogen catalog for TYMS-related products

	Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	Millipore Immunoassay Services
	Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Predesigned and custom siRNAs for TYMS		Antibodies for TYMS
	Explore super-pooled esiRNAs		Browse proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for TYMS		Small molecules for TYMS
	"Your Favorite Gene" Pathways		feedback

	Antibodies		Primer Pairs
	Cell Culture Products		ELISAs
	Flow Cytometry Kits		Protease Activity Assays & Reagents
	Cell Selection/Detection Kits & Reagents		ELISA/Assay Development Kits & Reagents
	Multiplex/Array Assay Kits & Reagents		ELISpot Kits & Development Modules
	Recombinant & Natural Proteins

	Recombinant Proteins (TYMS)
	Antibodies (TYMS)
	Chimera RNAi (TYMS)
	Custom Service for Mouse Mab
	Custom Service for Rabbit Pab from Full-length Protein

Antibodies & Assays for TYMS (Thymidylate Synthase)

	Recombinant Proteins (Thymidylate Synthase )
	Antibodies (Thymidylate Synthase )

Search OriGene for TYMS

Search Tocris compounds for TYMS

Search www.enzolifesicences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

Antibodies for TYMS

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 2 Jul 2009 Incremental update: 13 Oct 2009

Random Gene From GIFtS :

about GIFtS

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center & Weizmann Institute of Science

The GeneCards Human Gene Database: Copyright © 1996-2009, Weizmann Institute of Science. All Rights Reserved.
TYMS Gene at Home site.
Version 2.41.1
server5.xennexinc.com

TYMS Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 72

Aliases &
Descriptions
for TYMS

Summaries
for TYMS

Genomic Location
for TYMS

Proteins
for TYMS

Protein Domains/
Families
for TYMS

Gene Function
for TYMS

Pathways & Interactions
for TYMS

Drugs & Compounds
for TYMS

Transcripts
for TYMS

Expression
for TYMS

Orthologs
for TYMS

Paralogs
for TYMS

SNPs/Variants
for TYMS

Disorders & Mutations
for TYMS

Medical News
for TYMS

Publications
for TYMS

Search for TYMS

Genome Databases showing TYMS

Other Databases showing TYMS

Specialized Databases showing TYMS

Licensable Technologies
for TYMS

Services
for TYMS

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

TYMS Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 72

Aliases & Descriptionsfor TYMS

Summariesfor TYMS

Genomic Locationfor TYMS

Proteinsfor TYMS

Protein Domains/Familiesfor TYMS

Gene Functionfor TYMS

Pathways & Interactionsfor TYMS

Drugs & Compoundsfor TYMS

Transcriptsfor TYMS

Expression for TYMS

Orthologsfor TYMS

Paralogsfor TYMS

SNPs/Variantsfor TYMS

Disorders & Mutationsfor TYMS

Medical Newsfor TYMS

Publicationsfor TYMS

Search for TYMS

Genome Databases showing TYMS

Other Databases showing TYMS

Specialized Databases showing TYMS

Licensable Technologiesfor TYMS

Servicesfor TYMS

Gene Index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Aliases &
Descriptions
for TYMS

Summaries
for TYMS

Genomic Location
for TYMS

Proteins
for TYMS

Protein Domains/
Families
for TYMS

Gene Function
for TYMS

Pathways & Interactions
for TYMS

Drugs & Compounds
for TYMS

Transcripts
for TYMS

Expression
for TYMS

Orthologs
for TYMS

Paralogs
for TYMS

SNPs/Variants
for TYMS

Disorders & Mutations
for TYMS

Medical News
for TYMS

Publications
for TYMS

Licensable Technologies
for TYMS

Services
for TYMS