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TUBA1C Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 64
GCID: GC12P049582

Tubulin, Alpha 1c

(Previous names: tubulin, alpha 6)
(Previous symbol: TUBA6)
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Aliases
for TUBA1C gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, 10fRNAdb, 12H-InvDB, 13NCBI, 14NONCODE, and/or 15RNAdb)
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This gene clusters with an RNA gene
Subcategory (RNA class): antisense

Quality score for the ORGUL clustered with this gene is 3

Aliases
Tubulin, Alpha 1c1 2     Tubulin Alpha-6 Chain2 3
TUBA61 2 3     bcm9482
Tubulin, Alpha 61 2     Tubulin Alpha-1C Chain2
Alpha-Tubulin 62 3     

External Ids:    HGNC: 207681   Entrez Gene: 847902   Ensembl: ENSG000001675537   UniProtKB: Q9BQE33   
ORGUL members:         

Export aliases for TUBA1C gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC12P047908 GC12P049658 GC12P046689


Summaries
for TUBA1C gene

(According to Entrez Gene, GeneCards, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
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GeneCards Summary for TUBA1C Gene:
TUBA1C (tubulin, alpha 1c) is a protein-coding gene. Diseases associated with TUBA1C include distal hereditary motor neuropathy, type ii, and osteoblastoma. GO annotations related to this gene include structural molecule activity and GTP binding. An important paralog of this gene is TUBA3C.

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBA1C_HUMAN, Q9BQE3
Function: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site
on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain

summary for TUBA1C Gene:
Microtubules are cylindrical tubes of 20-25 nm in diameter. They are composed of protofilaments which are in
turn composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin polymers. Each microtubule is polarized, at one end alpha-subunits
are exposed (-) and at the other beta-subunits are exposed (+). Microtubules act as a scaffold to determine
cell shape, and provide a backbone for cell organelles and vesicles to move on, a process that requires
motor proteins. The major microtubule motor proteins are kinesin, which generally moves towards the (+) end
of the microtubule, and dynein, which generally moves towards the (-) end. Microtubules also form the
spindle fibers for separating chromosomes during mitosis.

Gene Wiki entry for TUBA1C Gene


Genomic Views
for TUBA1C gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 75), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
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RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000012.12  NC_018923.2  NT_029419.13  
Regulatory elements:
   Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TUBA1C gene promoter:
         HNF-1A   YY1   PPAR-gamma1   CBF-A   CBF-B   HNF-1   PPAR-gamma2   CBF(2)   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: TUBA1C promoter sequence
   Search Chromatin IP Primers for TUBA1C

Epigenetics:
DNA Methylation CpG Assay Predesigned for Pyrosequencing in human, mouse, rat TUBA1C


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 12q13.12   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  12q13.12   HGNC cytogenetic band: 12q13.12

TUBA1C Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
TUBA1C gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 12         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC12P049582:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 49,582,519 bp from pter      End:
 49,667,114 bp from pter
Size:
 84,596 bases      Orientation:
 plus strand

Proteins
for TUBA1C gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, 2neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp., Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, LSBio, Abcam, and/or Cloud-Clone Corp.)
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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBA1C_HUMAN, Q9BQE3 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Tubulin alpha-1C chain  
Size: 449 amino acids; 49895 Da
Subunit: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer
diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form
protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule
plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different
protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TUBA1C: NX_Q9BQE3

Explore proteomics data for TUBA1C at MOPED

Post-translational modifications: 

  • Undergoes a tyrosination/detyrosination cycle, the cyclic removal and re-addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue
    by the enzymes tubulin tyrosine carboxypeptidase (TTCP) and tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), respectively (By
    similarity)1
  • Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated. This modification occurs exclusively on glutamate
    residues and results in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Also monoglycylated but not
    polyglycylated due to the absence of functional TTLL10 in human. Monoglycylation is mainly limited to tubulin
    incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles,
    axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and
    lowering glycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. The precise function of such
    modifications is still unclear but they regulate the assembly and dynamics of axonemal microtubules (Probable)1
  • Acetylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 stabilizes microtubules and affects affinity and processivity of microtubule
    motors. This modification has a role in multiple cellular functions, ranging from cell motility, cell cycle
    progression or cell differentiation to intracellular trafficking and signaling (By similarity)1
  • Ubiquitination2 at Lys60, Lys96, Lys112, Lys163, Lys280, Lys304, Lys311, Lys326, Lys336, Lys338,
                                 Lys352, Lys370, Lys394, Lys401
  • Modification sites at PhosphoSitePlus

    • See TUBA1C Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED, PaxDB, and MaxQB

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_116093.1  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000443475   ENSP00000447669   ENSP00000448646   ENSP00000447910   ENSP00000301072  
     ENSP00000448211  
    Reactome Protein details: Q9BQE3

    TUBA1C Human Recombinant Protein Products:

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    Novus Biologicals TUBA1C Protein
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    Browse Sino Biological Cell Lysates
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    Browse Proteins at Cloud-Clone Corp.

    TUBA1C Antibody Products:

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    Abcam antibodies for TUBA1C (P68366, Q9BQE3)
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    LSBio Antibodies in human, mouse, rat for TUBA1C

    TUBA1C Assay Products:

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    Browse CLIAs at Cloud-Clone Corp.

    Domains /
    Families
    for TUBA1C gene

    (According to HGNC, IUPHAR, InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    TryGeneCards Plus    		 HGNC Gene Families:
    TUB: Tubulins

    Selected InterPro protein domains (see all 7):
     IPR002452 Alpha_tubulin
     IPR000217 Tubulin
     IPR003008 Tubulin_FtsZ_GTPase
     IPR023123 Tubulin_C
     IPR018316 Tubulin/FtsZ_2-layer-sand-dom

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9BQE3

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9BQE3

    1 Blocks protein domain: IPB002452 Alpha tubulin signature

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TBA1C_HUMAN, Q9BQE3
    Similarity: Belongs to the tubulin family


    TUBA1C for domains           About GeneDecksing


    Function
    for TUBA1C gene

    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013, inGenious Targeting Laboratory, genOway,
    transcription factor targeting from QIAGEN and/or HOMER, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase, shRNA from OriGene, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, ESI BIO, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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    Molecular Function:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Summary: TBA1C_HUMAN, Q9BQE3
    Function: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site
    on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain

         Gene Ontology (GO): 5 molecular function terms:    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0003924GTPase activity IEA--
    GO:0005198structural molecule activity TAS12090300
    GO:0005200structural constituent of cytoskeleton IEA--
    GO:0005525GTP binding IEA--
    GO:0019904protein domain specific binding ----
         
    TUBA1C for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Phenotypes:
         6 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for TUBA1C:
     Cell division defect  Decreased Hepatitis C virus re  Decreased cell number, increas  Decreased viability of wild-ty 
     Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory  Increased number of mitotic ce 

    Animal Models:
       inGenious Targeting Laboratory: Let us create your new Knockout/Knockin mouse model for TUBA1C
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       genOway customized KO model: permanent, tissue-specific or time-controlled inactivation for TUBA1C
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    miRNA
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    hsa-let-7b-5p (MIRT052239), hsa-mir-324-5p (MIRT043045), hsa-mir-296-3p (MIRT038397), hsa-mir-16-5p (MIRT031663), hsa-mir-92a-3p (MIRT049110), hsa-mir-877-3p (MIRT036933), hsa-mir-760 (MIRT036769), hsa-mir-940 (MIRT036595), hsa-mir-221-3p (MIRT046865)

    Block miRNA regulation of human, mouse, rat TUBA1C using miScript Target Protectors
    Search for qRT-PCR Assays for microRNAs that regulate TUBA1C
    Browse SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmids
    Inhib. RNA
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    Gene Editing
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    Clone
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    GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: TUBA1C (NM_032704)
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for TUBA1C
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    Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TUBA1C

    Cell Line
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    In Situ Assay
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    Localization
    for TUBA1C gene

    (According to UniProtKB, COMPARTMENTS Subcellular localization database, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene.)
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    Subcellular locations from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    TBA1C_HUMAN, Q9BQE3: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton
    Subcellular locations from COMPARTMENTS: 

    CompartmentConfidence
    cytoskeleton5
    cytosol3
    nucleus1

    Gene Ontology (GO): 5 cellular component terms:    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005737cytoplasm ----
    GO:0005874microtubule TAS12090300
    GO:0005881cytoplasmic microtubule IEA--
    GO:0015630microtubule cytoskeleton ----
    GO:0043234protein complex ----

    TUBA1C for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for TUBA1C gene

    (SuperPaths according to PathCards, Pathways according to R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Sino Biological, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to QIAGEN, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Apr 2014 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section

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    SuperPaths for TUBA1C About   (see all 13)                                                                                              See pathways by source

    SuperPathContained pathways About
    1Development Slit Robo signaling
    		Development Slit Robo signaling0.92
    		Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection0.41
    		Cytoskeleton remodeling Slit Robo signaling0.92
    		Neurophysiological process Receptor mediated axon growth repulsion0.41
    		Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection0.43
    2Parkin-Ubiquitin Proteasomal System pathway
    		Proteolysis Role of Parkin in the Ubiquitin Proteasomal Pathway0.89
    		Parkin-Ubiquitin Proteasomal System pathway0.89
    3Cytoplasmic microtubules
    		Cytoplasmic microtubules0.32
    		Cytoskeleton remodeling Neurofilaments0.32
    4Protein folding
    		Chaperonin-mediated protein folding0.91
    		Post-chaperonin tubulin folding pathway0.00
    		Protein folding0.91
    5Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC
    		Cooperation of Prefoldin and TriC/CCT in actin and tubulin folding0.76
    		Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC0.72
    		Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC0.76

    Pathways by source                                                                                                                                                                 See SuperPaths
    Show all pathways


    Selected GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for TUBA1C (see all 10)
        Proteolysis Role of Parkin in the Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Pathway
    Cell cycle Spindle assembly and chromosome separation
    Regulation of CFTR activity (norm and CF)
    Neurophysiological process Receptor-mediated axon growth repulsion
    Cytoskeleton remodeling Keratin filaments

    2 BioSystems Pathways for TUBA1C
        Parkin-Ubiquitin Proteasomal System pathway
    Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection


    Selected Reactome Pathways for TUBA1C (see all 13)
        Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion
    Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC
    Mitotic Prometaphase
    Translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane
    Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes


    3 Kegg Pathways  (Kegg details for TUBA1C):
        Phagosome
    Gap junction
    Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection


    TUBA1C for pathways           About GeneDecksing

        Pathway & Disease-focused RT2 Profiler PCR Array including TUBA1C: 
              Gap Junctions in human mouse rat

    Interactions:

        Search GeneGlobe Interaction Network for TUBA1C

    STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

    Selected Interacting proteins for TUBA1C (Q9BQE32, 3 ENSP000003010724) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 740)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    YWHAQP273482, 3, ENSP000002380814MINT-7900157 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000238081
    NSFP464592, 3MINT-7947479 I2D: score=1 
    UBA5Q9GZZ92, 3MINT-7947479 I2D: score=1 
    TJP1Q071572, 3, ENSP000002815374MINT-2984901 I2D: score=3 STRING: ENSP00000281537
    CDKN2AP427713, ENSP000003551534I2D: score=1 I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000355153
    About this table

    Gene Ontology (GO): Selected biological process terms (see all 10):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0000226microtubule cytoskeleton organization ----
    GO:0006184GTP catabolic process ----
    GO:0006457protein folding TAS--
    GO:0007017microtubule-based process TAS12090300
    GO:0030705cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport TAS12090300

    TUBA1C for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for TUBA1C gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, ApexBio, HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, Ligands according to IUPHAR, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB)
    About This Section

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    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
       Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences
      Browse compounds at ApexBio 

    Compounds for TUBA1C available from Tocris Bioscience    About this table
    CompoundAction CAS #
    Vinorelbine ditartrateSelective mitotic microtubule antagonist[125317-39-7]
    DocetaxelMicrotubule stabilizer[114977-28-5]
    Vinblastine sulfateDisrupts microtubules[143-67-9]
    ColchicineInhibitor of tubulin[64-86-8]
    Epothilone BMicrotubule stabilization agent; promotes tubulin polymerization[152044-54-7]

    1 HMDB Compound for TUBA1C    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #PubMed Ids
    Guanosine triphosphate5'-GTP (see all 10)86-01-1--

    3 DrugBank Compounds for TUBA1C    About this table
    CompoundSynonyms CAS #TypeActionsPubMed Ids
    Epothilone BEPO 906 (see all 3)152044-54-7target--17139284 17016423
    Epothilone D-- 189453-10-9target--17139284 17016423
    2-MERCAPTO-N-[1,2,3,10-TETRAMETHOXY-9-OXO-5,6,7,9-TETRAHYDRO-BENZO[A]HEPTALEN-7-YL]ACETAMIDE-- --target--10592235



    Transcripts
    for TUBA1C gene

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 236 Homo sapiens; Apr 25 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    Conferences by KenesGroup, exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN, SwitchGear Genomics,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN )
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    REFSEQ mRNAs for TUBA1C gene: 
    NM_032704.3  

    Unigene Cluster for TUBA1C:

    Tubulin, alpha 1c
    Hs.652390  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: AK293589
    9 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000549554 ENST00000550574 ENST00000541364(uc010smh.1) ENST00000549818
    ENST00000552448 ENST00000552125 ENST00000301072(uc001rtt.1) ENST00000549183
    ENST00000548470

    miRNA
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    Primer
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    Pre-validated RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TUBA1C
      QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TUBA1C
      QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TUBA1C

    Additional mRNA sequence: 

    AK223024.1 AK293589.1 BC004949.1 BC005946.1 BC011790.1 BC019298.2 BC021088.1 BC033064.1 
    BC051297.1 BC063036.1 D28390.1 

    Selected DOTS entries (see all 170):

    DT.95214022  DT.100744545  DT.99926617  DT.100744301  DT.100842020  DT.100744421  DT.121136664  DT.95320022 
    DT.92475285  DT.100744242  DT.100744456  DT.97869896  DT.92475277  DT.121136256  DT.95174359  DT.121136350 
    DT.121134955  DT.100856215  DT.92475321  DT.92475326  DT.98083143  DT.100744540  DT.121134834  DT.97869904 

    19 AceView cDNA sequences:

    BC021088 CR610386 CR595837 CR599151 CR599275 BC011790 D28390 CR599812 
    CR624182 CR603141 BC019298 BC051297 CR613152 CR605574 BC063036 BC004949 
    BC005946 NM_032704 BC033064 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure


    Expression
    for TUBA1C gene

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE 1MOPED, 2PaxDb, and 3MaxQB, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from QIAGEN, Primers from OriGene, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

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    TUBA1C expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)      TUBA1C embryonic expression: see
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS <intensity>2/3
    CGAP TAG: GCTGCCCTTG
    TUBA1C Expression
    About this image


    TUBA1C expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells    About this table
    Data from LifeMap, the Embryonic Development and Stem Cells Database
     selected tissues (see all 18) fully expand
     
     Brain (Nervous System)
             Cerebral Cortex
     
     Bone (Muscoskeletal System)
             Bone Marrow
     
     Endoderm (Gastrulation Derivatives)
             Endoderm-like cells
     
     Colon (Gastrointestinal Tract)
     
     Uterus (Reproductive System)
    TUBA1C Protein expression data from MOPED1, PaxDb2 and MaxQB3:     About this image

    TUBA1C Protein Expression

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.652390
        Pathway & Disease-focused RT2 Profiler PCR Array including TUBA1C: 
              Gap Junctions in human mouse rat

    Primer
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    QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TUBA1C
    In Situ
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    Orthologs
    for TUBA1C gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
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    This gene was present in the common ancestor of eukaryotes.

    Orthologs for TUBA1C gene from Selected species (see all 23)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification    		 Gene Description Human
    Similarity    		 Orthology
    Type    		 Details
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Mammalia Tuba1c1 , 5 tubulin, alpha 1C1, 5 93.76(n)1
    99.33(a)1    		   15 (55.61 cM)5
    221461  NM_009448.41  NP_033474.11 
     990298915 
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)    		 Aves LOC1008572471 tubulin alpha-5 chain-like 84.3(n)
    95.98(a)    		   100857247  XM_004942841.1  XP_004942898.1 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)    		 Reptilia TUBA1C6
    		 tubulin, alpha 1c
    		 99(a)
    		 1 ↔ 1
    		 GL343198.1(2510602-2522950)
    African clawed frog
    (Xenopus laevis)    		 Amphibia BC046841.12   -- 86.81(n)    BC046841.1 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)    		 Actinopterygii tuba1b1 tubulin, alpha 1b 85.23(n)
    98(a)    		   373080  NM_194388.2  NP_919369.2 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)    		 Insecta alphaTub84B1 alpha-Tubulin at 84B 82.33(n)
    96.88(a)    		   40848  NM_057424.4  NP_476772.1 
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)    		 Secernentea tba-21 tba-2 75.76(n)
    88.37(a)    		   173167  NM_001025879.3  NP_001021050.1 
    baker's yeast
    (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)    		 Saccharomycetes TUB11 TUB1 64.87(n)
    74.83(a)    		   854889   NP_013625.1 
    thale cress
    (Arabidopsis thaliana)    		 eudicotyledons TUA21 TUA2 75.28(n)
    85.75(a)    		   841425  NM_103889.3  NP_175423.1 
    rice
    (Oryza sativa)    		 Liliopsida Os.95042 O.sativa mRNA for alpha-tubulin (clone OSTA-274) 79.93(n)    AK069140.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TUBA1C (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for TUBA1C (if available)

    Paralogs
    for TUBA1C gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
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    Paralogs for TUBA1C gene
    TUBA3C2  TUBA4A2  TUBA1B2  TUBA1A2  TUBA3E2  TUBA82  TUBA3D2  
    Selected SIMAP similar genes for TUBA1C using alignment to 6 protein entries:     TBA1C_HUMAN (see all proteins) (see all similar genes):
    TUBA1    TUBA4B    TUBA1A    TUBA4A    FP1523    ZNF114
    TUBA1B    NDUFS3    PUS1    TUBA2    TUBA3C    TUBA3D
    TUBA3E    NLN    PACRG    SH2B3    TM4SF19    TUBA8

    TUBA1C for paralogs           About GeneDecksing


    3 Pseudogenes.org Pseudogenes for TUBA1C
    PGOHUM00000244008 PGOHUM00000261295 PGOHUM00000244705


    Genomic Variants
    for TUBA1C gene

    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, 4UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD), the Human Cytochrome P450 Allele Nomenclature Database, and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays, and Copy Number PCR Arrays from QIAGEN)
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    Selected SNPs for TUBA1C (see all 168)    About this table    
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance    		Chr 12 posSequence#AA
    Chg    		TypeMore#Allele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs1907773521,2
    		C--49493631(+) AGATCG/TCACCA 1 -- int10--------
    rs23354521,2
    		C,F,A,H--49493648(-) GTCTCG/CCTGGA 1 -- int16Minor allele frequency- C:0.03NS EA NA 632
    rs1397223061,2
    		--49493673(+) ACGTAC/TATGAA 1 -- int10--------
    rs1831612351,2
    		--49493676(+) TACATG/TAATTT 1 -- int10--------
    rs733062631,2
    		C,F--49493707(+) AATACA/TTGTAT 1 -- int13Minor allele frequency- T:0.06WA CSA 122
    rs111689481,2
    		C,F,A,H--49493751(+) AAGCAG/ATACCA 1 -- int120Minor allele frequency- A:0.19NS EA NA WA CSA 2338
    rs123100931,2
    		C,F--49494033(+) AATTGC/GGGGCG 1 -- int11Minor allele frequency- G:0.06WA 118
    rs1443831061,2
    		--49494160(+) GCTTTC/TTGGGG 1 -- int10--------
    rs1461111731,2
    		C--49494238(+) CCCAGC/TACTTT 1 -- int10--------
    rs1880015591,2
    		--49494252(+) AGGCCA/GAGGTG 1 -- int10--------

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TUBA1C (49582519 - 49667114 bp)

    Structural Variations
         Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) 2 variations for TUBA1C:    About this table    
    Variant IDTypeSubtypePubMed ID
    nsv507642CNV Insertion20534489
    nsv509466CNV Insertion20534489

    Site Specific Mutation Identification with PCR Assays
    SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing TUBA1C
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for TUBA1C

    Disorders / Diseases
    for TUBA1C gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Conferences by KenesGroup, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    TryGeneCards Plus    		 17 diseases for TUBA1C:    About MalaCards
    distal hereditary motor neuropathy, type ii    osteoblastoma    distal hereditary motor neuropathy    chondroblastoma
    endocarditis    neuropathy    hiv-1    hepatitis c virus
    parkinson's disease    hepatitis c    hepatocellular carcinoma    hepatitis
    multiple myeloma    myeloma    prostate cancer    neuronitis
    prostatitis

    1 disease from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for TUBA1C:
    Osteoblastoma

    TUBA1C for disorders           About GeneDecksing


    Congresses - knowledge worth sharing:
    Alzheimer's & Parkinson's Diseases Congress (ADPD) 18 - 22 March 2015
    Genetic Association Database (GAD): TUBA1C

    Export disorders for TUBA1C gene to outside databases

    Publications
    for TUBA1C gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

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    PubMed articles for TUBA1C gene, integrated from 10 sources (see all 86):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TUBA1C)    		    Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
    world of online information

    1. Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. (PubMed id 17081983)1, 2 Olsen J.V....Mann M. (Cell 2006)
    2. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S.... Malek J. (Genome Res. 2004)
    3. Construction of a human full-length cDNA bank. (PubMed id 7821789)1, 3 Kato S....Aoki T. (Gene 1994)
    4. The intracellular interactome of tetraspanin-enriched microdomains reveals their function as sorting machineries toward exosomes. (PubMed id 23463506)1 Perez-Hernandez D....YA!A+ez-MA^ M. (J. Biol. Chem. 2013)
    5. Quantitative study of the interactome of PKCIP involved in the EGF-induced tumor cell chemotaxis. (PubMed id 23402259)1 Chen R....Zhang N. (J. Proteome Res. 2013)
    6. Profiling of Parkin-binding partners using tandem affinity purification. (PubMed id 24244333)1 Zanon A....Pichler I. (PLoS ONE 2013)
    7. Interlaboratory reproducibility of large-scale human protein-complex analysis by standardized AP-MS. (PubMed id 23455922)1 Varjosalo M....Superti-Furga G. (Nat. Methods 2013)
    8. A regulatory circuit that involves HR23B and HDAC6 governs the biological response to HDAC inhibitors. (PubMed id 23703321)1 New M....La Thangue N.B. (Cell Death Differ. 2013)
    9. A census of human soluble protein complexes. (PubMed id 22939629)1 Havugimana P.C....Emili A. (Cell 2012)
    10. Protein interaction profiling of the p97 adaptor UBXD1 points to a role for the complex in modulating ERGIC-53 trafficking. (PubMed id 22337587)1 Haines D.S....Deshaies R.J. (amp 2012)

    External Searches for TUBA1C gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing TUBA1C gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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    Entrez Gene: 84790 HGNC: 20768 AceView: TUBA6 Ensembl:ENSG00000167553 euGenes: HUgn84790
    ECgene: TUBA1C Kegg: 84790 H-InvDB: TUBA1C

    Other Databases showing TUBA1C gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section

    TryGeneCards Plus    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing TUBA1C gene

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or others, e.g. Wikipedia and GeneReviews, via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section

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    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for TUBA1C Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    Intellectual Property
    for TUBA1C gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
    About This Section

    TryGeneCards Plus    		Patent Information for TUBA1C gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving TUBA1C

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



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