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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

TUBB2A Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 60
GCID: GC06M003153

tubulin, beta 2A class IIa

(Previous names: tubulin, beta polypeptide, tubulin, beta 2, tubulin, beta...)
(Previous symbols: TUBB, TUBB2)

Explore 16 diseases affiliated with
TUBB2A via

MalaCards

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Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Tubulin, Beta 2A Class IIa¹ ²		Tubulin, Beta Polypeptide¹
TUBB2¹ ² ³		Class IIa Beta-Tubulin²
TUBB¹ ²		Tubulin Beta-2A Chain²
DJ40E16.7¹		Tubulin, Beta Polypeptide 2²
Tubulin, Beta 2¹		TUBB2B⁵
Tubulin, Beta 2A¹

External Ids:	HGNC: 12412¹	Entrez Gene: 7280²	Ensembl: ENSG00000137267⁷	OMIM: 612850⁵	UniProtKB: Q13885³

Export aliases for TUBB2A gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC06M003101 GC06M003024

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBB2A_HUMAN, Q13885

Function: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on

the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain (By similarity)

summary for TUBB2A:

Microtubules are cylindrical tubes of 20-25 nm in diameter. They are composed of protofilaments which are in

turn composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin polymers. Each microtubule is polarized, at one end alpha-subunits

are exposed (-) and at the other beta-subunits are exposed (+). Microtubules act as a scaffold to determine

cell shape, and provide a backbone for cell organelles and vesicles to move on, a process that requires

motor proteins. The major microtubule motor proteins are kinesin, which generally moves towards the (+) end

of the microtubule, and dynein, which generally moves towards the (-) end. Microtubules also form the

spindle fibers for separating chromosomes during mitosis.

Gene Wiki entry for TUBB2A

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000006.11 NC_018917.1 NT_007592.15

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TUBB2A gene promoter:
C/EBPbeta AML1a FOXJ2 (long isoform) Olf-1 FOXJ2 NF-E2 YY1
Other transcription factors

Browse SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for TUBB2A

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TUBB2A

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6p25 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 6p25.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 6p25.2

TUBB2A Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
TUBB2A gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 6 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06M003153: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	3,153,900 bp from pter	End:	3,157,783 bp from pter
Size:	3,884 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBB2A_HUMAN, Q13885 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Tubulin beta-2A chain

Size: 445 amino acids; 49907 Da

Subunit: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. Interacts with ZNRF1 (By similarity)

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton (By similarity)

Secondary accessions: Q6FGZ8 Q8IWR2

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TUBB2A: NX_Q13885

Post-translational modifications:

Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated. This modification occurs exclusively on glutamate

residues and results in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Also monoglycylated but not polyglycylated

due to the absence of functional TTLL10 in human. Monoglycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into

axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the

mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering glycylation

levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. The precise function of such modifications is still unclear but

they regulate the assembly and dynamics of axonemal microtubules (Probable)¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q13885

TUBB2A Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_001060.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000369703

Reactome Protein details: Q13885
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Browse Proteins at Uscn

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	--
GO:0005874	microtubule	IDA	--
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	IDA	--
GO:0015630	microtubule cytoskeleton	IDA	--

TUBB2A for ontologies About GeneDecksing

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	Browse ELISAs and CLIAs at Uscn

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

TUBB2A for domains About GeneDecksing

5/8 InterPro domains/families (see all 8):

IPR002453 Beta_tubulin

IPR000217 Tubulin

IPR003008 Tubulin_FtsZ_GTPase

IPR023123 Tubulin_C

IPR008280 Tub_FtsZ_C

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q13885

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q13885

1 Blocks protein family: IPB002453 Beta tubulin

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBB2A_HUMAN, Q13885

Similarity: Belongs to the tubulin family

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBB2A_HUMAN, Q13885

Function: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on

the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain (By similarity)

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		hsa-miR-29a hsa-miR-29c hsa-miR-29b
		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: TUBB2A 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for TUBB2A (see all 4) OriGene shRNA RFP: TUBB2A OriGene siRNA: TUBB2A
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Gene Editing
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In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TUBB2A

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0003924	GTPase activity	IEA	--
GO:0005198	structural molecule activity	IEA	--
GO:0005525	GTP binding	IEA	--
GO:0042277	peptide binding	--	--

TUBB2A for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/38 super-pathways (see all 38) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

M Phase

M Phase	1.00	Mitotic Anaphase	0.85
Mitotic M-M/G1 phases	0.88	Separation of Sister Chromatids	0.80
Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase	0.85

Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes

	Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes	1.00			G2/M Transition	0.83
	Centrosome maturation	1.00			Mitotic G2-G2/M phases	0.81

Axon guidance

	Axon guidance	1.00			L1CAM interactions	0.39
	Developmental Biology	0.69			Recycling pathway of L1	0.15

Microtubule-dependent trafficking of connexons from Golgi to the plasma membrane

	Microtubule-dependent trafficking of connexons from Golgi to the plasma membrane	1.00			Post-chaperonin tubulin folding pathway	0.67
	Transport of connexons to the plasma membrane	0.93			Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes	0.50

Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC

	Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC	1.00			Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC	0.70
	Cooperation of Prefoldin and TriC/CCT in actin and tubulin folding	0.74

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

5/9 EMD Millipore Pathways for TUBB2A (see all 9)

	Cytoskeleton remodeling Neurofilaments
	Cytoskeleton remodeling Slit-Robo signaling
	Cytoplasmic microtubules
	Cytoskeleton remodeling Reverse signaling by ephrin B
	Cytoskeleton remodeling Keratin filaments

5/11 Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of QIAGEN Pathway Central Maps for TUBB2A (see all 11)

	Sertoli-Sertoli Cell Junction Dynamics
	Remodeling of Adherens Junctions
	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
	Signaling in Gap Junctions
	Epithelial Adherens Junctions

5/10 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for TUBB2A (see all 10)

	Proteolysis Role of Parkin in the Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Pathway
	Cell cycle Spindle assembly and chromosome separation
	Regulation of CFTR activity (norm and CF)
	Neurophysiological process Receptor-mediated axon growth repulsion
	Cytoskeleton remodeling Keratin filaments

4 BioSystems Pathways for TUBB2A

	Parkin-Ubiquitin Proteasomal System pathway
	Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection
	Signaling events mediated by HDAC Class III
	Signaling events mediated by HDAC Class II

5/41 Reactome Pathways for TUBB2A (see all 41)

	L1CAM interactions
	Mitotic Prometaphase
	Membrane Trafficking
	Protein folding
	Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes

3 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for TUBB2A):

	Phagosome
	Gap junction
	Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection

TUBB2A for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

Search SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for TUBB2A

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/258 Interacting proteins for TUBB2A (Q13885^{2, 3} ENSP00000369703⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 258)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
TK1	P04183²^,³	MINT-63373 MINT-8274302 I2D: score=3
ARL15	Q9NXU5²^,³	MINT-64617 I2D: score=3
CHGB	P05060²^,³	MINT-64589 I2D: score=3
PAFAH1B3	Q15102²^,³	MINT-64209 I2D: score=3
PSMD11	O00231²^,³	MINT-63033 I2D: score=3

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/7 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0006457	protein folding	TAS	--
GO:0007018	microtubule-based movement	IEA	--
GO:0007067	mitosis	--	--
GO:0030182	neuron differentiation	--	--
GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process	TAS	--

TUBB2A for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for TUBB2A available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
XRP44X	Ras-Net pathway inhibitor	[729605-21-4]
Taxol	Promotes assembly and inhibits disassembly of microtubules	[33069-62-4]
Vincristine sulfate	Disrupts microtubules	[2068-78-2]
Vinblastine sulfate	Disrupts microtubules	[143-67-9]
Nocodazole	Microtubule inhibitor	[31430-18-9]

1 HMDB Compound for TUBB2A About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Guanosine triphosphate	5'-GTP (see all 10)	86-01-1	--

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about TUBB2A / TBB2A

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for TUBB2A gene:

NM_001069.2

Unigene Cluster for TUBB2A:

Tubulin, beta 2A class IIa

Hs.654543 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: BM470828

2 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000333628(uc003mvb.3 uc003mvc.3) ENST00000489942

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		hsa-miR-29a hsa-miR-29c hsa-miR-29b
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Additional cDNA sequence:

AK308772.1 AK312621.1 AY159127.1 BC001194.1 BC018780.1 BC127873.1 BC131577.1 BC141924.1

BC141925.1 CR541958.1 X79535.1

24/57 DOTS entries (see all 57):

DT.100893166 DT.100059854 DT.91788697 DT.100892977 DT.91715419 DT.100893086 DT.121379771 DT.100893198

DT.95211698 DT.99932223 DT.100893036 DT.100893165 DT.100893069 DT.100893096 DT.100893094 DT.121379949

DT.92067601 DT.100893270 DT.121380111 DT.40316055 DT.95152292 DT.100841342 DT.100892950 DT.100893200

24/2209 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 2209):

AL536331 CR620206 CR618669 BX441474 BU846416 AL536164 CR598348 CR619349

CB125146 CR609274 BU848666 CR626852 BQ066653 CB153028 BX460345 CR618382

BQ063379 AL536871 BX460532 BU527171 BU856446 AL541432 BX435602 BQ948771

GeneLoc Exon Structure

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

TUBB2A expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: TGTAGAAAAA

About this image

TUBB2A expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

1 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartment/Cell

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Ovary

Antral Follicle

Secondary Oocyte

Female Gametocytes, Germ Cells

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 1 LifeMap Cell

Name

Category

Definitive endoderm-like cells (A scalable, suspensi...)

See TUBB2A Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for TUBB2A

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.654543

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBB2A_HUMAN, Q13885

Tissue specificity: High expression in brain, where it represents 30% of all beta-tubulins

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including TUBB2A:

Gap Junctions in human mouse rat

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In Situ
Assay Products:

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(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for TUBB2A gene from 7/21 species (see all 21) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	LOC768337¹	tubulin beta-2 chain-like	89.51(n) 99.33(a)		768337 XM_001231209.2 XP_001231210.2
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	--	--	98(a)	1 ↔ 1	GL343247.1(1046293-1055051)
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	zgc:123194¹	zgc:123194	84.42(n) 95.94(a)		641421 NM_001037410.1 NP_001032487.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	betaTub97EF¹	beta-Tubulin at 97EF	80.93(n) 87.61(a)		43359 NM_001170282.1 NP_001163753.1
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	mec-7¹	Protein MEC-7	75.13(n) 92.74(a)		181036 NM_076912.2 NP_509313.1
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	TUB5¹	tubulin beta-5 chain	70.8(n) 85.81(a)		838590 NM_101856.2 NP_564101.1
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	NM_187634.1²	--	81.75(n)		NM_187634.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TUBB2A (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for TUBB2A (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for TUBB2A gene

TUBB² TUBB8² TUBB4A² TUBB4B² TUBB2B² TUBB3² ENSG00000173213² TUBB6²

TUBE1² TUBB1² ENSG00000258947²

18/29 SIMAP similar genes for TUBB2A using alignment to 3 protein entries: TBB2A_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):

TUBB2B DKFZp566F223 TUBB4A TUBB4B TUBB2C XTP3TPATP1

TUBB3 TUBB TUBB4Q TUBB6 TUBB8 TUBB1

TUBA1A TUBA1C TUBA4A TUBA2 TUBA3C TUBA3D

TUBB2A for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
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SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 6 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs3205007^1,2	C	--	3153990(-)	`AATTCA/CCACTG`	1	--	ut3¹ ese³		2		MN NA	186
rs145215507^1,2		--	3154007(+)	`AGAGGC/TAAAAC`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs72843326^1,2	C,	--	3154059(+)	`CAACAG/TAAGTT`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs202207883^1,2		--	3154105(+)	`AGCCTC/TGTCCT`	2	K E	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs62637713^1,2	C,F,	--	3154112(+)	`TCCTCG/ACCCTC`	2	/G	syn¹		3		NS NA EU	5953
rs145184832^1,2	C,F	--	3154655(+)	`CGAGGG/AAAGGG`	2	/F	syn¹		2		NA EU	3281
rs11550258^1,2	C,F,	--	3154826(-)	`ATTGAT/CAACGA`	2	/D	syn¹		2		NA EU	5869
rs17849443^1,2	C,F,	--	3154871(+)	`TGGACC/AGAGAG`	2	/S	syn¹		3		NA EU	5609
rs76334433^1,2	C,F	--	3154882(+)	`GGTGGC/TGTTGT`	2	T A	mis¹		2		NA EU	5701
rs147339483^1,2	C,F,	--	3154931(+)	`ATGACG/ACTGAA`	2	/S	syn¹		1		NA	4516

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TUBB2A (3153900 - 3157783 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 3 variations for TUBB2A
3 CNVs: 99406 43681 62464
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): TUBB2A

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(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
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TUBB2A for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 612850
OMIM disorders: 610031
16 diseases for TUBB2A:    About MalaCards

polymicrogyria, asymmetric polymicrogyria chondroblastoma nephronophthisis

endocarditis huntington's disease alzheimer's disease lung cancer

myeloma schizophrenia malaria prostatitis

neuronitis carcinoma parkinson's disease breast cancer

Export disorders for TUBB2A gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
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PubMed articles for TUBB2A gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 115):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TUBB2A)

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The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. (PubMed id 14574404)^{1, 2, 3} Mungall A.J.... Beck S. (2003)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
A census of human soluble protein complexes. (PubMed id 22939629)¹ Havugimana P.C....Emili A. (2012)
A high-throughput approach for measuring temporal chan ges in the interactome. (PubMed id 22863883)¹ Kristensen A.R....Foster L.J. (2012)
bII-tubulin and bIII-tubulin mediate sensitivity to pe loruside A and laulimalide, but not paclitaxel or vinblastine, in human ovarian carcinoma cells. (PubMed id 22180309)¹ Kanakkanthara A....Miller J.H. (2012)
Host cell interactome of HIV-1 Rev includes RNA helica ses involved in multiple facets of virus production. (PubMed id 22174317)¹ Naji S....Gerace L. (2012)
Methods for quantification of in vivo changes in prote in ubiquitination following proteasome and deubiquitinase inhibition. (PubMed id 22505724)¹ Udeshi N.D....Carr S.A. (2012)
Expression of b-tubulin isotypes in classical Hodgkin' s lymphoma. (PubMed id 22449234)¹ Choi J.W....Kim Y.S. (2012)
Regulatory polymorphisms in b-tubulin IIa are associat ed with paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. (PubMed id 22718863)¹ Leandro-Garcia L.J....Rodriguez-Antona C. (2012)
Proteomic analysis identifies dysfunction in cellular transport, energy, and protein metabolism in different brain regions of atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration. (PubMed id 22360420)¹ Martins-de-Souza D....Bahn S. (2012)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
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(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 7280	HGNC: 12412	AceView: TUBBandMGC8685	Ensembl:ENSG00000137267	euGenes: HUgn7280
ECgene: TUBB2A	Kegg: 7280	H-InvDB: TUBB2A

(According to HUGE)
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(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for TUBB2A	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

Intellectual Property for TUBB2A gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

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Patent Information for TUBB2A gene:
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TUBB2A Gene

tubulin, beta 2A class IIa

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TUBB2A Gene

tubulin, beta 2A class IIa

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