TRO Gene
protein-coding GIFtS: 55
GCID: GC0XP054946
|
|
trophinin
| |
Aliases
for TRO gene
(According to
1HGNC,
2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc,
7Ensembl,
8DME,
9miRBase,
and/or 10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
| Aliases |
|---|
| Trophinin1 | | MAGE-D31 | | MAGED31 2 3 | | MAGE Superfamily Protein2 | | KIAA11141 3 | | Magphinin1 | | MAGE-D3 Antigen2 3 | | Melanoma Antigen, Family D, 32 | | MAGE-D31 | | |
Export aliases for TRO gene to outside databasesPrevious GC identifers: GC0XP051799 GC0XP052885 GC0XP053552 GC0XP053914 GC0XP054830 GC0XP054963 GC0XP051998 |
Summaries
for TRO gene(According to Entrez Gene,
Tocris Bioscience,
Wikipedia's
Gene Wiki,
PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
and/or
UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
|
Entrez Gene summary for TRO:
This gene encodes a membrane protein that mediates cell adhesion between trophoblastic cells and the epithelial cellsof the endometrium. The encoded protein participates in cell signalling during embryo implantation, and may also beinvolved in cancer formation. This gene is located near several other closely related genes on chromosome X.Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. (provided by RefSeq, Sep 2012)
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TROP_HUMAN, Q12816Function: Could be involved with bystin and tastin in a cell adhesion molecule complex that mediates an initialattachment of the blastocyst to uterine epithelial cells at the time of the embryo implantation. Directly responsiblefor homophilic cell adhesion
Gene Wiki entry for TRO
|
Genomic Views
for TRO gene
(According to
GeneLoc and/or
HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to
UCSC (hg19) and
Ensembl (release 69),
Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to
QIAGEN,
SABiosciences, and/or
SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section
| RefSeq DNA sequence:- NC_000023.10 NC_018934.1 NT_011630.14
Regulatory elements:
 SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TRO gene promoter:
AP-1 ATF-2 ZIC2/Zic2 c-Jun
Other transcription factors
Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for TRO
Epigenetics:
| | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TRO |
Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track
Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: Xp11.22-p11.21 Ensembl cytogenetic band: Xp11.21 HGNC cytogenetic band: Xp11.22-p11.21TRO Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to
 (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GeneLoc information about chromosome X GeneLoc Exon Structure GeneLoc location for GC0XP054946: view genomic region
(about GC identifiers)
Start:
|
54,946,895 bp from pter |
End:
|
54,957,864 bp from pter |
Size:
|
10,970 bases |
Orientation:
|
plus strand |
|
Proteins
for TRO gene
(According to
1UniProtKB,
HORDE,
neXtProt,
Ensembl,
and/or Reactome,
Modification sites according to 2PhosphoSitePlus,
Specific Peptides from DME,
Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb,
RefSeq according to NCBI,
PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia,
Recombinant Proteins
from
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Enzo Life Sciences,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Sino Biological,
ProSpec, and/or
Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
OriGene,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
Uscn,
Ontologies according to Gene
Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and
Entrez Gene,
Antibodies by
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
GenScript,
Cell Signaling Technology,
OriGene,
Novus Biologicals,
Thermo Fisher Scientific,
Abcam, and/or
Uscn)
About This Section
|
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TROP_HUMAN, Q12816 (See
protein sequence)Recommended Name: Trophinin Size: 1431 amino acids; 143716 Da
Subunit: Directly binds bystin, and indirectly tastin
Sequence caution: Sequence=AAA79334.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Sequence=BAA83066.3; Type=Erroneous initiation;
Secondary accessions: Q96SX2 Q9NU89 Q9UPN8Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: Q12816-1 Q12816-2 (No experimental confirmation available)Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TRO: NX_Q12816
Post-translational modifications:
View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus2View neXtProt modification sites for NX_Q12816
TRO Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image 
REFSEQ proteins (6 alternative transcripts):
NP_001034794.1 NP_001258112.1 NP_001258113.1 NP_057241.2 NP_808224.1 NP_808225.1
ENSEMBL proteins: ENSP00000388947 ENSP00000387676 ENSP00000411717 ENSP00000404645 ENSP00000173898 ENSP00000318278 ENSP00000412588 ENSP00000404794 ENSP00000364169 ENSP00000364162 ENSP00000382641 ENSP00000405043 ENSP00000407996 ENSP00000364181 ENSP00000406574 ENSP00000392841 ENSP00000404767 ENSP00000405311 ENSP00000405126
Human Recombinant Protein Products:
Gene Ontology (GO): 4 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table
TRO for ontologies About GeneDecksing
TRO Antibody Products:
Assay Products for TRO: |
Protein
Domains /
Families
for TRO gene(According to InterPro, ProtoNet,
UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section
|
TRO for domains About GeneDecksing
1 InterPro domain/family:Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q12816ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q12816 1 Blocks protein family: IPB002190 MAGE protein
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TROP_HUMAN, Q12816Similarity: Contains 1 MAGE domain |
Function
for TRO gene
(According to 1UniProtKB,
Genatlas,
LifeMap Discovery™,
IUBMB, and/or
2DME,
Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi,
Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences,
miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase
shRNA from
OriGene,
RNAi from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Gene Editing from DNA2.0,
Clones from EMD Millipore,
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
Sino Biological,
DNA2.0,
and Vector BioLabs,
Cell Lines from GenScript,
LifeMap BioReagents,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene.)
About This Section
|
Function Summary:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TROP_HUMAN, Q12816Function: Could be involved with bystin and tastin in a cell adhesion molecule complex that mediates an initialattachment of the blastocyst to uterine epithelial cells at the time of the embryo implantation. Directly responsiblefor homophilic cell adhesion Genatlas biochemistry entry for TRO:trophinin,cell adhesion between trophoblast and endometrial epithelium,interacting with bystin,tastin,escaping Xinactivation potential involved in embryo implantation
Clone
Products: |  | Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore | |  | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TRO (see all 6)
OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TRO (see all 3)
OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling 
| |  | GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 5): TRO (NM_001042369) | |  | Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones | |  | DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene
Synthesis Service for TRO | |  | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TRO |
In Situ Assay
Products: |
 | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TRO |
Gene Ontology (GO): 1 molecular function term (GO ID links to tree view): About this table
TRO for ontologies About GeneDecksing
Animal Models:
Mouse knock-out Trotm1Mfu for TRO
2 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele ) (MGI details for Tro):
TRO for phenotypes About GeneDecksing
|
Pathways & Interactions
for TRO gene
(Pathways according to
EMD Millipore,
R&D Systems,
Cell Signaling Technology,
KEGG,
PharmGKB,
BioSystems,
Reactome,
Tocris Bioscience,
GeneGo (Thomson Reuters),
QIAGEN,
and/or UniProtKB,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
Interaction Networks according to
SABiosciences,
and/or STRING,
Interactions according to 1UniProtKB,
2MINT,
3I2D, and/or
4STRING,
with links to IntAct and
Ensembl,
Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via
Entrez Gene).
About This Section
|
Interactions:
SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for TRO
STRING Interaction
Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 8)
5/8 Interacting proteins for TRO (Q128161, 2, 3 ENSP000001738984) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 8)About this table
Gene Ontology (GO): 3 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view): About this table
TRO for ontologies About GeneDecksing
|
Drugs & Compounds
for TRO gene(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences,
EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience
HMDB,
BitterDB, and/or
Novoseek, and Drugs according to
DrugBank,
Enzo Life Sciences, and/or
PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news
search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section
|
TRO for compounds About GeneDecksing
 Browse Tocris compounds for TRO
1 Novoseek chemical compound relationship for TRO gene About this table
| Compound |
-log (P-Val) |
Hits |
PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences) |
| tyrosine |
10.2 |
3 |
17495530 (1), 19159951 (1), 17360433 (1) |
Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about TRO / TROP
|
Transcripts
for TRO gene(Secondary structures according to
fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene
(Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or
AceView,
transcript ids from Ensembl
with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc,
alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or
ECgene,
RNAi Products from
EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from
OriGene,
QIAGEN,
shRNA from
OriGene,
microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from
OriGene,
SwitchGear Genomics,
GenScript,
DNA2.0,
Vector BioLabs,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN
)
About This Section
|
REFSEQ mRNAs for TRO gene (6 alternative transcripts): NM_001039705.2 NM_001271183.1 NM_001271184.1 NM_016157.3 NM_177556.2 NM_177557.2 Unigene Cluster for TRO: Trophinin Hs.633653 [show with all ESTs]Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_00103970518/25 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant (see all 25): ENST00000411534 ENST00000452830 ENST00000430420 ENST00000442098 ENST00000173898(uc004dtq.3 uc011mok.2)
ENST00000319167(uc004dts.3) ENST00000453081 ENST00000445561(uc004dtt.3)
ENST00000375029(uc004dtu.3) ENST00000375022(uc011moj.1 uc004dtr.3)
ENST00000399736(uc004dtv.3) ENST00000440072 ENST00000484031 ENST00000431115
ENST00000474933 ENST00000375041(uc004dtw.3) ENST00000440759 ENST00000449980
Clone
Products: | | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TRO (see all 6)
OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TRO (see all 3)
OriGene custom cloning services – gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling
| | | GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector (see all 5): TRO (NM_001042369) | | | DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene
Synthesis Service for TRO | | | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TRO |
Additional cDNA sequence: AB029037.2 AF349719.1 AF349720.1 AF349721.1 AF349722.1 AK001300.1 AK027489.1 AK027861.1 AK225841.1 AK296329.1 AK299568.1 BC026914.1 NR_073148.1 NR_073149.1 U04811.2 24/27 DOTS entries (see all 27): DT.121321756 DT.121321862 DT.100788600 DT.121321932 DT.121321902 DT.97844275 DT.92463531 DT.100723626 DT.116173 DT.99981015 DT.121321765 DT.121321895 DT.100788597 DT.121321798 DT.121321856 DT.95367460 DT.86852389 DT.92463518 DT.100788594 DT.102842475 DT.121321823 DT.121321824 DT.121321817 DT.121321889 24/172 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 172): AI567105 CB153182 BC026914 BM806622 AI420719 AF349719 CR591436 H65534 BQ233449 BM665398 AI684324 NM_016157 AI334337 BQ267842 AI457932 NM_177557 BP368681 AA113829 N67950 AA995148 AW513106 AF349720 BU678149 BU154657
GeneLoc Exon Structure
5/28 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for TRO (see all 28) About this scheme
| ExUns: | 1a | · | 1b | · | 1c | · | 1d | · | 1e | · | 1f | · | 1g | · | 1h | · | 1i | · | 1j | ^ | 2a | · | 2b | ^ | 3 | ^ | 4 | ^ | 5a | · | 5b | · | 5c | ^ | 6a | · | 6b | · | 6c | · | 6d | · | 6e | · | 6f | · | 6g | · | 6h | · | 6i | · |
|---|
|
| SP1: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| SP2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| SP3: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | |
| SP4: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| SP5: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ExUns: | 6j | · | 6k | · | 6l | · | 6m | · | 6n | ^ | 7a | · | 7b | ^ | 8a | · | 8b | ^ | 9 | ^ | 10 | ^ | 11 | ^ | 12 | ^ | 13 | ^ | 14a | · | 14b | ^ | 15a | · | 15b | ^ | 16a | · | 16b | · | 16c | · | 16d | ^ | 17a | · | 17b | ^ | 18 |
|---|
|
| SP1: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | - | | | | | | | | - | | - | | | | | | | | |
| SP2: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | - | | | | | | | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | |
| SP3: | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | - | | | | | | | | - | | - | | | | | | | | |
| SP4: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | - | | | | | | | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | |
| SP5: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - | | | | - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for TRO
|
Expression
for TRO gene
(RNA expression data according to
H-InvDB,
NONCODE,
miRBase, and
RNAdb,
Expression images according to data from
BioGPS,
Illumina Human BodyMap, and
CGAP
SAGE,
Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks,
in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™,
plus additional links to
Genevestigator, and/or
SOURCE, and/or
BioGPS, and/or
UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from
SABiosciences,
Primers from
OriGene,
SABiosciences, and/or
QIAGEN,
In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section
| TRO expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: TGATGGAAAA
About this image
See TRO Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for TRO
SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.633653
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TROP_HUMAN, Q12816Tissue specificity: Strong expression at implantation sites. Found in the placenta from the sixth week of pregnancy.Was localized in the cytoplasm of the syncytiotrophoblast in the chorionic villi and in endometrial decidual cells atthe uteroplacental interface. After week 10, the level decreased and then disappeared from placental villi. Also foundin macrophages
SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including TRO:
Primer
Products: | | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for TRO
Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
| | | SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TRO | | | QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TRO | | | QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TRO | In Situ
Assay Products: |
| Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TRO |
Orthologs
for TRO gene
(Orthologs according to
1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version),
3euGenes,
4SGD
,
5MGI Mar 06 2013,
with possible further links to
Flybase
and/or
WormBase,
and/or
6Ensembl pan taxonomic compara ,
Gene Trees according to Ensembl and
TreeFam)
About This Section
|
This gene was present in the common ancestor of animals.
Orthologs for TRO gene from 3/16 species (see all 16) About this table
| Organism |
Taxonomic
classification |
Gene |
Description |
Human
Similarity |
Orthology
Type |
Details |
lizard
(Anolis carolinensis) |
Reptilia |
-- |
-- |
41(a) |
1 → many |
1(205669616-205678308) |
zebrafish
(Danio rerio) |
Actinopterygii |
ndnl26 |
necdin-like 2 |
36(a) |
1 → many |
23(13012414-13025121) |
fruit fly
(Drosophila melanogaster) |
Insecta |
MAGE6 |
MAGE |
22(a) |
1 → many |
3R(2979960-2980898) |
ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TRO (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for TRO (if available) |
Paralogs
for TRO gene(Paralogs according to
1HomoloGene,
2Ensembl, and 3SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to 4Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section
| Paralogs for TRO gene
- MAGEC22 MAGEA9B2 MAGEB52 MAGEB162 MAGEB42 MAGEB12 MAGEC12 MAGED42
- MAGEA82 MAGED22 MAGEA122 MAGEA92 MAGEB172 MAGEB102 MAGEA62 MAGEE12
- MAGED12 MAGEA22 MAGEC32 MAGEA32 NDN2 MAGEB22 MAGEB32 MAGED4B2
- MAGEE22 MAGEA42 MAGEA12 MAGEA102 MAGEB182 MAGEA2B2 MAGEB62 MAGEL22
- MAGEA112 NDNL22 MAGEF12
18/37 SIMAP similar genes for TRO using alignment to 20 protein entries: TROP_HUMAN (see all proteins)
(see all similar genes):MAGEH1 MAGED2 MAGEL2 MAGED4 MAGED4B MAGED1
NDNL2 MAGEA1 MAGEA9 NDN MAGEA9B MAGEA10
MAGEA2B MAGE-B1 MAGEB1 MAGEA2 MAGEA3 MAGEF1
TRO for paralogs About GeneDecksing
|
Genomic Variants
for TRO gene(SNPs/Variants according to the
1NCBI SNP Database,
2Ensembl,
3PupaSUITE,
UniProtKB, and
DNA2.0,
Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap,
Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene
Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation
Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT,
Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN,
Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section
|
| Genomic Data | Transcription Related Data | Allele Frequencies | | SNP ID | Valid | Clinical
significance | Chr X pos | Sequence | # | AA
Chg | Type | More | # | Allele
freq | Pop | Total
sample | More |
|---|
HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TRO (54946895 - 54957864 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV): 1 variation for TRO
1 CNV: 23256
Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): TRO
Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): TRO
| SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays |
| | QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing TRO |
|
Disorders
/ Diseases
for TRO gene
(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards,
OMIM, UniProtKB,
the University of Copenhagen DISEASES
database, Novoseek,
Genatlas, GeneTests,
GAD,
HuGE Navigator,
and/or TGDB.)
About This Section
|
TRO for disorders About GeneDecksing
OMIM gene information: 300132
OMIM disorders: --
20/28  diseases for TRO (see all 28): About MalaCardsprader-willi syndrome fibrous histiocytoma malignant fibrous histiocytoma testicular germ cell tumor
ectopic pregnancy germ cell tumor x inactivation melanoma
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis histiocytoma testicular cancer rheumatoid arthritis
trichuriasis teratocarcinoma endometrial carcinoma gallbladder cancer
infertility hepatitis b arthritis ovarian cancer
8 Novoseek disease relationships for TRO gene About this table
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: TRO (1 document)
Export disorders for TRO gene to outside databases
|
Publications
for TRO gene (in
PubMed.
Associations of this gene to articles via
1Entrez Gene,
2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
3HGNC,
4GAD,
5PharmGKB,
6HMDB,
7DrugBank,
8UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
9 Novoseek, and/or
10fRNAdb)
About This Section
|
PubMed articles for TRO gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 57):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TRO) | |  | Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information |
- Trophinin and tastin, a novel cell adhesion molecule complex with potential involvement in embryo implantation. (PubMed id 7758945)1, 2, 9 Fukuda M.N....Nozawa S. (1995)
- An overview of the MAGE gene family with the identification of all human members of the family. (PubMed id 11454705)1, 3, 9 Chomez P....Lucas S. (2001)
- The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. (PubMed id 15772651)1, 2 Ross M.T.... Bentley D.R. (2005)
- Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)1, 2 Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
- Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. (PubMed id 10470851)1, 2 Kikuno R....Ohara O. (1999)
- Assignment of trophoblast/endometrial epithelium cell adhesion molecule trophinin gene TRO to human chromosome bands Xp11.22-->p11.21 by in situ hybridization. (PubMed id 9533028)1, 3 Pack S.D....Fukuda M.N. (1997)
- The role of trophinin, an adhesion molecule unique to human trophoblasts, in progression of colorectal cancer. (PubMed id 17487845)1, 9 Harada O....Nakayama J. (2007)
- Implantation-dependent expression of trophinin by maternal fallopian tube epithelia during tubal pregnancies: possible role of human chorionic gonadotrophin on ectopic pregnancy. (PubMed id 14633596)1, 9 Nakayama J....Fukuda M.N. (2003)
- The trophinin gene encodes a novel group of MAGE proteins, magphinins, and regulates cell proliferation during gametogenesis in the mouse. (PubMed id 11590179)1, 9 Saburi S....Fukuda M.N. (2001)
- Enhanced expression of trophinin promotes invasive and metastatic potential of human gallbladder cancer cells. (PubMed id 18846386)1, 9 Chang X.Z....Cao X.C. (2009)
|
External Searches for TRO gene
(in PubMed,
OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section
|
|
Genome Databases showing TRO gene
(According to
Entrez Gene,
HGNC,
AceView,
euGenes,
Ensembl,
miRBase,
ECgene,
Kegg,
and/or
H-InvDB)
About This Section
|
|
Other Databases showing TRO gene
(According to HUGE)
About This Section
| |
Specialized Databases showing TRO gene(According to PharmGKB,
ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section
|
| Name | Description |
| PharmGKB entry for TRO | Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways |
|
| | |
About This Section
| Patent Information for TRO gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving TRO
GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search
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Products
for TRO gene(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or
Enzo Life Sciences),
In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics
About This Section
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| | |  | Browse OriGene Antibodies | | OriGene shRNA RFP for TRO | | | OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for TRO | | OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for TRO | | | Browse OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysates | | Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits | | | OriGene siRNA for TRO | | OriGene 3'-UTR Clone for TRO | | | OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TRO | | OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TRO | | | Browse OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector | | Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids | | | Browse OriGene basic RS shRNAs | | Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs | | | Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells | | OriGene custom cloning services - gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis,
variant library, vector shuttling | | | OriGene Custom Antibody Services for TRO | | OriGene Custom Protein Services for TRO | | | OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development | | |
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| | | QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of in human, mouse, rat TRO | | | QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing TRO | | | QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TRO | | | QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TRO | | | QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TRO | | | QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TRO |
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| | | | Search Tocris compounds for TRO |
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 | | | TRO Proteins, Antibodies, CLIAs, and ELISAs |
| | | | | Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TRO |
|  |  |  | | | | Search ThermoFisher Antibodies for TRO |
| | | Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TRO |
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