Home
GeneCards Guide
Suite
- MalaCards
- GeneALaCart
- GeneAnalytics
- GeneLoc
- GenesLikeMe
- VarElect
- PathCards
Terms of Use
- Terms of Use
- 3rd Party Notice
About Us
- GeneCards Team
- Our Publications
- Citing GeneCards
- Licensing Agreement
- Weizmann Institute
- LifeMap Sciences Inc
User Feedback
GeneCards Plus
- Premium Tools
  
  Learn more

Set Analyses:

VarElect

Advanced Search

TUBA4A Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 64
GCID: GC02M220114

Tubulin, Alpha 4a

(Previous names: tubulin, alpha 1 (testis specific), tubulin, alpha 1)
(Previous symbol: TUBA1)

Try our

MalaCards

disease database

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, ¹⁰fRNAdb, ¹²H-InvDB, ¹³NCBI, ¹⁴NONCODE, and/or ¹⁵RNAdb)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

Aliases
Tubulin, Alpha 4a¹ ²		Tubulin, Alpha 1¹
TUBA1¹ ² ³ ⁵		H2-ALPHA²
Tubulin, Alpha 1 (Testis Specific)¹ ²		Tubulin Alpha-4A Chain²
Tubulin Alpha-1 Chain² ³		Alpha-Tubulin 1³
Tubulin H2-Alpha² ³		Testis-Specific Alpha-Tubulin³

External Ids:	HGNC: 12407¹	Entrez Gene: 7277²	Ensembl: ENSG00000127824⁷	OMIM: 191110⁵	UniProtKB: P68366³

Export aliases for TUBA4A gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC02M219823 GC02M211967

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

Entrez Gene summary for TUBA4A Gene:

Microtubules of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton perform essential and diverse functions and are composed of a

heterodimer of alpha and beta tubulin. The genes encoding these microtubule constituents are part of the tubulin

superfamily, which is composed of six distinct families. Genes from the alpha, beta and gamma tubulin families

are found in all eukaryotes. The alpha and beta tubulins represent the major components of microtubules, while

gamma tubulin plays a critical role in the nucleation of microtubule assembly. There are multiple alpha and beta

tubulin genes and they are highly conserved among and between species. This gene encodes an alpha tubulin that is

a highly conserved homolog of a rat testis-specific alpha tubulin. Alternatively spliced transcript variants

encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (provided by RefSeq, Jun 2013)

GeneCards Summary for TUBA4A Gene:

TUBA4A (tubulin, alpha 4a) is a protein-coding gene. GO annotations related to this gene include GTP binding and structural constituent of cytoskeleton. An important paralog of this gene is TUBA3C.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBA4A_HUMAN, P68366

Function: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site

on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain

summary for TUBA4A Gene:

Microtubules are cylindrical tubes of 20-25 nm in diameter. They are composed of protofilaments which are in

turn composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin polymers. Each microtubule is polarized, at one end alpha-subunits

are exposed (-) and at the other beta-subunits are exposed (+). Microtubules act as a scaffold to determine

cell shape, and provide a backbone for cell organelles and vesicles to move on, a process that requires

motor proteins. The major microtubule motor proteins are kinesin, which generally moves towards the (+) end

of the microtubule, and dynein, which generally moves towards the (-) end. Microtubules also form the

spindle fibers for separating chromosomes during mitosis.

Gene Wiki entry for TUBA4A Gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

RefSeq DNA sequence at NCBI GenBank:

NC_000002.11 NT_005403.18 NC_018913.2

Regulatory elements:

Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TUBA4A gene promoter:
E2F-4 E2F-3a E2F-5 E2F-1 Sp1 E2F E2F-2 PPAR-gamma2 Evi-1
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: TUBA4A promoter sequence

Search Chromatin IP Primers for TUBA4A

Epigenetics:

DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2q35 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 2q35 HGNC cytogenetic band: 2q36.1

TUBA4A Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
TUBA4A gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 2 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC02M220114: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	220,114,433 bp from pter	End:	220,142,892 bp from pter
Size:	28,460 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, ²neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, Cloud-Clone Corp., eBioscience, and/or antibodies-online, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, Cloud-Clone Corp, antibodies-online, and/or others.)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBA4A_HUMAN, P68366 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Tubulin alpha-4A chain

Size: 448 amino acids; 49924 Da

Subunit: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer

diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form

protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule

plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different

protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells

Miscellaneous: This tubulin does not have a C-terminal tyrosine

Secondary accessions: B3KNQ6 P05215

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TUBA4A: NX_P68366

Explore proteomics data for TUBA4A at MOPED

Post-translational modifications:

Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated. This modification occurs exclusively on glutamate

residues and results in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Also monoglycylated but not

polyglycylated due to the absence of functional TTLL10 in human. Monoglycylation is mainly limited to tubulin

incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles,

axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and

lowering glycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. The precise function of such

modifications is still unclear but they regulate the assembly and dynamics of axonemal microtubules (Probable)¹

Acetylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 stabilizes microtubules and affects affinity and processivity of microtubule

motors. This modification has a role in multiple cellular functions, ranging from cell motility, cell cycle

progression or cell differentiation to intracellular trafficking and signaling (By similarity)¹

Ubiquitination² at Lys96, Lys163, Lys280, Lys304, Lys311, Lys326, Lys352, Lys370, Lys394, Lys401

Glycosylation² at Asn380

Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

See TUBA4A Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED, PaxDB, and MaxQB

REFSEQ proteins (2 alternative transcripts):

NP_001265481.1 NP_005991.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000248437 ENSP00000375938 ENSP00000396212 ENSP00000408194 ENSP00000416992

ENSP00000396061 ENSP00000404740

Reactome Protein details: P68366

TUBA4A Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for TUBA4A OriGene Custom MassSpec OriGene Custom Protein Services for TUBA4A
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for TUBA4A
	Novus Biologicals TUBA4A Protein Novus Biologicals TUBA4A Lysate
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Browse Proteins at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Search eBioscience for Proteins for TUBA4A
	antibodies-online proteins for TUBA4A (15 products)
	antibodies-online peptides for TUBA4A

TUBA4A Antibody Products:

	Browse EMD Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
	Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
	OriGene Antibodies for TUBA4A OriGene Custom Antibody Services for TUBA4A
	Novus Biologicals TUBA4A Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for TUBA4A (Q71U36, P68366, Q13748)
	Browse Antibodies at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	ThermoFisher Antibody for TUBA4A
	antibodies-online antibodies for TUBA4A (59 products)

TUBA4A Assay Products:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Assay Services for TUBA4A
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for TUBA4A
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Browse ELISAs at Cloud-Clone Corp. Browse CLIAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Search eBioscience for ELISAs for TUBA4A
	antibodies-online kits for TUBA4A (10 products)

(According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

HGNC Gene Families:

TUB: Tubulins

Selected InterPro protein domains (see all 7):

IPR002452 Alpha_tubulin

IPR000217 Tubulin

IPR003008 Tubulin_FtsZ_GTPase

IPR023123 Tubulin_C

IPR018316 Tubulin/FtsZ_2-layer-sand-dom

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P68366

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P68366

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBA4A_HUMAN, P68366

Similarity: Belongs to the tubulin family

Find genes that share domains with TUBA4A About GenesLikeMe

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, genOway,
transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs and/or Addgene, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Flow cytometry from eBioscience, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

Molecular Function:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: TBA4A_HUMAN, P68366

Function: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site

on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain

Gene Ontology (GO): 4 molecular function terms: About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0003924	GTPase activity	IEA	--
GO:0005200	structural constituent of cytoskeleton	IEA	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	16455083
GO:0005525	GTP binding	IEA	--

Find genes that share ontologies with TUBA4A About GenesLikeMe

Phenotypes:
3 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for TUBA4A:

Decreased DCP1a protein expres

Decreased cell number, increas

Decreased viability of wild-ty

Animal Models:

genOway: Develop your customized and physiologically relevant rodent model for TUBA4A

miRNA Products:		Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat TUBA4A using miScript Target Protectors
		1 qRT-PCR Assays for microRNA that regulate TUBA4A:
		hsa-miR-450b-5p
		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for TUBA4A
		Predesigned siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for TUBA4A

Clone Products:		OriGene clones in human, mouse for TUBA4A (see all 7) OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for TUBA4A OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: TUBA4A (NM_006000)
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for TUBA4A
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for TUBA4A
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TUBA4A

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for TUBA4A
		Browse ESI BIO Cell Lines and PureStem Progenitors for TUBA4A

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TUBA4A

(According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

TBA4A_HUMAN, P68366: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton

Subcellular locations from COMPARTMENTS:

Compartment	Confidence
cytoskeleton	5
cytosol	4
extracellular	4

About this image

Gene Ontology (GO): Selected cellular component terms (see all 8): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	--	--
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	--
GO:0005874	microtubule	IDA	--
GO:0005881	cytoplasmic microtubule	--	--

Find genes that share ontologies with TUBA4A About GenesLikeMe

(SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

SuperPaths for TUBA4A About (see all 15)

See pathways by source

Powered
by

SuperPath

Contained pathways About

Development Slit-Robo signaling

Development Slit-Robo signaling	0.44	Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection	0.41
Neurophysiological process Receptor-mediated axon growth repulsion	0.44	Cell adhesion Gap junctions	0.30
Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection	0.43

Parkin-Ubiquitin Proteasomal System pathway

Parkin-Ubiquitin Proteasomal System pathway

0.96

Proteolysis Role of Parkin in the Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Pathway

0.96

Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition

Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes	0.86	Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition	0.77
Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes	0.86	G2/M Transition	0.70
Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organizationfrom the centrosome	0.86	Mitotic G2-G2/M phases	0.69
Centrosome maturation	0.86

Protein folding

	Protein folding	0.91			Post-chaperonin tubulin folding pathway	0.00
	Chaperonin-mediated protein folding	0.91

Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC

	Cooperation of Prefoldin and TriC/CCT in actin and tubulin folding	0.76			Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC	0.72
	Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC	0.76

Find genes that share SuperPaths with TUBA4A About GenesLikeMe

Pathways by source See SuperPaths
Show all pathways

Selected Downloadable PowerPoint Slides of GeneGlobe Pathway Central Maps for TUBA4A (see all 11)

	Sertoli-Sertoli Cell Junction Dynamics
	Remodeling of Adherens Junctions
	Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer
	Signaling in Gap Junctions
	Epithelial Adherens Junctions

Selected GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for TUBA4A (see all 10)

	Proteolysis Role of Parkin in the Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Pathway
	Cell cycle Spindle assembly and chromosome separation
	Regulation of CFTR activity (norm and CF)
	Neurophysiological process Receptor-mediated axon growth repulsion
	Cytoskeleton remodeling Keratin filaments

2 BioSystems Pathways for TUBA4A

	Parkin-Ubiquitin Proteasomal System pathway
	Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection

Selected Reactome Pathways for TUBA4A (see all 18)

	Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion
	Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC
	Mitotic Prometaphase
	Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes
	Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes

3 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for TUBA4A):

	Phagosome
	Gap junction
	Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection

Pathway & Disease-focused RT² Profiler PCR Array including TUBA4A:

Gap Junctions in human mouse rat

Interactions:

Search GeneGlobe Interaction Network for TUBA4A

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

Selected Interacting proteins for TUBA4A (P68366^{1, 2, 3} ENSP00000248437⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 1112)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
UCHL5	Q9Y5K5²^,³, ENSP00000356425⁴	MINT-4050722 MINT-7945693 MINT-7947479 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000356425
PLK1	P53350²^,³, ENSP00000300093⁴	MINT-7945693 MINT-7947479 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000300093
TCP1	P17987²^,³, ENSP00000317334⁴	MINT-7945693 MINT-7947479 I2D: score=4 STRING: ENSP00000317334
ACTB	P60709²^,³, ENSP00000349960⁴	MINT-7945693 MINT-7947479 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000349960
BUB1	O43683²^,³, ENSP00000302530⁴	MINT-7945693 MINT-7947479 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000302530

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): Selected biological process terms (see all 13): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000086	G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	TAS	--
GO:0000226	microtubule cytoskeleton organization	--	--
GO:0000278	mitotic cell cycle	TAS	--
GO:0002576	platelet degranulation	TAS	--
GO:0006184	GTP catabolic process	--	--

Find genes that share ontologies with TUBA4A About GenesLikeMe

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

9 ApexBio Compounds for TUBA4A

About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
7-xylosyltaxol	taxol (Paclitaxel) derivative	[90332-66-4]
Colchicine	Colchicine, a tubulin Inhibitor	[64-86-8]
D-64131	novel inhibitor of Tubulin polymerization	[74588-78-6]
Docetaxel Trihydrate	inhibitor of depolymerisation of microtubules	[148408-66-6]
Mc-MMAD	Potent tubulin inhibitor	[1401963-15-2]
MMAD	Potent tubulin inhibitor	[203849-91-6]
Monomethyl auristatin E	Antimitotic agent	[474645-27-7]
Podophyllotoxin	Actions Inhibits microtubule assembly	[518-28-5]
Vc-MMAD	antibody drug conjugate	[1401963-17-4]

Compounds for TUBA4A available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
Vinorelbine ditartrate	Selective mitotic microtubule antagonist	[125317-39-7]
Docetaxel	Microtubule stabilizer	[114977-28-5]
Vinblastine sulfate	Disrupts microtubules	[143-67-9]
Colchicine	Inhibitor of tubulin	[64-86-8]
Epothilone B	Microtubule stabilization agent; promotes tubulin polymerization	[152044-54-7]

1 HMDB Compound for TUBA4A About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Guanosine triphosphate	5'-GTP (see all 10)	86-01-1	--

5 DrugBank Compounds for TUBA4A About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Podofilox	--	477-47-4	target	inhibitor	1411635 20979080 20814887 20810285 19286405 20657644
Vincristine	22-Oxovincaleukoblastine (see all 12)	57-22-7	target	inhibitor	11168494 20691709 20442307
Epothilone B	EPO 906 (see all 3)	152044-54-7	target	--	17139284 17016423
Epothilone D	--	189453-10-9	target	--	17139284 17016423
Cabazitaxel	RPR-116258A (see all 5)	183133-96-2	target	binder	--

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, and/or Addgene, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, Flow cytometry from eBioscience )
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

REFSEQ mRNAs for TUBA4A gene (2 alternative transcripts):

NM_001278552.1 NM_006000.2

Unigene Cluster for TUBA4A:

Tubulin, alpha 4a

Hs.75318 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: AK054731

10 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000248437(uc002vkt.1) ENST00000392088(uc010zkz.1) ENST00000498660

ENST00000398989 ENST00000427737 ENST00000456818 ENST00000447205 ENST00000462806

ENST00000475683 ENST00000425551

miRNA Products:		Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat TUBA4A using miScript Target Protectors
		1 qRT-PCR Assays for microRNA that regulate TUBA4A:
		hsa-miR-450b-5p
		Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids

Inhib. RNA Products:		OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for TUBA4A
		Predesigned siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A

Clone Products:		OriGene clones in human, mouse for TUBA4A (see all 7) OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for TUBA4A OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: TUBA4A (NM_006000)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for TUBA4A
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TUBA4A

Primer Products:		OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for TUBA4A OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for TUBA4A
		Pre-validated RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A
		QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A
		QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A

Additional mRNA sequence:

AK054731.1 AK299958.1 BC009238.2 BC018854.2 BT006731.1

21 DOTS entries:

DT.100810985 DT.95119848 DT.118885 DT.100810991 DT.121017611 DT.100810992 DT.95258481 DT.121017614

DT.100810987 DT.121017490 DT.121017682 DT.91768481 DT.100810984 DT.100810990 DT.121017583 DT.121017618

DT.86845545 DT.121017629 DT.91724808 DT.120658537 DT.120697624

Selected AceView cDNA sequences (see all 486):

H45088 BM561700 BQ688607 BG697371 BQ054375 BM543121 BI836113 F03923

F25814 BQ061051 F04584 CB106763 CR620681 BG677642 F08327 BP366721

BM724739 BC009238 BQ054189 BE018124 AA858420 BQ061291 AI811117 BE795269

GeneLoc Exon Structure

3 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for TUBA4A About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	·	4c	^	5a	·	5b
SP1:			-
SP2:
SP3:

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for TUBA4A

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE ¹MOPED, ²PaxDb, and ³MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

TUBA4A expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS <intensity>^2/3
CGAP TAG: GAGGAGGGTG

About this image

TUBA4A expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells About this table

Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database
selected tissues (see all 16) fully expand


Brain (Nervous System) fully expand to see all 5 entries
Mature Choroid Plexus Cells Choroid Plexus
Cerebral Cortex

Ovary (Reproductive System) fully expand to see all 3 entries
Primary Oocyte Primary Follicle
Oviduct

Inner Cell Mass (Early Embryonic Tissues) fully expand to see all 2 entries
Human embryonic stem cells (family)

Skeletal Muscle (Muscoskeletal System) fully expand to see all 2 entries
Mononuclear Myocytes Hyoid Arch Muscles

Epithelial Cells
Mature Choroid Plexus Cells Choroid Plexus

TUBA4A Protein expression data from MOPED¹, PaxDb² and MaxQB³:

About this image

TUBA4A Protein Expression

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.75318

Pathway & Disease-focused RT² Profiler PCR Array including TUBA4A:

Gap Junctions in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for TUBA4A OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for TUBA4A
		Pre-validated RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A
		QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A
		QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TUBA4A

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

Orthologs for TUBA4A gene from Selected species (see all 17) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
mouse (Mus musculus)	Mammalia	Tuba4a^{1 , 5}	tubulin, alpha 4A^{1, 5}	92.56(n)¹ 100(a)¹		1 (38.63 cM)⁵ 22145¹ NM_009447.3¹ NP_033473.1¹ 75214974⁵
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	LOC100857214¹	tubulin alpha-4A chain-like	86.53(n) 96.43(a)		100857214 XM_003641643.2 XP_003641691.2
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	-- --	Uncharacterized protein	97(a) 97(a)	1 ↔ many 1 ↔ many	1(95682244-95703717) 1(95691343-95730606)
tropical clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis)	Amphibia	tuba4b¹	tubulin, alpha 4b	84.9(n) 98.21(a)		549448 NM_001016694.2 NP_001016694.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	tuba8l3¹	tubulin, alpha 8 like 3	81.55(n) 94.87(a)		445164 NM_001003558.1 NP_001003558.1
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	alphaTub85E⁶	alpha-Tubulin at 85E	94(a)	1 ↔ 1	3R(5556943-5558987)
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	mec-12⁶	Protein MEC-12 (mec-12) mRNA, complete cds	91(a)	1 ↔ 1	III(3131574-3139221) WBGene00003175
soybean (Glycine max)	eudicotyledons	Gma.16674²	Transcribed sequence with strong similarity to protein more	78.6(n)
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	Os.21762²	O.sativa mRNA for alpha-tubulin (clone OSTA-136)	79.58(n)		AK102560.1

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TUBA4A (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for TUBA4A (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

Paralogs for TUBA4A gene

TUBA3C² TUBA1B² TUBA1A² TUBA3E² TUBA1C² TUBA8² TUBA3D²

Selected SIMAP similar genes for TUBA4A using alignment to 7 protein entries: TBA4A_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):

TUBA2 TUBA3C TUBA3D TUBA3E TUBA1A TUBA1

TUBA1C TUBA1B TUBA4B TUBA8 DKFZp686L04275 TUBAL3

MGC16703 TUBB2A TUBB2B TUBB4A TUBB6 TUBB3

Find genes that share paralogs with TUBA4A About GenesLikeMe

Selected Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for TUBA4A (see all 9)
PGOHUM00000242759 PGOHUM00000239767 PGOHUM00000239052 PGOHUM00000240390 PGOHUM00000250484

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, ⁴UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 2 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs190009503^1,2		--	219496141(+)	`TCAAAA/GCGCAG`	2	R	syn¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs199881197^1,2	C	--	219496143(+)	`AAAGCA/GCAGAG`	2	R C	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs192834660^1,2	C	--	219496509(+)	`AAGAAC/G/TGAGAA`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs116486324^1,2	C,F	--	219496510(+)	`AGAACG/AAGAAA`	1	--	int¹		1		WA	118
rs200632786^1,2		--	219496539(+)	`AGGGGA/CCTGAG`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs184837540^1,2		--	219496574(+)	`AGCGTA/GAGATA`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs201649283^1,2		--	219496779(+)	`CCTTGC/TCAATG`	2	D G	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs201172087^1,2		--	219496782(+)	`TGCCAA/GTGGTA`	2	T I	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs200651096^1,2		--	219496783(+)	`GCCAAC/TGGTAT`	2	I V	mis¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs199579096^1,2	C	--	219496787(+)	`ATGGTA/GTAGTG`	2	Y	syn¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TUBA4A (220114433 - 220142892 bp)

Structural Variations
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 2 variations for TUBA4A: About this table

Variant ID	Type	Subtype	PubMed ID
nsv508885	CNV	Insertion	20534489
nsv834543	CNV	Loss	17160897

Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays

SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing TUBA4A

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for TUBA4A

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

OMIM gene information: 191110 OMIM disorders: --

Find genes that share disorders with TUBA4A About GenesLikeMe

Genetic Association Database (GAD): TUBA4A
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: TUBA4A (1 document)

Export disorders for TUBA4A gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

PubMed articles for TUBA4A gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 158):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TUBA4A)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

The role of height-associated loci identified in genome wide association studies in the determination of pediatric stature. (PubMed id 20546612)^{1, 4} Zhao J....Grant S.F. (BMC Med. Genet. 2010)
Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)^{1, 2} Ota T.... Sugano S. (Nat. Genet. 2004)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S.... Malek J. (Genome Res. 2004)
Alternative 5' exons either provide or deny an initiator methionine codon to the same alpha-tubulin coding region. (PubMed id 3029670)^{1, 2} Dobner P.R.... Villa-Komaroff L. (Nucleic Acids Res. 1987)
Six mouse alpha-tubulin mRNAs encode five distinct isotypes: testis- specific expression of two sister genes. (PubMed id 3785200)^{1, 3} Villasante A.... Cowan N.J. (Mol. Cell. Biol. 1986)
Acetylated I+-tubulin is reduced in individuals with poor sperm motility. (PubMed id 24268707)¹ Bhagwat S....Parte P. (Fertil. Steril. 2014)
The intracellular interactome of tetraspanin-enriched microdomains reveals their function as sorting machineries toward exosomes. (PubMed id 23463506)¹ Perez-Hernandez D....YA!A+ez-MA^ M. (J. Biol. Chem. 2013)
Profiling of Parkin-binding partners using tandem affinity purification. (PubMed id 24244333)¹ Zanon A....Pichler I. (PLoS ONE 2013)
The SOX2-interactome in brain cancer cells identifies the requirement of MSI2 and USP9X for the growth of brain tumor cells. (PubMed id 23667531)¹ Cox J.L....Rizzino A. (PLoS ONE 2013)
Characterization of the EGFR interactome reveals associated protein complex networks and intracellular receptor dynamics. (PubMed id 23956138)¹ Foerster S....Ritter C.A. (Proteomics 2013)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

Entrez Gene: 7277	HGNC: 12407	AceView: TUBA1	Ensembl:ENSG00000127824	euGenes: HUgn7277
ECgene: TUBA4A	Kegg: 7277	H-InvDB: TUBA4A

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or others, e.g. Wikipedia and GeneReviews, via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for TUBA4A	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
NIEHS-SNPs	http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/tuba1/
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubulin

Intellectual Property for TUBA4A gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus

Patent Information for TUBA4A gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving TUBA4A

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Cloud-Clone Corp., Thermo Fisher Scientific, eBioscience, antibodies-online, and/or others, Gene Editing from DNA2.0. Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Addgene, Cell lines from GenScript, and ESI BIO, Flow cytometery from eBioscience, PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or ApexBio, In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Animal models from genOway)
About This Section

TryGeneCards Plus


	EMD Millipore genomic analysis products

	Browse Antibodies		Browse Cell Culture Products
	Browse ELISAs		Browse Flow Cytometry Kits
	Browse Primer Pairs		Browse Enzyme Activity Assays/Reagents
	Browse ELISpot/FluoroSpot Kits/Development Modules		Browse TFB/Immunoprecipitation Assays
	Browse Apoptosis Detection Kits/Reagents		Browse Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway (UPP) Assay Kits/Reagents
	Browse DNA Damage/Repair Kits/Reagents		Browse Luminex Assays
	Browse Cell Selection/Detection Kits/Reagents		Browse Secondary Antibodies/Controls/Staining Reagents
	Browse Recombinant/Natural Proteins		Browse Stem Cell Products
	Browse cDNA Clones		Browse Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays

	OriGene Antibodies for TUBA4A		OriGene RNAi products in human, mouse, rat for TUBA4A
	OriGene qPCR primer pairs and template standards for TUBA4A		OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate for TUBA4A
	OriGene Custom Mass Spec		OriGene clones in human, mouse for TUBA4A
	OriGene qSTAR qPCR primer pairs in human, mouse for TUBA4A		Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells
	OriGene ORF clones in mouse, rat for TUBA4A		OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
	OriGene Custom Antibody Services for TUBA4A		OriGene Custom Protein Services for TUBA4A

	Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat TUBA4A using miScript Target Protectors		SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing TUBA4A
	DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A		Predesigned siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A
	QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A		QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A
	PCR Arrays including human, mouse, rat TUBA4A		Search Chromatin IP Primers for TUBA4A
	Pre-validated RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TUBA4A		Search GeneGlobe Interaction Network for TUBA4A
	Regulatory tfbs in TUBA4A promoter

	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for TUBA4A		GenScript cDNA clones with any tag delivered in your preferred vector for TUBA4A
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for TUBA4A		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for TUBA4A
	CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes		Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector
	Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection		Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11
	Plasmid Preparation		Custom Peptide Services

Search for Antibodies & Assays

Tocris compounds for TUBA4A

	Browse Sino Biological Proteins
	Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
	cDNA Clones for TUBA4A
	4000+ Proteins
	Search Sino Biological for antibodies, proteins & pathways
	Protein Production Services
	Transfection Reagents
	Protein A/G/L resins
	Isotyping reagents

Search www.enzolifesciences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

	Novus Tissue Slides
	TUBA4A antibodies
	TUBA4A proteins
	TUBA4A lysates

	Antibodies for TUBA4A
	See all of Abcam's Antibodies, Kits and Proteins for TUBA4A
	Custom Antibody / Protein Production Service
	Bulk Purchasing
	Advantages of Rabbit Monoclonal antibodies
	Abcam protocols and scientific support

Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Proteins at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Browse Antibodies at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Browse ELISAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.
	Browse CLIAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.

Browse ESI BIO Cell Lines and PureStem Progenitors for TUBA4A

	Gene Synthesis
	Protein Engineering
	Variant Library Synthesis
	Codon Optimization
	Protein Production and Purification

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TUBA4A

	Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids for TUBA4A
	SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmids for TUBA4A

ThermoFisher Antibody for TUBA4A

Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TUBA4A

ApexBio compounds for TUBA4A

Search Addgene for plasmids for TUBA4A

	Search eBioscience for proteins for TUBA4A
	Search eBioscience for elisas for TUBA4A
	eBioscience FlowRNA Probe Sets

genOway: Develop your customized and physiologically relevant rodent model for TUBA4A

	antibodies-online antibodies for TUBA4A (59 products)
	antibodies-online kits for TUBA4A (10 products)
	antibodies-online peptides for TUBA4A
	antibodies-online proteins for TUBA4A (15 products)

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 7 May 2014 - Incrementals: 9 May 2014 , 2 Jun 2014 , 26 Jun 2014 , 30 Jun 2014 , 21 Aug 2014 , 8 Sep 2014 , 2 Nov 2014 , 8 Jan 2015

View Random Gene

Category			(GIFtS: )
GIFtS Group

The GeneCards human gene database gene index: 1 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

The GeneCards Human Gene Database

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center, Department of Molecular Genetics, the Weizmann Institute of Science

Hot genes Disease genes TUBA4A gene at Home site.

Version: 3.12.304 29 Jan 2015
hostname: 356980-web2.xennexinc.com index build: 128 solr: 1.4

GeneCards Plus

Advanced Search

Export list of displayed genes

TUBA4A Gene

Tubulin, Alpha 4a

Aliases
for TUBA4A gene

Summaries
for TUBA4A gene

Genomic Views
for TUBA4A gene

Proteins
for TUBA4A gene

TUBA4A Human Recombinant Protein Products:

TUBA4A Antibody Products:

TUBA4A Assay Products:

Domains /
Families
for TUBA4A gene

Function
for TUBA4A gene

Localization
for TUBA4A gene

Pathways & Interactions
for TUBA4A gene

Drugs & Compounds
for TUBA4A gene

Transcripts
for TUBA4A gene

Expression
for TUBA4A gene

Orthologs
for TUBA4A gene

Paralogs
for TUBA4A gene

Genomic Variants
for TUBA4A gene

Disorders / Diseases
for TUBA4A gene

Publications
for TUBA4A gene

External Searches for TUBA4A gene

Genome Databases showing TUBA4A gene

Other Databases showing TUBA4A gene

Specialized Databases showing TUBA4A gene

Intellectual Property
for TUBA4A gene

Products
for TUBA4A gene

View Random Gene

GeneCards Plus

Advanced Search

Export list of displayed genes

TUBA4A Gene

Tubulin, Alpha 4a

Aliasesfor TUBA4A gene

Summariesfor TUBA4A gene

Genomic Viewsfor TUBA4A gene

Proteinsfor TUBA4A gene

TUBA4A Human Recombinant Protein Products:

TUBA4A Antibody Products:

TUBA4A Assay Products:

Domains /Familiesfor TUBA4A gene

Functionfor TUBA4A gene

Localizationfor TUBA4A gene

Pathways & Interactionsfor TUBA4A gene

Drugs & Compoundsfor TUBA4A gene

Transcriptsfor TUBA4A gene

Expression for TUBA4A gene

Orthologsfor TUBA4A gene

Paralogsfor TUBA4A gene

Genomic Variantsfor TUBA4A gene

Disorders / Diseasesfor TUBA4A gene

Publicationsfor TUBA4A gene

External Searches for TUBA4A gene

Genome Databases showing TUBA4A gene

Other Databases showing TUBA4A gene

Specialized Databases showing TUBA4A gene

Intellectual Propertyfor TUBA4A gene

Productsfor TUBA4A gene

View Random Gene

Aliases
for TUBA4A gene

Summaries
for TUBA4A gene

Genomic Views
for TUBA4A gene

Proteins
for TUBA4A gene

Domains /
Families
for TUBA4A gene

Function
for TUBA4A gene

Localization
for TUBA4A gene

Pathways & Interactions
for TUBA4A gene

Drugs & Compounds
for TUBA4A gene

Transcripts
for TUBA4A gene

Expression
for TUBA4A gene

Orthologs
for TUBA4A gene

Paralogs
for TUBA4A gene

Genomic Variants
for TUBA4A gene

Disorders / Diseases
for TUBA4A gene

Publications
for TUBA4A gene

Intellectual Property
for TUBA4A gene

Products
for TUBA4A gene