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Category   Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21
GIFtS

TTLL4 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 46
GCID: GC02P219575

tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family, member 4

 Explore 4 diseases affiliated with
TTLL4 via our new
 Human Malady Compendium 
Biological research products
for TTLL4
    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc, 7Ensembl, 8DME, 9miRBase, and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Tubulin Tyrosine Ligase-Like Family, Member 41 2
KIAA01731 3
Tubulin--Tyrosine Ligase-Like Protein 42 3
Tubulin Polyglutamylase TTLL42
EC 6.-.-.-3

External Ids:    HGNC: 289761   Entrez Gene: 96542   Ensembl: ENSG000001359127   UniProtKB: Q146793   

Export aliases for TTLL4 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC02P219779 GC02P219401 GC02P219283 GC02P211428


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TTLL4_HUMAN, Q14679
Function: Polyglutamylase which preferentially modifies beta-tubulin and nucleosome assembly proteins NAP1 and NAP2.
Involved in the side-chain initiation step of the polyglutamylation reaction rather than in the elongation step (By
similarity)




(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000002.11  NC_018913.1  NT_005403.17  
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TTLL4 gene promoter:
         HOXA9B   HOXA9   Pax-5   AML1a   Meis-1b   Evi-1   Gfi-1   CREB   Pax-4a   Meis-1   
         Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmidTTLL4 promoter sequence
   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for TTLL4

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TTLL4


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2p24.3-p24.1   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  2q35   HGNC cytogenetic band: 2p24.3-p24.1

TTLL4 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
TTLL4 gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 2         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC02P219575:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
219,575,568 bp from pter      End:
219,620,139 bp from pter
Size:
44,572 bases      Orientation:
plus strand

(According to 1UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TTLL4_HUMAN, Q14679 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Tubulin polyglutamylase TTLL4  
Size: 1199 amino acids; 133378 Da
Subcellular location: Cell projection, cilium (By similarity). Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body (By
similarity). Note=Located in cilia. In some cells, also found in basal bodies (By similarity)
Sequence caution: Sequence=BAA11490.2; Type=Erroneous initiation;
Secondary accessions: A8K6V5 Q8WW29

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TTLL4: NX_Q14679

Post-translational modifications:

  • View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2
  • View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q14679

  • TTLL4 Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb:    About this image 
    Estimated protein expression log10 (pmol).

    REFSEQ proteins: NP_055455.3  
    ENSEMBL proteins: 
     ENSP00000393332   ENSP00000411228   ENSP00000375951   ENSP00000391342   ENSP00000396555  
     ENSP00000405485   ENSP00000415197   ENSP00000407434   ENSP00000392103   ENSP00000415845  
     ENSP00000400068   ENSP00000258398  

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    Uscn Proteins for TTLL4

    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005737cytoplasm IEA--
    GO:0005929cilium IEA--
    GO:0005932microtubule basal body IEA--


    TTLL4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



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    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for TTLL4


    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    TTLL4 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    1 InterPro domain/family:
     IPR004344 Tub_tyr_ligase

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q14679

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q14679

    1 Blocks protein family: IPB004344 Tubulin-tyrosine ligase

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TTLL4_HUMAN, Q14679
    Similarity: Belongs to the tubulin--tyrosine ligase family
    Similarity: Contains 1 TTL domain


    (According to 1UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or 2DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
    bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    Function Summary:

         UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TTLL4_HUMAN, Q14679
    Function: Polyglutamylase which preferentially modifies beta-tubulin and nucleosome assembly proteins NAP1 and NAP2.
    Involved in the side-chain initiation step of the polyglutamylation reaction rather than in the elongation step (By
    similarity)

    Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 6.-.-.-1

    miRNA
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    hsa-miR-1321 hsa-miR-892b hsa-miR-3194-5p hsa-miR-3664-5p hsa-let-7d hsa-miR-202 hsa-let-7c hsa-let-7g
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidTTLL4 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TTLL4

    Gene Ontology (GO): 3 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004835tubulin-tyrosine ligase activity IEA--
    GO:0005524ATP binding ----
    GO:0015631tubulin binding ISS--


    TTLL4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing


    1 GenomeRNAi human phenotype for TTLL4:
     Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory 

    Animal Models:
         6 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele(MGI details for Ttll4):
     adipose tissue  behavior/neurological  growth/size  other  skeleton 
     vision/eye 

    TTLL4 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, 3I2D, and/or 4STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section



    Interactions:

        Search SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for TTLL4

    Gene Ontology (GO): 2 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view):    About this table

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006464cellular protein modification process ----
    GO:0018095protein polyglutamylation ISS--


    TTLL4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
    About This Section
    Browse Small Molecules at EMD Millipore
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for TTLL4
    Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about TTLL4 

    (Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
    GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
    siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
    About This Section

    REFSEQ mRNAs for TTLL4 gene: 
    NM_014640.4  

    Unigene Cluster for TTLL4:

    Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family, member 4
    Hs.471405  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_014640
    18/21 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant (see all 21):
    ENST00000457313(uc010zkl.1) ENST00000415717 ENST00000392102(uc002viy.3)
    ENST00000437755 ENST00000442769 ENST00000424644 ENST00000417196 ENST00000461181
    ENST00000494428 ENST00000467841 ENST00000480472 ENST00000475950 ENST00000480929
    ENST00000465558(uc010zkm.1) ENST00000434241 ENST00000491899 ENST00000448224
    ENST00000436668

    miRNA
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    8/22 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate TTLL4 (see all 22):
    hsa-miR-1321 hsa-miR-892b hsa-miR-3194-5p hsa-miR-3664-5p hsa-let-7d hsa-miR-202 hsa-let-7c hsa-let-7g
    SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmidTTLL4 3' UTR sequence
    Inhib. RNA
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    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for TTLL4 (see all 4)
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      QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TTLL4
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    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AK091026.1 AK291770.1 AK296054.1 AK302728.1 AL833511.1 BC021707.2 D79995.1 

    9 DOTS entries:

    DT.454985  DT.100768712  DT.95214937  DT.121000979  DT.121000951  DT.100768708  DT.97861809  DT.121000989 
    DT.91729125 

    24/140 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 140):

    AL043926 AU121903 BU183665 AI804193 AU122569 AU121941 AL119721 BU754563 
    BQ233286 BU196548 AK091026 W90432 BQ884084 BF589124 BQ683112 BM450150 
    BE300671 AI087927 AA604678 BM699793 N30473 CA446910 BI910645 AU133094 

    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/10 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for TTLL4 (see all 10)    About this scheme

    ExUns: 1a · 1b ^ 2 ^ 3 ^ 4 ^ 5a · 5b · 5c ^ 6a · 6b · 6c · 6d · 6e · 6f ^ 7a · 7b · 7c ^ 8a · 8b ^ 9a · 9b ^ 10a · 10b ^ 11 ^ 12 ^ 13 ^
    SP1:                                -     -           -     -     -     -           -     -                       -                       -                     
    SP2:                                -     -           -     -     -     -           -     -     -     -           -                       -                     
    SP3:                                                                                -     -     -                 -                       -                     
    SP4:                                                                                -     -                       -                       -                     
    SP5:                                                  -     -     -     -           -     -                       -                                             

    ExUns: 14a · 14b ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18a · 18b · 18c · 18d
    SP1:                                                      
    SP2:                                                      
    SP3:                                                      
    SP4:                                                      
    SP5:                                                      


    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for TTLL4

    (RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
    PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
    About This Section

    TTLL4 expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
    See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
    About this imageBioGPS
    CGAP TAG: GGCATCAGCT

    Microarray
    RNAseq (Illumina Body Map)
    (100×FPKM)½
    SAGE (Serial Analysis of Gene Expression)

    About this image
    See TTLL4 Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
    Genevestigator expression for TTLL4

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.471405
        SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for TTLL4
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    In Situ
    Assay Products:
     

     
    Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TTLL4

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD , 5MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or 6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
    About This Section

    This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.

    Orthologs for TTLL4 gene from 6/23 species (see all 23)    About this table
    Organism Taxonomic
    classification
    Gene Description Human
    Similarity
    Orthology
    Type
    Details
    chicken
    (Gallus gallus)
    Aves TTLL41 tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family, member 4 68.74(n)
    70.66(a)
      424209  XM_422058.3  XP_422058.3 
    lizard
    (Anolis carolinensis)
    Reptilia TTLL46
    --
    58(a)
    1 ↔ 1
    1(95913188-95932456)
    tropical clawed frog
    (Xenopus tropicalis)
    Amphibia Str.169252 Transcribed sequence with moderate similarity to protein more 79.5(n)    AL851633.2 
    zebrafish
    (Danio rerio)
    Actinopterygii BG799694.12   -- 75.65(n)    BG799694.1 
    fruit fly
    (Drosophila melanogaster)
    Insecta CG39646
    CG168336
    --
    27(a)
    24(a)
    possible ortholog
    possible ortholog
    2L(3862681-3867507)
    2L(10989305-10997700)
    worm
    (Caenorhabditis elegans)
    Secernentea ttll-41 Protein TTLL-4 47.49(n)
    40.86(a)
      176427  NM_001027814.1  NP_001022985.1 


    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TTLL4 (if available)
    TreeFam Gene Tree for TTLL4 (if available) 

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene,
    2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for TTLL4 gene
    TTLL102  TTLL32  TTLL12  TTLL52  TTLL112  TTLL92  TTLL72  TTLL62  
    TTL2  TTLL82  TTLL22  TTLL132  ARPC4-TTLL32  
    4 SIMAP similar genes for TTLL4 using alignment to 11 protein entries:     TTLL4_HUMAN (see all proteins):
    TTLL5    TTLL11    TTLL9    TTLL1

    TTLL4 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs/Variants according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    10/802 NCBI SNPs in TTLL4 are shown (see all 802    About this table
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidClinical
    significance
    Chr 2 posSequence#AA
    Chg
    TypeMore#Allele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs1866820591,2
    --219573691(+) GATCCA/GCCCGC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1129487941,2
    C,--219573790(+) AGCCAC/TGATGG 1 -- us2k12Minor allele frequency- T:0.07CSA WA 120
    rs1898628651,2
    --219574026(+) CTCCTG/TTCTCA 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1473889831,2
    --219574119(+) CCATGA/TTGCCC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1840138771,2
    --219574171(+) GTTGGG/TATTAC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs730809101,2
    C,F,--219574174(+) GGGATT/GACAAG 1 -- us2k13Minor allele frequency- G:0.08WA 122
    rs1889571951,2
    --219574241(+) TAAAAC/TATCTC 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs2014235451,2
    --219574416(+) TCAAC-/TTTTTT 1 -- us2k10--------
    rs1141481611,2
    F,--219574570(+) AATTCT/ACCCAT 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- A:0.06WA 118
    rs745351931,2
    F,--219574666(+) TTCATC/TAGATT 1 -- us2k11Minor allele frequency- T:0.16WA 118

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TTLL4 (219575568 - 219620139 bp)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for TTLL4: --

    SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays
    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing TTLL4
    DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for TTLL4

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    TTLL4 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    4 diseases for TTLL4:    About MalaCards
    pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma    pancreatitis    pancreatic cancer    adenocarcinoma


    Export disorders for TTLL4 gene to outside databases

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6HMDB, 7DrugBank, 8UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 9 Novoseek, and/or 10fRNAdb)
    About This Section

    PubMed articles for TTLL4 gene integrated from 9 sources:
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TTLL4)
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    1. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
    2. Characterization of the human tubulin tyrosine ligase-like 1 gene (TTLL1) mapping to 22q13.1. (PubMed id 11054573)1, 3 Trichet V.... De Sario A. (2000)
    3. Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. V. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0161-KIAA0200) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1. (PubMed id 8724849)1, 2 Nagase T.... Nomura N. (1996)
    4. A proteome-wide, quantitative survey of in vivo ubiqui tylation sites reveals widespread regulatory roles. (PubMed id 21890473)1 Wagner S.A....Choudhary C. (2011)
    5. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions. (PubMed id 19690332)2 Mayya V.... Han D.K. (2009)
    6. Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. (PubMed id 16344560)1 Kimura K.... Sugano S. (2006)
    7. Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
    8. Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. (PubMed id 12477932)1 Strausberg R.L....Marra M.A. (2002)
    9. Involvement of the tubulin tyrosine ligase-like famil y member 4 polyglutamylase in PELP1 polyglutamylation and chromatin remodeling in pancreatic cancer cells. (PubMed id 20442285)9 Kashiwaya K....Nakamura Y. (2010)

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    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 9654 HGNC: 28976 AceView: TTLL4 Ensembl:ENSG00000135912 euGenes: HUgn9654
    ECgene: TTLL4 H-InvDB: TTLL4

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    HUGE: KIAA0173

    (According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    PharmGKB entry for TTLL4 Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)
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    Patent Information for TTLL4 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving TTLL4

    GeneCards and IP:
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