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Category Symbol Source: HGNC EntrezGene Ensembl GeneCards RNA genes CroW21

GIFtS
-

TOP2A Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 71
GCID: GC17M038544

topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha 170kDa

(Previous name: topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha (170kD) )
(Previous symbol: TOP2)

Explore 112 diseases affiliated with
TOP2A via

MalaCards

our new
Human Malady Compendium

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc, ⁷Ensembl, ⁸DME, ⁹miRBase, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

Aliases
Topoisomerase (DNA) II Alpha 170kDa¹ ²		TP2A²
TOP2¹ ² ³ ⁵		DNA Gyrase²
DNA Topoisomerase II, Alpha Isozyme² ³		DNA Topoisomerase (ATP-Hydrolyzing)²
EC 5.99.1.3³ ⁸		DNA Topoisomerase 2-Alpha²
Topoisomerase (DNA) II Alpha (170kD)¹		DNA Topoisomerase II, 170 KD²

External Ids:	HGNC: 11989¹	Entrez Gene: 7153²	Ensembl: ENSG00000131747⁷	OMIM: 126430⁵	UniProtKB: P11388³

Export aliases for TOP2A gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC17M038044 GC17M040720 GC17M038453 GC17M038919 GC17M038920 GC17M035798 GC17M034337

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki, PharmGKB,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for TOP2A:

This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during

transcription. This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and

the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication. It catalyzes the transient

breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus

altering the topology of DNA. Two forms of this enzyme exist as likely products of a gene duplication event. The gene

encoding this form, alpha, is localized to chromosome 17 and the beta gene is localized to chromosome 3. The gene

encoding this enzyme functions as the target for several anticancer agents and a variety of mutations in this gene

have been associated with the development of drug resistance. Reduced activity of this enzyme may also play a role in

ataxia-telangiectasia. (provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TOP2A_HUMAN, P11388

Function: Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands.

Topoisomerase II makes double-strand breaks. Essential during mitosis and meiosis for proper segregation of daughter

chromosomes

summary for TOP2A:

Topoisomerases are ubiquitously expressed enzymes that overcome topological problems in genomic DNA, which

can result from DNA replication, transcription and repair. Common problems such as overwinding (positive

supercoiling), knots and tangles are resolved by topoisomerases by catalysing the breaking of one or two

strands of DNA. Topoisomerase type I enzymes cut just one strand of the DNA double helix, and hence relax

supercoiling of the DNA. Four genes encode Type I topoisomerases, which include nuclear topoisomerase I

(TOP1) and mitochondrial topoisomerase I (TOP1MT). Type I enzymes can also be sub-divided into Types A and B

based on their different catalytic mechanism for generating single DNA strand breaks. TOP1 and TOP1MT are

both type 1B since they form 3'-phosphotyrosyl bonds. Camptothecin is a natural product inhibitor of TOP1

that has led to the discovery of derivatives that are clinically used anti-cancer drugs. Such inhibitors

trap the enzyme in a cleavage complex with DNA. Type II topoisomerases (IIA and IIB) are particular

important for the disentanglement of DNA, which is overcome by generating double stranded DNA breaks.

Dysregulation of type II enzymes can therefore have a potentially significant genotoxic effect. There is a

broad range of topoisomerase II inhibitors that are used clinically as anticancer agents.

Gene Wiki entry for TOP2A

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 69), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to QIAGEN, SABiosciences, and/or SwitchGear Genomics)
About This Section

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000017.10 NC_018928.1 NT_010783.15

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the TOP2A gene promoter:
GR ATF-2 RelA NF-kappaB E47 CRE-BP1 Msx-1 Zic3 NF-kappaB1
Other transcription factors

SwitchGear Promoter luciferase reporter plasmid: TOP2A promoter sequence

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for TOP2A

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays in human, mouse, rat TOP2A

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 17q21-q22 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 17q21.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: 17q21-q22

TOP2A Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
TOP2A gene location

GeneLoc information about chromosome 17 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC17M038544: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	38,544,768 bp from pter	End:	38,574,202 bp from pter
Size:	29,435 bases	Orientation:	minus strand

(According to ¹UniProtKB, HORDE, neXtProt, Ensembl, and/or Reactome, Modification sites according to ²PhosphoSitePlus, Specific Peptides from DME, Protein expression images according to data from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDb, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, ProSpec, and/or Uscn,
Biochemical Assays by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Abcam, and/or Uscn)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TOP2A_HUMAN, P11388 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha

Size: 1531 amino acids; 174385 Da

Cofactor: Magnesium. Binds two Mg(2+) per subunit. The magnesium ions form salt bridges with both the protein and the

DNA. Can also accept other divalent metal cations, such as Mn(2+) and Ca(2+) (Probable)

Subunit: Homodimer. Interacts with COPS5

Subcellular location: Cytoplasm. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Note=Generally located in the nucleoplasm

Miscellaneous: Eukaryotic topoisomerase I and II can relax both negative and positive supercoils, whereas prokaryotic

enzymes relax only negative supercoils

4 PDB 3D structures from and Proteopedia for TOP2A:

1LWZ (3D)

1ZXM (3D)

1ZXN (3D)

4FM9 (3D)

Secondary accessions: B2RTS1 Q71UN1 Q71UQ5 Q9HB24 Q9HB25 Q9HB26 Q9UP44 Q9UQP9

Alternative splicing: 4 isoforms: P11388-1 P11388-2 P11388-3 P11388-4

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for TOP2A: NX_P11388

Post-translational modifications:

Phosphorylation has no effect on catalytic activity. However, phosphorylation at Ser-1106 by CSNK1D/CK1 promotes DNA

cleavable complex formation¹

View modification sites using PhosphoSitePlus²

View neXtProt modification sites for NX_P11388

4/62 DME Specific Peptides for TOP2A (P11388) (see all 62)

VVKKKNK

FDSQTKE

DDRKEWL

MIMTDQD

TOP2A Protein expression data from MOPED and PaxDb: About this image

REFSEQ proteins: NP_001058.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000411532 ENSP00000464055 ENSP00000462908

Reactome Protein details: P11388
Human Recombinant Protein Products:

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at EMD Millipore
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: TOP2A OriGene Custom Protein Services for TOP2A
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for TOP2A
	Novus Biologicals TOP2A Proteins Novus Biologicals TOP2A Lysate
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins
	Uscn Proteins for TOP2A

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/11 cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 11): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000228	colocalizes with nuclear chromosome	IDA	9049244
GO:0000793	condensed chromosome	--	--
GO:0000795	synaptonemal complex	IBA	--
GO:0005634	nucleus	IDA	--
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	TAS	--

TOP2A for ontologies About GeneDecksing

TOP2A Antibody Products:

	EMD Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of TOP2A
	R&D Systems Antibodies for TOP2A
	Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Antibodies for TOP2A
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 3): TOP2A OriGene Custom Antibody Services for TOP2A
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for TOP2A
	Novus Biologicals TOP2A Antibodies
	Abcam antibodies for TOP2A
	Uscn Antibodies for TOP2A
	ThermoFisher Antibody for TOP2A

Assay Products for TOP2A:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from EMD Millipore
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for TOP2A
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for TOP2A

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

TOP2A for domains About GeneDecksing

5/14 InterPro domains/families (see all 14):

IPR002205 Topo_IIA_A/C

IPR018522 TopoIIA_CS

IPR013758 Topo_IIA_A/C_ab

IPR012542 DTHCT

IPR003594 ATPase-like_ATP-bd

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P11388

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P11388

5/6 Blocks protein families (see all 6):

IPB001154 Topoisomerase II signature

IPB002205 DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV

IPB003594 ATP-binding region

IPB003957 CCAAT-binding transcription factor subunit A signature

IPB011558 DNA topoisomerase

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TOP2A_HUMAN, P11388

Similarity: Belongs to the type II topoisomerase family

Similarity: Contains 1 Toprim domain

(According to ¹UniProtKB, Genatlas, LifeMap Discovery™, IUBMB, and/or ²DME, Human phenotypes from GenomeRNAi, Animal models from MGI Mar 06 2013,
bound targets from SABiosciences, miRNA Gene Targets from miRTarBase shRNA from OriGene, RNAi from EMD Millipore, siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, microRNA from QIAGEN, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, and Vector BioLabs, Cell Lines from GenScript, LifeMap BioReagents, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

Function Summary:

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: TOP2A_HUMAN, P11388

Function: Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands.

Topoisomerase II makes double-strand breaks. Essential during mitosis and meiosis for proper segregation of daughter

chromosomes

Catalytic activity: ATP-dependent breakage, passage and rejoining of double-stranded DNA

Enzyme regulation: Specifically inhibited by the intercalating agent amsacrine

Genatlas biochemistry entry for TOP2A:

DNA topoisomerase II alpha (170kDa),ubiquitous,markely upregulated in proliferating cells,catalyzing the ATP dependent

breakage and rejoining of double strand of DNA,relaxing both positively and negatively supercoiled DNA,inhibited by Rb

during cell cycle,target of several drugs widely used in the treatment of human cancers,including a variant associated

with drug resistance,deleted or amplified simultaneously with ERBB2 in breast cancers

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 5.99.1.3¹ ²

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: TOP2A Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat TOP2A
		8/29 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate TOP2A (see all 29):
		hsa-miR-548j hsa-miR-548i hsa-miR-520d-5p hsa-miR-548k hsa-miR-16-1* hsa-miR-548l hsa-miR-144 hsa-miR-548d-5p

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: TOP2A 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for TOP2A (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: TOP2A OriGene siRNA: TOP2A
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TOP2A

Gene Editing
Products:

DNA2.0 Custom Protein Engineering Service for TOP2A

Clone Products:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from EMD Millipore
		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TOP2A (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TOP2A OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: TOP2A (NM_001067)
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for TOP2A
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TOP2A

Cell Line Products:		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for TOP2A
		Search LifeMap BioReagents cell lines for TOP2A

In Situ Assay
Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TOP2A

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/19 molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 19): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000287	magnesium ion binding	IDA	--
GO:0003677	DNA binding	IDA	10788521
GO:0003682	chromatin binding	IDA	9049244
GO:0003916	DNA topoisomerase activity	--	--
GO:0003918	DNA topoisomerase type II (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity	IDA	16611985

TOP2A for ontologies About GeneDecksing

4 GenomeRNAi human phenotypes for TOP2A:

Increased cell death HMECs cel

Increased gamma-H2AX phosphory

Increased number of cells in m

Synthetic lethal with Ras

(Pathways according to EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, Cell Signaling Technology, KEGG, PharmGKB, BioSystems, Reactome, Tocris Bioscience, GeneGo (Thomson Reuters), QIAGEN, and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Interaction Networks according to SABiosciences, and/or STRING, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, ³I2D, and/or ⁴STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Mar 2013 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

Unified GeneCards pathways - 5/12 super-pathways (see all 12) About this table

See pathways by source

Super-pathway

contained gene-specific pathways

Cell Cycle

Cell Cycle

1.00

Cell Cycle, Mitotic

0.84

Cell cycle Chromosome condensation in prometaphase

Cell cycle Chromosome condensation in prometaphase

1.00

Cell cycle_Chromosome condensation in prometaphase

1.00

Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replacation

Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replacation

1.00

Cell cycle_Transition and termination of DNA replication

0.95

Proteolysis Putative SUMO-1 pathway

Proteolysis Putative SUMO-1 pathway

1.00

Proteolysis_Putative SUMO-1 pathway

0.97

Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway

Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway

1.00

Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway

0.99

Pathway sources
See GeneCards unified pathways
Show all pathways

4 EMD Millipore Pathways for TOP2A

	Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replacation
	Meiosis
	Proteolysis Putative SUMO-1 pathway
	Cell cycle Chromosome condensation in prometaphase

1 Cell Signaling Technology (CST) Pathway for TOP2A

Chromatin Regulation / Acetylation

3 GeneGo (Thomson Reuters) Pathways for TOP2A

	Cell cycle Chromosome condensation in prometaphase
	Proteolysis Putative SUMO-1 pathway
	Cell cycle Transition and termination of DNA replication

2 BioSystems Pathways for TOP2A

	Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
	Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway

5 Reactome Pathways for TOP2A

	Mitotic G1-G1/S phases
	G0 and Early G1
	Cell Cycle
	Transcription of E2F targets under negative control by DREAM complex
	Cell Cycle, Mitotic

2 PharmGKB Pathways for TOP2A

	Doxorubicin Pathway (Cancer Cell), Pharmacodynamics
	Etoposide Pathway, Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics

TOP2A for pathways About GeneDecksing

Interactions:

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for TOP2A

STRING Interaction Network Preview (showing 5 interactants - click image to see 25)

5/108 Interacting proteins for TOP2A (P11388^{1, 2, 3} ENSP00000411532⁴) via UniProtKB, MINT, STRING, and/or I2D (see all 108)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
HIST1H3E	P68431³, ENSP00000353581⁴	I2D: score=1 STRING: ENSP00000353581
HIST1H3A	P68431³	I2D: score=1
HIST1H3B	P68431³	I2D: score=1
HIST1H3C	P68431³	I2D: score=1
HIST1H3D	P68431³	I2D: score=1

About this table

Gene Ontology (GO): 5/23 biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 23): About this table

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000278	mitotic cell cycle	TAS	--
GO:0000712	resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates	IBA	--
GO:0000819	sister chromatid segregation	IBA	--
GO:0006260	DNA replication	NAS	15504738
GO:0006261	DNA-dependent DNA replication	IBA	--

TOP2A for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience HMDB, BitterDB, and/or Novoseek, and Drugs according to DrugBank, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or PharmGKB, with drugs/clinical trials/news search links to CenterWatch)
About This Section

TOP2A for compounds About GeneDecksing

EMD Millipore small molecules for TOP2A:
Small Molecule - inhibitor

Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for TOP2A

Compounds for TOP2A available from Tocris Bioscience About this table

Compound	Action	CAS #
Doxorubicin hydrochloride	Antitumor antibiotic agent. Inhibits DNA topoisomerase II	[25316-40-9]
Epirubicin hydrochloride	Inhibits DNA synthesis and function. Inhibits DNA topoisomerase II.	[56390-09-1]
Etoposide	Topoisomerase II inhibitor	[33419-42-0]
Mitoxantrone dihydrochloride	Topoisomerase II inhibitor; immunosuppressive and antineoplastic agent	[70476-82-3]
Banoxantrone dihydrochloride	Prodrug topoisomerase II inhibitor	[136470-65-0]

1 HMDB Compound for TOP2A About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	PubMed Ids
Levofloxacin	Floxin (see all 5)	100986-85-4	--

10/24 DrugBank Compounds for TOP2A (see all 24) About this table

Compound	Synonyms	CAS #	Type	Actions	PubMed Ids
Dexrazoxane	Desrazoxane (see all 7)	24584-09-6	target	inhibitor	11984069 17652819 11332155 17115008 10194547 11752352 11179439 11046078 12911317
Amsacrine	Acridinyl Anisidide (see all 3)	51264-14-3	target	inhibitor	1311390 11473732 11716434 10691026 11752352 11006484 1322791
Mitoxantrone	Mitoxanthrone (see all 2)	65271-80-9	target	inhibitor	18687447 11278845 9631585 11752352 9494516 11004693 10451375
Doxorubicin	Doxorubicin HCl (see all 5)	23214-92-8	target	inhibitor	17016621 17351394 17578914 11752352 17010609 17089011
Etoposide	(-)-Etoposide (see all 3)	33419-42-0	target	inhibitor	17361331 17514873 16271071 11752352 16309315 16377807
Idarubicin	Idarubicin Hcl (see all 5)	58957-92-9	target	inhibitor	10203104 11836027 11752352 10523799 12034365 8036155
Podofilox	--	477-47-4	target	inhibitor	16061385 1331331 11752352 1334447 10783066 1845848
Teniposide	Teniposido [INN-Spanish] (see all 2)	29767-20-2	target	inhibitor	16480143 17361331 17514873 8702194 16271071 11752352
Ciprofloxacin	Ciprofloxacin dihydrochloride (see all 5)	85721-33-1	target	inhibitor	3015015 11752352 1323952
Enoxacin	--	74011-58-8	target	inhibitor	18471102 11752352 10089819

10/49 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for TOP2A gene (see all 49) About this table

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
amsacrine	86	19	8980384 (2), 8137294 (1), 8194167 (1), 8823806 (1) (see all 13)
etoposide	78.4	43	7641205 (3), 8996519 (2), 10969596 (2), 18206427 (2) (see all 32)
azatoxin	78.2	2	7763310 (2)
mitoxantrone	72.7	10	8980384 (2), 18665175 (1), 17578914 (1), 11278845 (1) (see all 7)
doxorubicin	68.2	29	8996519 (2), 15486187 (2), 19620488 (2), 8823806 (1) (see all 21)
trastuzumab	63.4	6	18078328 (1), 19914538 (1), 15762277 (1), 17089011 (1) (see all 5)
teniposide	61.4	9	7641205 (3), 8980384 (2), 8548781 (1), 9426516 (1) (see all 5)
camptothecin	56.4	4	7961822 (1), 14973057 (1), 11205246 (1)
(glc)4	51.2	12	8041119 (3), 8980384 (2)
adriamycin	47.5	8	9494516 (2), 7805045 (2), 18401528 (1), 8615623 (1)

Search CenterWatch for drugs/clinical trials and news about TOP2A

(Secondary structures according to fRNAdb,
GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 235 Homo sapiens; Mar 10 2013) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from EMD Millipore,
siRNAs from OriGene, QIAGEN, shRNA from OriGene, microRNA from QIAGEN,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, SwitchGear Genomics, GenScript, DNA2.0, Vector BioLabs, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN )
About This Section

REFSEQ mRNAs for TOP2A gene:

NM_001067.3

Unigene Cluster for TOP2A:

Topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha 170kDa

Hs.156346 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001067

5 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000423485(uc002huq.3 uc002hur.1) ENST00000577541 ENST00000578412

ENST00000577706 ENST00000581055

miRNA Products:		OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: TOP2A Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of human, mouse, rat TOP2A
		8/29 QIAGEN miScript miRNA Assays for microRNAs that regulate TOP2A (see all 29):
		hsa-miR-548j hsa-miR-548i hsa-miR-520d-5p hsa-miR-548k hsa-miR-16-1* hsa-miR-548l hsa-miR-144 hsa-miR-548d-5p

		SwitchGear 3'UTR luciferase reporter plasmid: TOP2A 3' UTR sequence

Inhib. RNA Products:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from EMD Millipore
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector in human, mouse, rat for TOP2A (see all 7) OriGene shRNA RFP: TOP2A OriGene siRNA: TOP2A
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing in human, mouse, rat TOP2A

Clone Products:		OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TOP2A (see all 3) OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector in human, mouse, rat for TOP2A OriGene custom cloning services � gene synthesis, subcloning, mutagenesis, variant library, vector shuttling
		GenScript: all cDNA clones in your preferred vector: TOP2A (NM_001067)
		DNA2.0 Custom Codon Optimized Gene Synthesis Service for TOP2A
		Vector BioLabs ready-to-use adenovirus/AAV for human, mouse, rat TOP2A

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for TOP2A Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TOP2A
		QIAGEN QuantiTect SYBR Green Assays in human, mouse, rat TOP2A
		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TOP2A

Additional cDNA sequence:

AK024080.1 BC013429.1 BC062677.1 BC140791.1 J04088.1 L47276.1 L47277.1

21 DOTS entries:

DT.99953788 DT.451782 DT.95300834 DT.99932666 DT.100683187 DT.100689464 DT.100825552 DT.100825545

DT.120991746 DT.91761832 DT.100038117 DT.100825557 DT.91761835 DT.95282052 DT.95300818 DT.100648081

DT.100825546 DT.102832750 DT.120991718 DT.40106389 DT.120991769

24/471 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 471):

AA702453 BM834385 BQ773978 AI127486 BM473617 AW675045 BM788662 AI887722

BM832666 BM698924 CB140758 BI260210 CB158932 BM829037 AA216786 AA806022

CA424120 BQ049288 BC013429 BG681127 AA236910 BX099176 BF223254 AW263710

GeneLoc Exon Structure

4 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for TOP2A About this scheme

ExUns:	1	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5	^	6	^	7	^	8	^	9	^	10	^	11a	·	11b	^	12	^	13	^	14	^	15	^	16	^	17	^	18	^	19	^	20	^	21	^	22	^	23	^	24	^	25a	·
SP1:																					-																														-
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:

ExUns:	25b	^	26	^	27	^	28a	·	28b	^	29	^	30	^	31	^	32	^	33	^	34a	·	34b	^	35
SP1:
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for TOP2A

(RNA expression data according to H-InvDB, NONCODE, miRBase, and RNAdb, Expression images according to data from BioGPS, Illumina Human BodyMap, and CGAP SAGE, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, in vivo and in vitro expression data from LifeMap Discovery™, plus additional links to Genevestigator, and/or SOURCE, and/or BioGPS, and/or UniProtKB,
PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Primers from OriGene, SABiosciences, and/or QIAGEN, In Situ Hybridization Assays from Advanced Cell Diagnostics)
About This Section

TOP2A expression in normal human tissues (normalized intensities)
See probesets specificity/sensitivity at GeneAnnot
About this imageBioGPS
CGAP TAG: CTCAGCAATG

About this image

TOP2A expression in embryonic tissues and stem cells

Expression by the Database of Embryonic development, Stem cell research, and Regenerative medicine About this table

3 LifeMap In Vivo Development Anatomical Compartments/Cells

Tissue

Anatomical Compartment

Cell

Category (developmental path)

Epicardium

Kidney Endothelial Cells

Endothelium

Ovary

Antral Follicle

Secondary Oocyte

Female Gametocytes, Germ Cells

Expression:

Positive

Negative

Selective marker

Experimental details:

Curated

Microarrays

In-situ hybridization

Stem Cell Differentiation: 3 LifeMap Cells

Name

Category

PureStem™ progenitor E44 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

PureStem™ progenitor F15 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

PureStem™ progenitor U31 (Embryonic Progenitor Cell)

See TOP2A Protein Expression from SPIRE MOPED and PaxDB
Genevestigator expression for TOP2A

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.156346

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including TOP2A:

Lung Cancer in human mouse rat

Cancer Drug Targets in human mouse rat

Cancer Drug Resistance in human mouse rat

Primer Products:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs in human, mouse, rat for TOP2A Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay in human, mouse, rat TOP2A
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		QIAGEN QuantiFast Probe-based Assays in human, mouse, rat TOP2A

In Situ
Assay Products:

Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope RNA in situ hybridization assays for TOP2A

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD , ⁵MGI Mar 06 2013, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, and/or ⁶Ensembl pan taxonomic compara , Gene Trees according to Ensembl and TreeFam)
About This Section

This gene was present in the last universal common ancestor (LUCA).

Orthologs for TOP2A gene from 10/38 species (see all 38) About this table

Organism	Taxonomic classification	Gene	Description	Human Similarity	Orthology Type	Details
chicken (Gallus gallus)	Aves	TOP2A¹	topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha 170kDa	73.25(n) 78.32(a)		395570 NM_204791.1 NP_990122.1
lizard (Anolis carolinensis)	Reptilia	TOP2A⁶	--	70(a)	1 ↔ 1	6(70009429-70047926)
African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)	Amphibia	LOC398512²	hypothetical protein LOC398512	77.65(n)		BC044276.1
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	Actinopterygii	wufc08c07²	Transcribed sequence with moderate similarity to protein more	76.55(n)		57055348
fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)	Insecta	Top2^{1 , 3}	meiosis DNA binding³ Topoisomerase 2¹	60(a)³ 57.54(n)¹ 58.87(a)¹		37E1³ 35225¹ NM_057412.3¹ NP_476760.1¹
worm (Caenorhabditis elegans)	Secernentea	F32A11.4³ top-2¹	DNA topoisomerase II (N-terminal region)³ Protein TOP-2¹	59(a) (best of 6)³ 57.7(n)¹ 57.89(a)¹		II(13134927-13137287)³ 174825¹ NM_064135.2¹ NP_496536.1¹
baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)	Saccharomycetes	TOP2¹	Top2p	53.19(n) 47.07(a)		855636 NP_014311.3
thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana)	eudicotyledons	TOPII¹	DNA topoisomerase 2	53.1(n) 47.84(a)		821972 NM_113294.2 NP_189031.1
rice (Oryza sativa)	Liliopsida	Os02g0699700¹	hypothetical protein	59.02(n) 59.09(a)		4330426 NM_001054368.1 NP_001047833.1
E. coli (Escherichia coli)	Gamma proteobacteria	parE⁶	DNA topoisomerase IV, subunit B	20(a)	possible ortholog	Chromosome(3171526-3173418)

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for TOP2A (if available)
TreeFam Gene Tree for TOP2A (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene,
²Ensembl, and ³SIMAP, Pseudogenes according to ⁴Pseudogene.org Build 68)
About This Section

Paralogs for TOP2A gene

TOP2B²

2 SIMAP similar genes for TOP2A using alignment to 3 protein entries: TOP2A_HUMAN (see all proteins):

TOP2B topIIb

TOP2A for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs/Variants according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, UniProtKB, and DNA2.0, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Mutations from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and the Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB), Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, Resequencing Primers from QIAGEN, Cancer Mutation PCR Arrays and Assays and Copy Number PCR Arrays from SABiosciences)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Clinical significance	Chr 17 pos	Sequence	#	AA Chg	Type	More	#	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data					Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
				--	--	--		--	--
rs112379669^1,2	C,	--	34337409(+)	`TTACTG/AATCAA`	1	--	ds500¹		1		NA	2
rs2715555^1,2	C,F,A,H,	--	34337484(-)	`TAAGAC/TCTAAT`	1	--	ds500¹		16		NS EA NA	1904
rs79055180^1,2	C,F,	--	34338102(+)	`CATTGC/TTTAAA`	1	--	ut3¹		1		EA	120
rs77924872^1,2	C,F,	--	34338162(+)	`AACCAT/CAAAGT`	1	--	ut3¹		1		NA	120
rs115936222^1,2	C,F,	--	34338324(+)	`CTTTAC/TGCTGA`	1	--	ut3¹		1		WA	118
rs77575715^1,2		--	34338366(+)	`AGAACA/TTAAAA`	1	--	ut3¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs111733098^1,2	C	--	34338732(+)	`CATATA/C/GGAAGT`	3	H D Y	mis¹		1		CSA	1
rs75106179^1,2		--	34338885(+)	`AGCAGA/CTCTAA`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs8070500^1,2	C,	--	34339446(+)	`caggcA/Gtgtgc`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs200311967^1,2	C	--	34339734(+)	`ACATTC/TTATTT`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium report for TOP2A (38544768 - 38574202 bp)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for TOP2A: --

SABiosciences Cancer Mutation PCR Assays

2 SABiosciences qBiomarker Copy Number PCR Arrays containing TOP2A:

Oncogenes & Tumor Suppressor Genes 384HC

Breast Cancer

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers in human, mouse, rat for resequencing TOP2A

DNA2.0 Custom Variant and Variant Library Synthesis for TOP2A

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to MalaCards, OMIM, UniProtKB, the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database, Novoseek, Genatlas, GeneTests, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

TOP2A for disorders           About GeneDecksing

OMIM gene information: 126430    OMIM disorders: --

20/112 diseases for TOP2A (see all 112):    About MalaCards

dna topoisomerase ii dna topoisomerase ii, resistance to inhibition of, by amsacrine ataxia telangiectasia malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor

diffuse large b-cell lymphoma ataxia central nervous system lymphoma dna topoisomerase i

non-small cell lung carcinoma adenomatous polyposis coli lichen planus b-cell lymphomas

oral lichen planus inverted papilloma non-hodgkin lymphoma squamous cell carcinoma

soft tissue sarcoma cervical intraepithelial neoplasia carcinoma lymphoblastic leukemia

2 diseases from the University of Copenhagen DISEASES database for TOP2A:

Breast cancer Cervix endometriosis

10/75 Novoseek disease relationships for TOP2A gene (see all 75) About this table

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
breast cancer	63.8	121	20130985 (4), 15891995 (4), 19945923 (4), 18465341 (3) (see all 55)
tumors	57.1	162	14978790 (6), 19945923 (6), 14566826 (5), 10469452 (5) (see all 67)
mpnst	46.3	8	14673046 (3), 16721726 (2), 14508395 (1), 18522746 (1)
small cell lung cancer	45.2	4	8306338 (1), 9713494 (1), 8041119 (1), 12906927 (1)
breast carcinoma	44.7	20	15628907 (2), 19886180 (2), 14632728 (2), 17013533 (2) (see all 13)
carcinoma	42.8	14	10597187 (1), 9310953 (1), 12556100 (1), 15068318 (1) (see all 11)
malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors	41.4	1	14673046 (1)
cancer	38.9	33	14632727 (2), 17363613 (2), 7641205 (2), 10652607 (2) (see all 23)
leukemia	37.6	13	8914817 (2), 9494516 (2), 7643627 (1), 7873386 (1) (see all 11)
ovarian carcinoma	36.8	6	15385105 (2), 8172796 (1), 14984957 (1), 9504690 (1) (see all 5)

Genetic Association Database (GAD): TOP2A
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: TOP2A (9 documents)

Export disorders for TOP2A gene to outside databases

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶HMDB, ⁷DrugBank, ⁸UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁹ Novoseek, and/or ¹⁰fRNAdb)
About This Section

PubMed articles for TOP2A gene, integrated from 9 sources (see all 673):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with TOP2A)

Utopia: connect your pdf to the dynamic
world of online information

Structural organization of the human TOP2A and TOP2B genes. (PubMed id 9795238)^{1, 2, 9} Lang A.J.... Cole S.P. (1998)
retrospective analysis of topoisomerase IIa amplifications and deletions as predictive markers in primary breast cancer patients randomly assigned to cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil or cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil: Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. (PubMed id 16234514)^{1, 7, 9} Knoop A.S....Ejlertsen B. (2005)
Mitotic phosphorylation of DNA topoisomerase II alpha by protein kinase CK2 creates the MPM-2 phosphoepitope on Ser-1469. (PubMed id 10942766)^{1, 2, 9} Escargueil A.E.... Larsen A.K. (2000)
Use of yeast in the study of anticancer drugs targeting DNA topoisomerases: expression of a functional recombinant human DNA topoisomerase II alpha in yeast. (PubMed id 8393377)^{1, 2, 9} Wasserman R.A.... Wang J.C. (1993)
Characterization of human NSCLC cell line with innate etoposide-resistance mediated by cytoplasmic localization of topoisomerase II alpha. (PubMed id 16271071)^{1, 7, 9} de Lucio B....Barrera-Rodriguez R. (2005)
The structure of DNA-bound human topoisomerase II alpha: conformational mechanisms for coordinating inter-subunit interactions with DNA cleavage. (PubMed id 22841979)^{1, 2} Wendorff T.J.... Berger J.M. (2012)
DNA cleavage and opening reactions of human topoisomer ase IIa are regulated via Mg2+-mediated dynamic bending of gate-DNA. (PubMed id 22323612)^{1, 2} Lee S....Hohng S. (2012)
Use of divalent metal ions in the dna cleavage reacti on of human type II topoisomerases. (PubMed id 19222228)^{1, 2} Deweese J.E....Osheroff N. (2009)
Metal ion interactions in the DNA cleavage/ligation a ctive site of human topoisomerase IIalpha. (PubMed id 19697956)^{1, 2} Deweese J.E....Osheroff N. (2009)
Plk3 phosphorylates topoisomerase IIalpha at Thr(1342), a site that is not recognized by Plk1. (PubMed id 18062778)^{1, 2} Iida M....Komatani H. (2008)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 7153	HGNC: 11989	AceView: TOP2A	Ensembl:ENSG00000131747	euGenes: HUgn7153
ECgene: TOP2A	H-InvDB: TOP2A

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to PharmGKB, ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
PharmGKB entry for TOP2A	Pharmacogenomics, SNPs, Pathways
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for TOP2A	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Intellectual Property for TOP2A gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from LifeMap Sciences, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for TOP2A gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving TOP2A

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays from EMD Millipore, R&D Systems, OriGene, QIAGEN, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, Enzo Life Sciences, Abcam, ProSpec, Uscn, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Gene Editing from DNA2.0, Clones from EMD Millipore, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, DNA2.0, SwitchGear Genomics, Vector BioLabs, Cell lines from GenScript and LifeMap BioReagents, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds from EMD Millipore, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences),
In Situ Hybridization Assays from
Advanced Cell Diagnostics
About This Section

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TOP2A Gene

topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha 170kDa

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TOP2A Gene

topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha 170kDa

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